ZEé0g&Dv 2010

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29? 01? 10
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 January 2010 jrefrmha&;&m
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08? 01? 10
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15? 01? 10
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17? 01? 10
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14? 01? 10
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tcJrsm;ESifh êuHawGUaeMu&onf[k oluqufajymonf/
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 January 2010
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 January 2010 aqmif;yg; pmrsufESm 12

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aMumif;t&mrsm;onf &cdkifvlrsdK;wdkUtwGuf txl;pdk;&drfp&mjzpfonf/ xdkuJhodkU aMumuf
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t,f'Dwm tmabmfrSwifjyygrnf/ &cdkifol&cdkifom;rsm; owdcsyfjyD; tem*wf &cdkif
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wEdkifiHtjzpf &yfwnfaexdkifvmcJhaom wdkif;jynfjzpfonf/ ,cktcsdefxd jrefrmjynf
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rnfudk rjrifMuao;bJ&Sdaeonf/ okdUtwGuf tcsdefrSD jyifMu&efvdkonf/ tcsdef&Sdao;
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us,fa&;twGuf tpGrf;ukef êud;pm;aqmif&GufaeMuonf/ &cdkiftrsdK;om;rsm;taejzifh
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rdrdvlrsdK; wnfwHha&;twGuf twwfedkfifqHk; pGrf;aqmifêud;yrf;&ef vdktyfygonf/
 January 2010 aqmif;yg; pmrsufESm 14

t&ufta-umif; waphwapmif; (1)

t&uf aomufvdkufvdkU
pdwfudk vGwfvyfpDjyD;au
aysmf*wf&a&ydkif
t&ufaomufjyD;au oGD;qdk;
&rf;um;vdkU
ysufvm;c&a&rdom;pkacswd?
pD;yGm;a&;wd? b0wduvnf;
'kemifha';yg/
&ckdifjynfe,femifh t&uf
êudufaw&ckdifom;wdtaMumif;
udkawmh tus,fcsJUjyD;au ajym
zdkUawmhvdkzdkUr[kwfyg/ t&uf
aomufvdkufvdkU pdwfudkvGwf
vyfpDjyD;au aysmf*wf&a&ydkif
t&ufaomufjyD;au oGD;qdk;&rf;
um;vdkU ysufvm;c&a& rdom;pk
acswd? pD;yGm;a&;wd? b0wdu
vnf; 'kemifha';yg/ ,if;\
tusdK;quftjzpf &ckdifjynf\
wdk;wufrIvrf;pwdudkvnf; w
bufwvrf;u tnTefUcsdK;ypfedef
yga&/ usaemf&dkU &ckdifom;wdu
vnf; t&ufa& qdk;a&qdkpGmudk
rodapmfawmhr[kwfyg/ od*wf
yg,ifh/ a,auavh t&ufu
ZmjzpfvdkU vludk rl;,pfpDvJ? Zm
a&m*gwdudk ZmaMumifhjzpfpDvJ
vdkU rdef;vdkufau ajzEdkifa&
vluaumif;&Sm;yga&/ Mum;zl;o
a,mifemifh wufa,mifum;vkyf
uwf a w vl w d & mrsm;yga&/
,if;ydkifysm,f at *kydkif t&uf
udk tvGeftuRH aomufedefapmf
wdudk t&ufraomufuJhvdkU yp
emifh twif; wm;jrpf&Hkavmuf
emifh r&Edkifapmf taMumif;t&m
wduvnf;[dedefyga&/ ,if;ydkif
aoQmif t&uftaMumif;udk p
epfwus od[dEdkifzdkU odyÜHenf;
usemifh qD;ynm&IUaxmifhwdukd
udk;um;vdkU &GD;om;vdkuf&yga&/
t&uf odkUr[kwf Etha-
nol t&uf *kPfowÅda& ,r
um&nfwdkif;rSm tDodkif;t,fvf
udka[m (Ethyl alcohol) vdkUac:
a& pdwf<upDa& "gwfwpfck yg
yga&/ Ethyl alcohol udk tuf
oaem (Ethanol)vdkUvnf; ac:
uwfyga&/ Ethanol udk awmh
vlwdMum;zl;uwfzdkU xif yga&/
Ethanol qd k p G m avmif p mqD
wpfrsdK;yg/ Oyrm/ b&mZD;Edkif
iHrSmqdkau BuH (Sugar cane) u
edefwqifh tDoaemudk xkwf
vkyfjyD;au um;rSmoHk;zdkU avmif
pmqDtjzpf toHk;ûyuwfyga&/
aomufzdkUroifhawmfa&? u
aumif;jyif;a& t&nfwrsdK; jzpf
yga&/ ,if;twGufaMumifhvnf;
aomufapmft&ufwdrSm trsm;
BuD; xnfhvdkU raumif;apmf yg/
bD,mrSmqdkau Ethanol 3 &m
cdkifEIef;uedef 6 &mcdkifEIef;txd
ygwwfyga&/ 0dkif (Wine) wdrSm
qdkau 7 &mcdkifEIef;uedef 15
&mcdkifEIef;txdygwwfyga&/ csef
ydef; (Champagne) rSmqdkau 8
&mcdkifEIef;uedef 14 &mcdkifEIef;
txd ygwwfyga&/ &rf;? *sif?
aAg'fum (Vodka) ? 0DpuDpa&
tjyif;pm; t&ufwdrSmqdkau
40 &mcdkifEIef;uedef 95 &mcdkif
EIef;txd ygwwfyga&/ t&uf
tppfqHk; Ethanol 100 &mcdkif
EIef;eD;yg;yga&)udk attwdkif;
tMurf;? wpfckavhra&mbJemifh
aomufau oDEdkifzdkU &mcdkifEIef;
uvnf; 100 &mcdkifEIef;eD;yg;[d
yga&/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh awmhcg
tjyif;pm;t&ufwdrSm Ethanol
(odkU) alcohol yg0ifEIef; 40 &m
cdkifEIef;avmuf [dwwfyga&/
t&ufvkyfenf; 3 rsdK;
t&ufudk enf; 3 enf;
xJu wrsdK;rsdK;udk oHk;jyD;au
vkyfEdkifyga&/
1/ yxr enf;uawmh
trsm;oHk;enf;jzpfaw opfoD;
wd? oD;ESHwdudk tcsnfazgufjyD;
au vkyfawenf;yg/ ,if;enf;
emifh vkyfvdkU&vmpGmudk txuf
uajymca&ydkif EthanolvdkU ac:
pGmyg/
2/ aemuf wenf;u
awmhcg ausmufjzpf&kyfuGif;wd
u&a& avmifpmqD (&eH? o
bm0"gwfaiGUwdukd "gwkaAw
qkdif&majymif;vJrI (chemical
modification) ûyjyD;au t&uf
tjzpf u d k ajymif ; a&enf ; yg/
,if;enf;emifh&vma& t&ufwd
udk Industrial alcohlo vdkUac:yg
a&/
3/ aemufqHk; enf;u
awmhcg umAGef'dkifatmufqdk'fudk
[dkuf'&kd*sifemifh "gwkaA'qdkif&m
ajymif;vJjyD;au xkwfvkyfaw
t&ufwrsdK;yg/ ,if;enf;emifh
&vma&t&uf u d k Methanol
alcohol (od k U ) Wood alcohol vd k U
ac:yga&/ a,auavh 'kwd,
enf;emifh wwd,enf;udk oHk;jyD;
au &vma& t&ufwdu
aumif; tqdyfjyif;wwfyga&/
wzJhacs aomufrdauawmifrS
rsufpduef;jcif;? toufqHk;&Hl;
jcif;wdudk jzpfay:pDEdkifyga&/
t&ufemifh vlUcE¨m
vlwpfa,mufu t&uf
wpfcGufudk aomufvdkufpGmemifh
,if;t&ufwd\ 20 &mcdkifEIef;
avmufa& tpmtdrf (Stomach)
uedefwqifh aoG;aMumxJwdudk
csufcsif; pdrfh0ifvm;yga&/ aoG;
aMumwdxJudk t&uf"gwfa&muf
vcpGmemifh csufcsif; rl;,pfaw
tod u d k cH p m;vm&yga&/
aemufxyf 75 &mcdkifEIef;
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atmuf r S m [d a & tl ; vrf ;
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xufydkif;wdxJudk pdrfh0ifvm;yg
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pmtdrf tlvrf;aMumif;rBuD;\
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cE¨mudk,fxJudk t&uf
pdrfh0ifEIef;a& t&uftrsdK;t
pm;udkvdkufjyD;au wpfrsdK;emifh
wpfrsdK; pdrfh0ifEIef; rwluwfyg/
Oyrm/ Carbonation vdkUac:a&
qljyD;au tûryfwd wufvm
atmif vkyfxm;a& csefydef;ydkif
t&ufrsdK;qdkau ydkjyD;au pdrfh
0ifEIef;jrefyga&/ ,if;ydkifysm,f
t&ufxJu Artificial sweet-
eners vdkUac:a& oMum;twkwd
xnfhxm;auvnf; pdrfh0ifEIef;
udk jrefpDyga&/ ,if;ydkifysm,f
t&uf tjyif;pm;wduvnf;
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a,auavh wem;Mumau
awmhcg pdrfh0ifvm;uwfpGmyg&m/
pdrfh0ifvm;a& t&ufwdudk aoG;
aMumwduedefwqifh wjcm;
cE¨mudk,f tpdwftydkif;wdudk ydkU
aqmifZDyga&/ t&ufa& ZD0
tjrSD;yg; (Biological membranes)
uedefwqifh tvsiftjref jzwf
oef;vm;Edkifa& pGrf;&nf[da&
twGufaMumifh cE¨mukd,fwpf&ª;
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vnf; jrefyga&/
ZD0ur® jzpfpdkif
t&ufemifh ywfouf
aw ZD0ur®jzpfpdkif (Meta-
bolism) wduawmh tonf;rSm
t"dujzpfyga&/ (ZD0ur® jzpfpdkif
qdkpGmu pm;oHk;a& tpm;tpm?
t&nfwdudk "gwkaA'enf;t&
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cE¨mudk,fxJrSm ,if;jzpfpdkifa&
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auawmif r S ,if ; jzpf p d k i f u
r&yfwefUbJ qufvufjzpfedef
pG m yg/) tpmtd r f x J r S m vnf ;
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a&/ aomufvdkufaw t&uf\
2 &mcdkifEIef;uedef 10 &mcdkifEIef;
uawmhcg tonf;wd? wpf&ª;
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ausmufuyfwdemifh cRJaygufwd
uedefwqifh jyefxkwfyD;yga&/
a,bk,stm;jzifh ausmufuyf
wdu aomufvdkufaw t&uf
wd\ 5 &mcdkifEIef;udk tayghvm;
pGmuedefwqifh xkwfypfyga&/
tqkwfuvnf; 5 &mcdkifEIef;
avmufudk touf&ª vrf;
aMumif;wduedef &ªxkwfypfyga&/
,if;twGufemifh t&ufaomuf
awvlwd yZ&dkU? taygh&dkUu
teHUjyif;wd xGufedef&jcif; jzpfyg
a&/
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aomuf v d k u f a w t&uf u d k
Alcohol dehydrogenase vdkUac:
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zsufjyD;au Acetaldehyde udk
xkwfvkyfyD;yga&/ xkwfyD;vdkuf
aw Acetaldehyde udkysm,f
cetaldehyde dehydrogenase vdkU
ac:a& tefZdkif;wdu qufjyD;
au acszsufyvdkufau vlUcE¨m
udk,ftwGuf pGrf;tifemifh armf
vDusL;acswdudk &[dyga&/
tm&SoGD;yga& vlrsdK;pk
tcsdKUemifh *sL;vlrsdK; wcsdKUrSmqdk
au xl;jcm;a& ADZvu©Pm
(Genes)wd ygyga&/ ,if;ydkifvl
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wla& tefZdkif;wd [dyga&/
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auavh ydkrl;wwfyga&/ rdef;r
wd\ a[mfrkef;"gwfemifh "r®wm
&moD t csd e f w d u vnf ; Zm
avmuf ydkrl;Edkifvnf;qdkpGmt
ay:rSm twdk;tavsmh[defUpDyg
a&/
rSDjirf;csuf
1. Insel. Paul M.; Roth,
Walton T.; Core Concepts in
Health with Additional Readings
from Georgia Institute of
Technology, 10th Edition, Mc
Graw Hill, New York, 2008.
2. HowStuffWorks, How
Alcohol Works, accessed January
1, 2010.
3. Wikipedia, Ethanol, ,
accessed January 1, 2010.
4. Wikipedia, Alcoholic
beverages, accessed January 1,
2010.
5. Wikipedia, Long-term
effects of alcohol, accessed
January 1, 2010.
http://arakanscientia.blog
spot.com/
 January 2010 aqmif;yg; pmrsufESm 15

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 January 2010 aowGif;owif; pmrsufESm 16

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ausmif;rSxGufaecJh&onf/
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EdkifiH umvuwÅm;ûrdU&Sd tDpvrfrD,m aum
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wGif wuf<upGmyg0ifvIyf&Sm;cJhrIrsm;aMumifh
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axmifcscHcJh&onf/
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tm0grD rlqvifvd*f (Awami Muslim
League)udk pwifzGJUpnf;cJhjyD; 1954 ckESpfwGif
olUudkol EdkifiHa&;vIyf&Sm;olwOD;tjzpf t
oGifajymif;u EdkifiHa&;avmuxJodkU ajcpHkypf
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a'oEÅ&a&G;aumufyGJrsm;wGif tm0grDvd*f
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rdwfwyfaygif;pkudkzGJUpnf;jyD; ,SOfûydif&m pkpk
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Bangla) tpdk;&tzGJUwGif opfawmESifhpdkuf
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0ef B uD ; opf j zpf v mcJ h o nf h &S d w f r l * sD o nf
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xkwfy,fjcif;udkcHcJh&onf/ xdkodkU xkwfy,f
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onf ygudpöwefrJqE´e,f vTwfawmfwGif
trwftjzpf xyfrH a&G;aumufwifajrSmuf
jcif; cHcJh&onf/ xdkESpf Mo*wfpfv25 &uf
aeUwGif ygudpöweftpdk;&rS vuf&Sd ta&SU
b*Fvmudk ta&SUygudpöweftrnfodkUajymif;
jyD; taemufygudpöwef\ ,lepfwcktjzpf
xlaxmif&ef jyifqifaeonfhtcsdefwGif &dSwf
rl*sDu ta&SUb*Fvmjynfe,frS vlxkqE´
cH,ljyD;rSom rlqvifvd*f (Awami muslin
League) rS Muslim udkûzwfjyD; tm0grDvd*f
(Awami League)tjzpf ajymif;vJvdkufonf/
1956 ckESpf ta&mufwGif tmawmf&mrefcef
OD;aqmifonfh a'oEÅ&tpdk;&tzGJU\ 0efMuD;
wOD;jzpfvmygawmhonf/ odkUaomfvnf;
1957 ckESpf arvwGif olonf tm0grDvd*f
tzJGUtpnf;qdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;udk tav;ay;
vkyfudkifEdkif&eftwGuf xdktpkd;&tzGJUrS EIwf
xGufvdkufonf/
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trdefUxkwfjyefvdkufjyD;aemuf atmufwdkbm
v (11)&ufaeUwGif ygudpöweftpdk;&rS b*Fg
bif'ludkzrf;jyD; trIaygif;rsm;pGmjzifh pGJcsuf
wifum rvGwfpwrf; csKyfaESmifygawmh
onf/ q,fhav;vtMumwGif axmifrS jyef
vTwfay;vdkufjyD; aemufxyf axmifAl;0wGif
yif xyfrHzrf;qD;jcif;cHcJh&onf/ ta&SUygudpö
wef w&m;&Hk;a&SUarSmufwGif oludk,fwdkif t
,lcH0ifavQmufvJcJhjyD;aemuf 1961 ckESpf
wGif olUtm;jyefvTwfcJhonf/ 1962 ckESpf
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