ECCS EUROPEAN CONVENTION FOR CONSTRUCTIONAL STEELWORK CECM ‘CONVENTION EUROPEENNE DE LA CONSTRUCTION METALLIQUE EKS EUROPAISCHE KONVENTION FUR STAHLBAU ECCS - Advisory Committee 5 _ Application of Eurocode 3 Examples to Eurocode 3 — ___ FIRST EDITION 4998 Ne74EUROPEAN CONVENTION FOR CONSTRUCTIONAL STEELWORK CONVENTION EUROPEENNE DE LA CONSTRUCTION METALLIQUE EUROPAISCHE KONVENTION FUR STAHLBAU ECCS - Advisory Committee 5 Application of Eurocode 3 Examples to Eurocode 3 FIRST EDITION 1993 N°71Introduction The European Convention for Structural Steelwork (ECCS) has as one of its primary objectives the promotion of the safe and economical use of steel in structures. ECCS believes that the introduction of the harmonized Eurocodes has a great value in achieving this objective; accordingly ECCS has set up an Advisory Committee, AC 5, charged with the task of promoting the introduction and adoption of the Eurocodes. The AC 5 Committee have considered how this process could be best achieved and concluded that a three stage approach was desirable. The first stage was to produce a concise version of the Eurocodes which can be used for normal every day design; this part has already been issued as ECCS Publication No. 65. The second stage is the production of this document which gives design examples to EC 3/1 and E-EC 3 and has been prepared as a design aid to facilitate the use of EC 3/1 for the design of steel buildings during the ENV period. These examples concentrate on those aspects which are likely to be needed for daily practical design work. The third and final stage will be the production of a series of “Design Aids" which will enable the design process to be made more quickly by using tabulated or graphical values for the various design formula contained in EC 3/1. The combination of these three documents will enable practising engineers to more easily adopt to the use of the new Eurocodes and should have a beneficial help in their speedy introduction.Scope These Design Examples to EC 3/1 and E-EC 3 have been prepared by the ECCS - Advisory Committee AC 5 as a design aid in supplement to the complete EC 3/1 to facilitate the use of EC 3/1 for the design of steel buildings in the ENV-period. The Design Examples only contains examples to EC 3/1 and E-EC3 that are likely to be needed for daily practical design work. The y values used in this document are the values recommended in EC 3 main document. These values may deviate from the values recommended in the National Application Documents (NAD) of the member states. The ECCS - Advisory Committee 5 is at present composed of the following members: Aasen, B. Norway Arda, T.S. Turkey Bock, H. United Kingdom Danieli, S. Italy Dowling, P.J. United Kingdom Falke, J. Germany Gemperle, C. Switzerland Gettins, H.J. (Chairman) United Kingdom Lequien, Ph. France Lutteroth, A. Germany Schleich, J.B. Luxembourg Sedlacek, G. Germany Lundin, K. Sweden The Committee gratefully obtained contributions from: Braham, M. Luxembourg Gerardy, J.C. Luxembourg Grotmann, D. Germany Taylor, J.C. United Kingdom Also particular thanks are given to the ECCS Technical Committees TC 8 and TC 10 who have contributed to the work. References (1) EC 3/1: ENV 1993-1-1 Eurocode 3: Part 1.1 (2) E-EC 3: Essentials of Eurocode 3 - Design Manual for Steel Structures in Buildings, ECCS- Publication No. 65 (3) References to EC 3/1 are given in brackets [...] (4) References to E-EC 3 are given without bracketsContents Introduction Scope a i cc 1 1.1 Load combination .........0.0.00 0.000000 cee nee nee 2 Single storey frame including a crane girder Continuous beam (plastic - plastic) Continuous beam (elastic - plastic) with limited redistribution SCOOT eee eee agen ee Continuous beam (elastic - plastic) without limited redistribution CSCO eyes a fe lel pt ppSOOO ooo geseeeeensneeenssescnaen A frame is braced by a bracing Bracing system imperfections for a system wind bracing 00 IPE%00 IPE400 we cog | /— !PE120-\ |-ipe 6o0—HEB profile as column ee I Cold formed RHS as a strut of a lattice girder Angle as a strut of a lattice girder eee] pt being designed ‘© Cold formed RHS \ (class 4 cross-section) Single span beam with lateral torsional buckling Ud Single span beam with shear buckling Class 4 cross-section loaded in verification bending vRHS column loaded in bending and HEA profile loaded in bending and i { axial compression axial compression Design of intermediate transverse stiffeners Axially loaded column supported by a beam Load introduction of wheel loads from cranes Beam supported by a beam (class 4 cross-section)Bolted connection of a tension member to a gusset plate Erection splice at mid span of a lattice girder eee . " ' ' i : t 44 20x17 Fin plate connection to H section columnBracket welded on a column 20k 350%120% 10 p 350110 x10 Welded beam to column connection Welded beam to column connection without stiffeners with stiffeners Annex A Tabled reduction factors for buckling curves a,, a, b, c, dPart 1 Load combination Methods of analysis Frame analysis Bracing system analysis1.1 Load combination These examples demonstrate how the design values of action effects (N.,, Voy, M,,, etc) are determined from the load assumptions. The further steps of design are not treated in this part. An action is a force (load) applied to the structure or an imposed deformation (e.g. temperature effects or settlements). Characteristic (unfactored) values of these actions are specified in ENV 1991 Eurocode 1 or other relevant loadings codes. These values of actions shall be multiplied by relevant safety factors and combination factors, see chapter "Combinations of actions" in ENV 1993 Eurocode 3 or Table 2.1 in the Essentials of Eurocode 3 to determine the design values of the effects of actions. The following examples show the method of determination of the maximum effects of actions. Not all possible combinations of actions are presented nor are relevant combinations worked out. In practice, one will collect experience to easily find out which load combination is decisive for verification of the structures. The following examples are included in this chapter: Example 1.1.1: Braced portal frame Example 1.1.2: Purlin treated as continuous beam Example 1.1.3: Single storey frame without crane girder Example 1.1.4: Crane girder Example 1.1.5: Single storey frame with a crane girder*(,) unjoo uy Buipeo; pum JO Paya ay} SjoBJa}UNOD peo] Peap jo aya ay) ‘papeau ae sanjea onsuayeseyo uBisap uonepundg; Joy ‘uBisep ayejd aseq JO} papaau s} soso} UONJee) WNWwixew ay! ‘uonoas -|p awWes ay) U! pajualJo si Buipeo jo Joaye aul “uonoal -IP BWES ay} U! pajuevO s! 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BY} JO UONEUIWWE}Ep ay} JO4 saya uoNepedwi ON $2010} esaye| WO JUsPUEdepuU! ase saoJ0) BulyeIg Jayja6o} Jor UBD SpeO] jeaYyM PUE SedJ0} [B9}E7 aay pepnjou! s! enBiye} ON Aseyuswiw0 @0UaJ0j0y N41 e'82 - = e'ZE- Sip = "ye N¥ 8'ZE - = OCL*Z'bePl'O°0S'l - d N4S'r = O'9*0'z*Sze'O"0'L :6 (as't + 6o'L) yoddns pus ayy ye yidn wnwixeW Jo} UONeUIqUIOD Peo] JUBAS/ay WN p'9L = O'9*EL*bL'O*OS't- = "WW CH WN 8'80Z - = 9'961 - 2'zb - = "SW WNY 9'96L - = O'O*OEL*Z'beFL'Oe0S'L - Nd WN Z'Zb - = ,0'9*O'zeSzt'Orse'l - :6 ((H + d)s‘t + Sse't) yoddns Jsauu! ay) ye JUBWOW LUNWIXeW JO} VOIPEUIqUUOD Peo] JUBAS|OY WN 6'9Z = O'9*EL*Ez'0°0S'| = "W CH (e) (2) WW) WN Z'6ZE = 6'ZzE + B'9 = "WH WF Wak” WN 6'2ZE = O'9*OEL*Z'L*EZ'0°0S'L id + + WN4 8'9 = ,0'9*0'z*E0z0'0"SE'L 6 d ((H + dst + Bse'L) (¢) yoddns ye aos0} uoNoeas KEW pUE JUaWOW Ueds-pilW XBW JO} UONBUIGWIOD peo] JUBAS|eY yoyeys ees ueds-piw je UOnIsod peo} ve UOHBOYUOA O}eYS PW] SFEWIIN JO) SUOFEUIGQWIOD peo] JUBAZIOY ‘€ N4YSL =7 saq10y Buyerg (oye ‘BuiGins ‘Buiqqeso 0} anp sadJo} jevere] ) NY EL = H 19010} [RJOJE] (uonejnojes Jo Ajesnd) z'L = 4! jua}oWje00 ojWeUAp & Aq peseesoU! eq IsNW Sspeo] jaa4yM NHOfL =d peo] |eaym w/N¥O'2 = 6 sueuewed suondwnsse peroy z W OO'E = eseq jeeyum 4 ot (weaq-ueds om) sapsj6 euesd uopjeunByuoo peo; pue weyshs Lk 2380 sep4j6 euesd :p",", ajdwexy uoneynajeD ‘Yyd}exS ‘wsa]qoldAsewuswuwos) 89U819j9H OL Hs't + 6se'L sepaj6 auess 04 sejnoipuedied +H +d + S)se'L saps auess 0} jajjesed weyshs Bujseiq oy} ye paljdde aq ysnw yoiym seos9j jeyUOZJJOY @Y4) Bujujwsejep 40) UONBUIqWIOD Peo] jUBAa|aY N4ZLE = Eleg'teos't = "A cH N41 S'p8E = b'PZe + L'OL = "A ——~ WZ N4 PPLE = OEL*Z'bO9'L*OS'L id tat N4 LOL = O'9*0'z*Sz9'Orse'l :6 ((H + d)s‘t + Sse't) (z) yoddns je aos0) seays KEW JO) UONBUIGWIOD PEO) JUBAS|aY yoyexs ees yioddns sauu! ye UoNsod peo} NAS'SE = CLeze'teos': = "FY cH N4Z'9pP = 6'Stb + C'0z = "y —— FZ HA NA 6'S2 = OEL*Z'b+ZB'L+OS'L id 4 N41 €'0% = O'9°0'Z*Sz'Lese'L :6 ((H + d)s't + Bse'L) (z) yoddns ye eos) uoNdee) XeW JO} UOHBUIGWOD peo] URASIaY yoyeys aes woddns seuu! je UoNIsod peo7 uoneynajeD ‘yo}eXS ‘Wwelqold re ee ceLL VR nyt N4 Opp = Py “suojoey Ajayes pened Nx 09 = "S "ty ym paydnujnusy Apeaije ase sapyi6 auesd jo speo7 (yeoman) sapsi6 eueso Woy peo) yoddns >4 lA w/N 24 = 7 oe w/N¥ O'L = a) zm w/N¥ O'L = 7M w/N4 6'L = 'm apis 49] Wo} pUIM sTI[TITITITiritit w/NYS'p = § :MOUS Wort *WU@LWa]a YRS JO} UONEU]GWOD peo JUBARIA! BUY ino Bulpuy Jo} O', = 74 uM sjuewow pue seo} w/N O'e = 6 queuRWwed jewaju) ey) Buyujwwayep Jo) Asoau; Japso ysuy Busy sJUaWOW Jo UONNG!Is|p pue UoOHeunByuos peo? “Zz O&r e4 sepes6 jea1S “ 009 dl :(€) pue (z) wee oe ¥ O0r 3H :(p) pue (1) uunjoo waysks L Jap4j6 ouess & Buypnjou; ewes Aoioys oj6uys :g°p", ajdwexy Aseyuawwos eoual9jey uoneinoje ‘yo}exS ‘wWelqold“‘paJapisuod eq |jeys sUuOHoePedw! JequUaW Palin} S| VOID S14} 4] Psy ‘o<¥ Hy} 2o<2 UOJ OY} YIM [(p)'z'p'2"s] payoajGau aq Aew suonsepeduuyy Jaq -Wwaw Jayyeym paxoayo aq JSNW }! SUWN|OS el} JO4 *pesepisuoo s| Mous pur yYyBjem-jjas Ajuo suo} -oapeduu| ABMs elu! ay} JO UOEUILUE}EP a4} JOS Zye Py wew - § pue p ‘¢ ye Sy Kew - (p) uwnjos ye Py ew - 18}98) -yo Guymojjo} ey} 0} Spee] UOHEUIQUIOD Ped] S/4) Aseyuswwog [p'2's asn6i5) ig's aiqeL [e'v'2's] 9S BGR ‘SLES (2'b'2's) ‘2"1-2's ((s)'1-ee"2] ‘Le BIgeL eouelejoy el NA LL = 002/Z'412 = de® = '4 N¥ 2'Z1z = O'SEL + 1'%8 = J NX 9'SEL = Z*2'Sps0S'L = “SAq :s 0} anp NY L'z@ = zep'Oesse'l = aq :6 0} anp '4 saouoy peyuoZoY yusjeainbg 00z/1 = (€O3-3 u! 9°S a1qe} Bas) “ayy = O — t=u!g =*ue- suonoojodw Aems jeiiuy oy) jo UOeU]Wa}eg Re ry + Py + (s + 6) Ge'L speo] oueso Bulpnjou! mous + yuaueued Ve UONIJJOA BPEYS PW] BJEWIN JO) SUONBUIGWIOD PEO] JUBAG/aY ‘€ sol, sof 4 we cg , st st < p'8z = /P "M = wenn iy = wy L SSE|O +—-- z'99 = 922 > p82 = 9'S/6S1 = 1/P p my 148M + | sseja ——- z'6 = 901 > 6'S = $'8/0S = 1/9 eBuely At 4 Z6'0 = 3 + OEP a4 SONI SSOUHDIYI-O}-UIPIM EZ €'SS ess Puig) Purdy ess ess w/N¥ L6'ZL = °b xew 00Z 3dI 10) UONNgINsip puswow Bujpueq onseid 72 (ww ,OL*1Lze = ") 002 Jdi :uesoyo —-- S£2-999'Lh *J-999'h 4 ae 4 WW OL 600 EFT 096Z) MA. g.%b z= ™M sjsAyeue jeqoj6 onsejd 1'z S]USWOW PUR SedJ0) JEUJO}U] JO UOPBUWIE}9q ‘Z 0 09 9 er WAAR ad! wyaeu="oT LETT TT TIT TTT rit Trt tiitit Py wayshs “1 (onseid - onsejd) weeq smonuguog :1 "Zz", ajdwexy uonenajey ‘yd}eHNS ‘WI/qOldPemole $! %S} JO UORNG|js|pPel —— %e'oL S “XK — (x + L)*2'6p = (x - 1)*69 Uo; -nquisipes Wwnwixew jo uoNeWyse eaew)xoddy “SUOIDES-SSOJO Z SSB/D JO | SSeID eABY SJeqWEWW ey) PUR (%S} JENbe enjeA wnwprew) Jequiew Aue ul jueWwoW pe}Ejnojeo yeed ey} Jo UoLNqUysIpal Aq pay|pow ee $}sAj -eue jeqo|6 onseje Guisn peyejnojeo spuewow ey) Aseyuewwos) [9°v's] ‘ees [he's a1geL ‘e’s] ‘O'S a19e1 [(e)'eL-2's) eoueJejoy OL WN 2'8S > WN L'bS = P'Ol*zr'O + Z'6r WN v'OL = 0'69*SL'0 pauinbas s! uoeoyeA Buljyong seays OU —-- S'€9 = 969 > O'0E = 1/p NA = "aa iy = Wy ee “ F ‘ p ry Z'99 = 322 > O'0E = 6'S/zz1 = /P 4 [daa + 2'6 = 201 > O'9 = 2'6/SS = 1/9 — :aBuely 2 4 26'0 = 2 —-- Ofp a4 SONNEI SSOUAIIYI-O}-YIPIM ZZ (ww .Olesez = “M) O22 3di ‘uasoyo +—-- A ell <0} 9'vE2 = DIT So . ara = EM 4S 9S 1 Lez Lez 701 * £85 om ces UONNQISIPas Jaye JUBWOW ZL 'Z 6% L697 Sez sez . 097 . 0'69 069 UONNgG!jS|pas BioJoq JUBWOW 1°1'Z sjsAyeue jeqo6 onsely |Z S}UQBWOW pUe SedJ0) JEUJE}U] JO UOMEU]WIa}9Qq *Z | ajdwexe ves wayshs "| syuaWoW Jo UORNGUIS|pas paywy] YM (oNseld - oNseja) Weeq snonuQUOD :z'Z"| ajdwexy uoneinajed ‘yd}eHS ‘Ws|qosd(9'r's] ‘e'e's [he's eiqeL ‘e’s] ‘O1's e1qeL Aseyuawwoyg B9UdJBjayY Zt pasinbay si uoneayuen Buryyong seays ou +—-- S'e9 = 969 > Of = /P May = "AR ly = Ny p . Z'99 = ZZ > OF = 6'S/ZZ1 = VP ‘ :q9M 2'6 = 901 > 0'9 = 2'6/SS = 1/9 rH I :eBuely ? + 26'0 = > +—~ OEb e4 SOME SSOUHSIYI-OL-UIPIM ZZ (ww ,01*sez = “A) Ozz 3d} :uasoyo —~ K ‘ - sl2 - 4 ) t64 C67 Sez Sez : 097 , 069 069 :UORNGIISIP JUBWOW sjsAjeue jeqoj6 onseyy L'z S]JU9WOW PUB S82J0} [BUJEU] JO UONEUJWIE}2Q “Z | ajdwexe sas wayshs ‘1 syUaWoUW Jo UORNGIS|ped jNoYYM (oAseId - ONseje) Weeq snonunUCD :¢°z*, ajdwexy uoneinajeD ‘yd}eHxS ‘We|qdldAueyuswwo (9'v's) ‘ees [e's eiqeL ‘€’s] ‘LES e1qey eousl8jay 8 pauinbas si uonedyuen Buljyong seays ou -—-- S'€9 = 969 > 9'0E = 1/p Pa = "Ml = Ay 5 - Z'99 = 922 > 9'0E = 2'9/061 = 1/p + "8M 2'6 = 901 > 1'9 = 8'6/0'09 = 1/0 mH T seBuely + 26'0 = > + Op e4 SOEs SSOUXIIYI-O1-YIPLM Z'Z (wus .OL*pze = "M) Ope Sd :uasoyo —-- A ww .or-o'vz = ——#4@__ - _ 4 2» ell Ob O92 = OTT L069 A Py M 69 , U6” SEZ SEZ : 0” 069 0'69 sjsAjeue yeqoj6 oyse|3 ‘Zz SJUGBWOW pUe $8210) [BUJA}U] JO UONPU]WIa}0Q ‘Z L @jdwexe ves wiayshs *} (onseje - onseje) weeq snonunuod :p°z"1 ajdwexy uoneinojey ‘yoexS ‘Welqold1.3 Frame analysis The first example demonstrates the application of the criterion “sway - non sway” and how the second order effects in the sway mode are included using first order analysis with amplified sway moments. The second example demonstrate how frame imperfections are determined. The further steps of design are not treated in this part. The following examples are included in this chapter: Example 1.3.1: Calculation of a sway frame Example 1.3.2: Determination of frame imperfections 19Sz-'O = o1t/e'et = ‘W/W 70494 WN4 8'EL = 000S/S‘re-008es'z = “W uonese}! suy Joye JUaWOW aBpe “W Bulpeo] jeojewnue 0} anp yuawow aBpe '; Bupeo) jeoyyewwAs 0} anp juawow eBpe “W (W/W - L/W + OW = (‘ysu09 = W/WY dais vonesey! yoea sayy :JUeWalnbey) Ww Hou WY AK? ‘(pepesu ae sdajs uonesay! Zz Ajjewson) pesn oq Aew ((¢)z'S'2's ul pauonuew) poyyew - W/WY eu) Ajeayeweyfy ‘oye ‘swayshs Buroeig ‘sew -BJ} SB SBINJONS JO} pasn aq pinoys Aoeyy Jepso puooces uayM UoHeoIpu! ue saaiG VOLE SIy) ‘yunoodoe O}U! Uae} ae SUOnO@PedW] JO Saye ey) UONeyep ey} Jo UONE|ND|eO Uy Uy 0'8 Ol-Oz6rl + aa -y cle?" Os \orozize ” yy ISISAJPUE SWI} JO} JUR}SUCD suonsepedu! jo syeye ey} JUNCD -o8 oyu! Buyey sisAyeue jeqo/6 ay) ul peulweyep eq Ajjesoue6 Aew sjuewow pure seoJo) jeusesu! oul “‘Bulpeo) ey) Ul pepnjoul s| SUONOB JO} JOJOR} Ajayes yeled oul Aaeyuswwoy ((p)'z's'2's] v's aqel [e'r2's] 9's aIqe1 Zeezs eousseajeyY 02 Aems se paijissejo $s} owes) 84} +—-- . wee OS HEY b'O < S2L'O 009 ;.0lS'be AX 8 (peo) Uonoepedw juajeainba ayy Bulpnjoul) NX pe = HS N¥ 008 = Ag Aems-uou - Aems uoyeqyd “bp sul, suf oo) vox) wy y we = yvLOE WSz‘g = 7 :UWN]OD Jo epow Aems-uoU 30} yyBue; Buyyong WW S'Pe = 9 :ABIO}S BY} JO UONOe\jep je}UOZOH on ‘OL UN ry Yyoyexs ees ‘UOHNQISIP JUBWOY) N4¥S'Zzz = "SA :weeq ey} UI (p) JUIOd Je 69/0) Jeays WUNLIKE| NA S'Zzp = "8N ——:(ZQ) UUN|OO UI UO|sseJdwOd jeIxe UNLUKeEY Bulpeo} Bulpeo| J9PsO ,,| 0} oNp s}UsWOW pUE S8d10j |BUJO}U] *E yeoujewyue feowjyewwAs N40'p = 002/008 = '3 00z/t = & N4 008 = 8*0S + O0¢*z = 4 suonoepeduy ewes ‘Z 0S 3d 7 € 002 002 Bujpeo] pue wayshs *) owes Aems & jo uopeingey :4°¢", ajdwexy uonenajeD ‘yo}exS ‘Wa|qoldHY Ace! Tr yoy Buymoyjo} ey; Aq way) BulAjdyinw Aq peseeiouy eq pjnoys sisAjeue onseje Japso ysuy Aq puno} sjuaWOW pUe sedJ0}) ;eUJe}U! Aems ay} poyjow juawow Aems pey!idwe ey) Uj Asequewwosy le pauinbad s} uolssaidwoo jeixe - Buipuaq uoyoese}u! —--- NH PLE = S'ZZeph'h + OOb > NY L‘6SL = ,Ole(L'bez)/SezeOrezzs = ““42/“pp N4z'089 = ™NSZ'‘O “ bh =< oma Pu ‘ N¥ 60252 = Ob Sezai hy N :uwnjod [b'p’s] L'e's uolssasdwioo jeixy pS painbas si seays - Buipuaq uoyoesayu! ou —-- NX Q'Eb = O'@ZerL'L + S'8L < NX E'OSL = “AS‘O / ibe) Wh BA bu. NX L'0Ze = ¢-Ob cee oroee Vy A cuwnjo pasinba: si seays - Buipueq uonoeseyu) OU +—-- N¥ pLEZ = S'ZZ*pL'L + 002 < NX ZOE = “AS‘O . hes meh ; Ny P'?SZ = 5-01 Sez ol 019 ay = PUA iweeg (9'p's] Eve's UONIGS-SSOID OY] JO BOURYSISe/ JEAYS C'S WN IpZz = 0b De-,0l-e8z1 = wh Hy = Pay r sez © ar (s‘p's] ‘z'e’s @oUk}s|se/ JUBWOW 2S NA Q'Eb = 2Zepl'h + S'BL = A N4 p'LeZ = S'2zeph't + O'00Z = "A N4 b'bep = S'ZZePh'l + O'00r = **, ww Zoy}— WN 81Z = Obbeps'h + 9'Z6 = "LW HY _ (saindwoos Aq uojejnojeo) uoNNquisip juUaWwoy) :Uos}uedWwos 404 phi = #210 _} = ASt xe =2 b [z9°2's] syuaWOW puke Saol0j peUJa,U| |S fe Vez’s syuswow Aems pay!jdwe yy Asoayy sapio 1 Buysn uoneoyya, “Ss uonenajey ‘YyojaHS ‘Wselqold eouesejay‘uBisep Jequew Jo) pasn eq Aew epow Aems-uou ey} Jo} syy6ue) Gulj49nq euejd-u! ‘pasn s! sisAjeue jeqoj6 oyseja Jepso pucoes UeYY Aaeyuewwoy [(e) 292s ‘VS's] ‘z's [6'p's] ‘v'e's eouasajay ce on bh ‘A sag wh e8zt = mM PAlIINY Ss! YO@YO Siu | > 86'0 = Ol “Seizeqgy * 880" ete SOO'L = 4 ——-S'L > SOO'L = L'L/eal‘orezo'o + 4 = L/ur-4 6'0 > 820'0- = 911'0 + (b- 8'Lez) 96'0 = 9 + (b- “Bz)" = 7 QLL'O = L- ,OL*OSLI/,Oleegzt = 1 -"M/"M = ? e€et'o = e'psez/o'rer = N/*SN = U O'Ler < NX e'pSeZ = _-Ob rt -6£€6'0 = ae 9% = PHI mI e-Ob SezcOl- ert rv 6ee6'0 = °X +—- q avuno Burpyong Buysn 6'66 Zhb ‘vd ear t | ~oreee 1? gO = e'| = "g — vonnqisip juawow ay} wol4 w g6'€ = 2 :uWNjOS jo y)Bua Bulpyong UWN|OS ey} Jo soUe}s|sal JOqWaW 9S . ; ; . se yy, ( 8.0282 ce oatyy (EN — WN O'8bZ=F1h'L-ObL + 9°26 < WNY Z'2S2 = b'PZe- Sizp be bb = Wipe - bP bbb = | N uojssesdwos jeyxe - Bujpueq UopoesezU] S°S UOHE|NIED ‘YDS “We|qoldAseyuswiwo’) lev'e's] weees (e'r'2's] ‘weees 99USJ3jJ9yH ee *U UI PapnjouU! ase SULUNIOD |Je JOJaJaU} ‘NH O'EGL UEUY JaYBIY si JOOY siy) ye ULUN|OD YoRa jo 89s} JeEIxe aU N4 9'6L = v/L'6PSL9S'O = b/Aqes'O = nes'0 suWN|Od Jed ,89J0} UO}IBaJ UBSW, 34) JO J/EH N4 L'6pSi = O'e*O'St*[S + O'OL + S'p + O'S) *SEL = “Ag 400 bk OS °U Ul PapNjoU ase SULUN|OD |je BOJQI94) ‘N¥ 9'ZOE UEYI JaYyBiy s! JOOY SIU) ye UWNjOD YoORS Jo a0J0j jeIKe ayy NX 9'20€ = b/p'09re*S'0 = b/*AZ*S'O = “AsS'0 SUWN|OD Jed ,@90) UONDBe/ UBAWW, al} JO j/eH N4 p'09bZ = O'e*0'SLe[(S + O'OL)*z + S'p + O'9JeSEL = SA 400) punouy L°1'Z Aasoys sod uoyoeed [BONW9A [e}OL |Z (s + d + 6) Se‘, eseo peoy ay) 10) suonoejsoduy ayy yo UONeUUe}aQq “Z cud Os nal sil 00'St wf w/NAS'b = s w/N40'S = d w/N4¥ O'OL = a) w/N10'9 = ‘6 Gujpeo| pue wayshs *1 suopoapeduy owed Jo uoeUujUaeg :z"E", ajdwexy uonenajed ‘Yd}eHS ‘Wwsaj/qoldbe ~ G N46'2 = Sie/e'Lie = "5 N46'Z = SLE/e'LL6 = “9 N4O'2 = Ste/e'ze9 = ™'y a sie/t = ® (€93-3 U! 9's 9/qGe) Bas) "AH = & — €="u!p = "ue “UU! Pepnjou! ese aojeJeu) pue sAoJO}s |e YBnosy) Pus|xe SULUNIOD |Iy uonoepedw Aems jepju) ey) jo UOPeU;Ws9}0g Z7°Z °U Ul PapnpoU! ese SULUNIOD [je alojaJEYy) ‘NY Z'6Z UEY) JeYyBiY S| JOO S1y} ye ULUNJOD YORe jo eoJ0 eI @YL NH Z'62 = b/6'Ze9"S'O = b/aces'o = "Aes'0 SULUN|OD Jad ,adJ0) UO!}IVe/ URW, aUy JO JIEH N4 6'ZE9 = O'e*0'Sie[S'p + O'g]*Se'l = "AT le'vz's) zEee's 4004) 2 EVE Aseyuewwoy eoualajay uonenajeyD ‘yod}eHxS ‘We|qold1.4 Bracing system analysis The first three examples demonstrate the application of the criterion “braced - unbraced". The fourth example demonstrates how bracing imperfections are determined. The further steps of design are not treated in this part. The following examples are included in this chapter: Example 1.4.1: A frame is braced by a bracing system Example 1.4.2: A frame is braced by a frame Example 1.4.3: A frame is braced by a bracing system Example 1.4.4: Bracing system imperfections for a wind bracing 25“OWE OY} JO SSOUYNS OY} UY) Jayees6 saw g ysea] je Ss} WaysAs Buloeg eyy jo SSOUYNS OY} J! PsdBIq se payissejo eq ABW owey y ‘eouR|sise/ juRoIIUBIsu! sey euCBeIp UoIssesdwoo 84} @dUIS) SSeUyNS WajsAs eu) a}E/ND/e9 0} pesn S| UOlsua} U! Papeo) jeuCBeIp Bulsesq ey) AjuD “Ayjeseyey peyoddns A\jny se payees} oq Aew ewes peowig y ‘ABMS SB Palj|SSE}O eq PjNod jjasy Weyshs Bujoeq @y) yeU) a]qssod $s] 1] JeAeMoH “(We}sAs BujoRIq eu) Ajuo Gunoaye se poyeosy ove ewes peowiq uo payjdde suonoapedwy Aems jenjul ey} snid speo} yeyuozvoy Aue ‘e'|) peejsuey ave speo| jejuozZy -OY BY} @INJONJS-qns JO euNjonsjs B JO Wed YoIYM OF uonesipul ue seai6 peseiqun - pasesg uoVe}s9 ey! Aueyuawwo0sy 92 bt, J S800) [EJUOZOY BY) YIM pajoalqns si wayshs Guloesq ey} pue peoesg se PaJap|suco aq Aew awes ay) avaym swajsAs-qns oyu! payesedas 10 wajsAs enbiun e se payejnajeo eq ued WaysAS panulUOd ay} +—-- S < Z0'€L = O'z211/oeest = “s/s lesz's) ©sS age1 ‘e7s UOHaND “by cag W/NY SEES) = T = Ss . 29'9Z80O «997 800- 01-Z'01- 000012 NW S90000'0 = ,01- vo Fi 9 ® Va 3 = : << iN WN er 3 waysks Bujoesg oy) jo SSOUYNS “EC g w/NA S'ZZbL = 7 = “4s ju ' Ol OE LEZ: 000012: & . yO OOZSP- 000012: € N4/W S8000'0 = ,0L-2- — wreaz 2 e0h-a- —“‘oss2. g @ co = yy :uondwnssy xp 13 = gk oa ~ . /W W sz ts ewes ay} Jo SSOUNNS "Z ge ¢ sspeuoBeip OOP S3dl “weeq tos.) ee 3 —wa Vv 02) 3H Z uwNjoo 5 . V 02} 3H z} UuNjoo sweyshs Buiesg 00 Sadi “weeq ” 007 3d oad! 00S Sdi “UWUN}OD rewely wayshs *} wayshs Bujoesg & Aq poowiq s] owey Y 5) "p") ajdwexy soUsJIjJ9yH uonjejnajed ‘yd}OxS ‘wa|qold"S@D/0} JEJUOZLOY Uy 3S/S@/ 0) peuBisep s} YoIYM Z’eWeY ay} pUE padesq SB Pelepisuce eq ABW | ewe) ey) eleym sowey -Qns oju) peyesedes eq Aew wayshs panujuos ey, “| @uUey Oy} JO SseU “Ns ey} UeYy Joyee6 sa ¢ S| Z’eWeL Jo sseU -HNS ely j! paedeiq se peyssejo eq Aew jewels “speo| JeyOZHOY |/e yS|Se1 0} WHS AjUsIoWsNs S| y Ey wajsAs Bujowq & se pewnsse oq Aew owey y Aseyuewwoy Zé Zawey prewey H paceiq se polepisuoo aq Aew jewel —-- [e's'z's) rises < 62'S = 6'S8/pSp = b™S/P NS eS e1qe] ‘E°z's uouayiD ‘p g w/NA O'PSP = 7 = zug w . 0108026: 000012: & ,01- 0026S: 000012: NA/W 2Z00'0 = Ol ——Gopagig = HZ “Dorcas oo = WW :uondwnssy xp 13 =Q bt = . iW W os bad Z'OWE BU} JO SSBUYNS “€ g w/NA 6'S8 = + = pws yOL- OLZLL- O000L2-€ yOb-0SP01- 000012: € NA/W QLLO'O = ,Ol-2- 09-05 + gOl-2: ors = 9 oo = Wy cuondwnssy xp 14 =QR <_ — /WW 0s led [awed ey) Jo SSAUYNS ‘Z zg ewesy jawed rrr t wnt, 009 3Sdi = -Weeq Ss W 00€ 3H :uwnjoo 2 ewes OCE Sdi = :weaq y¥09¢ 3H = ‘uwnjoo tL ewes 0093¢1 EE 31 wayshg "4 ewey & Aq paoeiq s| owed y :z*p | ajdwiexy uoHeinajeg “Yyo}exS ‘wWa|qold aoueJejeH"S8QI0) JeyuoZVOY sy) Isise/ 0} peuBisep s} Weishs Bujoesq eu) pue pacesg se paseprsuca eq Aew ewes oy) “@lWRJ} OY} JO SSOUYNS oY) UBYY JayeeI5 SOI} G jsbO] Je S| WaysAs BujoBq @4) JO SSeU -HNS ey) }! paokq se paylssejo eq Aew ewe ay) *(peuaysues eq UBD $edJ0} UOIS -saJdWOd a} Je} YONS Peo} eq ysnw sjeucBeEIp @y} JO SUONO@UUOD ay) PaJaplsuos ese sjeucBeIp Ujoq ssauyns - waysAs ay} Jo UOHEINO/e9 aU) 104 Asequewwoy 82 [e's'2's) e's eIge, ‘ez'S peorig Se pelepsucd eq pjnos awe ey) +—- —-+ S < g'€l = 9'e6z/e'esor = “S/S H UOHAIND ‘b 9 win e'esor = 7 = 7S vOL-OELEZ-OO00IZ-E ,O1- OELEZ-000012-& + N4/W L?9PZ000'0 = gOL-2-S'2- 266° g01-2-0'S- £81 201'S'P8-00001Z 201 S*r2- 000012 201 Z'E1- 000012 . 20L- S'r8- 000012 7 + TT. an FO Tan: * 2 o aele nen “i 2 aa aaa 20l-0S-25°0 s0l-05 p0l-2 Per 6: P60 eOh-2-0'8- 2220 13 v3 Pwns” P?iNN/”* waysks Bujoeiq oy} JO SSOUNS "C ‘ g V w/NA 8'66z = 7 = 's ju ' ,Ol- O€LEZ- O000L2- & yOl- OF LEZ 000012: € = ‘co 4 + ‘oc’ _——5 ran = N4/W E000 ole ——"“ srr ela 08 0P Q ya: 13 Vir. <_ com ya vondunssy xP ag fo Py J eI G ied OWE OY} JO SSOUNS 7 " 00st ye ” 00°St ‘ OZ Sdi :seuo6eiq vg | 023d! 00% adi 00+ 3d! :weeq 90 OOF Sd tuwnjoo = : waysAs Bujoeg 00% Sdi sweeq 00% 3d! 00%3dI OOP Sdi tuuunjoo ‘ewe i Ke 5 < waysks *|} wa}shs Bujoesg & Aq pooeig s] ewey y rep") a}dwexy sousl9joy uonenayey ‘YydJeHXS ‘WselqoldSUONSaPedW! eu! ay) JO S}JOaye ayy - $90bJq }! YOIyM Sew -BJ} 84) 0} paljdde speo) jeyuoZz0Y Aue - wa}shs Bujoeg ayy uo Ajoasip parjdde speo Aue - [(9)'e's'2's] jsisa) 0) pauBisep aq 0} sey wajsAs Guloesq aul wee ey) jo Yidep - Y sg‘, = 4k Aueyuaswiwos [s'2's asn6i4) a's aiqey (s'z°s eun614) ‘e's ajqey [p'p'2's] 8's eqe) ‘2's eqey ‘Weees [(€)'p'p'2's) 8's e1ge) BOUdIBJOH 62 0002/7 = ww ol > ww s'6 = 9 — NAZEL = 2/"8*g = 'q N4 b'9z = b/Oz*(O'E + 82'Z) = *g M + bg Woy speo) jaued juajeainby -- => + m + bg ae Bursesq pum ay) Uo paydde sped) je}o} ayy wayshs Bursesq ayy jo ¢ UONEWOJap ay) jo UONeUIWIE}EQq “Py Winn 822 * sogig oF "> S “to tt we COO TT} by aouoy Bulzyiqeys yuajeainb3 — N4OOLE = Sézey = NG O'L = J —- (sjaued yo saquinu) sg = “u (paureyse) aq 0} sJequuew jo Jequwinu) =p = ‘U Wun —_— 0002/1 UeY} Jamo] si 9 UONDSeyeP je}O) ay) :UONdWNssy suonssjiedwy wayshs Buloeiq ayy yo UoNeUIWa}ag “ft a) PS M eS ‘nN on N4S2zZ = v'0/OLle = U/S~W = ™N :wayshs Buloeg ay) uo paijdde aoJo) jexy WN OLE = "SW wW/N4O'E = O'ZeS'L = M sy —wsygh say ose J001 @Y} JO UONDa[o1g Buypeo7 *z Burseq OOr Sdi Zz puoyo Vv 021 3H th puoug Sx0Px09 11 syeuoBeig :Bulowg 00+ Sdi ssweeq 00S Sdi suwWNjOD sees wayshs *| Gujoeig pul & 10) SUOHoajJodwy Wajshs Bujseig pp’, ajduexg uoneingjen ‘YyojeHs ‘WwelqoldPart 2 Members in compression Members in bending Combined loading - Bending and compression Local stresses 302.1 Members in compression These examples demonstrate the verification of members in compression assuming design values of action effects (N,,) which have been calculated by an analysis of the structure and these values already include y, y, etc. The results presented in the examples are rounded values. For the purpose of easy re-calculation each formula and each check is calculated with the rounded values. The following examples are included in this chapter: Example 2.1.1: Example 2.1.2: Example 2.1.3: Example 2.1.4: Example 2.1.5: Circular hollow section as a column HEB profile as column Cold formed RHS as a strut of a lattice girder Angle as a strut of a lattice girder Cold formed RHS (class 4 cross-section) 31¥ xipuaddy ul sajqe} 9as ‘X yo uoNeUIWe}Eg “*sBulpeo} OU) ISIS8) 0} BANO9Ye S! UONDeS-ssOJD BJOYM eUL »Paj}OJ OU, S! .PaysiUyy JOU, JO} pasn ¢ eposo/Ny u! Bulpsom eyL Asequawwod (e's's e1qey ‘1'S°s) b2's eGR L ‘zP'S [he's e1qeL ‘e’s] ‘6S 819F1 ‘LES BIUSIBJ98yY 2 Lh uy | = — ‘oO= X= PuS NA 009 < NY 6'009 = Ol coop ppg BLz8'0 = 2 N €226'0 = "X —-- 8 evino Burjyong Buysn _, . S86 _6'SL ‘I Sr'O= “TV prose bat wos'eé =? :yy6ua] Buypyong eoue}s|sol JOQWweW Z's +cat oy v= | 06 = ,906 > Z'8h = S'b/L'6Lz = 1/p sa O'L = > —— 096 a4 ONes SSOUHD/Y}-O}-J9}OWRIG LC 2 SOUR}S/SO/ OY) JO UONEUIWI9}0Q “E “ w 3| (8 N4 009 = "Ny 190J0) UOIssesdWOD S Bujpeo) °z * . WoOS'é =? = yrGue| Bulpjong = yyBue| wayshg O9€ e4 repes6 jaa} Paysiuy yoy S'p X L'61Z SHO ‘uWN|OD PS wayshg *1 UWNJOI B SB UONIeS MO}oY seINIID 24 °,°Z ajdwexy uonenajey ‘yojyays ‘walqoidy xipueddy ul sajqey aas ‘X yo uoeulUe}eq y xipueddy uy sejqe} eas ‘X jo uoeUsLWJ9}e8q ‘syyGue) eajoaye eyeldosdde yim Uolses ay} JO sexe jedioulid om) ay} 0} Bujpsoooe pexseyo @q 0} spaeu sJaquaw Uo|ssesdWwod jo Ajiiqeis ay, ‘sBulpeo] OU} JSIS@J O} GANOBYS S$} UONO@S-SSOJO BjOYUM OY i— _—? OOOE — 0009 ‘[L'z"g xeuuy] uondwnsse ejdwis & uo peseq s} ujGue; Bupjong ey) jo UoHeUlWeJep ey) Asequewiwoy (ess aiqey ‘4°S'S) 12's age) ‘2"p's [e's's eiqe, ‘1'S'S) 12'S @IGRL ‘z'p's [he's e1qeL ‘e’s] ‘6S eIGEL ‘LES eouasejoHY ee Mh Nh oy Bu = a ‘o= 7X 2 Poa N4 0062 < N4 9'9062 = ¢-0b coz) py HELE = x N LEL6'O = °X —-- 9 anuno Buljy9nq Gursn jeg = 886, 8 _ A Lt, 0-92 1 4 = wyp9'z = 9 = :yy6ua) Bulyong s|xe yeam ayy ynoge Buljyong z7'e BOUR}SISAl IBQWaW ZC N4 0062 < N¥ 9'600€ = ¢-OL ut -SSr6'0 = mn ay = PH ent See 201 6Pb ay gsp6'0 = °X —-- q anno Buijyong Buisn ‘ 686 of eX , se'0 = Pre'O 1 prop 14 x woz'p = 4 :yy6ua; Buljyong sjxe Buows euy ynoge Buyjyong 4°z'€ @OUR}s|Sol JEqWaYW Zz v= My ==> - zy = p> eel = ii/eoz= WP: 802 [3A abe e SL = 9G > 6'Z = 61/0S1 = 1/9 ebuel Fee 61 OL sje ose a4 ONes SSBUyxDIYI-OF-UIPIM LE @QUE}SISA/ OY} JO UONEU]WIA}EG *E N»4 0062 = °N {@d10} UOISSaIdWOD) Buipeo? ‘z W 99'z = W O'e*e8'0 = 7 woz'p = Wo'gez'0 = 9 :ysGua) Buyyong wo'9=7 :yj6ua] WayshS O9E @4 rapesB jaays 9 O0€ 3H :uwNjoD uolneynajey ‘YydjeHS ‘Wslqoid wajyshg *} uwnjoo se ajyoud @3H :Z"1°Z a}dwexyy xipueddy u! sajqe) aes 'X jo uoNeUIWe}ag .06 JO Spuaq » = U Bunjos pjoo sop 2 = ¥ jeeyew oiseq yo yjBuays pjeiA = “4 A yGuens pjeiA eBesene = “y y xlpueddy u) sajqe} ees 'X jo UONeUILWUE}Eg ‘sjoaye Arepuodes jo vonnquy “SIPaJ JO asneoaq Asessedeu s| Z ssejD ‘sBuipeo| @U} ISISAJ 0} BAND@ye S} UOIIDES-ssOlD BjOUM eu ‘uBlsep von ~0@UU09 9y} JO Sjoedse jsoo pure jeonoed ay} Buu -BPISUOD BPeEW eq Pinoys eljoud ey) jo BJOYo eUL [(Uonesedaid ul) wy xeuuy) ‘Bulpyong eueld jO JNO puUe U! 10) ]*Gz'0 Se UsHe) oq UBS BuUeyeEy pue Buiddoss jnoyym Jeyawed ey) punoe pepjam s6ujoesq UONoes MO}|OY jo yGue] Buljyong ey Aseyuawwosy (e's's aiqey ‘2S°¢ “Big ‘p'1's's) le's's aiqe g's] 12's e1qe1 ‘z's [he's aiqe, '€’S] ‘6S 81981 ‘LES eaouds98j0y 2ww/N 6082 = (Sez - o9e) == —— + sez = (“4 - %)) a5 ° Ce Lh tA > ‘os « . 4 Oy = bu NY OL < NA L'9L = 0b EoBZ HT Tye SOOO = LY N $e9r'o = °X —-- 9 aasno Buljyong Buisn 6's8 si ‘ez YY . 6'08z "No t prsee bat <~~ 898" Oooorz| * >| ver ;ww/N zez = “yz'h > zww/N oge = “y > Leo Vv wh perl } “y yBuens pjoiA eBeseae oy Buysn Aq uojesypien ovQeuayy LL hg " = a ee ‘9 = 1% = Ps NA OL < NY E'BL = 0b Gozo pg Slus'O = ZT N 6LZS'0 = °X —— q enuno Burjyong Buisn 6's6 Lez Y| vol= —Toreee 17 |< wsz'z =23 :yy6ua) Bulpjong SUE}S/SO/ JOQWOW Z'E y="V BE = 9B > ZZ) = '2/E'1S = VP ww e's = 62-09 = 1 -Gq=Pp OL = 3+— 09F 84 ONEI SSOUHS/UI-OF-YIPIM LC @2UR}S/S0/ OY) JO UONBU]WIEIEQ “¢ cutie’ N4 OZ = SN 19030} uo|ssesdwoD ry / NX Bulpeot ‘z e080 AN weveq wsz7'2 = wo'eesz'o = 7 = :yyGue] Buypjong WO'g=7 :4ysBue] Weyshs O9E 84 sepes6 jeais | pewsoj pjoo 6'Z XO9SHH INNS peutheap Bureq suse worehg 2opyj6 come] @ Jo INNS B SV SHY POWs} PIOD :¢°|'Z ajdwexy uoHeinajeD ‘Yyd}eHS ‘Ws|qold"y xipueddy uy) sejqe) eas ‘X jo uoHeU;We}eq ‘]EONUS SI A SIxe YEEM ey} Noge BuljyoNg ‘sBulpeo} OU} JSISO 0} BAND@Ye S| UOI}O@S-SSOJD BjOYM ey) UeeS'0 > q UeyM ‘ealsjoep AjUO UO}JE]N0 — Sel = 9S > OL = 01/001 = Wy *seseo Yons UJ Pasn oes SseWepuE|s GANSeYe Ue pur pepe/Beu oq Aew UoSeUUCd ey} JO Sel}JoLjUs009 oul “10') se Uexe} s! ejGue ue se Jequiew gem 8 jo UBug] BAnoeye euy (pepjem Jo s}joq Z SEO] Je “Bra) Ayxy eyeydosdde Ajddns suojoeuuos pue ay} pue jujeyses pue eyeydodde Ajddns spoyo ey y Asequewwog le's's eiqeL “4°S's) 12'S e1qeL ‘ZP's (res eigen ‘es] ‘6's aiqey ‘L'e'S BIUGIIJOY Se ih Ly = ee ‘O = PX = Poa NY OOL < NY O'ZLL = Ol Glz-,0l- 26h Svez'o = x—-** N 08"! = 20'%*2'0 + Se'O = “¥Z'0 + Se'0 = *"" -— 9'Ol = 9S'kL > OL = 26'0 = 9 ——— Or 24 SOUE}S/SO/ OU} JO UONBUJWIE}0Qq “E N4 001 = "§N wos'e =7 wos'é = 7 Ot e3 eV Srez'o = °X —-- 9 avuno Buljyong Buisn . . 898 S'6L yo", 0g" TT" orose "Ft wos'e =2 :yy6ua; Buyyong BOUR}SISAs JOQWeYW ZC LA OBI SSOUNINYI-O}-EPIM LE v=" 0z/00z = 12/(4+4) {@Qu0) UOIsseJdWwO7) Bulpeo ip were TT :yBue| Buypjong syyBue; weyshs g sepes6 jeais | O}x0OK7 = oanaAs | L waishs *) 40paj6 eopje] @ jo ynys e& se oGuy y"|"z ajdwexy uoneynajey ‘yd}eHS ‘wslgold“‘UONDaS » SSD JO asneseq '"L jo asn ——— pauinba: $} UONBIUEA UONDeS-SsOJ9 AjuO ‘a"| ‘AURSSedeU $1 Guiyang 10} eauemolje OU Z'D > ¥ JO asNedag ‘yunoooe O}U! Uae} 8g 0} sey y OF "*y Jo ON eUy jnq ‘ssauJapua|s jeEUOISUaWIP-UOU ay} @U/WJaj}ap 0} pesn si uonoes ssou6 ayy yo uoNeJAG jo snipe, ayy *paJepisuoo @q 0} Spaeu juaWwoW |eUONIppe ou Uay} ‘UOIssald “WOO LWJOJUN 0} Oalqns Ss! UONDeS SSOJO BANOAye SY) UBYM SIXe JEPIONUES OY} JO YIYS OU S! JEU) SY s}UaWa|a UO!sseJdWO9 JO} “4 jo siseq ely UO pa} -Binojeo ase seledosd UONOeS-sSOlD BANDOYWe SUL “‘PaUlWWajep oq 0} eAeY semedoid UONDaS-SSO/D BANDAYe eU} esOJQEY4) ‘sGulpeo] ayy }SISOJ O} BANO@Y9 JOU S| UONOES-SSOJD BjOYUM UL Aseyuawwos [1's°s) ‘z's (ze's aiqey ‘se’s] 81'S BIEL ‘SES [Ves age, ‘e’s) ‘6S BIE) ‘L'E'S eousl8jay 9€ ‘ ‘ - a = _ = PHN N} O'00ZE < NY E'Z9ZE = ¢-OL GSE: 201: v2 LOL Py xe go> soyo- MOEA OL Os WAL L= 20> Z8b0° orpzior|° + ~ohoge y| pay t wos'z =? :yy6ue) Buljyong eourjsises Buypyong ¢'¢ WW OL-be'LOL = (80 - 92€)*O'Ber - ,OLeezL = (P-ghp-y = "V WW 80 = O0r*ZZ'0 = Qed = "’p d 210' zt ‘at tat ‘o- = - =d 40° Fo- BIO! ZO - *¥ wi . . _ 8'99 2g" ’ “yf 2 pez e19'0 < stot = Eepeay = 8 I. =*y !wwgse =ie-q=q "I. €z'l = 9/L + OLS e4 O've = 2Zp < 2p = 0'8/92E = /P ww 9/€ = O'B*E- 00h = 1E-G=Pp 18'0 = 2 + O15 e4 Ofes SSOUYD|YI-O}-UIPIM bE @OUR}S/SE/ BY) JO UONBUIWIE}0Q “f 0052 N» Ooze = "§N 190N0) UOISseJdWOD Bujpeo) ‘z wos'z =? = :yy6ue; Buyyong wos'z =1 :yBue} weyshs OS e4 :epes6 jaejS Peo} Pjoo ‘ O's x OOP SHH veqwew UolsseidWwos Yy jo UONeUTWIE}EQq Z'E 4 PSN weyshs "| (uojses-ssouo p ssej9) SHY Pew) PIOD :G*|°z ajdwexy uoHeNaeD ‘yd}exS ‘Ws|qold2.2 Members in bending Examples 1, 2 and 3 demonstrate the verification of members in bending assuming design values of action effects (V,,, M,,, etc) which are calculated by an analysis of the sub-structure. Example 4 demonstrates the verification of members in bending assuming design values of action effects (V,,, M,,. etc) which have been calculated by an analysis of the structure and these values already include w, y, etc. The results presented in the examples are rounded values. For the purpose of easy re-calculation each formula and each check is calculated with the rounded values. The following examples are included in this chapter: Example 2.2.1: Single span beam Example 2.2.2: Single span beam with lateral torsional buckling Example 2.2.3: Single span beam with shear buckling verification Example 2.2.4: Class 4 cross-section loaded in bending 37‘pajapisuoo aq AjjeWJou Jou paau uoleoyen Bulpyong seays ay} SUO!}Oes paljos JO4 “seiqe} uoIsuawip ayeudosdde Aq @PEW aq PjNOD SUONDaS-SSOJO JO UONEDIJISSE/O ay) ‘UOHOe B|QEUeA @UO Se paJapisuco ase Aayy Jayjo yore Woy juap -uadapu! jou ae g pue d spec] pasodwi ey) souls ‘o78 ‘JOO JO JYBJam ay} SepNjoU! peo] pesg ‘pesn ase sejqe} uo|sueWwIp “oye | “YY 'M ‘") “| semedoid uojses-ssolo ay) Biujweyep Jo4 “syoddns ey) ye pawnsse ae sjuesjseJ [eJa}e7 ‘uonoauuod pauuld Ajjeu -1wou e Aq peyeuuos si sepii6 epis e ueds piw iy Asequawwoy [hes aiqey ‘e’s] O'S aIGeL ‘LES [(s) veez] bz 819k SES woo's =7 Otr e4 99uUaJ3j8y Be pauinbas s| uoeoyuean Guyjyong seays OU —--- S'e9 = 269 > Bly = 3/P a = Henn = My eee p'OZ = 368 > O'Lp = z'OL/9zb = /P [8M LOL = 21L > €'9 = 91/001 = 1/9 :aBuel4 ‘pot 26'0 = > —~ Ofb 84 Sones SSOUXS|YI-O}-UIPIAA LP 5 SOUE]SISA] OY} JO UONEUIWI2}9Q “P 7S9L NA ¥'SbL = zZ/Ze(O's*s't + O'e*Se'L) + Z/OpLeS'E = Y= 7A = N¥ SOL = 2/OpLes't = "a (A) SOL 9S7 Ze WN 2'8eh = b/Z*ObLes'L + 8/,22(O'SeS'L + O'E*Se'L) = SW S}USWOW PUP SBdI0) [BUIOB}U] “€ rw © S@) ld + djes't + Bese't 6 TOLLE EEL 1@SBD PO] SIU] JO UONEUIQWOD PEO] JUBAS|aY d fTLTIIIILLLIIT It N4 Opl = d ‘w/N¥0'S = d :peo| pasodiy| w/N4 O's = 6 :peo| peeg t Bulpeo7 ‘z :yyBue] wejsAs use OSE OSE , sepes6 ees 00S Sdl uepij6 ue 1290 wayshs “4 weeq ueds ajbuls :p-z"z ajdwexy uoneinajed ‘Yyo}exS “Wea|qosd‘ueds ouyy yey s} yyGue] Buyjyonq ey) yoddns feseye| @ sapiaoid yoy Jepsi6 epis 84} 0} eng [9'p's] € 03 Uy UeA!6 eejnwo} eu} Buysn Aq senjea J06s8| sepisuos 0} pemoyje s! } 2UW OOLS = Z'01*00S = “ey = “V Aseyuawwo0s [bp age, ‘Zb'b] Mp 81981 ‘2p [es‘s] ‘e'r's [z'p's] ‘v'e's (9'p's) ‘ees eousl9j0y 6e Pal|iny ase suoepuawwooe Eg 93 —-- OSz/i > O2S/i = Ww EE'z = E60 + PLL = “9 OOe/i > pigs) = ww py) vonsayap Wwnuixey :Speo| pasodwi! 0} anp voNsayaq 101 0028%-000012 gy y0l-00@ay-000012 pee 13 G13 Pee 2, w0b OL OFF p * H0b “or 0g § “gat pb sg ww ¢6'0 = . rl 00z8r- C0001 12 vee . 13 wee SPO] PRap 0} anp uOHoe}}Eq €6'0 = 2,01 LOE 5° abs dO'L + 40°, + 60) :uoNeuiquwos peo; jurvajay uoneayen Ayiqeaaiases °S . 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