Composite Floor Slab

Example: Composite floor slab
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12

This example shows the design of a composite floor slab for both
construction stage and composite stage. The composite slab is checked at
both ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state.
In many markets there are benefits in avoiding propped construction but in
this example props are used for pedagogical reasons. The slab considered is
propped, as shown below
[mm]
Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
P
1800
P
1800
1800
P
1800
1800
1800
P are temporary props during casting of the concrete

Sheeting data:
The characteristic values for the chosen sheeting are as follows:
2
Yield strength
fyp,k = 320 N/mm
Thickness
ts = 0,778 mm
Effective steel area
Ap = 955 mm2/m
Second moment of area of steel core
Ip = 33,0 104 mm4/m
Plastic bending resistance
Mpa,Rk = 5,29 kNm/m
Sagging bending resistance
M a,+Rk = 3,41 kNm/m
Hogging bending resistance
M a,Rk = 2,86 kNm/m
Resistance to support reaction
Rw,k = 34,0 kN/m
Resistance to horizontal shear
u,Rk = 0,306 N/mm2
From trade
literature
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
Slab data:
Slab depth
ht = 120 mm
Slab mean depth
hred = 103,5 mm
Slab depth above sheeting
hc = 75 mm
Effective depth
dp = 101 mm
Concrete C25/30
fck = 25 N/mm2
Ecm = 31000 N/mm2
Sheeting geometry and slab:

[mm]

dp
ht
19
30
10
45
27
50o
60
150
900
Partial safety factors:
G = 1,35
(permanent loads)
Q = 1,5
(variable loads)
M0 = 1,0
EN 1993-1-1
M1 = 1,0
EN 1993-1-1
C = 1,5
EN 1992-1-1
VS = 1,25
EN 1994-1-1
Loads:
The slab is designed for both the construction stage and the composite stage.
In the construction stage, the steel sheeting acts as shuttering and has to carry
its own weight, the wet concrete and the construction loads. In the composite
stage the slab has to carry its own weight, floor finishes and the live load. The
following loads are considered in this example:
EN 1990
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
Construction stage:
Self weight of the sheeting
gp = 0,09 kN/m2
Self weight of the wet concrete
gc = 2,6 kN/m2
Distributed construction load
q1 = 0,75 kN/m2
Concentrated construction load
q2 = 1,5 kN/m2
Composite stage:
Self weight of the slab
g1 = 2,5 + 0,09 = 2,6 kN/m2
Floor finishes
g2 = 1,2 kN/m2
Live load (hotel)
q = 5,0 kN/m2

Verification of the sheeting as shuttering

The sheeting resistance needs to be verified in the construction stage in both
ultimate and serviceability limit state according to EN 1993-1-3.
Ultimate limit state:
Maximum sagging bending moment:
+
M Ed
= G M g+ + Q M q+
M g+ = M g+p + M g+c = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1, 82 = 0,81 kNm/m

M q+ = 0, 094 1, 5 1, 82 = 0,46 kNm/m
+
M Ed
= 1, 35 0, 81 + 1, 5 0, 46 = 1,78 kNm/m
12
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
Maximum hogging bending moment:

q2
q1
gc
gp
3000
M Ed
= G M g + Q M q = 1, 35 1, 01 + 1, 5 0, 55 = 2,18 kNm/m

FEd = G FG + Q Fq = 1,35 5,75 + 1,5 3,15 = 12,5 kN/m
M g , M q , Fg and Fq are calculated by computer.

Design check:
Positive bending
+
M Rk
+
M Rd
=
M0
3,41
+
= 3,41 kNm/m > M Ed
=1,78 kNm/m OK
1,0
2,86
= 2,86 kNm/m > M Ed

= 2,18 kNm/m OK
1,0
Negative bending
M
Rd
M Rk
M0
Support reaction
RRd =
RRk
M1
34,0
= 34,0 kN/m > FEd= 12,5 kN/m
1,0
OK
Interaction, moment and support reaction

EN 1993-1-3
6.1.11
(6.28)
M Ed
F
+ Ed 1,25
M Rd Rw,Rd
2,18 12, 5
+
= 1,13 < 1, 25
2, 86 34, 0
All design checks are OK at the ultimate limit state.
OK
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
Serviceability limit state:

The deflection, s, due to the wet concrete and the self weight of the sheeting
should not, unless otherwise noted in the National Annex, exceed s,max =
L/180.
s =
EN 1994-1-1
9.6 (2)
( 2, 65 g p + 3, 4 g c ) L4
384 EI p
Check if the sheeting is fully effective, i.e. does Ip need to be recalculated due
to local buckling?
Maximum positive moment in serviceability limit state:

M sls = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1,82 = 0,81 kNm/m

Maximum compression stress in top flange:
M sls
0, 81 106
z =
( 45 19) = 63,8 N/mm2
4
Ip
33, 0 10
com =
p =
=
fy
cr
235
com
b/t
EN 1993-1-5
4.4
28, 4 k
235
= 1,9
63, 8
with = 1, Table 4.1 gives k = 4
p =
30 / 0, 778
28, 4 1, 9 4, 0
EN 1993-1-5
Table 4.1
= 0,36 = 1, 0
Since the reduction factor, = 1, 0 , no reduction of the top flange is necessary,

i.e. Ip is fully effective.
s =
( 2, 65 0, 09 + 3, 4 2, 6) 18004
= 3,6 mm
384 210000 33, 0 104
s,max =
L
1800
=10 mm > 3,6 mm = s
=
180 180
OK
The deflection, s, is less than 1/10 of the slab depth, therefore no ponding
effects need to be taken into account. Hence, the serviceability limit state is
also OK. The sheeting can work as shuttering in the construction stage.
EN 1994-1-1
9.3.2 (2)
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
Verification of the composite slab:

Ultimate limit state:
The continuous slab will be designed as a series of simply supported spans.
EN 1994-1-1
9.4.2 (5)
q
g1+g2
M Ed =

M Ed
[ G ( g1 + g 2 ) + Q q] L2
8
[1, 35 ( 2, 6 + 1, 2) + 1, 5 5, 0] 3, 62
= 20,5 kNm/m
=
8
Design bending resistance:

The sagging bending moment resistance should be calculated from the stress
distribution in the figure below, if the neutral axis is above the sheeting.
0,85 fcd
xpl
dp
z
+
fyp,d
centroidal axis of the

profiled steel sheeting
xpl =
Ap f yp,d
0, 85 b f cd
f yp,d =
f cd =
pl =
f yp,k
M0
f ck
320
= 320 N/mm2
1, 0
25
= 16,7 N/mm2
1, 5
955 320
= 21,6 mm
0,85 1000 16,7
Nc,f
Np
Mpl,Rd
EN 1994-1-1
Figure 9.5
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
For full shear connection:
M pl,Rd = Ap f yd d p xpl / 2
M pl,Rd = 955 320 (101 21, 6 / 2 ) 103 = 27,5 kNm/m > 20,5 = MEd
Longitudinal shear by partial connection method:
Shear span required for full shear connection
N c = u,Rd b Lx N cf
The distance to the nearest support, Lx, required for full shear connection can
be determined by

Lx =
Ap f yd
N cf
=
b u,Rd b u,Rd
u,Rd =
Lx =
u,Rk 0, 306
=
= 0,245 N/mm2
Vs
1, 25
955 320
= 1247 mm
1000 0,245
Hence, at a distance of 1247 mm from the support a full shear connection is

fulfilled.
Design check using the simplified partial interaction diagram:
For any cross section along the span it has to be shown that the corresponding
design bending moment, MEd, does not exceed the design bending resistance,
MRd. In the figure x is the distance from the support.
EN 1994-1-1
9.7.3 (8)
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
MRd, MEd
[kNm/m]
30
Mpl,Rd
MRd
20
10
M Ed =
[ G ( g1 + g 2 ) + Q q ] x
2
Mpa
( L x)
x [m]

0
0
0.4
0.8
1.2
Lx
1.6
M Ed M Rd for all cross sections

Vertical shear:
VEd =
VEd =
[ G ( g1 + g 2 ) + Q q ] L
2
[1, 35 ( 2, 6 + 1, 2) + 1, 5 5, 0] 3, 6
= 22,7 kN/m
2
Design vertical shear resistance:

Vv,Rd = CRd,c k (100 I f ck )1 / 3 + k1 cp bw d p
EN 1992-1-1
6.2.2
with a minimum of
Vv,Rd,min = ( vmin + k1 cp ) bw d p
CRd,c =
k = 1+
0,18
0,18
= 0,12
1, 5
200
200
= 1+
= 2, 4
dp
101
See Note in
EN 1992-1-1
6.2.2
CALCULATION SHEET
l =
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
of
12
Asl
0,02
bw d p
Asl is the area of the tension reinforcement in [mm], i.e Asl = Ap

bw = 400 mm/m, i.e. the smallest width in [mm] of the section in the
tension area.
l =
955
= 0,024 > 0,02 l = 0,02
400 101
cp =
N Ed
= 0 , since NEd = 0, i.e. no axial forces or prestress.
Ac
k1 = 0,15

Vv,Rd = 0,12 2, 4 (100 0, 02 25)1 / 3 + 0,15 0 400 101
See Note in
EN 1992-1-1
6.2.2
Vv,Rd = 42,8 kN/m

Minimum value
vmin = 0, 035 k 3 / 2 f ck1/2 = 0, 035 2, 43 / 2 251 / 2 = 0,65

Vv,Rd,min = ( 0, 65 + 0,15 0) 400 101 = 26,3 kN/m
Vv,Rd = 42,8 kN/m > 22,7 kNm/m = VEd
OK
All design checks of the composite slab in the ultimate limit state are OK.
Serviceability limit state:
Cracking of concrete:
As the slab is designed as simply supported, only anti-crack reinforcement is EN 1994-1-1
needed. The cross-sectional area of the reinforcement above the ribs should be 9.8.1 (2)
not less than 0,4% of the cross-sectional area of the concrete above the ribs.
min As = 0, 004 b hc = 0, 004 1000 75 = 300 mm2/m
8 s160 mm will be enough for this purpose.
CALCULATION SHEET
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
10
of
12
Deflection:
For the calculations of the deflections of the slab, the slab is considered to be
continuous. The following approximations apply:
the second moment of area may be taken as the average of the values
for the cracked and un-cracked section;
for concrete, an average value of the modular ratio, n, for both longand short-term effects may be used.
Ep
n=
'
cm
Ep
E
1
Ecm + cm
2
3
210000
10
2
31000
3

Second moment of area for the cracked section

I bc =
Ai zi
xc =
xc =
b xc3
+ Ap ( d p xc )2 + I p
3 n
Ai
n Ap
2 b dp
1+
1
b
n Ap
10 955
2 1000 101
1+
1 = 35,4 mm
1000
10 955
I bc =
1000 35, 43
+ 955 (101 35, 4)2 + 33, 0 104 = 5, 92 106 mm4/m
3 10
Second moment of area for the un-cracked section

I bu
b hc3 b hc
=
+
12 n
n
Ap ( d p xu )2 + I p
b
xu =
2
3
hp
hc b0 hp b0 hp
xu +
+
ht xu +
2
12 n
n
2
hc2
+ b0 hp ht p + n Ap d p
2
2
b hc + b0 hp + n Ap
EN1994-1-1
9.8.2 (5)
CALCULATION SHEET
1000
xu =
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
11
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
12
of
752
45
+ 650 45 120 + 10 955 101

2
2
= 58,3 mm
1000 75 + 650 45 + 10 955
2
I bu
1000 753 1000 75

75 610 453
+
=
+
58, 3 +
12 10
10
2
12 10
610 45
45
120 58, 3 + 955 (101 58, 3)2 +
10
2
33, 0 104 = 13, 5 106 mm 4 /m

Average Ib of the cracked and un-cracked section

Ib =
I bc + I bu 5, 92 + 13, 5
=
106 = 9, 7 106 mm 4 /m
2
2
Deflections
The total deflection under the worst load case should not exceed L/250.
EN1992-1-1
7.4.1(4)
Weight of floor finishes:
c,g
0, 0068 g 2 L4 0, 0068 1, 2 36004

=
=
= 0,67 mm
E Ib
210000 9, 7 106
Live load, worst case:
c,q =
0, 0099 1 q L4 0, 0099 0, 7 5, 0 36004

=
= 2,86 mm
E Ib
210000 9, 7 106
Removal of the props:

G 1'
G1 = g1
c,G =
1
G 1'
G 1'
L
3, 6
= 4,68 kN/m
= 2, 6
2
2
0, 01146 G1 L3 0, 01146 4680 36003

=
= 1,23 mm
E Ib
210000 9, 7 106
Document Ref:
SX009a-EN-EU
Title
Eurocode Ref
EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1
Made by
Jonas Gozzi
Date
March 2005
Checked by
Bernt Johansson
Date
April 2005
Sheet
12
of
12
CALCULATION SHEET
Total deflection:
c = c,G + c,g + c,q = 1, 23 + 0, 67 + 2, 86 = 4,76 mm

2
C
T
r
h
e
i
a
s
e
m
d
a
o
e
n
r
T
a
c = 4,76 mm <
L
3600
=
= 14,4 mm
250 250
OK

SX009a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Name
Company
Date
Created by
Jonas Gozzi
SBI
10/03/2005
Technical content checked by
Bernt Johansson
SBI
08/04/2005
1. UK
G W Owens
SCI
7/7/05
2. France
A Bureau
CTICM
17/8/05
3. Sweden
A Olsson
SBI
8/8/05
4. Germany
C Muller
RWTH
10/8/05
5. Spain
J Chica
Labein
12/8/05
G W Owens
SCI
06/7/06
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Example: Composite floor slab

Example: Composite floor slab

EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1

Example: Composite floor slab

Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

P are temporary props during casting of the concrete

fyp,k = 320 N/mm

Effective steel area

Second moment of area of steel core

Ip = 33,0 104 mm4/m

Plastic bending resistance

Mpa,Rk = 5,29 kNm/m

Sagging bending resistance

M a,+Rk = 3,41 kNm/m

Hogging bending resistance

M a,Rk = 2,86 kNm/m

Resistance to support reaction

Rw,k = 34,0 kN/m

Resistance to horizontal shear

u,Rk = 0,306 N/mm2

Example: Composite floor slab

Example: Composite floor slab

EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1

Slab mean depth

Slab depth above sheeting

Sheeting geometry and slab:

Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

Partial safety factors:

Example: Composite floor slab

Example: Composite floor slab

EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1

Self weight of the wet concrete

Distributed construction load

Concentrated construction load

g1 = 2,5 + 0,09 = 2,6 kN/m2

Live load (hotel)

Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

Verification of the sheeting as shuttering

M g+ = M g+p + M g+c = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1, 82 = 0,81 kNm/m

Example: Composite floor slab

Example: Composite floor slab

EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1

Maximum hogging bending moment:

Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

FEd = G FG + Q Fq = 1,35 5,75 + 1,5 3,15 = 12,5 kN/m

M g , M q , Fg and Fq are calculated by computer.

= 2,86 kNm/m > M Ed

Interaction, moment and support reaction

Example: Composite floor slab

Example: Composite floor slab

EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1

Serviceability limit state:

Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

M sls = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1,82 = 0,81 kNm/m

with = 1, Table 4.1 gives k = 4

Since the reduction factor, = 1, 0 , no reduction of the top flange is necessary,

Example: Composite floor slab

Example: Composite floor slab

EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1

Verification of the composite slab:

Created on Tuesday, November 06, 2012

Design bending resistance:

centroidal axis of the