Ma a6 : DYKOTBO LOL NOL DAU D4 hon 20 nam ti qua hE te ngy Nha aust bdm Dal hee a Trang hoe cluyen nghiep (ide Nhw aut bdn Gide dye hide ray) phat han lax du ttn que etch Bal tdp Ce, tie det. Te 4s din nay, ake La trong hon 10 nam Si mst wo md cla gan sy, vide gidng doy Co hee de 4 cae teuang dot hee ad eb Inhidu thoy di. Néu trae day ching ta chi yr dga vto te tiga ea Lien 35 04, thi high ney d€ dé hoa whop vb d& ete |g a2 la ching 15 3 i. dB lam vide Wi ede 46% tbe Rte, chang 4 padi gidng cho sith vit od nhing cick gidi thick, cack lant theo hing Hi Liga eda Thy Au, Bde Mg. * Cun Bai tip Ce he sat nay duge sogn Iai, on ob dung Din ln ming bat 4p da 3, dng that sung théme nhang bai top dep dng vel mang thay d6i trong noi dung gléng doy (Co tice dt nhang nam gin day. Cing mhu ci, méi chuong du 6 pit tome tt Bj thaytt dé inh vitn 6 thé ding sich mot deh de lap o¥ dong thoi eding thugn ttn trong On tp. Tuy ty, of git Ran Rh luong, pRB tm the Rhéng thé thee gdm et mil nol dang nen Bhi edn sinh vien wn phai dung ae sch Ij thayét(@6 thé dang sach Co hoe dat eda R. Whitiow, bin tng Vil, Nha suse ba Gide due) (Ca fan trade eang mh Lan nay, séch Bai tp Co hoe dt cing mat cheung edp cho alah vidn nhong dang co bin me [hong thé new Ait due nGng treme hep Pus tep, ASt hat bing phan Hehe inh Be‘Ohung 18: hy wong cudn Bai tp Co hoe Aft nay 28 66 ich ho sinh vign tt ed ede nganh cong tinh aby dng c6-Co hoe 46 1 mon oe AF thud co 3, vd mong nkon due 5 kite whon tt la ede Sgn ding nghitp u& hang nguoi a dane eich 8. TS. Va cong New Chueong 1 | | TINH CHAT VAT LY cla BAT VA PHAN Lol DAT TOM TAT LY THuYeT ‘Trong digu Hn ty alta, 8 18 mot hop Uh phde tap g6m a thé thd rn (te, Rat ha), thE lag 2A né kl» Hh Se 1b rng trong dit cha gy aoe hh 90 en 2 KOS MIMD beta thd the rin va Uh ling. Neu cheng ta ding 0 46 8 ths, tong trong ho mot thé ele i tl 6 ding eo hal niga v6 phan luong ml the trong Ge" GHink "T-DTeen inh ve ta ding ete hy | tig caw aay = LY = ie toan bp aa ; ik = 'Yj= Eh teh hang hot en cba dat; Vy thé teh nude Vir the teh ea A+ Vy = Ve the fh beng ba at = trong lug toan bg dst;day ~ too wg ete Bat hs ob 5 i tong Hong be tone 1 28 | oe ro ong HA tong 1 6g: HAL mE te som ahd Q = 0. ents cha. tah hop ehh nh woe AN cn ERE Sette aon in mel OE AE ci tn at cong ty i: Man a 46 rae ny, cho nea tang phe ta fa ng tn pha ng ene ch ‘Desi at Sede én nog ol eu ebb 7 eran wre a war) 8 ron tr eee 1 oa er See ry _, gaits tah nani ae oy Bee Sa a ta no mute rrsee Hong tg A, Be ty Tene MONE ton ene ats tee as oan Toke BOs Oe ns Ih wt tg btn rong sae conv Gk SE a ney as nme 7, eng dg don ohne vl SEY vexin’. Be ae sy oases at on eel the te a ae bing phvong pip tht ngiem tre py SIDE Se dink bin he gun Usp gun che cng te: ah Ging E10" “amg ong ng hat cat RF WED 0HE Yah A LORE wong mn dan vi tbé leh Bat in cba Bt ay nye co Das tyes ry of don oan abt tf Nhe, Ht) ise ning art hy thy ft trong sot bese ot BaP (2 28 aie testy, Ca a 7 thud ee 4 ah HIRE OE sap ere Hp ene gy ect dingo lu ot a 4) 1a 2 fbn ink nla ab tro 908 a+? on song 8 «rq to ona ing oa mde @ SE OC rang tong ring At no née Chay a6, oa), WE vac Bone ign ein mt don v6 ses Ht 8 tang AE am ee ose 16 rong sta at hve dy nee) + m2 ro romp tere vit iy tc dt (ay trong, ang RG Oe eae eet fin), WY BEE TA Yay 18 ONE GME tong oi dst of Ké dén We fy nl elm te SQ Nate tag Pathan tn 8) msi ig tc re pit Peetersfe 81 14006 Ye Yoy BONE duCE He inh gin ip bing ch ding nhing cing thas tish dst (Blog I = 10) 2 09 fm vi dd no muse (bio ds) eva dit tong mde choa trong 16 xdng cbs dit ed Anh hing rit 2p AEF Heh ce cua at "Ve mat may sql te tava Sen al ol tt De fin cla Athy itu W, vay 96 ita tong luong aude hte trong 18 ring cla det wi trong Iwona bor oh eee 4, “a Dai Meng W thing duge bigu thi Mog phn tram (aheng EGR es the viet duoi dang o6 thép phan! no doe wae mee bing cdch trye tgp thl nghiom, Dé, mede (ho hoe) cia dat, hy dieu ©, la phn Iweng ute chin trong 15 réng cia dl, hay adi cach Thee lh of ok sida thé tich aude voi thé tick 16 toby w on a) Cong nhu W, dt huge os the btu dfn bang con a5 phn am hote bing s6thtp phn, Vol dt est: C'< OS eae hae 05 08: eat no nue, 2. 00 ring va he 56 rdng cua ait, 06 chit wong a6i a 6st eat wong 1S ning oie St phan anh do ehst oda dat, Dé Bu eb} mde do réng con dat, trong tinh toan thidng Seages bi tieu Of ring ia dt, AY Mibu Tim, IA U6 teh 6 obng tong mot don vf the et att ¥ a) pit BE 68 he iba th bg 9 ph tm bose 6 thap phan, : eG Pa oy lta 0, 4) gan eh oh ob voi thé tich hat rén cia dat ° * oe a) thang Baca f860 IM OBOE 45 ep phn. cde eh tou a g cae AES A ith moe ich gl tp age ett 4s cong thee tink asi (Bing | Pin ote At eons tht doch ey nin gee don a6: trong tar ant ZY NG cia nd. Nevot ta hae oun Toe ana eb o88 BL ck sch chee vam va oy ye rong 45 ee eee Oa Sree ME tine cla dat ott 6y 8 erg iach ona og MM BE chm det cat &y 9 trang tha ey aes, Se eens eae caitglarcevacret (Bing 4), Ta Ging (Os stan ace ap chat wang eh D ota ett ses elth M6 ong ty ahien a Vgc se ee Then nn gf tH Mthitn 6 8 ang Uy abies ee et do tar at MORE hep ly mabe 680 wae VF sya ais mi cy St 8 eA tong at Deal not tet amu ct che bj troog phong thi neaaaef } ‘Teong thye hin nén ding ofc eh nghidm hlen trudng nhu 1 nghln suyén tinh, thf nghiem SPT dé danh gia do. chat cin ost Vos eh hit suyén tink do chet eda eft duge phn Tosi theo ade Khang suyes 9, (Bing 1-8), (Con vei th nghigm SPT dd cht cin eit duge phan lon theo dgp N(V ld 26 ubst dip bing qui ta tga chudn nang {638 ha (140 Ik), rok 8 chigv eno cia chun h = 76 em (30") 48 ong tau eG chun ngp v30 dst 30 cm (sem Bang 1-0) +4, Gibi han at, gist han déo, 66 dic cua dat [N6i chung, tink chit ela dit phy thate db om cia a6. Dac bige ai vet loas dat set (ast dnb) 9 dim dong val td quyet inh, Khi do im om dit inh thay d6t tt nho dh lon, trang that ela né cing thay G61 Us edng, qua do sang abso. NDODg hl tity aaa dy phn anh dee dim ay cue dat dink isi han dia, kf bids W hose PL (plastic limi), hay cbn ‘oi ih 6 an lan W, v1 ad" €uge x4e dinh bing pbuons phap Tin tay. Dey th dd diy gi6h han Est dat chuyén eh trpog tha cng sang trang thi 8. CGidi hon sét Chay gi han chiy), hy biga W, hose LL digult limit), hay con gol la gol bon nto Wy, lb 9 dm gi han ET 4 chuyén tt trang. thdi dio sang trang that nbo. W, Way huang due gi Ik ofc gi han Atterborg va lb do im ln dit 2 trgng thil HAL tha qut chiy Vesiliev nag 76 g, gic @ mit 80° a8 ngp vio Bat dit 10 mm sau 6 2 ; hove qua chiy nang 80 g, wie & ml 0° eh ngtp vio bat dat 20 mm sau 5s. Lat 4 le phuang phép x4e djah LL theo tity chun Vigt Nam (Ging Chity Varies, thudng ého gid tei LL thap hen (khang 30%) fo vol gié ti LL xe dinh theo tite chad Mj (phuong php Casagrande) Hig of ca che Aon git han eft va loi han do got Is ek 8 di ca dt din, Wg bibs A, cong hy low a IP (index plastic) Aa W,-Wyhay P= LL PL (12) 10 ech tank, hig B hogs CR (consatence relatively) age tinh theo cong the WewW, W=W, "s m=PL Be Gow pit ca = BPE aay, Voi W Ghote mo) Lb dp dim ty nim cba ast Chi 86 do A ding GE phin-toai dt din (Bang 1-7), com cil tieu 40 d5e B thi ding dé dénh pia trong chal eha dt dink (Bang 1-8), 1-5. Than phn hat cua a&t (Oe hat rin eda dat os mhng tinh chit rt khdc nh, chi 1760 phy thade kick thude' eda chang. Vi vdy ede hot rm duge ‘Phin loa theo o® hat. Mot lpi dit thaang chia nhieu ed bat. Phan Iuong moe cd het tink bing % trong ong dt Kho gol 1 hm lueag ein cD hat. Tap hop ham lugng ote cD hat fla mot lost ft gi I cp ptt hat cia lai det 6). C&p phe hat eva sot los &e thutmg duoc irik biy Bing nhéy dgag, trong ds thong dung 16 dang dung cong ofp phSl ttn be trae toa do chong thudag véi trve tong th ham IMong % ee whem hat va trye had ia dong ih hat din), hoe true toa 4 nia logert wi true tung Id him Iugng ® ef nhdm hat frye Hoan 1b logaeit bmg kin hat (lg, Dé thutn tign cho vie Tap be truc ton dh nda logait ta nen 6 ding kink et ti (mam) ra yom (1am = 1000 ym) Oi Ify gd theo bing quy ai T-L som | som | o [som [som [wm aChe ld tr hdc la dubog kinh bet guy ai twong ty ng 160 ‘bubng cong efp psi trye ton dd nn Jgaclt thé bien ten high 1-2 cet | Hat ayseaseet Dé din gid db Wong déw cla dlt nguol ta ding BE a8 inong do hy niga C,, dave tinh theo cbng thts o- 2 oo dap = ding Kink bat os him Iepng ich iy OS ONS co Wao So May ‘enh ng v8 ARS hon AS chiém GOR e008 Tugng ft BO) yg ~ dvb Hin at e@ htm wong ch Hy 108 Ws cdc dt dla, can cd vio cl 66 do A dé phan tout oi Nan dat cat, dy wo him Iugog o® bat cls né d€ pha To ang 9) 1} nhiéu aos, ngvoi ts vin gi thal quen ding don vl 40 ta nae tach, hy hse"); 1" = B54 om. Cle vty a phan Usb Moc duge aenh a No (ca ry) 18 a 25 vty etn 1 into estng Bae GG ta ci vty No fa cb hat sam theo bing T-2 2 nm [Soom |S [oem | bing phi Toa 4ét thing abst cia MP USCS (Unified Sol clamttcaton Syatem ~ D287) cong duve ding r6t rng rt Sut duge pos hash eée Tosi OW, OP... SW, SPun My hy ME, CH... trong 45 G (grovel) ~ el sts S (cand) ~ et Mca) ~ bat Cley) ~ att 0 (orgunie) ~ dit oS chia P (peat) shiéa AGU eo; Vo ede dst re, ty Uheo haan long hat ma phan lol ; v6l cae att dloh, dang 86 thi Casagrande tly theo LL va TP mi phan lost ‘Bing 1-10 lu pha Tosi theo USCS. “Wwe graded) “ip ph et (poor graced) ~ ofp ptt kém 5 1H (ugh plasticity) ~ tab do cao 5 1 (ow plasticity) tn Ao eh; = than bi, [6 Ldn np ota efe chi teu tinh const vat Hy cua dé hong phi Ut of ele chi teu tinh cht ft y ola oft du phi ding efch thi ng 36 xe dinh ‘Cae eb tie phai ding tf nghiem trye tip dé xse din ta trong Mong. ring tt abide yy 8) tong 4, trong THOME ritng at yo ty nhlen W ~ gol A ofc chi tea oo Din ‘Con cdo bl tiéu Kise (ab hg 65 ring, 60 ng mB no 6 Gr esong Iucng ving #89 261 Yon tTODE 1WONE TR DO RUDE Ye 8of the fe dink duge tit ele chi tha co bin mA khong ph lim thi nghlém ; dva vio dink aghia ese hi 6a a6 niet lop hing iin hf gion cfc chi tits ~ ngha Ia nbing cong thte tinh @6i, Trong bing I-11 of néu mot s6 nkng cing tho tinh i dong ding Mat lids, cong ngn ebu ¥ den abing twang quan dnd tinh ita chi iu, ching hon Khl ham lung hat ast lon th chi 135 déo cing lon, khi dp in, dd vbng ela dat thay dSi thi mhing cht tida v6 tinh chit 9 hoo wn aA cong thay d6k theo. ‘Tuy hong os hang lien he dinh Iueng nhvng ago hag eb nly thay Gi trong Kholng nto 46 thi nhing chi seu hia cing ‘ign a trong phem vi mhst dinh, Cin phil thn bigw nhung tang quan dé thi mei of thé dénh gla mot eich ehte chin v6 tinh nang xAy dyng els it AU HOI KIM TRA Bio ein ce it oH in 87 Ci co bn ‘mo tos ih goa hpi? Ch i eda ea Cong ten Me? 2, Clch phn log At the ttu chun Vit Nam va USCS, ‘3. Cee trang thi ois dst oft 7 Chi itu dénb i trang thal a cat? 4. rang that dit dinh ? Cac chi itu dh gi trang thet ainh ? 5, Dya vio dink nghia cde chi tif vét ly, t¥ EAI lap chang sinh ede cing thie én hp gida eke chi teu da ney trong blag I-11 “ errors am ca cos 8 (8) rin oi et wo Tens — see aetna) 0 w0- @ 0 ig ute 4 dn) mo wo Semmes | ie [wea | oo a tc to ee TRS ee [er oe 2 | GnE | oe | ES | ae iPi ot ah hs a bea ma a rs Semis 1h sg Ph at ae he 3 he nso 4 = at ae se mae a ny aw neo # Ee eh : Baw 8g i seme Bois 7 Se a0 Sn Jol hw es ro bt _ i aT tne soa “ daa ates eH ‘Di ho tn g us af Ss | Reta amin i T : pat ea yo | MASE i i ; a ae i ” 6ainousa 18lng 4 (le sng ti Hoh at eS cit swing ding Doe rem Pom neo °° arom "Tore one ght | Comat ne See om an om am) amy wm aay te em Fig 6 00 i tg Wo. 1 8 cn pat sanyo hp 20 BAI TAP ER tn ee ‘ThE tich dao vong = V = 69 em! Trove luong dit vot trong dao vong Q = 11645 g ‘rong hegng St sau kh sy kbd Q, = 102.11 ‘TY trong hat eda aft ; Aw 28 Zin th: D9 din Wi, trong leone rng Wot ry tpg Iuong tng Eh yy €0 ring n, hp ot rag edb ne nude G cle fas a Bat sti ~ Do fim cia d&t dupe Loh bing cong thie seu ee = 0 w= = 1005) ‘Thay Tao otmg thic tra: Q = 11645 @ = 102,11 ¢ 8 duce : 116.45~ 102,11 We NT. 100) = 141% = 0201 ‘Trong Mong risng wt cha det dug tink bang dng thie sau Q wee Thay vio cOng thie tn: q = 11645 V = 59 om? Ta duce 1 as 2 2 toy = UB = 197 gem = 10,7 et thas adt@P# MORE eng Ido oda dit Goge Hah Hang cong nee a‘Thay Who cing thie ttn = Q = 10011 g : V = 69 cm! 15 ice 4 i 1,78 hem? = 17.9 sin! | “+ Mee of the inh 5 theo cong thos anu | } = Teaone = ~ BO Hog cia dat duce tink bing céng this any m2) = AT soy ak 8 ity WOME Iuong tng cin hat 66 New tty {ond IWeng rieng eda nude Ik 7, = 10 KN? in 8 Nit 7 by = 28.10 oy ng ea 46 net) = SR ton = BSI 0 509 ~ HH 8 ongoing tah bing cg eae sou ms dey a = a59% = o9ea b) They nto tag the ee 0.369 ‘T=0g85 ~ 9619 ~ BB no nude G toh theo cong thde sau g = 20LW.8 Ody: We Wie: 4 = 28:6» oot j Ta duge 01x 14,128 a asig BAL tap 1-2. trong Jtt90g ritng cha cét ten mye ube Bee lg Rm A oon tatag ang te ae hat eg cat la 2,68 Hy Unb s+ slang HAIG M08 cn A 36 Ui eat mabe (rong long 7 Tiong sng stng 20 nude cin e$t > De ein elt 45 Kh nhin del my "nube ng. Ba gi ‘Trige tien ta tink he 86 ring cia eat 47+ 901W) Thay io cng thie tren 1 trong het ow 2,65, ‘Troog lwong siéng eda nude : y, = 10 kNim De dim cba edt : W = 162, rong Wong rieng wot cia edt > = 19 kNim. ° = 064 o 1 eee ° saben +019 | 0-1 = 80) . 5 EO NG sta yo ha ee te tes ng cing whic (= 0% _ 65-110 fades ta Tea = SERRE « foam 5 ERM Won ing nn cn et aa a Sg cng wh 10,3 + 10 = Go3)anins 09 + 10 = 9) 23

9or-8 6 tay: Ho a6 sing: © = 060. Dp no asses G = 10 ‘ny trong: 8 = 265: ‘Thay vio cbng thie tren ta dude 06x10 wos) = gorezes * * {ak egp 18. DE ate doh rng aon Bat A A COREE, ere Meee aang 1 dag thiy fink inh te cbse mabe St Of chia wach do thé teh wens a6 402 ct vo vio Gog, va cle batt ct e ge ing Sang i 160 em? Hay sah to TOME SE nabs ep trong at cla oft 66 7 sat iat ‘tne wen abe dang en. tong 6g bing eng tn Heh ce ht ost Vy = 150 em? vi vay, tag hiong vit bot ce ft 1A a nie any Thing tong long cin ct Bat eft = Qy = 402 B ‘T6ng the teh ce hat elt Vp = 150 em? 4 mwas aor 5 A an = Sage 208 am? =P ‘ty trong bat bs oft 18 im yo trong wong eng cbs de iy 1: Yq = 10 RNID a "Ta dage Ye 288. 268 wai tap 1-4. Tat nghitm sfc dah 1p tro Bt (cha oH ee Eat man va Ban tong of wash go (2eng ch ets 90 em!) ta thu vce kit qh sau Sy Tens gg d6t kno 06 trong tinh w Hrong = Qp = 4585 & ‘Dong Hoi hong inh 1 tone oh a eo (one Se) den voc cha Bia haw J M8 bop ay GH O3E serch phan rh Bet) Wh: Gy = 95408 & rbog wi hong Binh x2 be ety eng Bap of Bute At «én voch ofa Binh, Ih: Q, = 825,50 6 Hay ade dink 5 trong bat clin 66 7 ai iat wy trong cin at age x4 dink theo Ons HE i asi wong aot wh = pe Ee an cts 6 * HFG 45,95 « east —aees * 7" ‘pai tgp 15, Dé nde dink trong aoeg eng tk SE can SR ding bas Wy na ts Doe me tt Ay Hog 25parafin vA mhéng vie mgt blnb nude eft os vach do thé tick Fe qua nh eau ‘Trong lwgng mdu dat = Q, = 980 6 ‘Prong lugng mbu dit sau Ki toe perafin = Q, = 1007 ‘The tich nude ding len Khi nhéng mu d6t bee paratin vio Dink nude eft = V, = 520 em se Traggjong sltng in tp paran Ih: 09 gent Hay née diah trong luong eltag uot cin dit 7 eit ‘Teong Ivong parain dung df boc mia 1b @, = @ ~Q, = 1007 - 980 = 27 g Th6 sich 6p parafin bor miu (BAL tap 1-6. Thé nghitm phn uch moe miu dst duge ede Al ity oa bin abu sau " ‘Trong luong Heng ty bit 19 trong hat a =aT De fin ty nhion W = 258. y= 20: Ty xe dink he 26 rng 0, dd réng n, 60.30 nude G, tone iugng riéng HAD oa mu dat 6? a6 5a gi = Hi 06 rng in dt tind theo cbng tide orf +0,00) 2.7. 100+025) _ Me 1 = 0.687 = Dp ring m chia 46t tinh theo cong thee * 0.687 te) = hy 100 = BEE. 100 = 40,75 . 1 = Dp no nuse eia mu at tinh theo cong thte Q.01W.8 01x 25% 2.7 7 ‘0,687 = Trong long ving KO cla dit tinh theo ebng thie = 098 20 7 1 Teoew * Troorsas ~ 76 V pai tap 1-7. C6 mot miu dit khi do dm “ey white la ww, = 88 thl trong Itong Hag wt yy, = 17 RN! Hay xc “inh trong luong tng Wt yy, ela mila 46th 9 im ob dt a W, = 258. ai git ‘Tim trong luong riéng hd 7, ela dit 6 theo cong thie Vero *, 1 seam? te = Teagiw, 7 Trop” 16 eN “ai dp im cia dt BA W; = 25%, do trong luo ltng kNO ry ola ait Khong thay €6t na trong 1ugng réng WOE yy flab nbs aa yy SAC * B01) = 16.0 + 0.88) = 20 NimBal top 1-8. Khi xée dink gidi hon oft cin dat et bing chy auptn Vaniley (nang 70 g, gc 8 dinh 80°) tha vio bat (4, tn duge Kee qua sau dy Do mien ey (om Ce ey hi thi nghitm gio! hon déo ta duge gidi hon déo eda ait mW, = 278, Egy xée ah gidi han ott W,, ch a6 do va ten eda det ds? Ba gi ‘TH Ket qu tht nghitm trim ta duce ae quan 6 gla 48 auyén cbs chiy (ann) vol 49 im (&) da md dat Cin f-3), is Xuyén 10mm Bol z, ianen ate 45% = Gia han sgt Ik om obs dt ang voi auyén cia chty 1 10 mm seu thos gan & = Wi, = 40m, 28 = Chi 96 do AG ~ Day 18 dSt ast vl ch 96 do A > 17 (theo phan lot viet Nam) . Yai tap 1-9. X86 sinh trong Wong Hi6ng WE ola mgt lop dt eat nim dul mye aude ngs, Bie AY trong hat cba et + Wy 24-27 8 2 260 5 ae sing n = 35, : 1g 5 rng eda eat tinh theo cing thie 2 : 35 = Gaba = ona - 0598 hi cét nim dui mye nude agin of 9 no nude 9 dim da eat tinh theo cong the S32 109 = 1% 9898.09 « an30 rong Ivong réng udt cia oft tinh theo otng thie saw dergo(l +0000) = 29BH 10 001% 20.9 — 9529 sav 1+0598 (Prong lugng rléng eis nude: 7, = 10 kN) Coat tap 1-10. oe mba dst eo 6c chi iow toh ehat vot If sea : by trong hgt 8 = 2,76 ; trong Wong siéng wot _ ve = 186 Nim? 5 9 im ty nhion W = 85 ; ich han ao Wa = 10% ; gid han aft W, = 105, : Hay xde-dinh he 56 réng, 4p sdng, thn vA trpng that ala au as? 29= Hi rbng cde 4 duge tah theo cong thie sou Airg(lt0OI) a6 19040018) | %e 186 : 0-050 = Do dng cia dit duge tinh theo cong thie 059 100 = 9555. 100 7 = Chi a6 déo oda dt 18 A= W.-W, 18-10 = 6% Dp opt cla dat 18 WoW, _gn10 Be Dp no nude cia mau dt Qo1W.a | 001x8« 274 Vay miu ft trén Ia ect pha vi T 062 < 067. [Bai tap 1-12. MOL lop dt aét pha of mot ada @ trén mye ude ngdm vA mt nia 3 dust mye nude ngSm. (Cho chi titw tinh chit v§t fy 09 ban,eda d&e 8 trem mee nude ng nh eau + trong lugng eng att yy = 18 KNn? ; 13 trong hat = 272 j ab Gx ty abitn W = "90%, Hay ade dinh he a6 ng db Som W, tong liong rong gy nal, sone Iueng viéng no nue cia phn ast duot sous ute ngim ? aai gat = He 6 ring © eda dat @ tren mu nude ng vb ath ‘ave nde nim nh maw vk duge tinh thee cong the ste ory (1 +0018) ae 100+ 001% Be 001% 8) gap “1 = Dh du6l mye aude ng of 9 bo his G = 1 Vi a 4 ela dit duti mye nude ngfin Gage tinh theo eng tte sa Gee 16096 = 3594 ~ Trong Iiong rleng ay n6i con dst dvoe tinh bing cong tae eae ~ Thong hong eng no nude ela at 1a Yan = Yan hy = 88 + 10 = 188 Kin? Mai tap E13, mt lop 5 he 96 ning e = 08 ay sic t edt mdm dubi mye nude mgm 1 tong 8 = 265. ah trong Ivong riéng no nude cba odt dé ? Bi gi ‘rude ten tinh trong Iwong Hitag dy n6i ca eat O-D.% Yon" Tee Voi 0 = 06 5 & = 265 ; trong long riéog eda nude Yq = 10 kN? ta vee 285-1).10 5 SSP -10 10,3 Nin’ ‘Teong wong rieng no aude ois oft duge tinh theo cong hue aa Yan * Yan + 7%q = 103 + 10 20,3 Nim? BAL top 1-14. Hay tinh lugeg nude on tide a6 tui cho 1 mt Be 06 ehigu day O,4 m Wi dm chat aad 2-49 6% s8t st Wry. Bist ving do &im bon Gu ela dét cy Id W; = 19%, trong long ring ban du iy, © 11,7 AN. dp Som oft aha 1a Way, = 25%, ‘rong luong eiéng KAS ban dG cba dit duge tinh bing cong thee tut 1a Troow, * Traore = 15,80 ein? ‘Trong Wong ritng uot cla ft vol do Si t6t abst ra = (+ 0,010) = 15991 + 001 x 25) = 10,28 KN/m? Nw vay 6 dat dp din t6¢ nhst ed 1m? ait cfm them vo Tong nude Ia: Q, = 19,28 ~ 17,7 = 1,89 KN hay 0.153 m9 Vay 1 m? dit chigu day 0,4 m 8 fm iueng nude la (1 x 04) 0,183 m? = 0.0612 m’ BAL tap 1015. Nguoi ta cho va vio mot thing Ks ogi (6 thi Ulch V = 4 mo moe luong oft Ik Q.y = 7,86 16 od db im 18 W, = 10%, KAI d4e thing vio mide, théng qua 1S dve 8 diy thing cat trong thang dige bao hoa hon todn (@ = 2 A oft duge bite hia hobn ttm ea 1 aang nude it V, = 0,68 Hay tinh dp r6ng ebm eit trong thing ? 23a git ‘Trong hagng cia nie Usem vio dé eit bao hoa y= Vast = 06810 Kin! = 08 KN. ‘trong iugng cia cit trong thing Kl bio bs botn oan 1b ao = ay + Ay = THE 468 = 824 KN, TTrong IMong cét Kho trong thing avec tinh bing cone the au “ 156 4 \ = Tea oR, * Too TO Dp fin oda edt trong ling Kh Bo hs nde = gy _ 4-881 setae = BEET 100 = 19.98 100 We ‘Teong lwgng Hong. kh cB8 est = 172 bint 1p wing cia cit duce tin theo cong thie sau te Mo | 112x199 108. 4s, of Bai top 1-16. Cho mot miu dat od 49 Km tu nhlea W = 85%, pot ban a8t W, = 99%, foi hon dlo W, = 26%, Hy xée diab ten ela dst dé theo guy pham Viet Nam vt USCS, vi trang thal dat do 7 Bai gi CCl 06 ddo cia d&t A (Rote TP) duge tinh theo cong ‘hte sau Aa W.-W, = 55-25 = 90 Dp sft B oa dt d6 tab theo cong Unde bis W-W, WoW, } Be Cae 35-25 Be = 088 ‘theo quy phom Viet Nam it ds 18 dt sét vi ‘A= 30> 11. Dit a6 8 trang théi dlo vi 025 < B< 05 Phan lost theo USCS thi dit do Ih aft v0 o2 d9 do exo CH. ‘Ypai tap 1-17, Mot mfu dat sét & dudi mue nude ngim 06 4g trong hat A = 2,74, BP ring # = 08. Hy ah trong Mong tng uot, trong Mong rléng éy n6i cia mu dat dé? ai sit Miu sét & du6i mye nude ngim 48 2 trang thai no mvc (6 21), Way ao dn oi Sy dug tinh bing cOng thie eat Ge 1x08 oor re oT ng wot yy ota de duge tink bing dpe Arty. (1 +001N) 2,74 1001 40,01% 292) aoe ee 19,66 bin® ‘Trong Mong ritng Ay 6 Yop cO8 dt duck tinh Blog cing tac ane w = 928 ‘Teong Iuong, hue eau O-% Yun Fe ereneat 5 = BE 966 uni 35 wvXCbaL tap 118, Moe mb att oo sng 48% 5 tone ht | 4% 2683 60 bio hoa G = 0.85, Hay xdo dink he 8 rng 6, d0 in W, trong luong eng Ot 7 tong 117N Tig KO 7, trong Lug Hing no mule ye ai iat ~ Ke inh he 6 ring eda dft theo cong tte om apgcg = 082 ~ BO fin ahién eta dét ade dah theo cong thie sau Ge | oasxoge Dor.8 ~ Oorx2.68 = 2% = Trong Mong sng woe 4.740 +000%) oT 2.68 1011 +0,01 x 26 aos ~ Tren gag eng. hho he 136 : noo remone © reat = 146 we = 186 bin = rong luong ritng dy néi =D _ 268-1) x10 Te * Ta = Trong Iwong vitng no muse Yaa = Yan + = 9328-4 10 = 19,28 RN? YB Lap 1-10. M9e aks Ht co trong Bat A = 2775 40 fm 256; bo a6 rong 0,87 Hity ade dinh : Trong lugng riing uot vA é® bao he cha 6? Trong Iuang riéng wot va bi a8 ring mot, neu mabe ait 1 nén khong thott nude cho éa kh né win bao hoa = 9228 kN? 6 i— Bai gi ‘rong Iuong rng uot obs dSt tinh the> cong thde eas Brg 0010) 2190-90125 6 oo DO bio hoa tah theo cong thie sau os 9 = OOLW.d 012527 _ . O87 eS * AB"% Kevrinong those muse mbu det ta cho dn We bo os fhe aa) “tm "oie ge ig 2 0 Hd UR a» ht Wes ag en agen a 01.W.A _ 0.01% 25% 27 Ca ‘rong eng ring ut ea dt yo 06 tah theo cong thdc 474-01 +000%) ne | 27100 +001%35) - 0675+ | Gis tap 1-39 Pate sh Hat te lnc Hing pug | Pedy OK gut gh tong dog thd hal eta hing T-l2 “2 | i ra = 0675 = 20,15 kNim® area er ei (om)] >to] 0-4 [1-2 [3-4 [ies] emacs [eres | can | tow [els [»l»{w] «|» |s | runic [3 [rsfofsls| » | s [= | a7‘Ve dueng ofp phil bot, xe dink ten it vk hg 26 khong ea ob ct ‘Téng trong lwong cin miu phn ich Q= 10415 420+ 90+50+604 1045 = 2008 Phan lugng cia mii ahém het Br00= 5% 7 4 = When hat o € > 10 min chit & ho i tom % 100 16 = Nhdim hot of = 4 + 10 mm chism 3 "Tep tue hu vy xic dink duge phn lugng cba tt of ofc 100 i {ahdim Ret (ght 6.dong 3 bang I2) ‘D6 vo dvong cong ep phot hat phi tinh Nam iugng tic Loy. (Gée nai'ed duong kiah d < 10 mm chiém 100 ~ 8 = 958 ; ‘ie hat dung hinh < A wm chiém 100- 5-75 = 875% ose Ihat dvong nb d'< 2 mam chitin 100 - 6 - 7,5 - 10 ~ 77.9" j {itp tee abu vay ade dinh duge him ligne tleh ity cia tat ch fe nhém bw trong bing vol day tintesuawren [w [oa] me fas [oa [a [as ‘TH him luong ich lay ee d hel, a vé dudag cong ep 6s hat cia dat (dudag Il, bin 1-2). Neu tieh lay ete bam wong bat al din W tral sang phat ta os (Che gt ed > 10 mm chin 5 5 Cae bet o> 4 mm chitin 12.5% 5 (Cae het > 2mm chen 22,578; Cie bgt d > 1 om chitin 97.5% Cho hat 4 > 05 mm chitin 62,5. 5 - £ So sinh vél bing IO te thiy dieu kigndu tion ma ofp Si hat my dat duce IA hat o6 dung kink a > 0,5 mm eigen fren 50%, viy fe nly thube log eat tho ‘Tren dubog cong efp phdi hat eta loal 44t may’ (Hinh 1-2, tubeg M) ta xée dah doe Ding nk hat dag vol bam luong leh loy 60% 1a dy = 00 mn Duong inh hat ang voi him lugng leh oy 10% lb ayy = 028 mms Vay he 6 king eu ob loaé dat may 1a fe _ 09 #-da-? Phin loa! theo tau chufa ASTM ~ 2487 ta ltm abu sau Nbing het e6 duéng kinh lon hon mét ry NE (xem 4,76, am = 4,00 mm) Ie: 100 ~ 875 = 12.5%, ft hon met nia (60%), ‘Thion ns, mhiing hat ahd hom mét rly N200 (0,074 mm = 0,1 mm) ft han 6%. Vay ce nay Th ct, by higu S. VibG 26 C, = 3 < 4, nt eft my 1k ep pl hm P, Nhu sje ms tr ‘BAI top T-21. Chang minh (thet Ip) cd cong thts (I-16), 16, 0-17) d6 1 eée chi tea 75, W, & (hobe y) phll xée dinb bang thi nghitm, tinh re he 26 Sng e ma khong cn pl lam tht aghiem Bui git % ‘Theo dink nghia © = GE ma V, = V~ Vy v-y, Ta viet duoe 1 co) 39 ‘Gang thee inh van 7, = Fmd @ = 4 Gy (bide the 4-20) cin bing 1-1 +9, ‘Ted lt biSa ehde G16), thay E*OPEY pang 2, thay mee Oy « i sy, bing 7 48 bie hte 0-10) . aye i me ascs ve BER | h . ee ee 96 ne mg is ae an ah ai 7 ; , o a nn Eaten eadt mV, = AV = ON @ tW.a, veerymm ye - pots ve BEE © : : g Te @ any mena Ese gv = ¥,+¥, th os aay (0 vo 0806 i 1 QtW.g YM ont AS ates « 7 Te 0) wie em nen ee 2 cust cing fo = PE. 8 diy, x eth Bg 0 ihn fg them B98 0.0 a i W Ubon Es A hog) pit, uu ah blag ef pn trim ta cfs the O17) og 2 ttp phn tt (ta of bdo thde G15) nese ay +600%) ore a % Bai 4p 1-22 aa 1-28. 6 cae mu dt of, We dpm Ding itn tong 6 hay Q, = WA, a 2 waite Wd ini Kano v0 dm gl an do Wy ne = the tiong bang 118 : ne Send « se a “aa Beta aie ia gas] Tee Cnc y eng, then doh ghia = 7 bie hve) nd sie va aT | ate” 4 + Wt dy, htm B36 001 cho W tao Pa ae ae ah = 7+ Wi 40 dy, tht Bt 6 01 cho W Pa am ae te ie ae = n= TeaOTW an ar Ba 0Xae diab wn v8 trong thai cia ci miu at. BAL tap 1-82 din 1-86. Bie trong Iuong 1m cht ho Tet bi (Bang T-10) @y trong bat 8 v8 dd im W ofa nd nh gl trong bang I-17 ing 08 ine 17 oan pee rae a Seinovu race | 0, nm) > we map | ion SP] uaa vice Hams | eo AST . “2 4500 2 = re | sw | <0 | harman gine ra as 2a = fee ee | ceed eee 7 Bie inh tong ong rag wi 7, 8 tg luo stg no Bai tgp 1-27 déa I-31. Cs ete mu dat, bide he 56 ring ee ‘6, trong bat 4 v8 d no ude G hu tong bang TIS, ae ae Susumu | = [ee | ee [es [he Sinoveniop | Hessriege | Wumeis | Domame wenn [me | use | mw | was | amas ly on rwewmy | | me | woo | wae | man we |e os = te |e & BAL Cap I-37 don I-41, Compe mike dat bish WHE eich V, ne Be « trong Iwong dat fm Q, trong luong dat Kho @, va tf trong het eT {ohy gh trong bang I-19, ae din dp dim vA trong Mong riéng eda ede mba dat 6, Tr 81 ing 116) on smte | Sense | apy | Torgwe | Tertew Tapaom awe . | aoe [a Dees [Stet fre ela W Sallie olla ce] | te | ym cpeeseaeeona [iced [nell ies _ ro] es | | as] 42 | 43‘inh trong lugng Heng uot yay trong Mong iene Had 7 9 wing 0, BO eb ring © vi dO no muse G cba dst Ay Ted Bi (Bang 1-20) Bai top FAT dln 161. Mot lop eat mir dul mye muse ngém of trong Mong no. AUC Yoy VA HY URE gt Ay troMg hong #8 nghitp ade dink duce Be 6 rag 3 trang thal x6p sin 0 Zhen teong th et hat aft ay lh og tog Cee sev —— Sha pl rng bing 1-20, Kad ia 9 cat long GAD a9 [raven [nom | am | © |e nei ce z/B(Slfle im a Fe foie | ie | Sa jae] at seme wratie | ro ct) | a ate esse ae | aE tre | va | we | ae | ae [ne Bai tap 1-42 dén 1-46, Ket qua thi nghiém phan teh moe a eo a = S saat eho ue try og ing ob yt tone Bat re | owe | oan | oom | oor cou W ab eh ong Hing 121 te | omm | oa | am | ome Ang ra | mo | ae | om | oe wmwnnar [pawn o wes i <= — ra ot ong 3-20) : itm es | sa hs a Ed | “sep rH ri mw | ee ee ee ee = | a ae inh bt a8 rng ob 18ag db no wale G va Wong ar ow Iugng stag bbe 7, al i [| ol bt (ing 1-2) Lea] en |e [oe fom | om a) 45Cheong 11 TINH CHAT CO HOC CUA DAT TOM TAT LY THUYET ‘Musn gidl quyst aking MAF totn co bin cia Co hoe ast hu : tn toén bién dang eda nén dit, x4e diah ste chlu ttt cela nén dat, xe djah 4p Ive dst t4e dung Idn oe vat chin, vy thl true tin phil higu 0 e6e tinh cbc datas ide Angola cfc Jus ns leh he fu cao ind “eho oe ala ait. ‘Trong oo hoe dt, ngubl ta st dung rong rel nbiing k6t qua ‘eda ele ton co hoe ng dung khe (nhu ca hoe If thay, co hoe ede 8t thé ri, Ij thouyét dan Bd, 1 chuyst déo vr.) Nhung i Ik met vt the rat he bite a0 vO eae vA the Whe (as 1h mpt vat AE phan t4n vh es 16 rng) ta Khong thé tay ket qui ci ef mon cs hee khée ma ép dung true Up, nguyen ven eho it; cho nén, ch es'ndm wing cde tinh cht co hoe it ra td Bin chit vit Ij cla dat, mot os thé dong mhing ket (qed cn ede mon co hoe Khde ma gai quyit dng din cde bal oan cia ca hoe 4ét, Navel ta thvdng nb ln my tinh chit 0 ge chinh ela dit nh dud ty. et, Tinh thm eva at 8 trong dat nude di chuyén do ahiéu nguyen ahd nhung ‘quan trong hon ch la dong nude ehiy ssong 18 ning sia dat 46 voi tée dng eta gradien thiy Ive. Dong chy 36, goi Ia dong ‘him va Hoh chit €6 cha dt (oude of thé chy qua 16,x609) {5 I8 tin thkon om Thi nghidm ching tO ring + dang Uhm lt mee ding chty Gag, nghla Ik nd tukn theo djah lust Dare, cho nda ta 06 witha vekl ary ‘Trong 4 y= etn 66 em T= gration thay We 5 ai 1 Wl AH = dp ehénh oft nude ép : li ~ chity Qh dung thm ‘te bat itm te a wy — Meo thf ce dt, 24 dah Dang IAL aghiem tye cp. Hef tam ca dep thuge ck thd, hin daag Bat, betcha va db cht et. To git of th) iy trong ‘Boe phn vt ot a8. Ca chi y ring dinh tute Darcy chi ding tong met hhotng shat inh ast vol o8e dit ca, dong thins ch 18 dbog shhy {og HAUT a Bom Tg 858 WO Yigg GY 1D 0 che ak si, graion T phat Ion Bom mb tl 6 got I gradien ban du i, tbh moh ef dong thn DS wt cdo At ke gl ta 6 ew ehoe dI-1 ik vek -y aay Nis Whi dat o6 miu 1op chigu By hy, Ry yy ow hy vt 1p 86 thm cia ting Hop By yy Hy oe yh xe Bag ‘hain qua Khoi dst e6 thé ding be o6 thém'twong duong ly ‘Trubng hep dong thm song song voi mat phan lop (thm sngang, blah Hi-1) th tt kh) OH “ aTHm by thy to hy Neu ta xem ce lop dit of hp 66 thin hdc mbes nh moe lop €¢ ding abit of he a6 thin lak, thi chide day tong ‘éaong, cbs lbp dt 45 tah theo cong thie + fe Rahs . am) Thi do: ky = a a he = hy Baia sea ame My 6 tn ah rong ce th ng < My ink tong ole tly > Trvong hep ding tin vung gio vel mot ph op hin ng a I) a arta Fe z frie He h, 1 hy Chieu day twong duong Miah #6 cin ofc lop Ast KAI eo ‘chong shu mot 1op Alt c6 bp 6 thin iy 18 arte EM arin ig My gid tr Lon mat trong ce by tht yg > H ig My gid to} abd at trong ce kth yg < HL 4“ ease Wy Lili Mk it Teg pe eg nom | CLL wey ee Middl Khi dong thir chiy qua Kh6i dat, ng tdc dyng len dst lye ce dong thim, ngubi ta phdl vé ra ton 60 hf thing che dung ng va dung the 12, Tinh bién dang eds dst 1 Git ahiet tn itm dang tae th. Modan Bign dang v8 bg 35 mt hing (46 86 Poisson) ela dae DE xée dinh'trang thA! Ung eu8t ~ bién dang cla ner dat, ign nay ngubi ta gp dung ring rth gid thet sem dit Ia mbtNat Wh bin dang tuyéa tinh (nghia Ik dS voi dt dng aust va itn dang co lien hf bc ubst vol nha). GIA thet ny. erm ‘hu ehfp nhgn dupe néu ti trong tac vag len nén lwsoy fo, he (trong tits chun Vige Nam — dyn thoo seu chu Lien XO tude diy ~ o néu ra gid th vA trong gi han 2 4p dung i hlet nay, md nila nguoi tudng gol Kong chinh xt Id feng d0 tia chusn cin dit, wi ky hige R, ‘Trin oo 9d gid thi nb vty, ngutl te dp dng hing kee red cay thuyét dan hot (stdin Tot gil fe bai oda ve ung ‘sult ~ biga dang eix mot nia king ian dan hol hose met Dua mat phing dan hii) cho nén da DSi wii dit, bo 56 t) 16 size ung cust vA Lien dang got a modun bite dang B (mk long gol Ia médun da hh! eke ‘it lieu dan hol). Dieu nay che 9 1 kong aking ear lool dae hie nbau eS médun bigs dang E khée nhsty ma ngay vol ‘mot lot dat, modun bigh dang E cing bidn doi tty thuge nhieu x60 t6 nhu trang thii cha dat, Khodng ap Ive nen, lich st gia ta vr Modum bign dang E ede dét hung dvoe xe dioh bang thi fghiom na dat 9 Wen trvng. TW ket qud thi nghlém te ab Bush theo cong thie ad Bea-gXy ara) ‘Trong ds 1 ~ tog tai trong ide dung len tam néo ; 5 ~ t6ng d0 tin ede ifm nén, dng véi tai trong N ; 4 ~ dong inh tim nén era (n6u 260 nén vuong ed thE F > NO 56 nd hong he 66 Poisson) ola dt, ang dung Kioh tong duong dy = 2 Ki muda thm modun bigs dong B cin d6t trong khokag i trong dp, aust phat tiene thde (I-2), sau mot val bes 146 tao ode cong this sav 50 pa GoH).0.d.t a2) pe Goeette aay rong eh om thie 7 a Paton eat hy gn ng nh au — ~—rs— 2 = 088 "= ding Kish bin néo tn vk cgmh ban én weeny 4p = kntng sll tong ofa Sin E Gat pM cuDg ts sco ay ta ns ae = a6 i ln ang Ol Ap : Cg nb dios tthe din 3 fos moun vt 06 Poloon nd} dung dng Bvt bp af Pocon in {ty de tng he Unb hee dng ch eX eo pla dt cing hve de ting. Bin 49g Plate dion ‘Sang ght shang thng tg be od bia Grong hing Ah hp, sy oto chon We lung M8 fhe bang T-1 mins cu ‘5p age | Send ang ng i ch me cite | SEIT |S tictersrac a Stn 2. Thi mph nn Alt ten my mén mbt tve thing mb hing (ocdomter) vi dcbag con nn ce da «lt, trong phong thi ghlem D6 nghitn edu tink né dn ca 1 pha tht ng nguoi ta thing én Jkt blog may nén mgt true ! trong hop 5rnéh (e6 vich eng) mu dat chi bién dang theo phuong thing ing md tho, #0, 4, = 4, = 0). Mu Ade cbjo ang cust rin theo eh ba chigu (,"= p= ap le nén, 0, = 6, = 80, 5 E> oi It hp 66 ap Ive hong eda ax. Vi itn dang fin cis mbu dt chi 18 do thay dh the Hck 16 edng (thé eich bet shin nue xem whe Khéng thay di) cho tn Khi do duce db fon cis miu dit nguoi ta euy te dd rEg, ho 06 ring ola n6. Dudng bitu didn quan he glee ap le néo va hp 96 ring e gol Ik dutng nén cle dit. (Ca har ofeh BiEw didn quan Be gSUR p (ap Ive nén) vA HE 6 ring 6 CCéch thi mat 1a ding 48 thi e Kloge) hay @ = fog) ‘Tren #6 thi ny thye nghiém cho théy o6 bi ahsnb thing ‘rong Khong dau, Ki dp [ue nén com nko hon mot gid tri pe ote 9), abént thing nay e# 6 dée ahs, dp dé may gol ih C, j trong khotng ép Ive lon hon 6, dvong nén os do ae én hom abi, do d6e may gol 18 el 6 nén Cy Cong thie chung af tinh C, bobe C, nv eau ar-20) 6 6 ~ Khoi &p Ive née, ey Gp ME a6 nog tg 8% 6, 6 Ap We rah gi gita 2 nbinh thing pe those 6) goi 18 sp Ie 06 kat trude (Hiab T-3) Chin lus § 1A o6 thé ve dung cong nén theo Togaet thep ‘phan (Ig) hote logust ty nbien (Ie). Néw ve dubag cong nén ‘theo Ing thi cof én tinh theo cong thie sau at-2ay 2 Ley, = 1daNiem? y= 272 daNiem (e = 2,72) 8 dang tinh duge : © = 6, ~ ey oa 1 Dug nn = 69) a tt, Dig nin © = 19) (Céch tho hai I bigu dlém quan hg p ~e bing 46 thio = fp) hay © = f(), (Hin U-8), ‘Theo N.N. Ivanov phuong trih dom gitn héa cbs dung cong nda Ide nay 6 dang -% ar-28) ‘Teong 46 (e= hg 98 rng Ubi Ap Iye nén 6 > 1 daNien? ; 9, Be a6 fing KAI Sp ue né @ = 1 daNen? Bho a6 duce xde dink e6 k6 an dang logarit cba duing nénKhi 4p dyng cho nhng tinh tosn obngtrinh ngvbi ta thug ang iA thise ane ‘Trong Khodng ing sult né bee d6i ahd, bia thin he 96 ring It bee mht vit bign thién ap Ive nép, ta c6 ‘ae = ~ at as) Hp a6 1) 18 a gol Ih hp 66 nen cla dat. He 96 nén os tha nguyen nguge vOi sng suft, don v) thing ding Ia em, Thay de =e ~ ey A = py ~ Py bleu thie GI ~ 3 vie lai tbonh, tps ~ Py) aa ‘TW GI ~ 4) rot rm otng thas xée dinh bf 96 nén cds dat ace a as) ‘Trong tlah toén agul ta cing hay ding bf 96 nén tah asi a (com gai IA Np 68 men tuong dS, he aS én the Hh my) a ae ‘Trong cfc cong thie (I~ 4) + (I-6) hy hit + Py By ~ Sng sust ném Ide 4€u (erude HAI them tA) va Ise cust aa Ebi them eh Ap = pp ~ Py ~ Sng sult gly Ion ; yO; ~ he 96 whng oda mi at ung vol che Gag aust py, py 3. Ltn Mb ge cle de irene bie dang ob dt én d6t Ubi dupe xem shu mot vét thé bia dong vuyéa tinh’ thl ed hal hing 26 dtc trang co ban TA modun bin dang Eva he 6 nd hong w ; ngoai re, co thé ke them mgt chi du pho nfa IA b¢ 56 ap luc hong . Déng tht, rieng 6 voi dat (vat thé of 18 rg) Kh x6 ll hb gida dng mult nén vA ey 1p 96 xéng ta ding din dge trang M6 66 ném 8, chi 06 nén C, Goge Cp, B¢ 26 ném thé tch m, 15, a, Cy my ms $18 aking dee trang biéa dong cds dt rma ta chioag gap. Nblng dge trang nty e6 val td, 9 nghla lense nhas. Nhung gids ching of nbing lita be diab lugag. "TW 06 tN6 tinh ra tj a6 § (hf 68 nén hong) theo hp thie ford a ote ngwee la veg ae) iF (Giza modun bigo dang B vi M6 06 nén a of he thdc patey pete e a9) = oR ote mews tt weg on) ee fy mo Cin Iau ¥ eng thi nghlgm nén dat tet méy na mot frye Khong nd hong trong phong cho ta ket qd médun bign eng E nh hon nhigu eo vél médun bign dang E xée dink bing ‘MC nghigm én ngoAl ldo trubng. 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TW 46 phan blgt ate thing ct khong eS et, khong thost ude wei cde thing 56 8 ‘ro G4 B00 ching edt 8 Ke, thodt nude vEt fe thong 06 »', va teubag hop trung glen IA see chdag oft o6 Ke, thong {hott nude. B6i vi d&t bao ha ng aust téng 0, dng sult how higu @” vA p lye nue 16 rag u os quan h@ nb say orate any 2 itu ktm bin v8 du kfm cn ling gt han Xét mot phn 06 A6t, phen 16 aly bén' (én dink) "née tai moi mat Bat hy vin dim bdo duge digo kita: rer a ‘rong 45 TF = ung sult eft do tA trong ngcil gty r= = ate ching oft ele dt (phy thute lost 46 va trang. tt cba 28) Mgt phtn tS 60 bi phd hing (mat Go din, bf trugt (ot) theo mot mgt nko dé neu trim mee &y (mat ta thuong go IA mat trugt) d5t ti digo kien : ree raz) ‘Thye ra KAT ng suft oft T tang len deh mde bing ede chdag elt cin di ri thi chl em mgt of gla rit bé ola © 18 phn t6 Gy bj pbé héng, tract theo mae tragl, mA F Khong tang Ten ne, cho nen dige kign (0-12) pha viet la rer cits) Dige kita nay cing gol 18 didw kita ofa bing git han eda ate, d8 ego ding ta biga dBi (I-13) ehinh leo kita 6 aa ‘rong 45 0 ~ ge Itch ang soft tng vA tng sudt phi tuyéa cia mat phlng dang 33 5 fp = 60 mn at trong cba datKhi mot phi t6 oft dat ti trang thél chin Bing gidt han (inon man dibs Kign (0-14) thl ede thinh phén dng sudt cla td thia ink of biéw thd seu. De voi dat x84 oe = sing ars) ‘Bigu thae (I-15) vet voi ede thin phn ag aust chin ry 0, ; ns ta vist voi ofc think pha Ung eust o, 6, vA Ty hl say = DEG, : sp avs) aa a vt dah 6 0 = agp | a - Go vey cade ace) cree) Trong ode cing thie (I-16) + I-16) 0p Gp fy ~ thank phn Ung cust eda phtn 6 mA ua xt ote tal idm ta xé 0p 2 ~ thinh phfo dng east chinh cia phan wy (il tad phing). ‘p.€ ~ cle tham of ade ching oft ci dit, tng trubag hop Wa py oy (ede kang eft khong thost nude) bone cae khdng elt 06 kit, thost nue ~ ung vol ap Ive hw higw 0) Che Biu the I-16) + (I-16) thudng duge goi cde 4igu Alen tn bang got han cia Mohr-Rankine oo Ghi chs. Tinh chit oo he thi tw cla dae 1 tink dm eh. Pho nay Bil tp et don gltn (4p dyng chuong 1) nen Khong toon ue 8 a cau HOr KIM TRA 1. Phdt bie inh lost dong thin 44t Gt han Ap dng cba inh Tutt nay ? 2. Din nghia bo thin tuong duong tring hop dng thin gang wi ding thin ding? 8. Ap Ive thts 18g ? GIA ele cag the tin &p We thos? 4: Dinh nghia cfc ch tes bits dang B, a, Cy my § oda ft. New ‘fe phuong php xe di efc ch iu Hy a, 6, m,@ trong ping. ‘a ngoalhign trubag ? 5. New oe ch thé Ma kt gut th nghlém nn dt ttn my nn mot trve trong phng th mph, Cash xe dink dp lye Uta est ? 6. Thi nghigm nén e6 kt ? dp dyng het qua thi nghigm nén o6 Ke (48 ade dinh hing #6 06 htt C, va ho 96 thank? * “Phat bigu gd hit nénbign dang tuyén tinh ? Gi eit may doe ‘ap dong nh thf nto ? ita kita dé 4p dyng gid thik may cho én att? 8, Phit bigs inh lugt v6 tah chdng eft eli dat ? 9. Now Khai nigm vé ng eu ing, ag oust bib ouh, Ap ue muse Wing? BAI TAP Bai tap HL. Mgt miu &t o6 ti6t ditn ngang F = 25 om? ‘azge thi nphitn x4e dink b= thm k vai e6t aude ap Khong {45 Khouag cdeh gida cto dim ag: sp ke? L= 100 mm ‘Gian 7