1

Cu 1.

Vi mi s t nhin n 2 hy so snh:

1
1
1
1
+ 2 + 2 + .... + 2 vi 1 .
2
2
3
4
n
1
1
1
1
b. B = 2 + 2 + 2 + ... +
vi 1/2
2
4
6
(2n )2

a. A=

Cu 2:

Tm phn nguyn ca , vi = 2 + 3

3 4 4
n +1
+
+ .... + n +1
2
3
n

Cu 3:
Tm t l 3 cnh ca mt tam gic, bit rng cng ln lt di hai ng
cao ca tam gic th t l cc kt qu l 5: 7 : 8.
Cu 4:
Cho gc xoy , trn hai cnh ox v oy ln lt ly cc im A v B cho
AB c di nh nht.
Cu 5:
Chng minh rng nu a, b, c v a + b + c l cc s hu t.
----------------------------------------------------------

2:
Mn: Ton 7
Bi 1: (3 im): Tnh
1
2
2 3
1

18 6 (0, 06 : 7 2 + 3 5 .0,38) : 19 2 3 .4 4

Bi 2: (4 im): Cho
a)

a2 + c2 a
=
b2 + c2 b

a c
= chng minh rng:
c b
b2 a 2 b a
b) 2 2 =
a +c
a

Bi 3:(4 im) Tm x bit:

1
5

a) x + 4 = 2

b)

15
3 6
1
x+ = x
12
7 5
2

Bi 4: (3 im) Mt vt chuyn ng trn cc cnh hnh vung. Trn hai cnh u vt

chuyn ng vi vn tc 5m/s, trn cnh th ba vi vn tc 4m/s, trn cnh th t vi
vn tc 3m/s. Hi di cnh hnh vung bit rng tng thi gian vt chuyn ng trn
bn cnh l 59 giy

= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm
Bi 5: (4 im) Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
trong tam gic ABC). Tia phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
a) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
b) AM = BC

Bi 6: (2 im): Tm x, y bit: 25 y 2 = 8( x 2009) 2

3
Bi 1:(4 im)
a) Thc hin php tnh:

A=

212.35 46.92

( 2 .3)
2

+ 8 .3
4

510.73 255.492

(125.7 )

+ 59.143

b) Chng minh rng : Vi mi s nguyn dng n th :

3n+ 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n chia ht cho 10
Bi 2:(4 im)
Tm x bit:
a. x

1 4
2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) +
3 5
5

b. ( x 7 )
Bi 3: (4 im)

x +1

( x 7)

x +11

=0

a) S A c chia thnh 3 s t l theo

2 3 1
: : . Bit rng tng cc bnh phng ca
5 4 6

ba s bng 24309. Tm s A.
b) Cho

a2 + c2 a
a c
=
= . Chng minh rng: 2
c b
b + c2 b

Bi 4: (4 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, M l trung im ca BC. Trn tia i ca ca tia MA ly im E
sao cho ME = MA. Chng minh rng:
a) AC = EB v AC // BE
b) Gi I l mt im trn AC ; K l mt im trn EB sao cho AI = EK . Chng
minh ba im I , M , K thng hng
 = 50o ; MEB
 =25o .
c) T E k EH BC ( H BC ) . Bit HBE
 v BME

Tnh HEM
Bi 5: (4 im)

= 200 , v tam gic u DBC (D nm trong tam gic
Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A c A
ABC). Tia phn gic ca gc ABD ct AC ti M. Chng minh:
c) Tia AD l phn gic ca gc BAC
d) AM=BC

4
Bi 1: (2 im)
2

Cho A = 2-5+8-11+14-17++98-101
a, Vit dng tng qut dng th n ca A
b, Tnh A
Bi 2: ( 3 im)
Tm x,y,z trong cc trng hp sau:
a, 2x = 3y =5z v x 2 y =5
b, 5x = 2y, 2x = 3z v xy = 90.
c,

y + z +1 x + z + 2 x + y 3
1
=
=
=
x
y
z
x+ y+ z

Bi 3: ( 1 im)
1. Cho

a1 a2 a3
a
a
=
=
= ... = 8 = 9 v (a1+a2++a9 0)
a2 a3 a4
a9 a1

Chng minh: a1 = a2 = a3== a9

2. Cho t l thc:

a +b+c a b+c
v b 0
=
a +bc a bc

Chng minh c = 0
Bi 4: ( 2 im)
Cho 5 s nguyn a1, a2, a3, a4, a5. Gi b1, b2, b3, b4, b5 l hon v ca 5 s cho.
Chng minh rng tch (a1-b1).(a2-b2).(a3-b3).(a4-b4).(a5-b5) 2
Bi 5: ( 2 im)
Cho on thng AB v O l trung im ca on thng . Trn hai na mt
phng i nhau qua AB, k hai tia Ax v By song song vi nhau. Trn tia Ax ly hai
im D v F sao cho AC = BD v AE = BF.
Chng minh rng : ED = CF.
=== Ht===

5
Bi 1: (3 im)

4,5 : 47,375 26 18.0, 75 .2, 4 : 0,88

3

1. Thc hin php tnh:

2 5
17,81:1,37 23 :1
3 6

2. Tm cc gi tr ca x v y tho mn: 2 x 27

2007

+ ( 3 y + 10 )

2008

=0

3. Tm cc s a, b sao cho 2007ab l bnh phng ca s t nhin.

Bi 2: ( 2 im)
1. Tm x,y,z bit:

x 1 y 2 z 3
v x-2y+3z = -10
=
=
2
3
4

2. Cho bn s a,b,c,d khc 0 v tho mn: b2 = ac; c2 = bd; b3 + c3 + d3 0

Chng minh rng:

a 3 + b3 + c3 a
=
b3 + c3 + d 3 d

Bi 3: ( 2 im)
1. Chng minh rng:

1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ... +
> 10
1
2
3
100

2. Tm x,y C = -18- 2 x 6 3 y + 9 t gi tr ln nht.

Bi 4: ( 3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC vung cn ti A c trung tuyn AM. E l im thuc cnh
BC.
K BH, CK vung gc vi AE (H, K thuc AE).
1, Chng minh: BH = AK
2, Cho bit MHK l tam gic g? Ti sao?
=== Ht===

s 6
Cu 1:
Tm cc s a,b,c bit rng: ab =c ;bc= 4a; ac=9b
Cu 2:
Tm s nguyn x tho mn:
a,5x-3 < 2
b,3x+1 >4
c, 4- x +2x =3
Cu3:
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:
A =x +8 -x
2
2
3
2
Bit rng :1 +2 +3 +...+10 = 385. Tnh tng : S= 22+ 42+...+202
Cu 4:
Cu 5 :
4

Cho tam gic ABC ,trung tuyn AM .Gi I l trung im ca on thng AM, BI ct
cnh AC ti D.
a. Chng minh AC=3 AD
b. Chng minh ID =1/4BD
-------------------------------------- Ht -----------------------------------------

s 7
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
a
b c
a+b+c
a
= =
Cho:
. Chng minh:
= .
b
c d
d
b+c +d
a
c
b
Tm A bit rng: A =
.
=
=
b+c a+b c+a
3

Cu 1 . ( 2)
Cu 2. (1).
Cu 3. (2).
a). A =

Tm x Z A Z v tm gi tr .
x+3
.
x2

Cu 4. (2). Tm x, bit:
a)
x 3 = 5 .

b). A =
b).

1 2x
.
x+3

( x+ 2) 2 = 81.

c). 5 x + 5 x+ 2 = 650

Cu 5. (3).
Cho
ABC vung cn ti A, trung tuyn AM . E BC, BH AE,
CK AE, (H,K AE). Chng minh
MHK vung cn.
-------------------------------- Ht -----------------------------------

s 8
Thi gian lm bi : 120 pht.
Cu 1 : ( 3 im).
1. Ba ng cao ca tam gic ABC c di l 4,12 ,a . Bit rng a l mt s t
nhin. Tm a ?
2. Chng minh rng t t l thc

a c
= ( a,b,c ,d 0, ab, cd) ta suy ra c cc
b d

t l thc:
a)

a
c
=
.
ab cd

b)

a+b c+d
=
.
b
d

Cu 2: ( 1 im).
Tm s nguyn x sao cho: ( x2 1)( x2 4)( x2 7)(x2 10)
< 0.
Cu 3: (2 im).
Tm gi tr nh nht ca: A = | x-a| + | x-b| + |x-c| + | x-d|
vi a<b<c<d.
Cu 4: ( 2 im). Cho hnh v.
a, Bit Ax // Cy. so snh gc ABC vi gc A+ gc C.
b, gc ABC = gc A + gc C. Chng minh Ax // Cy.
x

A
B
vi

y
C
Cu 5: (2 im)
T im O ty trong tam gic ABC, k OM, ON , OP ln lt vung gc vi cc
cnh BC, CA, Ab. Chng minh rng:
AN2 + BP2 + CM2 = AP2 + BM2 + CN2
---------------------------- Ht --------------------------------

s 9
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Cu 1(2):
3 4 5
100
+ 4 + 5 + ... + 100
3
2 2 2
2
b) Tm n Z sao cho : 2n - 3 n + 1

a) Tnh: A = 1 +

Cu 2 (2):
a) Tm x bit: 3x - 2 x + 1 = 2
b) Tm x, y, z bit: 3(x-1) = 2(y-2), 4(y-2) = 3(z-3) v 2x+3y-z = 50.
Cu 3(2): Ba phn s c tng bng

213
, cc t ca chng t l vi 3; 4; 5, cc mu
70

ca chng t l vi 5; 1; 2. Tm ba phn s .
Cu 4(3): Cho tam gic ABC cn nh A. Trn cnh AB ly im D, trn tia i ca
tia CA ly im E sao cho BD = CE. Gi I l trung im ca DE. Chng minh ba im
B, I, C thng hng.
Cu 5(1):

Tm x, y thuc Z bit: 2x +

1
1
=
7
y

---------------------------------------------------Ht------------------------------------------

s 10
Thi gian lm bi: 120.
Cu 1: Tnh :
1
1
1
1
+
+
+ .... +
.
1 .2 2 .3 3 .4
99.100
1
1
1
1
b) B = 1+ (1 + 2) + (1 + 2 + 3) + (1 + 2 + 3 + 4) + .... + (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 20)
2
3
4
20

a) A =

Cu 2:
a) So snh: 17 + 26 + 1
b) Chng minh rng:

v 99 .

1
1
1
1
+
+
+ .... +
> 10 .
1
2
3
100

Cu 3:
Tm s c 3 ch s bit rng s l bi ca 18 v cc ch s ca n t l theo 1:2:3
Cu 4
6

Cho tam gic ABC c gc B v gc C nh hn 900 . V ra pha ngoi tam gic y

cc tam gic vung cn ABD v ACE ( trong gc ABD v gc ACE u bng 900 ),
v DI v EK cng vung gc vi ng thng BC. Chng minh rng:
a. BI=CK; EK = HC;
b. BC = DI + EK.
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc : A = x 2001 + x 1
Cu 5:
------------------------------------------ ht ---------------------------------------------

s 11
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Cu 1: (1,5 ) Tm x bit:
a,

x + 2 x + 3 x + 4 x + 5 x + 349
+
+
+
+
=0
327
326
325
324
5

b, 5 x 3 7
Cu2:(3 im)
0

1
1
1
1
a, Tnh tng: S = + + + ........ +
7 7 7
7
1 2 3
99
<1
b, CMR: + + + ........ +
2! 3! 4!
100!

2007

c, Chng minh rng mi s nguyn dng n th: 3n+2 2n+2 +3n 2n chia ht cho
10
Cu3: (2 im)
di ba cnh ca mt tam gic t l vi 2;3;4. Hi ba chiu cao
tng ng ba cnh t l vi s no?
Cu 4: (2,5im) Cho tam gic ABC c gc B = 60 0 hai ng phn gic AP v CQ ca
tam gic ct nhau ti I.
a, Tnh gc AIC
b, CM : IP = IQ
Cu5: (1 im)

Cho B =

1
. Tm s nguyn n B c gi tr ln nht.
2(n 1) 2 + 3

---------------------------------- ht ----------------------------------

s 12
Thi gian : 120
Cu 1 : (3) Tm s hu t x, bit :
a) (x 1)5 = - 243 .
b)

x+2 x+2 x+2 x+2 x+2

+
+
=
+
15
11
12
13
14

c) x - 2 x = 0
Cu 2 : (3)

(x 0 )
7

a, Tm s nguyn x v y bit :

5 y 1
+ =
x 4 8

b, Tm s nguyn x A c gi tr l 1 s nguyn bit : A =

Cu 3 : (1)

x +1
x 3

(x 0 )

Tm x bit : 2. 5 x 3 - 2x = 14

Cu 4 : (3)
a, Cho ABC c cc gc A, B , C t l vi 7; 5; 3 . Cc gc ngoi tng ng t l
vi cc s no .
b, Cho ABC cn ti A v < 900 . K BD vung gc vi AC . Trn cnh AB
ly im E sao cho : AE = AD . Chng minh :
1) DE // BC
2) CE vung gc vi AB .
-----------------------------------Ht--------------------------------

s 13
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi1( 3 im)
a, Tnh:

1 176 12 10
1
) ( 1,75)
10 (26
11 3
3
7
3
A=
5
(
60
91 0,25). 1
11

b, Tnh nhanh: (18.123 + 9.436.2 + 3.5310.6) : (1 + 4 +7 ++ 100 410)

Bi 2: ( 2im). Tm 3 s nguyn dng sao cho tng cc nghch o ca chng bng
2.
Bi 3: (2 im). Cn bao nhiu ch s nh s trang mt cun sch dy 234 trang.
Bi 4: ( 3 im) Cho ABC vung ti B, ng cao BE Tm s o cc gc nhn ca
tam gic , bit EC EA = AB.
-------------------------------------------- ht -------------------------------------------

s 14
Thi gian lm bi 120 pht
Bi 1(2 im).

Cho A = x + 5 + 2 x.

a.Vit biu thc A di dng khng c du gi tr tuyt i.

b.Tm gi tr nh nht ca A.
Bi 2 ( 2 im)
1 1 1 1
1
1
< 2 + 2 + 2 + ....... +
< .
2
6 5 6 7
100
4
2a + 9 5a + 17 3a
b.Tm s nguyn a :
+

l s nguyn.
a+3
a+3 a+3

a.Chng minh rng :

Tm n l s t nhin : A = ( n + 5)( n + 6 ) 6n.

Bi 3(2,5 im).

Bi 4(2 im)
Cho gc xOy c nh. Trn tia Ox ly M, Oy ly N sao cho OM +
ON = m khng i. Chng minh : ng trung trc ca MN i qua mt im c nh.
Bi 5(1,5 im). Tm a thc bc hai sao cho : f ( x ) f ( x 1) = x. .
p dng tnh tng : S = 1 + 2 + 3 + + n.
----------------------------- Ht -------------------------

s 15
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Cu 1: (2)

Rt gn A=

x x2
x + 8 x 20
2

Cu 2 (2) Ba lp 7A,7B,7C c 94 hc sinh tham gia trng cy. Mi hc sinh lp 7A

trng c 3 cy, Mi hc sinh lp 7B trng c 4 cy, Mi hc sinh lp 7C trng
c 5 cy,. Hi mi lp c bao nhiu hc sinh. Bit rng s cy mi lp trng c u
nh nhau.
Cu 3: (1,5)

Chng minh rng

102006 + 53
l mt s t nhin.
9

Cu 4 : (3) Cho gc xAy = 600 v tia phn gic Az ca gc . T mt im B trn

Ax v ng thng song song vi vi Ay ct Az ti C. v Bh Ay,CM Ay, BK AC.
Chng minh rng:
a, K l trung im ca AC.
b, BH =

AC
2

c, KMC u
Cu 5 (1,5 )
Trong mt k thi hc sinh gii cp Huyn, bn bn Nam, Bc, Ty,
ng ot 4 gii 1,2,3,4 . Bit rng mi cu trong 3 cu di y ng mt na v sai 1
na:
a, Ty t gii 1, Bc t gii 2.
b, Ty t gii 2, ng t gii 3.
c, Nam t gii 2, ng t gii 4.
Em hy xc nh th t ng ca gii cho cc bn.
--------------------------------- Ht --------------------------------------

s 16:
Thi gian lm bi 120 pht
Cu 1: (2) Tm x, bit:
b) 2 x 3 > 5
a) 3x 2 x = 7

c) 3x 1 7

d) 3x 5 + 2 x + 3 = 7

Cu 2: (2)
a) Tnh tng S = 1+52+ 54+...+ 5200
9

b) So snh 230 + 330 + 430 v 3.2410

Cu 3: (2) Cho tam gic ABC c gc B bng 600. Hai tia phn gic AM v CN ca
tam gic ABC ct nhau ti I.
a) Tnh gc AIC
b) Chng minh IM = IN
Cu 4: (3) Cho M,N ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB v Ac ca tam gic ABC.
Cc ng phn gic v phn gic ngoi ca tam gic k t B ct ng thng MN ln
lt ti D v E cc tia AD v AE ct ng thng BC theo th t ti P v Q. Chng
minh:
a) BD AP; BE AQ;
b) B l trung im ca PQ
c) AB = DE
Cu 5: (1)

Vi gi tr nguyn no ca x th biu thc A=

14 x
C gi tr ln nht?
4x

Tm gi tr .
-------------------------------------- Ht ----------------------------------------

s 17:
Cu 1: ( 1,5 im) Tm x, bit:
a. 4 x + 3 - x = 15.
b. 3x 2 - x > 1.

c. 2 x + 3 5.

Cu2: ( 2 im)
a. Tnh tng: A= (- 7) + (-7)2 + + (- 7)2006 + (- 7)2007. Chng minh rng: A chia
ht cho 43.
b. Chng minh rng iu kin cn v m2 + m.n + n2 chia ht cho 9 l: m, n
chia ht cho 3.
di cc cnh ca mt tam gic t l vi nhau nh th
Cu 3: ( 23,5 im)
no,bit nu cng ln lt di tng hai ng cao ca tam gic th cc tng ny t
l theo 3:4:5.
Cu 4: ( 3 im ) Cho tam gic ABC cn ti A. D l mt im nm trong tam gic, bit

ADB > 
ADC . Chng minh rng: DB < DC.

Cu 5: ( 1 im ) Tm GTLN ca biu thc:

A = x 1004 - x + 1003 .

-------------------------------------- Ht ---------------------------------

s 18
Cu 1 (2 im): Tm x, bit :
a. 3x 2 +5x = 4x-10

b. 3+ 2x + 5 > 13

Cu 2: (3 im )
a. Tm mt s c 3 ch s bit rng s chia ht cho 18 v cc ch s ca n t
l vi 1, 2, 3.
b. Chng minh rng: Tng A=7 +72+73+74+...+74n chia ht cho 400 (n N).
Cu 3 : (1im )cho hnh v , bit + + = 1800 chng minh Ax// By.
10

A
C

Cu 4 (3 im )
Cho tam gic cn ABC, c 
ABC =1000. K phn gic trong ca gc
CAB ct AB ti D. Chng minh rng: AD + DC =AB
Cu 5 (1 im )
Tnh tng. S = (-3)0 + (-3)1+ (-3)2 + .....+ (-3)2004.

s 19
Thi gian lm bi: 120 ph
Bi 1: (2,5)

Thc hin php tnh sau mt cch hp l:

Bi 2: (2,5)

1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1 1

90 72 56 42 30 20 12 6 2

Tnh gi tr nh nht ca biu thc: A = x 2 + 5 x

Bi 3: (4) Cho tam gic ABC. Gi H, G,O ln lt l trc tm , trng tm v giao

im ca 3 ng trung trc trong tam gic. Chng minh rng:
a. AH bng 2 ln khong cch t O n BC
b. Ba im H,G,O thng hng v GH = 2 GO
Bi 4: (1 ) Tm tng cc h s ca a thc nhn c sau khi b du ngoc trong
biu thc
(3-4x+x2)2006.(3+ 4x + x2)2007.
------------------------------------------- Ht ------------------------------------------

20
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Cu 1(3): Chng minh rng
A = 22011969 + 11969220 + 69220119 chia ht cho 102
Cu 2(3): Tm x, bit:
a. x + x + 2 = 3 ;
b. 3x 5 = x + 2
Cu 3(3): Cho tam gic ABC. Gi M, N, P theo th t l trung im ca BC, CA, AB.
Cc ng trung trc ca tam gic gp nhau tai 0. Cc ng cao AD, BE, CF gp nhau ti
H. Gi I, K, R theo th t l trung im ca HA, HB, HC.
a) C/m H0 v IM ct nhau ti Q l trung im ca mi on.
b) C/m QI = QM = QD = 0A/2
c) Hy suy ra cc kt qu tng t nh kt qu cu b.
Cu 4(1): Tm gi tr ca x biu thc A = 10 - 3|x-5| t gi tr ln nht.
--------------------------------------------- Ht --------------------------------------------11

 21:
Bi 1: (2)

Cho biu thc A =

a) Tnh gi tr ca A ti x =

x 5
x +3
1
4

b) Tm gi tr ca x A = - 1
c) Tm gi tr nguyn ca x A nhn gi tr nguyn.
Bi 2. (3)
a) Tm x bit: 7 x = x 1
b) Tnh tng M = 1 + (- 2) + (- 2)2 + +(- 2)2006
c) Cho a thc: f(x) = 5x3 + 2x4 x2 + 3x2 x3 x4 + 1 4x3. Chng t rng
a thc trn khng c nghim
Bi 3.(1Hi tam gic ABC l tam gic g bit rng cc gc ca tam gic t l vi 1, 2,
3.
Bi 4.(3) Cho tam gic ABC c gc B bng 600. Hai tia phn gic AM v CN ca
tam gic ABC ct nhau ti I.
a) Tnh gc AIC
b) Chng minh IM = IN
Bi 5. (1)

Cho biu thc A =

2006 x
.
6x

Tm gi tr nguyn ca x A t gi tr

ln nht. Tm gi tr ln nht .
---------------------------------------- Ht --------------------------------------

22
Cu 1:
1.Tnh:
15

1
1
a. .

20

2 4

2. Rt gn: A =

25

1
1
b. :
9

30

4 5 .9 4 2 .6 9
210.38 + 6 8.20

3. Biu din s thp phn di dng phn s v ngc li:

12

a.

7
33

b.

7
22

c. 0, (21)

d. 0,5(16)

Cu 2: Trong mt t lao ng, ba khi 7, 8, 9 chuyn ch c 912 m3 t. Trung

bnh mi hc sinh khi 7, 8, 9 theo th t lm c 1,2 ; 1,4 ; 1,6 m3 t. S hc sinh
khi 7, 8 t l vi 1 v 3. Khi 8 v 9 t l vi 4 v 5. Tnh s hc sinh mi khi.
Cu 3:
a.Tm gi tr ln nht ca biu thc: A =

3
( x + 2) 2 + 4

b.Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc: B = (x+1)2 + (y + 3)2 + 1

Cu 4: Cho tam gic ABC cn (CA = CB) v C = 800. Trong tam gic sao cho
 = 300 v MAB
 = 100 .Tnh MAC
.
MBA

Cu 5:

Chng minh rng : nu (a,b) = 1 th (a2,a+b) = 1.

------------------------------------- Ht -------------------------------------

23
Thi gian: 120 pht.
Cu I: (2)
1) Cho

a 1 b + 3 c 5
=
=
v 5a - 3b - 4 c = 46 . Xc nh a, b, c
2
4
6

2) Cho t l thc :

a c
2a 2 3ab + 5b 2 2c 2 3cd + 5d 2
= . Chng minh :
=
. Vi iu
b d
2b 2 + 3ab
2d 2 + 3cd

kin mu thc xc nh.

Cu II : Tnh : (2)
1
1
1
+
+ .... +
3 .5 5 .7
97.99
1
1
1 1
1
2) B = + 2 3 + ..... + 50 51
3 3
3
3
3

1) A =

Cu III : (1,5 ) i thnh phn s cc s thp phn sau :

a.
0,2(3) ;
b.
1,12(32).
Cu IV : (1.5)
Xc nh cc a thc bc 3 bit : P(0) = 10; P(1) = 12; P(2) = 4 ;
p(3) = 1
Cu V : (3) Cho tam gic ABC c 3 gc nhn. Dng ra pha ngoi 2 tam gic vung
cn nh A l ABD v ACE . Gi M;N;P ln lt l trung im ca BC; BD;CE .
a. Chng minh : BE = CD v BE vi CD
b. Chng minh tam gic MNP vung cn
---------------------------------------------- Ht -----------------------------------------------

13

 24
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi 1 (1,5): Thc hin php tnh:
3
3
+
11 12 + 1,5 + 1 0, 75
a) A =
5
5
5
2,5 + 1, 25
0, 265 + 0,5
11 12
3
0,375 0,3 +

b) B = 1 + 22 + 24 + ... + 2100
Bi 2 (1,5):
a) So snh: 230 + 330 + 430 v 3.2410
b) So snh: 4 + 33 v 29 + 14
Bi 3 (2): Ba my xay xay c 359 tn thc. S ngy lm vic ca cc my t l
vi 3:4:5, s gi lm vic ca cc my t l vi 6, 7, 8, cng sut cc my t l nghc vi
5,4,3. Hi mi my xay c bao nhiu tn thc.
Bi 4 (1): Tm x, y bit:
1
1
b) +
+ ... +

a) 3x 4 3

1.2

2.3

1
1
2x =
99.100
2

Bi 5 ( 3): Cho ABC c cc gc nh hn 1200. V pha ngoi tam gic ABC cc

tam gic u ABD, ACE. Gi M l giao im ca DC v BE. Chng minh rng:
 = 120 0
a) BMC
 = 120 0
b) AMB
Bi 6 (1): Cho hm s f(x) xc nh vi mi x thuc R. Bit rng vi mi x ta u
1
x

c: f ( x ) + 3. f ( ) = x 2 . Tnh f(2).
---------------------------------------- Ht ------------------------------------------

25
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Cu 1 (2) Tm x, y, z Z, bit
a. x + x = 3 - x
x
6

b.

1 1
=
y 2

c. 2x = 3y; 5x = 7z v 3x - 7y + 5z = 30
Cu 2 (2)
a. Cho A = (
14

1
1
1
1
1
1).( 2 1).( 2 1)...(
1) . Hy so snh A vi
2
2
2
2
3
4
100

b. Cho B =

x +1
x 3

. Tm x Z B c gi tr l mt s nguyn dng

Cu 3 (2)
Mt ngi i t A n B vi vn tc 4km/h v d nh n B lc 11 gi 45 pht. Sau
khi i c

1
qung ng th ngi i vi vn tc 3km/h nn n B lc 12 gi tra.
5

Tnh qung ngAB v ngi khi hnh lc my gi?

Cu 4 (3) Cho ABC c A > 900. Gi I l trung im ca cnh AC. Trn tia i ca
tia IB ly im D sao cho IB = ID. Ni c vi D.
a. Chng minh AIB = CID
b. Gi M l trung im ca BC; N l trung im ca CD. Chng minh rng I l
trung im ca MN

c. Chng minh AIB 
AIB < BIC
d. Tm iu kin ca ABC AC CD

Cu 5 (1)

Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc: P =

14 x
; x Z . Khi x nhn gi
4x

tr nguyn no?
----------------------------- Ht ---------------------------------------

26
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi 1: (2,5)
a. Tm x bit : 2 x 6 +5x = 9
1 1 1 1
b. Thc hin php tnh : (1 +2 +3 + ...+ 90). ( 12.34 6.68) : + + + ;
3

c. So snh A = 20 +21 +22 +23+ 24 +...+2100 v B = 2101 .

Bi 2 :(1,5) Tm t l ba cnh ca mt tam gic bit rng nu cng ln lt di
tng hai ng cao ca tam gic th t l cc kt qu l :5 : 7 : 8.
Bi 3 :(2)

Cho biu thc A =

a. Tnh gi tr ca A ti x =

x +1
x 1

16
25
v x =
.
9
9

b. Tm gi tr ca x A =5.
Bi 4 :(3) Cho tam gic ABC vung ti C. T A, B k hai phn gic ct AC E, ct
?
BC ti D. T D, E h ng vung gc xung AB ct AB M v N. Tnh gc MCN
Bi 5 : (1) Vi gi tr no ca x th biu thc : P = -x2 8x +5 . C gi tr ln nht .
Tm gi tr ln nht ?
------------------------ Ht -------------------------

27
15

Thi gian: 120 pht

Cu 1: (3)
2

1
4
5
2
1
a. Tnh A = ( 0, 25) . . . .
4
3
4
3

b. Tm s nguyn n, bit: 2-1.2n + 4.2n = 9.25

c. Chng minh vi mi n nguyn dng th: 3n+3-2n+2+3n-2n chia ht cho 10
Cu 2: ((3)
a. 130 hc sinh thuc 3 lp 7A, 7B, 7C ca mt trng cng tham gia trng cy.
Mi hc sinh ca lp 7A, 7B, 7C theo th t trng c 2cy, 3 cy, 4 cy. Hi mi lp
c bao nhiu hc sinh tham gia trng cy? Bit s cy trng c ca 3 lp bng nhau.
b. Chng minh rng: - 0,7 ( 4343 - 1717 ) l mt s nguyn
Cu 3: (4 ) Cho tam gic cn ABC, AB=AC. Trn cnh BC ly im D. Trn Tia ca
tia BC ly im E sao cho BD=BE. Cc ng thng vung gc vi BC k t D v E ct
AB v AC ln lt M v N. Chng minh:
a. DM= ED
b. ng thng BC ct MN ti im I l trung im ca MN.
c. ng thng vung gc vi MN ti I lun lun i qua mt im c nh khi D
thay i trn BC.
------------------------------------------------- Ht ----------------------------------------------

28
Thi gian: 120 pht
Cu 1: (2 im).
a. a + a

Rt gn biu thc

b. a a
c. 3 ( x 1) 2 x 3
Tm x bit:
Cu 2:
a. 5 x 3 - x = 7
b. 2 x + 3 - 4x < 9
Cu 3: (2)
Tm mt s c 3 ch s bit rng s chia ht cho 18 v cc ch s
ca n t l vi 3 s 1; 2; 3.
Cu 4: (3,5).
Cho ABC, trn cnh AB ly cc im D v E. Sao cho AD = BE.
Qua D v E v cc ng song song vi BC, chng ct AC theo th t M v N. Chng
minh rng DM + EN = BC.

29
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

16

Bi 1:(1im)

Hy so snh A v B, bit:

Bi 2:(2im)

Thc hin php tnh:

A=

102006 + 1
;
102007 + 1

B=

102007 + 1
.
102008 + 1

1
1
1

A= 1
. 1
... 1

1+ 2
1+ 2 + 3
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 2006

Bi 3:(2im)

Tm cc s x, y nguyn bit rng:

x 1 1
=
8 y 4

Bi 4:(2 im)
Cho a, b, c l ba cnh ca mt tam gic. Chng minh rng:
2
2(ab + bc + ca) > a + b2 + c2.

= C

= 50 0 . Gi K l im trong tam gic
Bi 5:(3 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c B

 = 100 KCB
 = 300
sao cho KBC
a. Chng minh BA = BK.
b. Tnh s o gc BAK.
--------------------------------- Ht ----------------------------------

thi 30
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht
Bi 1. (4 im)
a) Chng minh rng 76 + 75 74 chia ht cho 55
b) Tnh A = 1 + 5 + 52 + 53 + . . . + 549 + 55 0
Bi 2. (4 im)
a) Tm cc s a, b, c bit rng :

a b c
= = v a + 2b 3c = -20
2 3 4

b) C 16 t giy bc loi 20 000, 50 000, 100 000. Tr gi mi loi tin trn u

bng nhau. Hi mi loi c my t?
Bi 3. (4 im)
1
x
4
1
g(x) = 5x4 x5 + x2 2x3 + 3x2 4

a) Cho hai a thc f(x) = x5 3x2 + 7x4 9x3 + x2 -

Tnh f(x) + g(x) v f(x) g(x).

b) Tnh gi tr ca a thc sau:
A = x2 + x4 + x6 + x8 + + x100 ti x = -1.
Bi 4. (4 im)
Cho tam gic ABC c gc A bng 900, trn cnh BC ly im E sao cho BE = BA.
Tia phn gic ca gc B ct AC D.
a)So snh cc di DA v DE.
b) Tnh s o gc BED.
17

Bi 5. (4 im)
Cho tam gic ABC, ng trung tuyn AD. K ng trung tuyn BE ct AD G.
Gi I, K theo th t l trung im ca GA, GB. Chng minh rng:
a) IK// DE, IK = DE.
b) AG =

2
AD.
3

-------------------------------------------------------------p n - 1

Cu 1: ( 2 im )
1
1
vi mi n 2 nn . ( 0,2 im )
< 2
2
n
n 1
1
1
1
1
( 0,2 im )
A< C = 2 + 2 + 2 + ..... + 2
n 1
2 1 3 1 4 1

a. Do

Mt khc:
C=
=

1
1
1
1
( 0,2 im)
+
+
+ .... +
(n 1)(. n + 1)
1 .3 2 .4 3 .5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1
1

+ + + .... +
( 0,2 im)
2 1 3 2 4 3 5
n 1 n + 1

1 1
1 1 3 3
= 1 +
< . = <1

n + 1

2 2

(0,2 im )

Vy A < 1
b. ( 1 im ). B =

1
1
1
1
+ 2 + 2 + ... +
( 0,25 im )
2
2
4
6
(2n )2

1
1
1
1
1
1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + ..... + 2 ( 0,25 im )
2
2 2
n
3
4
1
= 2 (1 + A)
( 0,25 im )
2
1
1
1
Suy ra P < 2 (1 + 1) =
;Hay P <
(0,25 im )
2
2
2

Cu 2: ( 2 im )
Ta c

k +1

k +1
> 1 vi k = 1,2..n ( 0,25 im )
k

p dng bt ng thc C Si cho k +1 s ta c:

k +1

k + 1 k +1 1.1....1. k + 1
.
=
<
k
k
k

Suy ra 1 <

k +1

1 + 1 + ... + 1 +
k +1

k +1
1
1
< 1+

k
k k + 1

k +1
k =

( 0,5 im )

Ln lt cho k = 1,2, 3, n
n < 2 +3
=> [ ] = n
18

k
1
1
+ = 1+
(0,5 im )
k +1 k
k (k + 1)

ri cng li ta c.

3
n +1
1
+ ......... + n +1
< n + 1 < n + 1 ( 0,5 im)
2
n
n

Cu 3 (2 im )
Gi ha , hb ,hc ln lt l di cc ng cao ca tam gic. Theo bi ta c:
ha + hb hb + hc hc + ha 2(ha + hb + hc ) ha + hb + hc
=
=
=
=
5
7
8
20
10

( 0,4 im )

hc hb ha
=
=
=> ha : hb : hc = 3 : 2: 5 ( 0,4 im )
5
2
3
1
1
1
( 0,4 im )
Mt khc S = a.ha = bhb = chc
2
2
2
a
b
c
=
=
=>
(0 , 4 im )
1
1
1
ha
hb
hc

=>

=> a :b : c =

1 1 1 1 1 1
: : = : : = 10 : 15 : 6 (0 ,4 im )
ha hb hc 3 2 5

Vy a: b: c = 10 : 10 : 6
Cu 4: ( 2 im )
Trn tia Ox ly A , trn tia Oy ly B sao cho O A = O B = a ( 0,25 im )
Ta c: O A + O B = OA + OB = 2a => A A = B B
( 0,25 im )
Gi H v K ln lt l hnh chiu
Ca A v B trn ng thng A B
y
Tam gic HA A = tam gic KB B
( cnh huyn, gc nhn )
( 0,5 im
)
(0,25
=> H A = KB, do HK = AB
im)
Ta chng minh c
(0,25 im)
HK AB (Du = A trng A B trng B
do AB AB
( 0,2 im )
Vy AB nh nht OA = OB = a
(0,25im )
Cu 5 ( 2 im )
Gi s a + b + c = d Q
( 0,2 im )
=> a + b = d a
=> b +b +2 bc = d 2 + a + 2d a

( 0,2 im)

=> 2 bc = (d 2 + a b c ) 2d a ( 1 ) ( 0,2 im)

=> 4bc = (d 2 + a b c ) 2 + 4 d2a 4b (d 2 + a b c ) a ( 0,2 im)

=> 4 d (d 2 + a b c ) a = (d 2 + a b c ) 2
* Nu 4 d (d 2 + a b c ) # 0 th:

(
a=

d 2 + a b c ) + 4d 2 a 4ab
l s hu t
4d ( d 2 + a b c )
2

+ 4d 2a 4 bc

( 0,2 im)

(0,2 5im )

19

** Nu 4 d (d 2 + a b c ) = 0 th: d =0 hoc d 2+ a-b c = 0 ( 0,25 im )

+ d = 0 ta c :

a+ b+ c =0

(0,25 im )

=> a = b = c = 0 Q

+ d 2+ a-b c = 0 th t (1 ) => bc = d a
V a, b, c, d 0 nn a = 0 Q

( 0,25 im )

Vy a l s hu t.
Do a,b,c c vai tr nh nhau nn a , b , c l cc s hu t
--------------------------------------------------

2:
Bi 1: 3 im
1
2
2 3
1

18 6 (0, 06 : 7 2 + 3 5 .0,38) : 19 2 3 .4 4 =
109
6 15 17 38
8 19
= ( : + . ) : 19 . 0.5
100 2 5 100
3 4
6

109
3 2 17 19
38
= . + . : 19
3
6 50 15 5 50
109

323 19

=
+
:
6 250 250 3

0.5

0.5

109 13 3
. =
6 10 19
506 3 253
=
. =
30 19 95

0.5

Bi 2:
a) T

a c
= suy ra c 2 = a.b
c b
a 2 + c 2 a 2 + a.b
khi 2 2 = 2
b +c
b + a.b
a ( a + b) a
=
=
b( a + b) b

0.5
0.5
0.5

a2 + c2 a
b2 + c2 b
b) Theo cu a) ta c: 2 2 = 2 2 =
b +c
b
a +c
a
2
2
2
2
b +c
b
b +c
b
t 2 2 = 2 2 1 = 1
a +c
a
a +c
a
2
2
2
2
b +c a c
ba
hay
=
2
2
a +c
a
2
2
b a
ba
vy 2 2 =
a +c
a

Bi 3:
20

0.5
1
0.5
0.5

a)

x+

1
4 = 2
5

1
0.5
= 2 + 4
5
1
1
1
x + = 2 x + = 2 hoc x + = 2
5
5
5
1
1
9
Vi x + = 2 x = 2 hay x =
5
5
5
1
1
11
Vi x + = 2 x = 2 hay x =
5
5
5
x+

1
0.25
0.25

b)
15
3 6
1
x+ = x
12
7 5
2
6
5
3 1
x+ x = +
5
4
7 2
6 5
13
( + )x =
5 4
14
49
13
x=
20
14
130
x=
343

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

Bi 4:
Cng mt on ng, cn tc v thi gian l hai i lng t l nghch
0.5
Gi x, y, z l thi gian chuyn ng ln lt vi cc vn tc 5m/s ; 4m/s ; 3m/s
Ta c:
1
5.x = 4. y = 3.z v x + x + y + z = 59
hay:

x y z
x + x + y + z 59
= = =
=
= 60
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 59
+ + +
5 4 3 5 5 4 3 60

0.5

Do :
1
x = 60. = 12 ;
5

1
x = 60. = 15 ;
4

1
x = 60. = 20
3

0.5

Vy cnh hnh vung l: 5.12 = 60 (m)

Bi 5:
-V hnh, ghi GT, KL ng
0.5
a) Chng minh ADB = ADC (c.c.c)
1


suy ra DAB = DAC
 = 200 : 2 = 100
Do DAB

A = 200 (gt)
b) ABC cn ti A, m

0.5
A

20 0

nn


ABC = (1800 200 ) : 2 = 800
 = 600
ABC u nn DBC

Tia BD nm gia hai tia BA v BC suy ra


ABD = 800 600 = 200 . Tia BM l phn gic ca gc ABD
nn 
ABM = 100

21

Xt tam gic ABM v BAD c:

=
 = 100
AB cnh chung ; BAM
ABD = 200 ; 
ABM = DAB
Vy: ABM = BAD (g.c.g) suy ra AM = BD, m BD = BC (gt) nn AM = BC
Bi 6:
25 y 2 = 8(x 2009) 2

8(x-2009)2 = 25- y2
8(x-2009)2 + y2 =25 (*)

Ta c

V y2 0 nn (x-2009)2

0.5

25
, suy ra (x-2009)2 = 0 hoc (x-2009)2 =1
8

0.5

Vi (x -2009)2 =1 thay vo (*) ta c y2 = 17 (loi)

Vi (x- 2009)2 = 0 thay vo (*) ta c y2 =25 suy ra y = 5 (do y )
T tm c (x=2009; y=5)

0.5

0.5

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

3
Bi 1:(4 im):
Thang
im

p n
a) (2 im)

212.35 46.92

510.73 255.492

212.35 212.34 510.73 5 .74

A=

= 12 6 12 5 9 3 9 3 3
6
3
9
3
2
4 5
2 .3 + 2 .3 5 .7 + 5 .2 .7
+
125.7
5
.14
(
)
( 2 .3) + 8 .3

0,5 im

212.34. ( 3 1) 510.73. (1 7 )
= 12 5

2 .3 . ( 3 + 1) 59.73. (1 + 23 )

0,5 im

212.34.2 5 .7 . ( 6)
= 12 5 9 3
2 .3 .4
5 .7 .9
1 10 7
=
=
6
3
2
10

b) (2 im)
3 n + 2 - Vi mi s nguyn dng n ta c:
3n+ 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n = 3n+ 2 + 3n 2n+ 2 2n
= 3n (32 + 1) 2 n (22 + 1)
= 3n 10 2n 5 = 3n 10 2n1 10
= 10( 3n -2n)
Vy 3n+ 2 2n+ 2 + 3n 2n 10 vi mi n l s nguyn dng.
Bi 2:(4 im)
p n
22

10

0,5 im
0,5 im

0,5 im
1 im
0,5 im

Thang

im
a) (2 im)

1 4
2
1 4 16 2
+ = ( 3, 2 ) + x + =
+
3 5
5
3 5
5
5

1 4 14
+ =
3 5 5

0,5 im

0,5 im

x 1 = 2
1
x =2 3
x1=2
3
3
x=2+1= 7
3 3

x=2+1= 5
3 3

0,5 im

0,5 im

b) (2 im)

( x 7)

x +1

( x 7)

( x 7)

x +11

=0

1 ( x 7 )10 = 0

10
( x +1)

1 x 7) = 0
( x 7)
(

x 7 x +1=0

1( x 7)10 =0

x 7=010 x =7
( x 7) =1 x =8
x +1

Bi 3: (4 im)
p n
a) (2,5 im)
Gi a, b, c l ba s c chia ra t s A.
Theo bi ta c: a : b : c =

2 3 1
: : (1)
5 4 6

v a2 +b2 +c2 = 24309 (2)

a b c
k
2
3
= = = k a = k;b = k; c =
2 3 1
5
4
6
5 4 6
4
9
1
Do (2) k 2 ( + + ) = 24309
25 16 36
k = 180 v k = 180

0,5 im
0,5 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

Thang im
0,5 im
0,5 im

T (1)

+ Vi k =180, ta c: a = 72; b = 135; c = 30.

Khi ta c s A = a + b + c = 237.
+ Vi k = 180 , ta c: a = 72 ; b = 135 ; c = 30

0,5 im

0,5 im
23

Khi ta c s A = 72 +( 135 ) + ( 30 ) = 237 .

b) (1,5 im)
T

0,5 im

a c
= suy ra c 2 = a.b
c b
a 2 + c 2 a 2 + a.b
khi 2 2 = 2
b +c
b + a.b

0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im

Bi 4: (4 im)
Thang
im
0,5 im

p n
V hnh
A

I
M

C
H

a/ (1im) Xt AMC v EMB c :

AM = EM (gt )
 (i nh )

AMC = EMB
BM = MC (gt )
Nn : AMC = EMB (c.g.c )
0,5 im
AC = EB

 = MEB
V AMC = EMB MAC
(2 gc c v tr so le trong c to bi ng thng AC v EB ct ng thng AE )
Suy ra AC // BE .
0,5 im
b/ (1 im )
Xt AMI v EMK c :
AM = EM (gt )
 = MEK
 ( v AMC = EMB )
MAI
AI = EK (gt )
Nn AMI = EMK ( c.g.c )
0,5 im Suy ra


AMI = EMK
 = 180o ( tnh cht hai gc k b )
AMI + IME
M 
 + IME
 = 180o
EMK
Ba im I;M;K thng hng
0,5 im
c/ (1,5 im )
24


= 90o ) c HBE
 = 50o
Trong tam gic vung BHE ( H
 = 90o - 50o =40o
 = 90o - HBE
HBE
im
 - MEB
 = 40o - 25o = 15o
 = HEB
HEM
im
 l gc ngoi ti nh M ca HEM
BME
 = HEM
 + MHE
 = 15o + 90o = 105o
Nn BME
( nh l gc ngoi ca tam gic )

0,5
0,5

0,5 im

Bi 5: (4 im)
A

200

-V hnh
a) Chng minh ADB = ADC (c.c.c)
 = DAC

suy ra DAB
 = 200 : 2 = 100
Do DAB
b) ABC cn ti A, m
A = 200 (gt) nn 
ABC = (1800 200 ) : 2 = 800
 = 600
ABC u nn DBC
Tia BD nm gia hai tia BA v BC suy ra 
ABD = 800 600 = 200 .
Tia BM l phn gic ca gc ABD
nn 
ABM = 100
Xt tam gic ABM v BAD c:
=
 = 100
AB cnh chung ; BAM
ABD = 200 ; 
ABM = DAB
Vy: ABM = BAD (g.c.g)
suy ra AM = BD, m BD = BC (gt) nn AM = BC

1im
0,5 im
0,5 im
0,5 im

0,5 im

0,5 im

4
Bi
1.1

Ni dung cn t
S hng th nht l (-1) (3.1-1)
1+1

im
1
25

1.2

S hng th hai l (-1)2+1(3.2-1)

Dng tng qut ca s hng th n l: (-1)n+1(3n-1)
A = (-3).17 = -51

2.1

x 2y
, 3y = 5z. Nu x-2y = 5 x= -15, y = -10, z = -6
=
3 4

0,5

Nu x-2y = -5 x= 15, y = 10, z = 6

0,5

2.2

2.3

3.1

x
xy
x y
= =9 x = 6
=
2 5
4 10

0,5

Ta c 2x = 3z nn x1 = 6; y1 = 15; z1 = 4 v
x1 = -6; y1 = -15; z1 = -4

0,25
0,25

1
y + z +1 x + z + 2 x + y 3
=
=
=
=2
x
y
z
x+ y+z
0,5 x + 1 0,5 y + 2 0, 5 z 3
x+y+z = 0,5
=
=
=2
x
y
z
1
5
5
x= ;y= ;z=2
6
6
a1 a2 a3
a8 a9 a1 + a2 + ... + a9
=
=
= ... =
=
=
= 1 (v a1+a2++a9 0)
a2 a3 a4
a9 a1 a1 + a2 + ... + a9

a1 = a2; a2 = a3; ;a9 = a1

a1 = a2 = a3== a9

a + b + c a b + c ( a + b + c ) ( a b + c ) 2b
=
=
= = 1 (v b0)
a + b c a b c ( a + b c ) ( a b c ) 2b

3.2

4.1

4.2

a+b+c = a+b-c 2c = 0 c = 0
t c1 = a1-b1; c2 = a2-b2;; c5 = a5-b5
Xt tng c1 + c2 + c3 ++ c5 = (a1-b1)+( a2-b2)++( a5-b5) = 0
c1; c2; c3; c4; c5 phi c mt s chn
c1. c2. c3. c4. c5 2
AOE = BOF (c.g.c) O,E,F thng hng v OE = OF
AOC = BOD (c.g.c) C,O,D thng hng v OC = OD
EOD = FOC (c.g.c) ED = CF

0,5
0,5
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,5

5
Bi
1.1
1.2

1.3

26

Ni dung cn t
S b chia = 4/11
S chia = 1/11
Kt qu = 4
V |2x-27|2007 0 x v (3y+10)2008 0 y
|2x-27|2007 = 0 v (3y+10)2008 = 0
x = 27/2 v y = -10/3
V 00 ab 99 v a,b N
200700 2007ab 200799
4472 < 2007ab < 4492
2007ab = 4482 a = 0; b= 4

im
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

2.1

x 1 y 2 z 3
=
=
=k
2
3
4

0,25
0,5
0,25
0,25

p dng tnh cht dy t s bng nhau k = -2

X = -3; y = -4; z = - 5
2.2

T gi thit suy ra b2 = ac; c2 = bd;

a b c
= =
b c d

a 3 b3 c3 a 3 + b3 + c 3
= =
=
(1)
b3 c 3 d 3 b3 + c 3 + d 3
a3 a a a a b c a
Li c 3 = . . = . . = (2)
b
b b b b c d d
a 3 + b3 + c3 a
T (1) v (2) suy ra: 3 3 3 =
b +c +d
d
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Ta c:
>
; >
; >

>
;
1
10
2
10 3
10
9
10
1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ... +
> 10
1
2
3
100

0,25

Ta c

3.1

3.2

0,25
0,25
1
=
10

1
10

0,5

Ta c C = -18 - ( 2 x 6 + 3 y + 9 ) -18

0,5

V 2 x 6 0; 3 y + 9 0

0,25

2 x 6 = 0
x = 3 v y = -3
3 y + 9 = 0

Max C = -18
4.1
4.2

0,5

0,25

ABH = CAK (g.c.g) BH = AK

MAH = MCK (c.g.c) MH = MK (1)
gc AMH = gc CMK gc HMK = 900 (2)
T (1) v (2) MHK vung cn ti M

p n s 6
Cu1: Nhn tng v bt ng thc ta c : (abc)2=36abc
+, Nu mt trong cc s a,b,c bng 0 th 2 s cn li cng bng 0
+,Nu c 3s a,b,c khc 0 th chia 2 v cho abc ta c abc=36
+, T abc =36 v ab=c ta c c2=36 nn c=6;c=-6
+, T abc =36 v bc=4a ta c 4a2=36 nn a=3; a=-3
+, T abc =36 v ab=9b ta c 9b2=36 nn b=2; b=-2
-, Nu c = 6 th av b cng du nn a=3, b=2 hoc a=-3 , b=-2
-, Nu c = -6 th av b tri du nn a=3 b=-2 hoc a=-3 b=2
Tm li c 5 b s (a,b,c) tho mn bi ton
(0,0,0); (3,2,6);(-3,-2,6);(3,-2,-6);(-3,2.-6)
Cu 2. (3)
a.(1)
5x-3<2=> -2<5x-3<2 (0,5)
1/5<x<1
(0,5)
b.(1)
3x+1>4=> 3x+1>4hoc 3x+1<-4 (0,5)
*Nu 3x+1>4=> x>1
27

c. (1)

*Nu 3x+1<-4 => x<-5/3

Vy x>1 hoc x<-5/3
(0,5)
4-x+2x=3 (1)
* 4-x0 => x4 (0,25)
(1)<=>4-x+2x=3 => x=-1( tho mn k) (0,25)
*4-x<0 => x>4 (0,25)
(1)<=> x-4+2x=3 <=> x=7/3 (loi) (0,25)

Cu3. (1) p dng a+b a+bTa c

A=x+8-xx+8-x=8
MinA =8 <=> x(8-x) 0 (0,25)
x 0
=>0x8 (0,25)
8 x 0

x 0
=>
8 x 0

x 0
khng tho mn(0,25)

x 8

Vy minA=8 khi 0x8(0,25)

Cu4.
Ta c S=(2.1)2+(2.2)2+...+ (2.10)2(0,5) =22.12+22.22+...+22.102
A
=22(12+22+...+102) =22.385=1540(0,5)
Cu5.(3)
D
E
C
B
M
Chng minh: a (1,5)
Gi E l trung im CD trong tam gic BCD c ME l ng trung bnh =>
ME//BD(0,25)
Trong tam gic MAE c I l trung im ca cnh AM (gt) m ID//ME(gt)
Nn D l trung im ca AE => AD=DE (1)(0,5)
V E l trung im ca DC => DE=EC (2) (0,5)
So snh (1)v (2) => AD=DE=EC=> AC= 3AD(0,25)
b.(1)
Trong tam gic MAE ,ID l ng trung bnh (theo a) => ID=1/2ME (1) (0,25)
Trong tam gic BCD; ME l ng trung bnh => ME=1/2BD (2)(0,5)
So snh (1) v (2) => ID =1/4 BD (0,25)
----------------------------------------------------------------

p n s 7
28

Cu 1.

Ta c

a b c a
. . = . (1)
b c d d

Ta li c

a b
c
a+b+c
= =
=
. (2)
b c d
b+c+a

a+b+c
a
T (1) v(2) =>
= .
3

d
b+c +d
a+b+c
a
c
b
Cu 2. A =
.=
.
=
=
b+c a+b c+a
2(a + b + c )

Nu a+b+c 0 => A =

1
.
2

Nu a+b+c = 0 => A = -1.

Cu 3. a). A = 1 +

5
x2

A Z th x- 2 l c ca 5.

=> x 2 = ( 1; 5)
* x = 3 => A = 6
* x = 1 => A = - 4
b) A =

7
-2
x+3

* x = 7 => A = 2
* x = -3 => A = 0

A Z th x+ 3 l c ca 7.

=> x + 3 = ( 1; 7)
* x = -2 => A = 5
* x = 4 => A = -1
* x = -4 => A = - 9
* x = -10 => A = -3 .
Cu 4.
a). x = 8 hoc - 2
b). x = 7 hoc - 11
c). x = 2.
Cu 5. ( T v hnh)

MHK l
cn ti M .
Tht vy:
ACK =
BAH. (gcg) => AK = BH .

AMK =
BMH (g.c.g) => MK = MH.
Vy:
MHK cn ti M .
--------------------------------------------------------------------

p n s 8
Cu 1: Gi x, y, z l di 3 cnh tng ng vi cc ng cao bng 4, 12, a.
Ta c: 4x = 12y = az = 2S
x= S/2 ; y = S/6; z = 2S/a (0,5 im)
Do x-y < z< x+y nn
S S 2S S S
2 2 2
<
< + < <
2 6
a
2 6
6 a 3

(0,5 im)

3, a , 6 Do a N nn a=4 hoc a= 5. (0,5 im)

2. a. T

a c
a b a b
a a b
a
c
= = =
=

=
b d
c d cd
c cd
a b cd

(0,75 im)
29

b.

a c
a b a+b
b a+b
a+b c+d
=
=

=
= =
b d
c d c+d
d c+d
b
d

(0,75 im)

Cu 2: V tch ca 4 s : x2 1 ; x2 4; x2 7; x2 10 l s m nn phi c 1 s
m hoc 3 s m.
Ta c : x2 10< x2 7< x2 4< x2 1. Xt 2 trng hp:
+ C 1 s m: x2 10 < x2 7 x2 10 < 0 < x2 7
7< x2 < 10 x2 =9 ( do x Z ) x = 3. ( 0,5 im)
+ c 3 s m; 1 s dng.
x2 4< 0< x2 1 1 < x2 < 4
do x Z nn khng tn ti x.
Vy x = 3 (0,5 im)
Cu 3: Trc tin tm GTNN B = |x-a| + | x-b| vi a<b.
Ta c Min B = b a ( 0,5 im)
Vi A = | x-a| + | x-b| + |x-c| + | x-d|
= [| x-a| + | x-d|] + [|x-c| + | x-b|]
Ta c : Min [| x-a| + | x-d|] =d-a khi a[x[d
Min [|x-c| + | x-b|] = c b khi b[ x [ c ( 0,5 im)
Vy A min = d-a + c b khi b[ x [ c ( 0, 5 im)
Cu 4: ( 2 im)
A, V Bm // Ax sao cho Bm nm trong gc ABC Bm // Cy (0, 5 im)
Do gc ABm = gc A; Gc CBm = gcC
ABm + CBm = A + C tc l ABC = A + C ( 0, 5 im)
b. V tia Bm sao cho ABm v A l 2 gc so le trong v ABM = A Ax// Bm (1)
CBm = C Cy // Bm(2)
T (1) v (2) Ax // By
Cu 5: p dng nh l Pi ta go vo tam gic vung NOA v NOC ta c:
AN2 =OA2 ON2; CN2 = OC2 ON2 CN2 AN2 = OC2 OA2 (1) ( 0, 5 im)
Tng t ta cng c: AP2 - BP2 = OA2 OB2 (2); MB2 CM2 = OB2 OC2 (3) ( 0, 5
im)
T (1); (2) v (3) ta c: AN2 + BP2 + CM2 = AP2 + BM2 + CN2 ( 0, 5 im).
---------------------------------------------------------------

Hng dn chm s 9
Cu 1(2):
a) A = 2 -

1 100
102
100 = 2 100
99
2
2
2

b) 2n 3 n + 1 5 n + 1
30

(1 )

(0,5 )

 n = {6; 2; 0; 4}

n+1
n
(0,5 )

-1
-2

1
0

-5
-6

5
4

Cu 2(2):
a) Nu x
Nu x <

1
th : 3x - 2x - 1 = 2 => x = 3 ( tho mn ) (0,5)
2

1
th : 3x + 2x + 1 = 2 => x = 1/5 ( loi )
2

(0,5)

Vy: x = 3
b) =>

x 1 y 2 z 3
v 2x + 3y - z = 50 (0,5)
=
=
2
3
4

=> x = 11, y = 17, z = 23.(0,5)

Cu 3(2): Cc phn s phi tm l: a, b, c ta c : a + b + c =
v a : b : c =

213
70

3 4 5
9
12
15
: : = 6 : 40 : 25 (1) => a = , b = , c =
5 1 2
35
7
14

(1)

Cu 4(3):
K DF // AC ( F thuc BC )
(0,5 )
=> DF = BD = CE (0,5 ) => IDF = IFC ( c.g.c ) (1 )
=> gc DIF = gc EIC => F, I, C thng hng => B, I,
thng hng (1)
Cu 5(1):
=>

7.2 x + 1 1
= y (14 x + 1) = 7
7
y

=> (x ; y ) cn tm l ( 0 ; 7 )
-----------------------------------------------------------------

----

p n s 10
Cu 1: a) Ta c:

1 1 1 1 1 1
= ;
= ;
1 .2 1 2 2 .3 2 3

1 1 1
1
1
1
= ; ;
=
3 .4 3 4
99.100 99 100

1
99
1 1 1 1
1 1 1
=1
=
+
+ + .... +
+ +
100 100
99 99 100
2 2 3 3

Vy A = 1+

1 2 .3 1 3 .4 1 4 .5
1 20.21

+
+
+ .... +
=
2 2 3 2 4 2
20 2
3 4
21 1
= 1+ + + ... + = (2 + 3 + 4 + ... + 21) =
2 2
2 2

b) A = 1+

31

1 21.22
1 = 115.

2 2

Cu 2: a) Ta c: 17 > 4 ;

26 > 5

nn 17 + 26 + 1 > 4 + 5 + 1 hay 17 + 26 + 1 > 10

Cn 99 < 10 .Do : 17 + 26 + 1 > 99

1

>

Vy:

b)

1
;
1 10
1

1
;
2 10

1
2

>

1
3

1
; ..;
3 10

+ .... +

>

1
100

> 100.

1
.
100 10
=

1
= 10
10

Cu 3: Gi a,b,ca l cc ch s ca s c ba ch s cn tm . V mi ch s a,b,ca
khng vt qu 9 v ba ch s a,b,ca khng th ng thi bng 0 , v khi ta khng
c s c ba ch s nn: 1 a+b+c 27
Mt khc s phi tm l bi ca 18 nn a+b+c =9 hoc a+b+c = 18 hoc a+b+c=17
a b c a+b+c
Do : ( a+b+c) chia ht cho 6
1 2 3
6
a b c 18
Nn : a+b+c =18 = = = = 3 a=3; b=6 ; ca =9
1 2 3 6

Theo gi thit, ta c: = = =

V s phi tm chia ht cho 18 nnch s hng n v ca n phi l s chn.

Vy cc s phi tm l: 396; 936.
Cu 4:
a) V AH BC; ( H BC) ca ABC
+ hai tam gic vung AHB v BID c:
BD= AB (gt)
Gc A1= gc B1( cng ph vi gc B2)
AHB= BID ( cnh huyn, gc nhn)
AH BI (1) v DI= BH
+ Xt hai tam gic vung AHC v CKE c:
A2= gc C1( cng ph vi gc C2)
AC=CE(gt)
AHC= CKB ( cnh huyn, gc nhn) AH= CK (2)
t (1) v (2) BI= CK v EK = HC.
b) Ta c: DI=BH ( Chng minh trn)
tng t: EK = HC
T BC= BH +Hc= DI + EK.
Cu 5: Ta c:
A = x 2001 + x 1 = x 2001 + 1 x x 2001 + 1 x = 2000

Gc

Vy biu thc cho t gi tr nh nht l 2000 khi x-2001 v 1-x cng du, tc l :
1 x 2001
biu im :
Cu 1: 2 im .
a. 1 im b. 1 im
Cu 2: 2 im :
a. 1 im b . 1 im .
32

Cu 3 : 1,5 im
Cu 4: 3 im : a. 2 im ; b. 1 im .
Cu 5 : 1,5 im .
---------------------------------------------------------------------

p n s11
Cu1:
x+2
x+3
x+4
x+5
x + 349
+1+
+1+
+1+
+1+
4 = 0 (0,5 )
327
326
325
324
5
1
1
1
1
1
( x + 329)(
+
+
+
+ )=0
327 326 325 324 5

a, (1)
......

(0,5 )
a.Tm x, bit: 5x - 3 - x = 7 5 x 3 = x + 7 (1)

x + 329 = 0 x = 329

b,

K: x -7

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

5 x 3 = x + 7

(1)

5 x 3 = ( x + 7 )

(0,25 )

Vy c hai gi tr x tha mn iu kin u bi.

Cu 2:

x1 = 5/2 ; x2= - 2/3

1
1
1 1
1
1
1 1
1
+ 2 3 + 4 + ..... 2007 ; 7 S = 7 1 + 2 + 3 ..... 2006
7 7
7 7
7
7
7
7
7
1
7 2007
1
7
8S = 7 2007 S =
(0,5)
8
7
100 1
99
2 1 3 1
1 2 3
b,
(0,5)
+ + + ...... +
=
+
+ ....... +
100!
100!
2!
3!
2! 3! 4!
1
< 1 (0,5)
................... = 1
100!

a,

S = 1

(0,25).
(0.5)

c, Ta c 3 n+2 2 n + 2 + 3 n 2 n = 3 n + 2 + 3 n (2 n + 2 2 n ) (0,5)

................. 3 n.10 2 n.5 = 3 n.10 2 n 2.10 = 10(3n 2 n 2 )10 (0,5)

Cu 3: Gi di 3 cnh l a , b, c, 3 chiu cao tng ng l x, y, z, din tch S ( 0,5 )
a=

2S
x

b=

2x = 3 y = 4z

2S
y

c=

2S
z

(0,5)

a b c
2S 2S 2S
= =
=
=
2 3 4
2x 3 y 4z

x y z
= = vy x, y, z t l vi 6 ; 4 ; 3
6 4 3

Cu4:
GT; KL; Hnh v (0,5)
a,
Gc AIC = 1200
(1 )
b,
Ly H AC : AH = AQ .............. IQ = IH = IP
Cu5:

(0,5)

(0,5)

(1 )

B ; LN B; LN 2(n 1)2 + 3 NN

V (n 1)2 0 2(n 1)2 + 3 3 t NN khi bng 3 (0,5)

Du bng xy ra khi n 1 = 0 n = 1
33

vy B ; LN B =

1
v n = 1
3

(0,5)

-------------------------------------------------------------

p n s 12
Cu 1 : 3 im . Mi cu 1 im
a)
(x-1) 5 = (-3) 5 x-1 = -3 x = -3+1 x = -2
1 1
1 1
1
+ + )=0
11 12 13 14 15
1 1
1 1
1
0 x+2 = 0 x = 2
+ +
11 12 13 14 15

b)

(x+2)(

c)
x - 2 x = 0 ( x ) 2 - 2 x = 0 x ( x - 2) = 0 x = 0 x = 0
hoc x - 2 = 0 x = 2 x = 4
Cu 2 : 3 im . Mi cu 1,5 im
5 y 1 5 2y 1
5 1 2 y
+ = ,
=
+
= ,
x 4 8 x 8 8
x
8
x(1 - 2y) = 40 1-2y l c l ca 40 . c l ca 40 l : 1 ; 5 .

a)

p s :

x = 40 ; y = 0
x = -40 ; y = 1
x = 8 ; y = -2
x = -8 ; y = 3

b) Tm x z A Z.
A nguyn khi

A=

x +1
x 3

= 1+

4
nguyn
x 3

4
x 3

x 3 (4) = {-4 ; -2 ;-1; 1; 2; 4}

Cc gi tr ca x l : 1 ; 4; 16 ; 25 ; 49 .
Cu 3 : 1 im
2 5 x 3 - 2x = 14 5 x 3 = x + 7 (1)
K: x -7
5 x 3 = x + 7

(1)

5 x 3 = ( x + 7 )

(0,25 )
.

(0,25 )

Vy c hai gi tr x tha mn iu kin u bi.

Cu4.
(1.5 im)
Cc gc A, B , C t l vi 7, 5, 3
A B C A + B + C 180 0
= = =
=
= 12
7 5 3
15
15
A= 840 gc ngoi ti nh A l 960

B = 600 gc ngoi ti nh B l 1200

C = 360 gc ngoi ti nh C l 1440
Cc gc ngoi tng ng t l vi 4 ; 5 ; 6
b)
34

x1 = 5/2 ; x2= - 2/3

(0,25).

1) AE = AD ADE cn

=D


E

= EDA

E
1

0



= 180 A (1) ABC cn B

=C


E
1
2
1800

A

AB
C
=
(2)
1
2

T (1) v (2) E
= ABC
1

ED // BC

a)

Xt EBC v DCB c BC chung (3)

 = DCB
 (4)
EBC
BE = CD (5)
T (3), (4), (5) EBC = DCB (c.g.c)
 = CDB
 = 900 CE AB .
BEC

p n s 13
Bi 1: 3 im
a, Tnh:

31 183 176 12 10 175 31

12 475

(
) (
.1 .
7
11 3 100 = 3
11 300
A= 3 7
71 60
5 1 60
( ).
. 1
91 4 11 1
364 11

31 19
341 57

284 1001 284284

3 11 =
33
=
=
=
.
1056 1001
55
1815
33 55

1001 1001
1001

b, 1,5 im Ta c:
+) 1 + 4 +7 ++ 100 = ( 1+100) + ( 4 + 97) +.+ ( 49+ 52) = 101 . 34 = 1434
34 cp
+) 1434 410 = 1024
+) ( 18 . 123 + 9 . 436 . 2 + 3 . 5310. 6 ) = 18 . ( 123 + 436 + 5310 )
= 18 . 5869 = 105642
Vy A = 105642 : 1024 103,17
Bi 2: 2 im
Gii s cn tm l x, y, z. S nh l x , s ln nht l z. Ta c: x y z (1)
35

1
x

1
y

1
z

Theo gi thit: + + = 2
Vy: x = 1. Thay vo (2) , c:

(2).

1
x

1
y

1
z

Do (1) nn z = + +

3
x

1 1
2
+ =1
y z
y

Vy y = 2. T z = 2. Ba s cn tm l 1; 2; 2.
Bi 3:
2 im
C 9 trang c 1 ch s. S trang c 2 ch s l t 10 n 99 nn c tt c 90 trang.
Trang c 3 ch s ca cun sch l t 100 n 234, c tt c 135 trang. Suy ra s cc
ch s trong tt c cc trang l:
9 + 2 . 90 + 3. 135 = 9 + 180 + 405 = 594
Bi 4 : 3 im
Trn tia EC ly im D sao cho ED = EA.
Hai tam gic vung ABE = DBE ( EA = ED, BE chung)
 = BDA
.
Suy ra BD = BA ; BAD
Theo gi thit: EC EA = A B
Vy EC ED = AB
Hay CD = AB
(2)
T (1) v (2) Suy ra: DC = BD.
V tia ID l phn gic ca gc CBD ( I BC ).
Hai tam gic: CID v BID c :
ID l cnh chung,
CD = BD ( Chng minh trn).

CID

 ( v DI l phn gic ca gc CDB )

IDB

= 

l
Vy CID = BID ( c . g . c) C
IBD . Gi C

 = C

+ IBD
 = 2 C

= 2 ( gc ngoi ca BCD)
BDA

= D

( Chng minh trn) nn A

= 2 2 + = 900 = 300 .
m A

= 300 v A

= 600
Do ; C

---------------------------------------------Hng dn gii s 14
Bi 1.a.
Xt 2 trng hp :
* x 5 ta c : A=7.
* x < 5 ta c : A = -2x-3.
b.
Xt x < 5 2 x > 10 2 x 3 > 10 3 hay A > 7. Vy : Amin = 7 khi x 5 .
Bi 2. a.

t : A =

1 1 1
1
+ 2 + 2 + ....... +
2
5 6 7
1002

Ta c :
1
1
1
1
1 1 1 1
1
1
1 1
1
+
+
+ ......... +
= + + ..... +
=
<
4.5 5.6 6.7
99.100
4 5 5 6
99 100
4 100 4
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
* A>
+
+ ......... +
+
=
> .
5.6 6.7
99.100 100.101 5 101 6

* A<

36

2a + 9 5a + 17 3a
4a + 26
+

=
=
a+3
a+3 a+3
a+3
4a + 12 + 14 4(a + 3) + 14
14
=
= 4+
=
l s nguyn
a+3
a+3
a+3

b.

Ta c :

Khi (a + 3) l c ca 14 m (14) = 1; 2; 7; 14 .
Ta c : a = -2;- 4;- 1; - 5; 4 ; - 10; 11 ; -17.
Bi 3. Bin i :
A = 12n + n ( n 1) + 30. A 6n n ( n 1) + 30 6n
* n ( n 1) n 30 n n (30) hay n {1, 2 , 3, 5 , 6 , 10 , 15 , 30}.
* 30 6 n ( n 1) 6 n ( n 1) 3
+ n 3 n = {3, 6,15,30}.
+ ( n 1) 3 n = {1,10}.
n {1 , 3 , 6 , 10 , 15 , 30}.

-Th tng trng hp ta c : n = 1, 3, 10, 30 tho mn bi ton.

x
Bi 4.
-Trn Oy ly M sao cho OM = m. Ta c :
m
N nm gia O, M v MN = OM.
d
-Dng d l trung trc ca OM v Oz l
phn gic ca gc xOy chng ct nhau ti D.
- ODM =M ' DN (c.g .c) MD = ND
o
n i
D thuc trung trc ca MN.
d
-R rng : D c nh. Vy ng trung trc ca MN i qua D c nh.
Bi 5. -Dng tng qut ca a thc bc hai l : f ( x ) = ax 2 + bx + c (a 0).
-

m'

Ta c : f ( x 1) = a ( x 1) + b ( x 1) + c .
2

a = 1
2a = 1

f ( x ) f ( x 1) = 2ax a + b = x
b a = 0
b = 1 2
1
2

1
2

Vy a thc cn tm l : f ( x ) = x 2 + x + c (c l hng s).

p dng :
+ Vi x = 1 ta c : 1 = f (1) f ( 0 ) .
+ Vi x = 2 ta c : 1 = f ( 2 ) f (1) .
.
+ Vi x = n ta c : n = f ( n ) f ( n 1) .
S = 1+2+3++n = f ( n ) f ( 0 ) =

n ( n + 1)
n2 n
.
+ +cc =
2 2
2

37

Lu : Hc sinh gii cch khc ng vn cho im ti a. Bi hnh khng v hnh

khng chm im.
--------------------------------------------------------------------

p n s 15
Cu1 (lm ng c 2 im)
Ta c:

x x2
x x2
x x2
=
=
x 2 + 8 x 20
x 2 2 x + 10 x 20
( x 2)( x + 10)

(0,25)

iu kin (x-2)(x+10) 0 x 2; x -10 (0,5)

Mt khc x 2 =

x-2 nu x>2

-x + 2 nu x< 2 (0,25)
x x2
x( x 2)
* Nu x> 2 th
=
=
( x 2)( x + 10)
( x 2)( x + 10)

x
(0,5)
x + 10

* Nu x <2 th .
x x2
x( x 2)
x
=
=
( x 2)( x + 10) ( x 2)( x + 10) x + 10

(iu kin x -10)

(0,5)

Cu 2 (lm ng c 2)
Gi s hc sinh i trng cy ca 3 Lp 7A,7B, 7C
theo th t l x, y, z (x> 0; y >0 ; z >0)
Theo ra ta c

x + y + z = 94 (1)
3 x = 4 y = 5 z ( 2 ) (0,5)

BCNN (3,4,5) = 60
T (2)

3x 4 y 5 z
x
y
z
= =
hay
= =
(0,5)
60 60 60
20 15 12

p dng tnh cht dy t s bng nhau ta c :

x
y
z
x+ y+z
94
= =
=
=
=2 (0,5)
20 15 12
20 + 15 + 12 47

x= 40, y=30 v z =24 (0,5)

S hc sinh i trng cy ca 3 lp 7A, 7B, 7C ln lt l 40, 30, 24.

Cu 3 (lm ng cho 1,5)

102006 + 53
l s t nhin 102006 + 53 9 (0,5)
9

102006 + 53 9 102006 + 53 c tng cc ch s chia ht cho 9

m 102006 + 53 = 1+ 0 +0 +.........+ 0 + 5+3 = 9 9

Cu 4 (3)
38

2006

10

102006 + 53
+ 53 9 hay
l s t nhin (1)
9

V c hnh, ghi GT, KL c 0,25

a, ABC c

A1 = 
A2 (Az l tia phn gic ca 
A )

=C

(Ay // BC, so le trong)
A
1
1
 =C

ABC cn ti B
A
2
1

m BK AC BK l ng cao ca cn ABC
BK cng l trung tuyn ca cn ABC (0,75)
hay K l trung im ca AC
b, Xt ca cn ABH v vung BAK.
C AB l cng huyn (cnh chung)


(= 300 ) V
A2 = B
1

=A
A
=300
2
2
 =900 600 =300
B
1

vung ABH = vung BAK BH = AK m AK =

AC
AC
BH =
(1)
2
2

c, AMC vung ti M c AK = KC = AC/2 (1) MK l trung tuyn thuc cnh

huyn KM = AC/2 (2)
T (10 v (2) KM = KC KMC cn.
0
 = 900 A=30


 = 900 300 = 600
Mt khc AMC c M
MKC
AMC u (1)
Cu 5. Lm ng cu 5 c 1,5
Xy dng s cy v gii bi ton
p n : Ty t gii nht, Nam gii nh, ng gii 3, Bc gii 4
-------------------------------------

p n s 16
Cu 1: (2)
2
3

a) Xt khong x c x = 4,5 ph hp
2
3

5
4

Xt khong x < c x = - ph hp
b) Xt khong x
Xt khong x <

3
c x > 4
2

3
c x < -1
2

Vy x > 4 hoc x < -1

c) Xt khong x
Xt khong x <

0,25
0,25
0,2
0,2
0,1

1
8
1
8
Ta c 3x - 1 7 x Ta c x
3
3
3
3

1
Ta c -3x + 1 7 x 2
3

39

Ta c 2 x

1
3

Vy gi tr ca x tho mn bi l 2 x

8
3

Cu 2:
a) S = 1+25 + 252 +...+ 25100

0,3

25S = 25 + 25 + ... + 25
2

101

0,3

24 S = 25S S = 25101 1

Vy S =

25101 1
24

0,1

b) 430= 230.230 = (23)10.(22)15 >810.315> (810.310)3 = 2410.3

Vy 230+330+430> 3.224
Cu 3:
a) Hnh a.
AB//EF v c hai gc trong cng pha b nhau
EF//CD v c hai gc trong cng pha b nhau
Vy AB//CD
b) Hnh b.
AB//EF V c cp gc so le trong bng nhau
CD//EF v c cp gc trong cng pha b nhau
Vy AB//CD
Cu 4: (3)
a) MN//BC MD//BD D trung im AP
BP va l phn gic va l trung tuyn nn cng l ng cao BD AP
Tng t ta chng minh c BE AQ
b) AD = DP
DBP = BDE (g.c.g) DP = BE BE = AD
0,5

0,8
0,2

0,4
0,4
0,2
0,3
0,2
0,5

0,3

MBE = MAD (c.g .c) ME = MD

BP = 2MD = 2ME = BQ
Vy B l trung im ca PQ
c) BDE vung B, BM l trung tuyn nn BM = ME
ADB vung D c DM l trung tuyn nn DM = MA
DE = DM + ME = MA + MB
Cu 5: 1
A = 1+

10
4 x

A ln nht

10
ln nht
4 x

0,2
0,4
0,4
0,2

0,3

10
<0
4 x
10
> 0 a ln nht 4 - x nh nht x = 3
Xt 4 < x th
4 x

Xt x > 4 th

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------40

0,6

p n s 17
Cu 1: ( mi 0,5 im ).
a/. 4 x + 3 - x = 15.

b/. 3x 2 - x > 1.

4 x + 3 = x + 15

* Trng hp 1: x -

3x 2 > x + 1
3
, ta c:
4

* Trng hp 1: x

4x + 3 = x + 15

3x - 2 > x + 1

x = 4 ( TMK).

x>

* Trng hp 2: x < -

3
4

, ta c:

4x + 3 = - ( x + 15)

2
, ta c:
3

3
( TMK).
2

* Trng hp 2: x <

2
, ta c:
3

3x 2 < - ( x + 1)

18
( TMK).
5
18
Vy: x = 4 hoc x = - .
5

x=-

1
( TMK)
4
3
1
Vy: x > hoc x < .
2
4

x<

c/. 2 x + 3 5 5 2 x + 3 5 4 x 1
Cu 2:
a/.Ta c: A= (- 7) + (-7)2 + + (- 7)2006 + (- 7)2007
(- 7)A = (-7)2 + (- 7)3 + + (- 7)2007 + (- 7)2008
8A = (- 7) (-7)2008
Suy ra: A =

(1)
( 2)

1
1
.[(- 7) (-7)2008 ] = - ( 72008 + 7 )
8
8

* Chng minh: A 43.

Ta c: A= (- 7) + (-7)2 + + (- 7)2006 + (- 7)2007 , c 2007 s hng. Nhm 3 s lin tip
thnh mt nhm (c 669 nhm), ta c:
A=[(- 7) + (-7)2 + (- 7)3] + + [(- 7)2005 + (- 7)2006 + (- 7)2007]
= (- 7)[1 + (- 7) + (- 7)2] + + (- 7)2005. [1 + (- 7) + (- 7)2]
= (- 7). 43 + + (- 7)2005. 43
= 43.[(- 7) + + (- 7)2005] 43
Vy : A 43
b/. * iu kin :
Nu m 3 v n 3 th m2 3, mn 3 v n2 3, do : m2+ mn + n2 9.
* iu kin cn:
Ta c: m2+ mn + n2 = ( m - n)2 + 3mn. (*)
41

Nu m2+ mn + n2 9 th m2+ mn + n2 3, khi t (*),suy ra: ( m - n)2 3 ,do ( m n) 3 v th ( m - n)2 9 v 3mn 9 nn mn 3 ,do mt trong hai s m hoc n chia
ht cho 3 m ( m - n) 3 nn c 2 s m,n u chia ht cho 3.
Cu 3:
Gi di cc cnh tam gic l a, b, c ; cc ng cao tng ng vi cc cnh l ha ,
hb , hc .
Ta c: (ha +hb) : ( hb + hc ) : ( ha + hc ) = 3 : 4 : 5
Hay:

1
1
1
(ha +hb) = ( hb + hc ) = ( ha + hc ) = k ,( vi k 0).
3
4
5

Suy ra: (ha +hb) = 3k ; ( hb + hc ) = 4k ; ( ha + hc ) = 5k .

Cng cc biu thc trn, ta c: ha + hb + hc = 6k.
T ta c: ha = 2k ; hb =k ; hc = 3k.
Mt khc, gi S l din tch ABC , ta c:
a.ha = b.hb =c.hc
a.2k = b.k = c.3k

a
b
c
= =
3
6
2

Cu 4:
Gi s DC khng ln hn DB hay DC DB.
 =
* Nu DC = DB th BDC cn ti D nn DBC

 .Suy ra: 
BCD
ABD = 
ACD .Khi ta c: ADB =
ADC (c_g_c) . Do : 
ADB = 
ADC ( tri vi gi

thit)

.
D

 < BCD

* Nu DC < DB th trong BDC , ta c DBC

m 
ABC = 
ACB suy ra:

ABD > 
ACD

(1)

Xt ADB v ACD c: AB = AC ; AD chung ; DC < DB.

 < DAB

Suy ra: DAC

(2)

ADB < 
ADC , iu ny tri vi gi thit.
T (1) v (2) trong ADB v ACD ta li c 
Vy: DC > DB.
Cu 5: ( 1 im)
p dng bt ng thc: x y x - y , ta c:

A = x 1004 - x + 1003 ( x 1004) ( x + 1003) = 2007

Vy GTLN ca A l: 2007.
Du = xy ra khi: x -1003.
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Hng dn chm 18
42

Cu 1-a (1 im ) Xt 2 trng hp 3x-2 0. 3x -2 <0

=> kt lun : Khng c gi tr no ca x tho mn.
b-(1 im ) Xt 2 trng hp 2x +5 0 v 2x+5<0
Gii cc bt phng trnh => kt lun.
Cu 2-a(2 im ) Gi s cn tm l abc
abc 18=> abc 9. Vy (a+b+c) 9
(1)
Ta c : 1 a+b+c 27
(2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra a+b+c =9 hoc 18 hoc 27
(3)
Theo bi ra

a b c
a+b+c
= = =
1 2 3
6

(4)

T (3) v (4) => a+b+c=18.

v t (4) => a, b, c m abc 2 => s cn tm : 396, 936.
b-(1 im )
A=(7 +72+73+74) + (75+76+77+78) + ...+ (74n-3+ 74n-2+74n-1+74n).
= (7 +72+73+74) . (1+74+78+...+74n-4).
Trong : 7 +72+73+74=7.400 chia ht cho 400 . Nn A 400
Cu 3-a (1 im ) T C k Cz//By c :
 + CBy
 = 2v (gc trong cng pha)
C
(1)
2
 
C1 + CAx = 2v V theo gi thit C1+C2 + + = 4v =3600.

Vy Cz//Ax.
(2)
T (1) v (2) => Ax//By.
Cu 4-(3 im)
ABC cn, ACB =1000=> CAB = CBA =400.
Trn AB ly AE =AD. Cn chng minh AE+DC=AB (hoc EB=DC)
AED cn, DAE = 400: 2 =200.
=> ADE =AED = 800 =400+EDB (gc ngoi ca EDB)
=> EDB =400 => EB=ED
(1)
Trn AB ly C sao cho AC = AC.
C
CAD = CAD ( c.g.c)
D
0
0


ACD = 100 v DCE = 80 .
Vy DCE cn => DC =ED (2)
T (1) v (2) c EB=DC.
A
C
E
B
M DC =DC. Vy AD +DC =AB.
Cu 5 (1 im).
S=(-3)0+(-3)1 + (-3)2+(-3)3+...+ (-3)2004.
-3S= (-3).[(-3)0+(-3)1+(-3)2 + ....+(-3)2004]
= (-3)1+ (-3)2+ ....+(-3)2005]
-3S-S=[(-3)1 + (-3)2+...+(-3)2005]-(3)0-(-3)1-...-(-3)2005.
-4S = (-3)2005 -1.

S =

(3) 2005 1 3 2005 + 1

=
4
4

--------------------------------------------------------43

p n 19
1
1
1
1
1
1
1 1 1

90 72 56 42 30 20 12 6 2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
) 1
=-( +
1.2 2..3 3.4 4..5 5.6 6.7 7.8 8.9 9.10
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
= - ( + + + ..... + + ) 1
8 9 9 10
1 2 2 3 3 4
1 1
9
= -( ) =
0,5
1 10
10

Bi 1: Ta c : -

Bi 2: A = x 2 + 5 x
Vi x<2 th A = - x+ 2+ 5 x = -2x + 7 >3
0,5
Vi 2 x 5 th A = x-2 x+5 = 3
0,5
Vi x>5 th A = x-2 +x 5 = 2x 7 >3
0,5
So snh cc gi tr ca A trong cc khong ta thy gi tr nh nht ca A = 3
1
<=> 2 x 5
A
Bi 3: a. Trn tia i ca tia OC ly im N sao
cho ON = OC .Gi M l trung im ca BC.
G O
nn OM l ng trung bnh ca tam gic BNC.
H
1
Do OM //BN, OM = BN
B
C
2

Do OM vung gc BC => NB vung gc BC

M AH vung gc vi BC v th NB // AH (1)
Tng t AN//BH
Do NB = AH. Suy ra AH = 2OM (1)
b. Gi I, K theo th t l trung im ca AG v
HG th IK l ng trung bnh ca tam gic
AGH nn IK// AH
IK =

1
AH => IK // OM v IK = OM ;
2

KIG = OMG (so le trong)

IGK = MGO nn GK = OG v IGK = MGO

Ba im H, G, O thng hng
Do GK = OG m GK =

1
HG nn HG = 2GO
2

ng thng qua 3 im H, G, O c gi l ng thng le.

1
Bi 4: Tng cc h s ca mt a thc P(x) bt k bng gi tr ca a thc ti x=1.
Vy tng cc h s ca a thc:
0,5
2 2006 .
2 2007
(3+4x + x )
P(x) = (3-4x+x )
2006
Bng P(1) = (3-4+1) (3+4+1)2007 = 0
0,5
-----------------------------------------------------------44

p n 20
Cu 1: Ta c:
220 0 (mod2) nn 22011969 0 (mod2)
119 1(mod2) nn 11969220 1(mod2)
69 -1 (mod2) nn 69220119 -1 (mod2)
Vy A 0 (mod2) hay A 2
(1)
Tng t:
A 3
(1)
A 17
(1)
V 2, 3, 17 l cc s nguyn t
A 2.3.17 = 102
Cu 2: Tm x
a) (1,5) Vi x < -2 x = -5/2
(0,5)
Vi -2 x 0 khng c gi tr x no tho mn (0,5)
Vi x > 0 x =
(0,5)
b) (1,5)
Vi x < -2 Khng c gi tr x no tho mn
(0,5)
Vi -2 x 5/3 Khng c gi tr x no tho mn
(0,5)
Vi x > 5/3 x = 3,5
(0,5)
Bi 3:
a) D dng chng minh c IH = 0M
A
IH // 0M do 0MN = HIK (g.c.g)
I E
Do : IHQ = M0Q (g.c.g)
QH = Q0
F
H
N
QI = QM
P
b) DIM vung c DQ l ng trung
K Q O
tuyn ng vi cnh huyn nn
R
QD = QI = QM
B
D
M
Nhng QI l ng trung bnh ca 0HA nn
c) Tng t: QK = QN = QE = OB/2
QR = QP = QF = OC/2
Bi 4(1): V 3|x-5| 0 x R
Do A = 10 - 3|x-5| 10
Vy A c gi tr ln nht l 10 |x-5| = 0 x = 5
----------------------------------------------------------------

p n 21
Bi 1.
45

iu kin x 0
a) A = -

(0,25)

9
7

(0,5)

b) x + 3 > 0 A = -1
c) Ta c: A = 1 A Z th

x 5 = x 3 x = 1

8
.
x +3

(0,5)

(0,25)

x + 3 l c ca 8

x = {1; 25} khi A = {- 1; 0}

Bi 2.

(0,5)

x 1 0

x 1

x = 3 (1)

2
x
x
=
=

3
;
2
x
x

7
(
1
)

a) Ta c: 7 x = x 1

b) Ta c: 2M = 2 22 + 23 24 + - 22006 + 22007
3M = 1 + 22007

(0,25)

M=

(0,25)

2 2007 + 1
3

c) Ta c: A = x4 + 2x2 +1 1 vi mi x PCM.
A B C 1800
= = =
= 300
1 2 3
6

Bi 3. Ta c:

(0,5)
(1)

A = 300 ; B = 600 ; C = 900

(0,5)

Vy tam gic ABC l tam gic vung ti C (0,5)

Bi 4.
GT, KL (0,5)
a) Gc AIC = 1200
(1)
b) Ly H AC sao cho AH = AN (0,5)
T chng minh IH = IN = IM (1)
Bi 5.
A=1+

2000
6x

AMax 6 x > 0 v nh nht

(0,5)

6 x = 1 x = 5. Vy x = 5 tho mn iu kin bi ton khi A Max= 2001

(0,5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------

p n 22
Cu 1: (2.5)
15

a.

20

15

40

1
1
1
1
1
a1. . = . =
2 2

2 4

25

30

50

b.
c.
46

A=
c1.

30

(0.5)

1
1
1
1
a2. : = : =
9

55

20

(0.5)

4 5 .9 4 2 .6 9
210.38.(1 3) 1
=
=
210.38 + 6 8.20 210.38 (1 + 5) 3

7
= 0.(21)
33

(0.5)
c2.

7
= 0,3(18)
22

(0.5)

c3. 0,(21) =

21 7
=
;
99 33

c4. 5,1(6) = 5

1
6

Cu 2: (2)
Gi khi lng ca 3 khi 7, 8, 9 ln lt l a, b, c (m3)
a + b + c = 912 m3.

S hc sinh ca 3 khi l :

Theo ra ta c:

(0.5)

(0.5)

a
b
c
;
;
1,2
1,4
1,6

b
a
b
c
v
(0.5)
=
=
3.4,1 1,2
4.1,4 5.1,6

a
b
c
=
=
= 20
4.1,2 12.1,4 15.1,6

(0.5)

Vy a = 96 m3 ; b = 336 m3 ; c = 480 m3.

Nn s HS cc khi 7, 8, 9 ln lt l: 80 hs, 240 hs, 300 hs.
Cu 3: ( 1.5):
a.Tm max A.
Ta c: (x + 2)2 0 (x = 2)2 + 4 4 Amax=

3
khi x = -2
4

(0.5)

(0.75)

b.Tm min B.
Do (x 1)2 0 ; (y + 3)2 0 B 1
(0.75)
Vy Bmin= 1 khi x = 1 v y = -3
Cu 4: (2.5) K CH ct MB ti E. Ta c EAB cn
C
0
ti E EAB =30
EAM = 200 CEA = MAE = 200
(0.5)
E
Do ACB = 800 ACE = 400 AEC = 1200 (
1 ) (0.5)
10
Mt khc: EBC = 200 v EBC = 400 CEB =
H
A
1200 ( 2 )
(0.5)
T ( 1 ) v ( 2 ) AEM = 1200
Do EAC = EAM (g.c.g) AC = AM MAC cn ti A
(0.5)
V CAM = 400 AMC = 700.
(0.5)
Cu 5: (1.5)
Gi s a2 v a + b khng nguyn t cng nhau a2 v a + b
Cng chia ht cho s nguyn t d: a2 chia ht cho d a chia ht
cho d v a + b chia ht cho d b chia hta cho d
(0.5)
(a,b) = d tri vi gi thit.
Vy (a2,a + b) =1.
(0.5)
------------------------------------------------------0

M
300

23
47

Cu I :
1) Xc nh a, b ,c
a 1 b + 3 c 5 5(a 1) 3(b + 3) 4(c 5) 5a 3b 4c 5 9 + 20
=
=
=
= 2
=
=
=
12
24
10
10 12 24
2
4
6

=> a = -3 ; b = -11; c = -7.

Cch 2 :

a 1 b + 3 c 5
=
=
= t ; sau rt a, b ,c thay vo tm t =- 2 tm a,b,c.
2
4
6

2) Chng minh
t

a c
= = k => a= kb ; c = kd Thay vo cc biu thc :
b d

2a 2 3ab + 5b 2 2c 2 3cd + 5d 2 k 2 3k + 5 k 2 3k + 5
=

= 0 => pcm.

2 + 3k
2 + 3k
2b 2 + 3ab
2d 2 + 3cd

Cu II: Tnh:
1
1
1 1 1 1
1
1
1 1 1 32
16
+
+ .... +
) = + + ..... + = = =>A =
3 .5 5 .7
3 5 5 7
97.99
97 99 3 99 99
99
1
1
1
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+ ..... +
+
2) B = = + 2 3 + ..... + 50 51 =
2
3
50
3 3
(3) (3 ) (3 )
3
3
(3 ) (351 )
3

1) Ta c :2A= 2(

1
1
1
1
1
3 51 1
(351 1)
1
1
1
+
+
+

..... +
=>
B=
=
=> B =
3
3 (352 )
(351 ) (352 )
352
4.351
(3 2 ) (33 ) (3) 4

Cu III
2
1
2
3 1
7
+ . 0,(1).3 = + . =
10 10
10 10 9 30
1
1
12
32 1
0,120(32) = 0,12 + 0,000(32) =0,12+
.
.0,(32)= 0,12+
.0,(01).32 =
+
1000
1000
100 1000 99
1489
=
12375

Ta c : 0.2(3) = 0.2 + 0.0(3) =

Cu IV :
Gi a thc bc hai l : P(x) = ax(x-1)(x-2) + bx(x-1)+c(x-3) + d
P(0) = 10 => -3c+d =10 (1)
P(1) = 12 => -2c+d =12 =>d =12+2c thay vo (1) ta c -3c+12+2c =10 =>c=2 , d =16
P(2)= 4 => 2b -2+16 = 4 > b= -5
P(3) = 1 => 6a-30 +16 =1 => a =

5
2

5
2

Vy a thc cn tm l : P(x) = x( x 1)( x 2) 5 x( x 1) + 2( x 3) + 16

=> P(x) =

5 3 25 2
x - x + 12 x + 10
2
2

Cu V:
a) D thy ADC = ABE ( c-g-c) => DC =BE .
V AE AC; AD AB
mt khc gc ADC = gc ABE
48

m tra

=> DC Vi BE.
b) Ta c MN // DC v MP // BE => MN MP
MN =

1
1
DC = BE =MP;
2
2

Vy MNP vung cn ti M.
---------------------------------------------------------

p n 24
Bi 1:
3 3
3
3
3 3 3
+ +
+
8
10
11
12
2
3 4 (0,25)
+
A=
5 5
5
5 5 5 5
+

+
8 10 11 12 2 3 4

a)

1
1
1 1
1 1 1
3 + + 3 +
8 10 11 12
2 3 4
(0,25)
A=
+
1
1
1 1
1 1 1
5
+ + 5 +
8 10 11 12
2 3 4

A=

3
3
+ =0
5
5

b) 4B = 22 + 24 + ... + 2102

(0,25)
(0,25)

3B = 2102 1;

Bi 2:
(0,25)
a) Ta c 430 = 230.415
3.2410 = 230.311
(0,25)
m 415 > 311 430 > 311 230 + 330 + 430 > 3.2410
b) 4 = 36 > 29
33 >

B=

2102 1
3

(0,25)

(0,25)

(0,25)
36 + 33 > 29 + 14
(0,25)
Bi 3:
Gi x1, x2 x3 ln lt l s ngy lm vic ca 3 my

14

x1 x2 x3
=
=
(1)
3
4
5

(0,25)

Gi y1, y2, y3 ln lt l s gi lm vic ca cc my

y1 y2 y3
=
=
(2)
6
7
8

(0,25)

Gi z1, z2, z3 ln lt l cng sut ca 3 my

5z1 = 4z2 = 3z3
M

z1 z2 z3
=
=
(3)
1
1
1
5
4
3

x1y1z1 + x2y2z2 + x3y3z3 = 359 (3)

(0,25)
(0,25)
49

T (1) (2) (3)

x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 x3 y3 z3 395
=
=
=
= 15
18
40
395
7
5
3
15

(0,5)

x1y1z1 = 54;
x2y2z2 = 105;
x3y3z3 = 200
Vy s thc mi i ln lt l 54, 105, 200 (0,25)
Bi 4:
a) EAB =CAD (c.g.c)
(0,5)
 = ADM
 (1)
(0,25)
ABM


(0,25)

Ta c BMC = MBD + BDM (gc ngoi tam gic)

(0,25)
 = MBA
 + 60 0 + BDM
 = ADM
 + BDM
 + 60 0 = 120 0
BMC
(0,25)
b) Trn DM ly F sao cho MF = MB (0,5)
A
FBM u
(0,25)
D
F
DFBAMB (c.g.c) (0,25)
 = AMB
 = 120 0
DFB
Bi 6: Ta c

(0,5)

1
x = 2 f (2) + 3. f ( ) = 4
2
1
1
1
x = f ( ) + 3. f (2) =
2
2
4
47
f (2) =
32

(0,25)

(0,25)
(0,5)

-------------------------------------------------------

p n 25
Cu 1
a.Nu x 0 suy ra x = 1 (tho mn)
Nu < 0 suy ra x = -3 (tho mn)
b.

1 x 1 x 3 y =1
= =

y 6 2
6
x 3 = 6
y = 3
x 3 = 2

;hoc

y = 2
x 3 = 3

; hoc

hoc
hoc

y = 6
x 3 = 1

y = 1
x 3 = 6

; hoc

y = 2
x 3 = 3

;hoc

y = 6
x 3 = 1

; hoc

y = 3
x 3 = 2

T ta c cc cp s (x,y) l (9,1); (-3, -1) ; (6, 2) ; (0,- 2) ; (5, 3) ; (1, -3) ; (4, 6); (2, 6)
c. T 2x = 3y v 5x = 7z bin i v
 x = 42; y = 28; z = 20
Cu 2
50

x
y
z
3 x 7 y 5 z 3 x 7 y + 5 z 30
=
=
=
=
=
=
=2
21 14 10
61 89 50 63 89 + 50 15

a.

A l tch ca 99 s m do

1
1 1.3 2.4 5.3 99.101
1 1
A = 1 1 1 .... 1
= 2 i 2 i 2 iii
2
1002
4 9 16 100 2 3 4
1.2.3.2....98.99 3.4.5...99.100.101 101
1
1
=
=
> A<
i
2.3.4...99.100 2.3.4......99.100
200
2
2

b.

B=

x +1
=
x 3

x 3+ 4
4
= 1+
B nguyn
x 3
x 3

4
x 3 ( 4)
nguen
x 3

x {4; 25;16;1; 49}

Cu 3
Thi gian i thc t nhiu hn thi gian d nh
Gi vn tc i d nh t C n B l v1 == 4km/h
Vn tc thc t i t C n B l V2 = 3km/h
Ta c:

V1 4 t1 V1 3
= va =
=
V2 3 t2 V2 4

(t1 l thi gian i AB vi V1; t2 l thi gian i CB vi V2)

t

t1 3
t
t t t 15
= 2 = 1 = 2 1 = = 15  t2 = 15 . 4 = 60 pht = 1 gi
t2 4
4 3 43 1

Vy qung ng CB l 3km, AB = 15km

Ngi xut pht t 11 gi 45 pht (15:4) = 8 gi
Cu 4
a.
Tam gic AIB = tam gic CID v c (IB = ID; gc I1 = gc I2; IA = IC)
b.
Tam gic AID = tam gic CIB (c.g.c)
 gc B1 = gc D1 v BC = AD hay MB =ND  tam gic BMI = tam gic DNI (c.g.c)
 Gc I3 = gc I4  M, I, N thng hng v IM = IN
Do vy: I l trung im ca MN
c.
Tam gic AIB c gc BAI > 900  gc AIB < 900  gc BIC > 900
d.
Nu AC vung gc vi DC th AB vung gc vi AC do vy tam gic ABC vung
ti A
Cu 5.
4 x + 10
10
10
P ln nht khi
ln nht
= 1+
4 x
4 x
4 x
10
Xt x > 4 th
<0
4 x
10
Xt x< 4 th
>0
4 x
10

ln nht  4 x l s nguyn dng nh nht
4 x

P=

4x=1x=3
khi

10
= 10  Pln nht = 11.
4 x

------------------------------------------------------------51

Hng dn chm 26
Bi 1 : a) Tm x . Ta c 2 x 6 + 5x =9
2 x 6 = 9-5x

* 2x 6 0 x 3 khi 2x 6 = 9-5x x =

15
khng tho mn.
7

(0,5)

* 2x 6 < 0 x< 3 khi 6 2x = 9-5x x= 1 tho mn.

Vy x = 1.

(0,5)

1 1 1 1
b) Tnh . (1+2+3+...+90).( 12.34 6.68) : + + + = 0.

(0,5)

( v 12.34 6.68 = 0).

c) Ta c : 2A = 21 + 22 +23 + 24 + 25 +...+ 2101 2A A = 2101 1.
(0,5)
101
101
(0,5)
Nh vy 2 1 < 2 . Vy A<B .
Bi 2 : Gi 3 cnh ca tam gic ABC l a, b, c v 3 ng cao tng ng l ha, hb, hc .
Theo bi ta c. (ha+ hb): (hb + hc) : (hc + ha ) = 5 :7 :8 hay ha + hb =5k ; hb + hc=7k
hc + ha = 8k ; ha + hb +hc =10k . (k l h s t l ) .
(0,5)
Suy ra hc =( ha + hb +hc) (ha + hb) = 10k 5k =5k.
Tng t : ha =3k , hb= 2k .
A
Din tch tam gic :
Suy ra

1
1
a . ha = b.hb
2
2

a hb 2k 2
a 5 b 5
=
=
= . Tng t : = ; = ;
b ha 3k 3
c 3 c 2

a.ha = b.hb =c.hc

a:b:c =

(0,5)

a
b
c
=
=
1
1
1
ha
hb
hc

1 1 1 1 1 1
: :
= : : . Hay a:b:c = 10: 15 :6 .
ha hb hc 3 2 5

Bi 3 : a) Ti x =

16
ta c : A =
9

b) Vi x >1 . A = 5 tc l

(0,5)

16
+1
25
9
ta c : A =
= 7 ; ti x =
9
16
1
9

x +1
x 1

=5

x=

3
9
x=
2
4

25
+1
9
= 4;
25
1
9

(1)

(1)

Bi 4 : E thuc phn gic ca ABC nn EN = EC ( tnh cht phn gic) suy ra :

tam gic NEC cn v ENC = ECN (1) . D thuc phn gic ca gc CAB nn DC = DM
(tnh cht phn gic ) suy ra tam gic MDC cn .
v DMC =DCM ,(2) . Ta li c MDB = DCM +DMC (gc ngoi ca CDM ) = 2DCM.
52

Tng t ta li c AEN = 2ECN . M AEN = ABC (gc c cnh tng ng vung gc

cng nhn).
MDB = CAB (gc c cnh tng ng vung gc cng nhn ). Tam gic vung ABC c
ACB = 900 , CAB + CBA = 900 , suy ra CAB = ABC = AEN + MDB = 2 ( ECN + MCD
)
suy ra ECN + MCD = 450 . Vy MCN = 900 450 =450 .
(1,5)
Bi 5 :
Ta c P = -x2 8x + 5 = - x2 8x 16 +21 = -( x2 +8x + 16) + 21 = -( x+ 4)2 + 21;
(0,75)
Do ( x+ 4)2 0 vi mi x nn ( x +4)2 +21 21 vi mi x . Du (=) xy ra khi x =
-4
Khi P c gi tr ln nht l 21.
------------------------------------------------------------

hng dn 27
Cu 1: (3)
b/ 2-1.2n + 4.2n = 9.25
0,5
suy ra 2n-1 + 2n+2 = 9.25
n
5
suy ra 2 (1/2 +4) = 9. 2
suy ra 2n-1 .9 =9. 25 suy ra n-1 = 5 suy ra n=6.
0,5
n+2 n+2
n n
n 2
n 2
n
n
c/ 3 -2 +3 -2 =3 (3 +1)-2 (2 +1) = 3 .10-2 .5
0,5
n
n
2n-1
n
n
0,5
v 3 .10 10 v 2 .5 = .10 10 suy ra 3 .10-2 .5 10
Bi 2:
a/ Gi x, y, z ln lt l s hc sinh ca 7A, 7B, 7C tham gia trng cy(x, y, zz+) ta c:
2x=3y = 4z v x+y+z =130
0,5
hay x/12 = y/8 = z/6 m x+y+z =130
0,5
suy ra: x=60; y = 40; z=30
-7(4343-1717)
b/ -0,7(4343-1717) =
0,510
43
40
3
4 10
3
4
Ta c: 43 = 43 .43 = (43 ) .43 v 43 tn cng l 1 cn 433 tn cng l 7 suy ra 4343
tn cng bi 7
1717 = 1716.17 =(174)4.17 v 174 c tn cng l 1 suy ra (174)4 c tn cng l 1 suy ra
1717 = 1716.17 tn cng bi 7
0,5
suy ra 4343 v 1717 u c tn cng l 7 nn 4343-1717 c tn cng l 0 suy ra 4343-1717
chia ht cho 10
0,5
43
17
suy ra -0,7(43 -17 ) l mt s nguyn.
Bi 3: 4( Hc sinh t v hnh)
a/ MDB= NEC suy ra DN=EN
0,5
53

b/ MDI= NEI suy ra IM=IN suy ra BC ct MN ti im I l trung im ca MN

0,5
c/ Gi H l chn ng cao vung gc k t A xung BC ta c AHB= AHC suy ra
HAB=HAC 0,5
gi O l giao AH vi ng thng vung gc vi MN k t I th
0,5
OAB= OAC (c.g.c) nn OBA = OCA(1)
OIM= OIN suy ra OM=ON
0,5
(2)
0,5
suy ra OBN= OCN (c.c.c) OBM=OCM
T (1) v (2) suy ra OCA=OCN=900 suy ra OC AC
0,5
Vy im O c nh.
-------------------------------------------------------

p n 28
Cu 1: (2).
a. a + a = 2a vi a 0 (0,25)
Vi a < 0 th a + a = 0 (0,25).
b. a - a
-Vi a 0 th a - a = a a = 0
-Vi a< 0 th a - a = - a - a = - 2a
c.3(x 1) - 2x + 3
-Vi x + 3 0 x - 3
Ta c: 3(x 1) 2 x + 3 = 3(x 1) 2(x + 3)
= 3x 3 2x 6
= x 9.
(0,5)
-Vi x + 3 < 0 x< - 3
Tac: 3(x 1) - 2x + 3 = 3(x 1) + 2(x + 3).
= 3x 3 + 2x + 6
= 5x + 3 (0,5).
Cu 2: Tm x (2).
a.Tm x, bit: 5x - 3 - x = 7 5 x 3 = x + 7 (1)
K: x -7
5 x 3 = x + 7

(1)

5 x 3 = ( x + 7 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )
.

(0,25 )

Vy c hai gi tr x tha mn iu kin u bi.

x1 = 5/2 ; x2= - 2/3
b. 2x + 3 - 4x < 9 (1,5) 2x + 3 < 9 + 4x (1)
K: 4x +9 0 x

9
4

2 < x < 3 (t/mK) (0,5).

Cu 3:
54

(1) ( 4 x + 9 ) < 2 x 3 < 4 x + 9

(0,25).

Gi ch s ca s cn tm l a, b, c. V s cn tm chia ht 18 s phi chia ht cho

9.
Vy (a + b + c ) chia ht cho 9. (1) (0,5).
Tac: 1 a + b + c 27
(2)
V 1 a 9 ; b 0 ; 0 c 9
T (1) v (2) ta c (a + b + c) nhn cc gi tr 9, 18, 27 (3).
Suy ra: a = 3 ; b = 6 ; c = 9 (0,5).
V s cn tm chia ht 18 nn va chia ht cho 9 va chia ht cho 2 ch s hng n
v phi l s chn.

Vy ss cn tm l: 396 ; 963

(0,5).

-V hnh ng vit gi thit, kt lun ng (0,5).

-Qua N k NK // AB ta c.
EN // BK NK = EB
EB // NK
EN = BK
Li c: AD = BE (gt)
AD = NK (1)
-Hc sinh chng minh ADM = NKC (gcg) (1)
DM = KC
(1)
------------------------------------------------------

p n 29
Bi 1: Ta c:

10A =

102007 + 10
9
= 1 + 2007
2007
10 + 1
10 + 1

(1)

102008 + 10
9
= 1 + 2008
(2)
2008
10 + 1
10 + 1
9
9
10A > 10B A > B
T (1) v (2) ta thy : 2007 > 2008
10 + 1 10 + 1

Tng t:

10B =

Bi 2:(2im)

Thc hin php tnh:

1
1
1
.1
... 1
A = 1

(1 + 2).2
(1 + 3).3
(1 + 2006)2006

2

2

2 5 9 2007.2006 2 4 10 18 2007.2006 2
. . ....
= . . ....
3 6 10
2006.2007
6 12 20
2006.2007

(1)

M: 2007.2006 - 2 = 2006(2008 - 1) + 2006 - 2008

= 2006(2008 - 1+ 1) - 2008 = 2008(2006 -1) = 2008.2005
(2)
T (1) v (2) ta c:
4.1 5.2 6.3 2008.2005 (4.5.6...2008)(1.2.3...2005)
2008 1004
.
.
....
=
=
=
A=
2.3 3.4 4.5 2006.2007 (2.3.4...2006)(3.4.5...2007) 2006.3 3009
55

Bi 3:(2im)

T:

x 1 1
1 x 1
= =
8 y 4
y 8 4
1
y

Quy ng mu v phi ta c : =

x-2
. Do : y(x-2) =8.
8

x, y nguyn th y v x-2 phi l c ca 8. Ta c cc s nguyn tng ng cn tm

trong bng sau:
Y
x-2
X

1
8
10

-1
-8
-6

2
4
6

-2
-4
-2

4
2
4

-4
-2
0

8
1
3

-8
-1
1

Bi 4:(2 im)
Trong tam gic tng di hai cnh ln hn cnh th 3. Vy c:
b + c > a.
(1)
Nhn 2 v vi a >0 ta c:
a.b + a.c > a2.
2
(2)
Tng t ta c :
b.c + b.a > b
2
(3).
a.c + c.b > c
Cng v vi v ca (1), (2), (3) ta c:
2(ab + bc + ca) > a2 + b2 + c2.
 ct ng thng CK I.
Bi 5:(3 im) V tia phn gic ABK
A

Ta c: IBC cn nn IB = IC.



BIA = CIA (ccc) nn B
IA = C
IA = 120 0 . Do :
BIA = BIK (gcg) BA=BK

b) T chng minh trn ta c:

 = 70
BAK

---------------------------------------------------

p n 30
Bi 1. 4
a) 74( 72 + 7 1) = 74. 55 55 (pcm)
2
b) Tnh A = 1 + 5 + 52 + 53 + . . . + 549 + 55 0
5.A = 5 + 52 + 53 + . . . + 549 + 55 0 + 551
1
51

(1)
(2)

Tr v theo v (2) cho (1) ta c : 4A = 5 1 => A =

1
Bi 2. 4
a)

1
4

51

a b c
a 2b 3c a + 2b 3c 20
= =  =
=
=
=
= 5 => a = 10, b = 15, c =20.
2 3 4
2 6 12 2 + 6 12
4

2
56

b) Gi s t giy bc 20 000, 50 000, 100 000 theo th t l x, y, z ( x, y, z N) 0,5

Theo bi ra ta c: x + y + z = 16 v 20 000x = 50 000y = 100 000z
0,5
Bin i: 20 000x = 50 000y = 100 000z

=>

x y z x + y + z 16
20 000 x 50 000 y 100 000 z
=
=
= = =
=
=2
100 000 100 000 100 000
5 2 1 5 + 2 +1 8

0,5
Suy ra x = 10, y = 4, z = 2.
Vy s t giy bc loi 20 000, 50 000, 100 000 theo th t l 10; 4; 2.

0,5
Bi 3. 4

a) f(x) + g(x) = 12x4 11x3 +2x2 -

1
1
x4
4

1
f(x) - g(x) = 2x5 +2x4 7x3 6x2 -

1
1
x+
4
4

1
b) A = x + x4 + x6 + x8 + + x100 ti x = - 1
A = (-1)2 + (-1)4 + (-1)6 ++ (-1)100 = 1 + 1 + 1 ++ 1 = 50 (c 50 s hng)
2
Bi 4. 4: V hnh (0,5) phn a) 1,5 - phn b) 2
2

a) ABD = EBD (c.g.c) => DA = DE

b) V ABD = EBD nn gc A bng gc BED
Do gc A bng 900 nn gc BED bng 900

c
a

Bi 5: 4
a) Tam gic ABC v tam gic ABG c:
DE//AB, DE =

1
1
AB, IK//AB, IK= AB
2
2

Do DE // IK v DE = IK
b) GDE = GIK (g. c. g) v c: DE = IK (cu a)
Gc GDE = gc GIK (so le trong, DE//IK)
Gc GED = gc GKI (so le trong, DE//IK)
GD = GI. Ta c GD = GI = IA nn AG =

e
G

k
b

2
AD
3

- V hnh: 0,5
- Phn a) ng: 2
- Phn b) ng: 1,5

57