Data data : 1.

Panjang baentang kuda kuda,L

: 12,00 m

2. Jarak antar kuda kuda

: 2,60 m

3. Kemiringan atap

: 30

4. Jenis kayu

: KRUING

5. Penutup atap

: ASBES

6. Plafond / langit langit

: -

7. Beban angina

: 35

kg/m

8. Beban hidup / berguna

: 100

kg

Penyelesaian :
1. Perhitungan panjang batang dan besar sudut

Cos 30 = AD/AI
AI = AD / cos 30 = 2,00 / cos 30
AI = 2,31 m ( a1 )
sin 30 = ID /AI
ID = AI sin 30 = 2,31 sin 30
ID = 1,15 (v1)

< AID = 180 - 90 - 30 = 60

tg 30 = EJ / A
EJ = AE tg 30 = 4 tg 30 = 2,31 (v2)
EI = AI = 2,31 (D1)
EJ = AI = 2,31 (A2)
< IJE = 180 - 60 - 60 = 60
< JIE = 180 - 60 - 60 = 60

tg 30 = CF / AF
CF = AF tg 30 = 6 tg 30 = 3,46 (v3)
arc tg = 2,00 / 2,31
arc tg = 0,86 = 40.69
sin 40.69 = FE / EJ

FJ = FE / sin 40,69 = 2,00 / sin 40.69

FJ = 3,06 m (d2)
< EFJ = 180 - 40.69 - 90 = 49.31
< CFJ = 90 - 49.31 = 40.69
< CJF = 180 - 40.35 - 60 = 79.31
Konstruksi simetris cukup dihitung separuh

2. Perhitungan kasau

Perhitungan Momem dan Normal

a. Akibat beban penutup atap (genteng)
Jarak antar kasau diambil 40 cm = 0,4 m
Digunakan atap asbes ; 11 kg/m

q = 11 kg/m . 0,4 m = 4,4 kg/m = 0,044 kg/cm

MB = 0
RAV . 231 q . cos 30 . 200 (231/2) = 0
RAV = ( 0,044 cos 30 . 200 . 115 ) / 231 = 3,794 kg

Kh = 0
RAH q . sin 30 . 200 = 0
RAH 0,044 . sin 30 . 200 = 4,4 kg

Diagram Momen

Mx = RAv . x q cos 30 . x . cos 30 . (x/2)

= 3,794 x - 0,0165 x2
x

=0

; Mx = 0

= 231/2

; Mx = 218,09 kg.cm

= 231

; Mx = 0

Diagram Momen
Diagram Normal

Nx = - RAH + q sin 30 . cos 30

Nx = -4,4 + 0,019 . x
x

=0

; Nx = -4,4 kg

= 231/2

; Nx = -2,2055 kg

= 231

; Nx = 0

b. Akibat beban hidup

MB = 0
RAV . 231 P . cos 30 (231/2)
RAV = (100 . cos 30 . 115,5) / 231
RAV = 43.30 kg
KH = 0
RAH P . sin 30 = 0
RAH = 100 . sin 30 = 50 kg
Diagram Momen
Mmax = RAV . (231/2)
= 43.30 . 115,5 = 5001,15 kg .cm

Diagram Normal
Interval A C

Nx = -RAH
Nx = -50 kg
Interval C B

Nx = -RAH + P . sin 30
Nx = - 50 + 100 . sin 30
Nx = 0

Diagram Normal
c. Akibat beban angin
Tekanan angin = 35 kg/m = arah tegak lurus bidang atap
= 0,0035 kg/cm
Koefisien angin = ( + 0,02 . ) 0,4
= + 0,2
q = 0,0035 kg/cm . 40 . 0,2
= 0,028 kg/cm = angin tekan

M max = ditengah bentang

= 1/8 .q .l
= 1/8 .0,028.231 = 186,76 kg.cm
karena berupa angin tekan, maka momen akibat angin diperhitungkan
Gaya normal = 0
M max total = ( 218,09 + 5001,15 + 186,76 ) kg.cm
= 5406 kg.cm ( ditengah bentang )
Nx total

= ( -2.2055 ) + ( -50 )

= -52.2055kg ( ditengah bentang )

Pengecekan tegangan
dicoba kasau 6/8
Menurut PKKI bab V pasal 12, apabila suatu gelagar menderita lentur dan tekan maka
tegangan sebagai berikut :

Ix

N.W
Fbr

M
Ix

. Y tk//

tk //
lt

1
12

1
12

. b . h

. 6 . 8
4

= 256 cm
4

Fbr = 6 . 8 = 48 cm
y

= . 8 = 4 cm

I min = Iy = 1/12 .b . h

= 1/12 . 6 . 8 = 144

Im in
Fbr
imin

144
48
=

= 1,732
231
1,732

lk
i min

= 133,37 133

Dari daftar PPKI didapatkan = 5.77

tk = 85 kg/cm
lt = 100 kg/cm

= 85/100 = 0,85

sehingga :

N .
Fbr

M
Ix

. y tk // 5/4

52,2055.5,77
48

+ 0,85 .

5406
256

. 4 106,25 kg/cm

= 6,275 + 71,798
= 78,073 106,25 kg/cm

(aman)

3. Perhitungan dimensi gording

Beban beban yang bekerja
a. Berat sendiri gording arah vertical
b. Beban berguna ( P = 100 ) arah vertical
c. Beban genteng ( q1 = 50 kg/cm ) arah vertical
d. Beban tekanan angin ( P = 35 kg/cm ) arah bidang atap
Perhitungan Momen dan Tegangan

a. Akibat berat sendiri gording

digunakan gording 10/14 cm
Bj gording = 0,91 gr/cm = 0,00091 kg/cm
Q gording = ( 10 . 14 . 0,00091 ) kg/cm
= 0,1274 kg/cm

berat gording ( q )arahnya vertical

Sedangkan posisi gording miring ( = 28 )
Sehingga timbul qx dan qy, maka gording mengalami lentur biaksial
Tegangan yang dialami gording

=(

Mx
Ix

My
Iy

.y)+(

.x)

dengan Mx = momen akibat qx ; x =b/2

My = momen akibat qy ; y =b/2
Sehingga :
qx = q cos
= 0,1274 . cos 30 = 0,1103 kg/cm
qx = q sin
= 0,1274 . sin 30 = 0,0637 kg/cm

Mx =

1
8

. qx . L

1
8

My =

1
8

1
8

Ix

Iy =
X

1
12

1
12

. 0,1103 . 260 = 932,035 kg cm

. qy . L

. 0,0637 . 260 = 538,265 kg cm

. b . h =

. b . h =

1
12

1
12

. 10 . 14 = 2287 cm

. 10 . 14 = 1167 cm

= 10/2 = 5 cm

Y = 14/2 = 7 cm

1 = (

=(

Mx
Ix

My
Iy

.y)+(

932,035
2287

.7)+(

= 2,853 + 2,306
= 5,159 kg/cm
b. Akibat beban berguna

.x)
538,265
1167

.5)

Px = P cos
= 100 . cos 28 = 88,29 kg/cm
Px = P sin
= 100 . sin 28 = 46,95 kg/cm
Mx = 1/4 . Px . L
= 1/4 . 88.29 . 260 = 5738,9 kg cm
My = 1/4 . Py . L
= 1/4 . 46,95 . 260 = 3051,2 kg cm

2 = (

Mx
Ix

=(

My
Iy

.y)+(

5738,9
2287

.x)

.7)+(

= 17,565 + 13,073
= 30,638 kg/cm

c. Akibat beban genteng

3051,2
1167

.5)

q = 50 kg/m = 0,005 kg/cm

q = 0,005 kg/cm . 179 = 0,895 kg/cm
qx = q . cos 28
= 0,895 . cos 28 = 0,790 kg/cm
qx = q . sin 28
= 0,895 . sin 28 = 0,420 kg/cm
1
8

Mx =

1
8

1
8

My =

1
8

3 = (

. qx . L

. 0,790 . 260 = 6675,5 kg cm

. qy . L

. 0,420 . 260 = 3549 kg cm

Mx
Ix

My
Iy

.y)+(

6675,5
2287

(. 7 ) + (

.x)
3549
1167

.5)

= 20,432 + 15,206 = 35,638 kg/cm

d. Akibat angin

q1 = 35 kg/m = 0,0035 kg/cm

q = 0,0035 . 179 . Koefisien angin
= 0,0035 . 179 . ( + 0,2 )
= + 0.1253 kg/cm
q =. qx qy = 0
q angin bidang atap ( sb.x )

Mx =

1
8

1
8

. qx . L

. 0,1253 . 260 = 8470,28 kg cm

My = 0
Mx
Iy

.y =

8470,28
2287

. 7 = 3,241 kg/cm

* Kontrol tegangan yang terjadi

lt < tk

Tegangan total tot = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

= 5,041 + 30,638 + 35,638 + 3,241
= 106,568 kg/cm

lt = 100 . 1 5/4 = 125 kg/cm

74,558 < 125 kg/cm ..( aman)

4. Kontrol lendutan gording

a. Akibat berat sendiri gording

fx = lendutan akibat qx

5
384
5
384

q x .L4
E.lx
0,1125.( 260 4 )
100000.2287

= 0,029 cm
fy = lendutan akibat qy

5
384

5
384

q x .L4
E.ly
.

0,0589.(260 4 )
100000.1167

= 0,030 cm