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CHNG 36
36.1. Lm th no m s tin ha ca mch g (xylem) v mch ry (phloem)
gp phn vo s thnh cng ca vic chim lnh t ai bi thc vt c
mch?
- Thc vt c chi cao v tn l cao thng c mt li th hn cc thc vt cnh
tranh vi thc vt c chi v tn l thp hn
- Nh s tin ha ca m mch gm mch g v mch ry c th thc y s pht
trin ca h r v h chi m rng thc hin s vn chuyn vi khong cch
di. H qu ca s chn lc i vi nhng cy chi cao lm cho s phn tch t
r n l xa hn. Gy kh khan cho vic vn chuyn cht cht dinh dng trong
cy.
- Thc vt c mch g t hiu qu cao hn trong vic cung cp ti nguyn t
(nc v khong sn) cho h thng chi.
- Tng t nh vy , nhng thc vt c mch ry t hiu qu cao hn trong vic
cung cp ng cng vi carbohydrates. Mch ry chuyn cht hu c t l n
v tr s dng hoc d tr.
36.2. Dch xylem thng c ko hoc y ln pha trn cy l ng hay
khng?
ng. Dch xylem thng c ko hoc y ln pha trn cy bi s thot hi
nc ( s mt nc ch yu thng qua cc l kh) thng xuyn, nhiu hn so
vi vic n c y ln bi p sut r.
36.3 Ti sao kh nng to lin kt hydro ca cc phn t nc li quan trng
i vi s chuyn ng ca dch xylem?
- Lin kt hydro gip cho cc phn t nc lin kt li vi nhau v tng bm
dnh ca nc vi cc vt liu khc , chng hn nh thnh t bo.
- Lc lin kt v bm dnh h tr thm cho s vn chuyn ng di nh dng
khi.
- C s bm dnh v s lin kt ca cc phn t nc u tham gia vo s i ln
ca dch xylem trong iu kin p sut m.
36.4. V sao cc l kh khng c vai tr quan trng i vi cy?
Mc d phn ln nc ca cy thot ra ngoi mi trng thng qua l kh, nhng
n cn thit cho qu trnh trao i kh ca cy (VD: trong qu trnh quang hp,
CO2 ngoi mi trng khuch tn vo trong l qua l kh tin hnh quang
hp)
CHNG 37
37.1. Bng cch no t tr thnh mt HST phc tp
- Gii hn ca mt HST c lin quan n cc qun x sinh vt trong mt khu vc
nht nh v tng tc ca chng n mi trng vt l xung quanh
- t cha nhiu qun x sinh vt , bao gm vi khun , nm, ng vt , v cc h
thng r ca cy.
- Sc sng ca cc qun x ring bit ph thuc vo cc yu t v sinh trong mi
trng t, nh l cc cht khong, oxi, nc, cng nh s tng tc c v mt
tch cc ln tiu cc gia cc qun x sinh vt khc nhau.