Rocks and

Minerals

Done by Ahalya S Prasad

TYPES OF ROCK

There are three main types of rocks: Igneous

Sedimentary
Metamorphic

IGNEOUS ROCKS

These are the rocks that are formed when lava

cools down. They are said to be formed by
fire.
Examples: Basalt, granite , pumice, obsidian

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

As the name suggests, these rocks are formed

from sediments. These sediments eventually
accumulate in the seabed and the pressure of
the water above turns them into rocks.
Example: limestone, sandstone.

METAMORPHIC
ROCKS

These are the rocks that have been changed

by the heat and pressure in the earths crust.
For example, rocks in contact with magma are
changed by heat. Example: marble, slate

CLASSIFICATION OF
MINERALS

Minerals can be classified into Metallic

minerals and nonmetallic minerals.
Metallic minerals can be classified into ferrous,
nonferrous and precious minerals.
Nonmetallic minerals can be classified into
metals used for industry, farming, energy
supplies and precious gemstones.

FERROUS MINERALS

EXAMPLE: IRON

NONFERROUS
MINERALS

Examples: Copper, tin, bauxite, lead

PRECIOUS METALS

Example: gold, silver