INTERNATIONAL iso STANDARD 17357 First edition 2002-11-15 Ships and marine technology — High- pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders Navires et technologie maritime — Eperons pneumatiques flottants & haute pression Reference number 180 17957:2002\E) © 180 2002180 17357:2002(E) POF disclaimer ‘This POF fla may contain embed typefaces In ceerdance with Adobe's leering poy this fle maya printed or viewed but shallot be edited unless te typefaces which are embeded are feansed o ang Inaalad 00 dhe compte parfoeming he eon n downlassing Ws fl, pares accept teain te resporsibity of nat nnging AdobesEeensing pokey. The (SO Coatal Secretarial aeceps No labillyW Ns area Adobe is a adeark of Adobe Systems Incorporate, Details fhe sofware products used to exon ths POF fie can ba ound inthe Genera info relative 10 he fe; the POF cretion parameters ‘wera optimized fr printing, Every care has bean Iakan to enue fat the fs Sulsbe fr use by [SO member bodes. Inte unikay vent Tota peoblm relating ts found, please form the Central Secetavit atthe adéross given below. © 180.2002 [A rghs roserved. Untoss oneraise speciec, no part ofthis pulleaton may be reproduced or lized In any form or by eny means, ‘Slecttonic oF mechanics. neluaina pratacopying ahd micros witout permission In wring fom ether ISO st tne adress Geaw oF 1S ‘omberbacy in he county othe requester 180 copyright ofca ‘Caso posiale 8 CH-1211 Genova 20 Ye 141227490 11 Fax +4122.749,00 47 smal cappighi@ito.ch Wieb wntianch Printed in Swtzoriand © 180 2002 Ai righisresorved180 17357:2002(E) Contents Page SCOPE ees Normative reference: Terms and definitions Classification (Ordering information Requirements Performance ee Performance confirmation of prototype fender test 9 Test and inspection for commercial fenders 10 Marking on 41 Documentation rane na Biooeessnree See ore 42. Inspection and evaluation by a qualified independent inspection service ... Annex, ‘A. Syntheticryre-cord layer... Bibliography. (©180 2002 — Ar ights resort c180 17357:2002(E) Foreword 180 (the Intemational Organization for Standardization) is @ worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of proparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tachriaal ‘committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a Jechnicai commitce has been established hes the right to be represented on shat commiltee, International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in faison with 150, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the |SOMIEC Directives, Part 3 Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attontion is drawn to the possibly that some of the oloments ofthis inlemational Standard may be the subject of patent rights ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard 1SO 17357 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC &, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 9, General requirements. ‘Annex A of this International Standard is for information only (© 180.2002~ Al ightsrerved180 17357:2002(E) introduction Throughout this International Standard, the minimum essential criteria are identified by the use of the key word “shall”. Recommended criteria are identified by the use of ite Key word “should”, and while not mandatory are ‘considered to be of primaty importance in providing servicoable, economical and practical connectors. Deviation {rom the raeommended criteria should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing and thorough service evaluation have shown alternative mothods to be satisfactory, (© 10 2002 — Alights reserved vINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17357:2002(E) Ships and marine technology — High-pressure floating pneumatic rubber fenders 1 Scope ‘This International Standard specifies the material, performance and dimensions af high-pressure floating pneumatic. rubber fenders, which ate intended to be used for the berihing and mooring of a ship to another ship or barthing structure. It also specifies the test and inspection procedures for high-pressure floating pneumalic rubber fenders. ‘This International Standard does not address any safety hazards associated withits use, It's the user's responsibilty to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before using this standard, ‘The documents in the Bibliography provide information on the usage of the fenders, 2. Normative references ‘The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference inthis text, constitute provisions of this Intemational Standard. For dated references, subsequent emondments to, of revisions af, any of these publications do not apply. Nowever, parties to agreements based on this Intesnational Standard aro encouraged to investigate the possibilty of applying the most recent ocitions of the normative documents indiceted below. For Uundaied references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of curren vai international Standards 1S0 34-1:1994, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic -~ Determination of tear strength — Part 1: Trouser, angle and ‘rescont test pisces 180 37:1994, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tensile stress-strain properties 150 188:1898, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests '$0 815:1991, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set at ambient, elevated or low temperatures |S0 1982:1996, Rubber — Vocabulary 1S0 1431-1:1989, Rubber, vuleanized or thermoplastic — Resistance to azone cracking — Part 1: Static strain test 180 7619:1997, Rubber — Determination of indentation hardness by means of pocket harshness meters 1SO 12236:1996, Geotextles and geotextile-releted products — Static puncture tost (CBR test) 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 1382 shall apply, together with the following. © 180 2002 ~ Alright rasan 1180 47357:2002(E) ad floating pneumatic rubber fender fender which is made of synthetic-cord-reinforoed rubber sheet with compressed air inside to enable It to Moat on the water and work as a shock absorber between two ships, or between ships and berthing structures when they come ‘alongside each other on the water NOTE. The fenders have sometimes been colloquially reterred to as "Yokoname fenders’ or "Yokohama type fenders". These are ‘example of sulable produnts avaiable commercially. This information is given for the onvanience of users ofthis International Standard and dees not constitute an endorsemant by ISO of these products 32 outer rubber rubber layer that covers the outside of the fender 10 pratact the cord layers and the inner liner rubber from abrasion and other external forces 33 inner rubber liner of a rubber membrane that seals the pressurized air inside the fender 34 synthetic-tyre-cord layer for reinforcement layor made of synthetic-lyre-cord fabric, which maintains the internal air pressure af the fender NOTE As themain fibres ofthe eynthatiosyre-tord fabric re not braided like synthetic canvas fabric or synthetic belt abso, there ‘are advantages for hs faligue-resistance periormance and prassure-nolding performance. See annex A 38 bead ring _steet ring which is placed at one end (or both ends} of the fender and holds the end of cord layers 36 flange opening ‘steel fiange, which is mounted on the fender, fo which an air valve or safety valve can be adapted 37 guaranteed eneray absorption fenergy that the fender can absorb without permanent deformation or failure 36 reaction force {orcs produced by a fender reacting to a compressive force NOTE Tho reactive force is equal o the force ofthe air pressure ofthe fender multipliad by the area ofthe fender in contact with the ship or berthing structure 39 initial internal pressure air pressure at which an uncompressed fender operates 340 endurable pressure inner pressure at which a fender bursts ant net-type fender fonder which is covered by a protection net consisting of either chain, wite or fbre and usually with tyres or rubber sleeves 2 © 180.2002 Aliighis reservedISO 17357:2002(E) 32 sling-type fender fender which is designed to be used without a protection ney 4 Classification 441. Fender types Fender types are defined as follows: @) Type !— net type; b) Type ll—sting type. 4.2 Initial internal pressure Inia internal pressures are defines as folows: 2) pneumatic 50 (inital internal pressure 50 kPa); 1) pneumatic 80 (inital infernal pressure 80 KPa) 5. Ordering information “The fender purchase order, contract crinquiry should state the folowing — The ISO standard number and applicable year, ie, ISO 17367:2002, Ifthe purchasers request other sizes, they shall satisfy the requirements of the Second paragraph of 6.3.2 — Fender size: nominal fender diameter and length: see Table 1 or Table 2, — Fender type: see 4.1 — Initial internal pressure: see 4.2. — Fender colour. if not specified, the cofour shall be black. — fa safety vate is required for fenders smaler than 2 500 mm in diameter, see 6.1.7, — fan identification system is required, see clause 10. — |finspectionievaluation by a major classification soriely is required, see clause 12. 6 Requirements 6.1 General fender requirements 6.4.1. Floating pnoumatic rubper fenders shall consist of a cylindrical air bag with hemispherical heads at both ends, ‘hich shall be filed with comprossed air. The basic body construction of this fender shail consist of an outer rubber, synthetic-tyre-cord layers, See annex A, for reinforcement and an inner rubber. All of these shall be vulcanized firtny. NOTE Alternative reinforcemem methods for Synthetictyre-cord layers may be considered I their strength and durabiity are dosigned and proven 19 b9 equal to, or superior ty, the synihetc-yre-cord layers after exhaustive tral. 6.1.2 The outer rubber shall protect the cord layers and inner rubber from abrasion and other external forces. This ruboer compound shall have sufficient tensile and tear resistance strength to withstand aniicipated weather conditions and severe usage. This rubber shal satisfy the values specified in Table 3. 6.1.3. The inner rubber layer shall seal the alr inside. This rubber shall satisfy the requirements specified in Table 3. © 180 2002 ~All ght eseried 3180 17357:2002(t) 6.1.4 The reinforcement synthetic-tyre-cord layers shall be sirong enough fo fold the internal pressure. In both ‘compressed and non-comprassed situations, the fender’s endurable pressure shall be as in Table 4 or Table 5. 6.1.5. The flange opening shall be at either end, or both ends, for convenience of sir charge and water filing, required, 6.1.6 The end of the reinfarcement-cord layers shall enter the bead ring and be turned up outside the bead ring, ‘which is built-in at the flange opening. For Type | (net type) fenders, the bead ring and turning up on construction may be excluded, 6.1.7. Fenders of diameter 2.500 mm and larger shall be equipped with a satety vaive for releasing excess internal pressure when the fenders are over-compressed accidentally. Fendors which are smaller than 2 500 mm in diameter, ‘can be equipped with a safety valve if required. 6.1.8 The fender shali be equipped with an air valve for inflation and checking air pressure, 6.2 Type requirements 6.24 Type | (not type) fenders shall be covered by a chain net, wire net or fibre net. Each end of ongitudinal chains, wires or fibres shall be linked together with one or two cing(s), which shall be connected with a guy-chain or guy-f0p8. Usualy, these nets will be fited wit used tyres oF rubber sleoves to provide additional protection to the fender body. 6.2.2. Type Il (sling type) fenders shall have a lifting device on each end, which shall be Connected with a guy-chain oF guy-rope. 6.3 Pressure requiremonts 6.3.1. Pnoumatic 50: the internal pressure, endurable pressure, safely-valve setting pressure and hydraulic test pressure shall be as specified in Table 4. 6.3.2 Pneumatic 80: the internal pressure, enduable pressure, safely-valve setting pressure and hydraulic test pressure shall be as specified in Table 5. ‘Sizes not listed in Tablos 4 and 5 shall satisfy al he requirements in this subciause, using the pressure requirements of the nextlarger-diameter size, (Examplo: 2 2200 mm diameter fender shail safisty the pressure requirements of @ 203 mm Glamater fender.) 7 Performance 7.4. Specification of performance ‘The performance of floating pneumatic rubber fenders shall be specified in terms of guaranteed energy absorption (GEA), reaction force at GEA deflection, and hull pressure at GEA deflection. 7.2 Performance curves The relationship between the deflection percentage, reaction force, inner pressure (which is equal t the full bressure) and eneray absorption is shown in Figure 7. The reaction force, the inner pressure end the energy ~absorplion ofthe fender increase as the deflection percentage increases. From the GEA valve, point Ais determined ‘on the energy absorption curve and the corresponding deflection percentage is read as the GEA deflecion. The reaction force and the hull pressure are then obtained at that deflection percentage value. 7.3 Fender performance 7.3.4 Pneumatic 60: the fenders shall camply with tha values specified in Table 1. 4 © 150 2002— Al rights reserved180 17357:2002(E) 7.3.2 Pneumatic 80: The fenders shat comply with the values specified in Table 2. 7.3.3 Guaranteed energy absorption (GEA) values shown in Table 1 or Table 2 shall be obtained at 60: 5% defiection. 7.3.4 The tolerance of reaction force at the GEA deflection shall be -t 10 %. 7.3.5 Fender performance can be calculated by the formula, which shall be established using the performance test described in 8.1 8 Performance confirmation of prototype fender test 81 General Each fender, involving different methods of basic construction andior design, shall require a prototype test. Fenders of lesser diameter thar a prototype confirmed fender, incorporating the same basic design, canstruction and fabrication methods out having fewer plies due to the smaller diameter, but satisfying all requirements of this International Standard, do not require a prototype test, 8.2 Performance test, parallel compression test 8.2.1 To determine the performanca of the fenders given in clause 7, a performance test shall be performed. Applying a compressive force perpendicularly to the fender, the fender shal be compressed until its eneray ‘absorption reaches the guaranteed energy absorption (GEA) value. Tho compression speed shall not exceed ‘80 mm/min, The reaction force and internal pressure shai! be recorded a least every 5 % percentage deflection, The percentage deflection, y, and the energy absorption, a, are calculated as follows. v~ s x 100 a where y isthe percentage deftection; Ze Is the compression length, in millimetres: D isthe original diameter, in millimetres (i. the fender diameter at intial pressure). @ R(x) 's the reaction ata given deflection; x Is the incremental deflection. The test shall be repeated twice with an interval of § min between the two tests. The energy absorption and the reaction force shall be obtained from the mean value of the two test records. {A fender meets the roquired GEA performance iit achieves 100 % of its GEA energy absorption without exceeding 65% deflection and 110 % of ts GEA reaction, 1 180 2002 ~ AX ngs rasarved 5180 17387:2002(E) 2) §| = 8) es] § é & . Enorgy absorption | &) 2] § == Reaction force i ul —-—— Inner pressure 5 E |_— Reaction force at GEA datlection Point A /— Guaranteed energy absorption (GEA) GEA deflection ° 0 2 30 40 so 60 70 a0 Deflaction percentage (4) Figure 1 — Standard performance curve 6 (© 180 2002 —Al ght served180 17357:2002(E) 8.2.2 The test shall be performad using an actual size fender or a miniature size tender larger than one-fith the size of the actual diameter (example: in the case of fenders 4.5 m in diameter, the performance shall be contirmed from the test resut of a fender 4,5 m in diameter or a fender larger than 0,9 m in diameter). 8.3 Angular compression test 8.3.1 An angular compression test shall be performad to determine the fender deformation property 8.3.2. tho fender is {00 large to be mounted on the testing machina, the fest may be performed on @ miniature-size fender. The reduction scale shall be such that it will ensure that the tests will be representative. NOTE Ithas been shown that 1/80 or lager scale sizes are acceptable if relative performances at parallel and several angular coniitions are to be compared atthe same fender. 6&4 Dural ity test 8.4.1 A durability test shall be performed to verify that the products aro sultable for use as fenders, and thal they have cufficient durability to withstand the berthing energy. 8.4.2 The test shall comprise at least 3.000 repetitive cycles of parallel compression from the original diameter to ‘the maximum deflection. After 3 000 repetitive cycles, there shall be so cracks and other harmful defects on any part of the fender. No reduction of the guaranteed energy absorption (GEA) shall be accepted, 8.4.3. Ifthe fender is too large fo ba mounted on the testing machine, tha test may be performed on a miniature-size fender. The reduction scafe shall be the same as that described in 8.3.2. 8.5 Compression-recovery test 8.5.1. Fenders are compressed and relsased repeatedly over a very short period of ime. Therefore, a compression- récovery test shall bo performed to confirm thatthe fenders have sufficient compression recoverability. 8.52 Aitor comprossion of the fender to the guaranteed energy-absorption deflection, the fender shal bo kept in this compressed state for 1 min, then the load shal be released instantaneously, The fender diameter shall recover more than 97 % of ts original diameter within § min after the load to the fender is released. 8.5.3. The test shall be performed using en actual-size fender or a miniature-size fender larger ther one-fifth the size of the actual diameter (example: in the case of fenders 4,5 m in diameter, the performance shall be confirmed from the tost result of a fender 4,5 m in diameter or a fender larger than 0,9 m is diameter), 8.6 Puncture-resistance test 8.6.1 Apuncture-resistance test shall be performed to confirm that the products have sufficient puncture- strength 8.6.2. The test shall be conducted in accordance with the siatic puncture test (CBR test} in ISO 12236. 8.6.3. The spacimen shall be made using the same materials, construction and production method, except for the umber of ply of the reinforcement cord layer which shall be the number applied for the smatlest size fender, i.e ‘normally two pes, 8.6.4. The force applied to break through the specimen shal be larger than 15 kN, 8.7 Recording condition Ambient temperature and compression velocity shail be recorded forall of the performance confirmation tests. (© 180 2002 ~All chs reserved 7ISO 17357:2002(E) 9 Test and inspection for commercial fenders 9.1 General ‘Acceptance testing and inspection for purchased feriders shall be based on the tests and inspections indicated in this clause, 9.2 Matorial test of rubber ‘The materia! fast of the outer rubber and the inner rubber shall be conducted in accordance with the specifications given in Table 3 and the results shall satisfy the requirements given in Table 3. Test items 2 to § in Table 3 shal te ‘conducted once a year, and once every lot for test item 1 9.3 Dimensional inspection The dimensions ofall the fenders shall be inspected at the intial internal pressure and the results shall be within the following tolerances: — length: +10 %, — 5% = diameter: + 10%, ~ 5% The diameter shall be obtained fram the average of at least two different measurements taken at the middle of the cylindrical section of the fender. ‘The air-ieakage test shall be conducted on all fenders at intial pressure for more than 30 min, and the test results Shall conficm that there is no air leakage. 9,5 Hydrostatic-pressure test The hydrostalic-pressure test shall be performed for 10 min at the hydrostatic pressure shown as "Test pressure at 0 % deflection” in Table 4 oF Table 5 and there shall be no leakage of water and no defects during the test Tho frequency af te test shall be one per 20 fenders of each size and pressure. If he customer so requests, one per order of each size and pressure ifthe quantity is less than 20. Circumferential and longitudinal iengths shall be measured at 10 kPa pressure and at the test pressure shown in ‘Table 4 or Table 6. The temporary ofongation shall be as follows. — Maximum circurnferential temporary elongation: 10 %, — Maximum longitudinal temporary elongation; 10 %. AL e= = x 100 3) i i3) where € isthe temporary elongation, expressed as a percentage: AL, isthe length increasad, in milimetres, at test pressure; Lis the length, in milimetres, at 10 kPa. 8 (© 180.2002 — Al ighls rvervedISO 17357:2002(E) ‘The increase in diameter and length shall be obtained by moasuring the distance of two points marked ciccumferentially and longitudinally, at 10 kPa pressure, on the middle of the fenders body. The stance between the two points shall be larger then one-fith ofthe fender’ diameter. 10 Marking Each fender shall have markings on the fender body to indicate the following information: — International Standard number, and applicable year, i.e. ISO 17387-2002; — size (diameter and tength); — Initia internal pressure: — date of manufacture or its abbreviation; — full or abbreviated aame of manufacture; — Individual serial number; — type of reinforcement layer. ‘The markings of the manufacturer, for internal pressure rating and size, shall be of a suitable size and finish to enable clear identification, The letter heights shail be 100 mm minimum for fenders whose diameters are 2500 mm and ‘arger. On request, the fenders shall be equipped with an identification system, which is to be buried in the fender's body. The identification system shall work such that it can identify the fender's serial number. Therefore, in the event that markings disappear, information can stil be relrioved from the sorial number. The identification system shall be designed io last trroughout the fender’ life. 41 Documentation The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with certification that fenders have been (ested and inspected 3s specified in this International Standard and that all the requifements have been met, together with a test and fsspection report as well as a material certificate for the synthetic tyre cord which is used for the ordared fenders. ‘The manufacturer shail provide a maintenance manual, in the format of a logbook, where details could be recorded of all maintenace and repairs carriod out on the fender, including safety valves, from now to date. All maintenance and repairs should be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines. The manufacturer shall also provide a handling/storagelpacking recommendation, “The manufacturer should provide specific technical information relating to serial number, age, intial pressure, safety- valves specification, ele. to the purchaserloperational user upon request; such a request to be accompanied where appropriate and possible by written permission from the original fender purchaser. 12. Inspection and evaluation by a qualified independent inspection service The purchaser may, at his option, request the inspection and evaluation to be carried out by @ major classification ‘society for the ordered fenders. The inspection and evaluation shall caver the following points. a) Confirmation from the material certificate that tyro cord is used for the ofdered fenders. If alternative reinforcement methods to the tyre cord are used, test certificates proving thal strength and durability are designed and proven to be equal or superior to the tyre cord after exhaustive trials, shall be evaluated and certifad by 2 major classification society as well as a material certificate used for the orderad fenders, 'b} Evaluation of material test results of the rubber which is used for the ordered fenders. ©) Evaluation of rasutts of dimensional inspection. ©1530 2002 Al ght reserved 91s0 17357:2002(E} 4) Evaluation of results of the ai-teakage test. €) Witness anc! confirmation ofthe hydrostatic-pressure tet. ) Witness and confirmation of marking. Table 1 ~ Proumatie 0 fender size and performance requirements Gonrantod anergy | Reaction ore ten | Wel ssie inal boorpon atocion nse at Nominal sie | tna inema ota tean | Miateest | oek 7 ’ nu a Tolerance Force valve worm 10% ow wea a wi wa 10 = a % 732 600 x 1000 50 8 He 4 126 700 x 1500 50, 7 He 137 138 1.000 x 7 500 50 32 482 122 Toi 52060 a 6 zr ‘32 1200 x 2.000. 50 63 207 - 126 13805 609 % vez a ‘30 | 1800 x 3000 50, 163 if 579 132 [1700 x 3.000 50, 18 ao 126 2.000 x 3500 50 308 875 128 2.500 x 4 000 50. 663 1381 a7 2500x5500 | 50, 343, 2019 148 300% 4 80 % Tis “Be iso 5300 650 % tere 3045 8 3.300 * 10600 50 3067 5257 158 4590 9.000 50, 4752 S747 146 450012000 | 50, 6473 7984 ct 154 7] 10 (© 160.2002 — Al ights reserve1S 17357:2002(€) Table 2— Pheumatic 80 fender size and performance requirements Hull pressure (internal a ee ee Se : : 7 1,000 x 1500 80 6 2339 160 1000 x 2 000 8 Gy L 335 iz) | 1350 x 2600 80, 142, 561 1 170 | 4500 x 3000 80, 2N4 761 174 | 2006 x 3500 BO 430 1150 168 [25800 x 4000 80 925, 185 180, 2.500 x 6 500 Gy Eu 2653 185 3300 x 4 500 80, 1640 2476 i ww ‘3.300 x € 500 80, 2532 3964 i 3300 x 10 600 0 4281 6907 28 4500 x 9 000 a) 6633 7551 mw («| 4.500 x 12 000 80, 9037 10490 72 © 180 2002 ~All ght eserves "10 17357:2002(€) Table 3 — Outer and inner rubber material requirements Tost item Test method ee Outer rubber | Innes rubber HT Botore ageing = = = fia_Tonsie sirength 180 37.804 18 MPa or more TOMPa or more [1.2 Elongation 180 37-1894 ‘400 % or more 400% or more @0= 10 (Diromoterharéress | 60:4 10 (Duromeler hardness 4.2 Harsnes 1 8 Isozero.asr | 60 (epee ae 2 Ate: ageing ‘ir avon ageing, 70°C = 43°C, | Ak oven ageing, 70°C £1 °C 180 128:1998 ng 1 ng. ‘Not Tess than 80 % ofthe original | Notas than 80 % of he orignal 24 Tensile strength 18037: mee eee Property property ‘Not ess then &0 % ofthe orginal | Not oss than 80 % of the ginal [22 Elongation 18097: 9 1904 propery property ara 'Notto exceed the origina properly [Not to axcead tho orginal propery je3 Hard eee eae by more than 8 by more than 8 3 Tear 150 34-71998 40 Nism or more ‘No raguroment [a Compression sat iso siss001 | W¥ GCE Ciorzaher ao f— 'No cracks after elongation by 20 % Is state ozone ageingtest | 180 1431-1:1009 | "and oxposure 1080 pphm * at No requirement 40°C for 96h NOTE_IFthe colour ofthe outer covers net back, he material reauTemonts wil fer fom those n this table si Pars zone pe hundred lion of wiry volo. ie Table 4— Pneumatic 50 fender pressure requirements ssserabe ‘itaral presen Minimum endurable proteure | Satoqrvawe”[ Tost prosaure oominalsze | aio | acon | atm | atadx | ermsure | at atection | dattection | dottction | defection | ‘setting’ | deflection im Pa ia ea kPa Pa a Box 1 35 ‘a 300 02 = 700 wo 1000 3 1 30 a Ta | 700 x 1506 cE 138 300, = 200 ‘00 x 1800 [99 1 300 = 200 7000 x 2006 2 a 0 = 300 7200 x 2000 | 59 rae 200 = 200 7350°% 250 3 180 20 = 20 500 3007 [50 132 200 feo 20 170% 3000 | 56 28 300 = 300 2.000 x 3.500 50 128 300 448 = {200 2500 x 4 005 =) ar 20 0 a5 250 ‘2500 5500 ei aa 350 518 ws 250 | 3.300 x 4.500. SO 130 | 350, 455, 175 250 | 3.300 x 6500 50 148 350 Eo 476 20 «| Tao0 x 70600] ea 7s 380 = 5 20 7500 x 8000 <6 i 0 a 7 20 tim x 2000 | 66 1 380 | ee we = 2 © 180.2002 ~ Al ighis reserve180 17357:2002(E) Table 5 — Pnoumatic 80 fender prossure requirements © [80 2002 ~All ghts sare deflection deflection deflection deflection sotting deftaction seep sp wots |e pep | 700 x 1500 80 177 480 620 BEE 250 tom 300-| a ef ere [W000 x2 000 80 174 480 a 250 {200% 2000 | 80 166 480 581 Bata 250 1350 x 2 500 80 170 480 505 Stet 250 1.500 x 3.000 80 4 480 609. eaaanGe 250 1700 x 3000 80 168 480 588 = ao | 2.000 x 3.500 30 168 460 588 BEEEEEEEE 250 2500 x 4 000 #o | 160 560 630 230 300, 2500 x 5 500 0 168, “560 eas 230 SEH 3.300 x 4 500 80 amt 560) 568 230, 300 («| 3300 x 6500 89 731 ‘560 co 230 300d 3.800 x 10600, a 208, ‘560 728 230 300 | 4500 x 9.000 80 192 560) 672, 230° 300° [4800 x 12000 Ey ‘202 560 707 230 ‘300 2ISO 17387:2002(5) Annex A (informative) Synthetic-tyre-cord layer AA General The terminology “synthetic-tyre-cord layor” used in this International Standard refers to tyre cord made of synthetic fibres. ‘Synthetic-tyre-cord layers, commonly used in tyres, have been proven ta provide strong efficiant reinforcement layers In fenders. Each single layer is coated with rubber compound on bath sides as well as in between synthetictyre-cord threads, hence isolating all cords from each other. ‘As contact between synthetic-tyre-cord threads does not occur, synthetic tyre cord has the advantage over other reinforcement materials such as canvas fabric of reducing friction and wear between cord threads during compression, bending and stretching, and also greatly Improves fatigue resistance, endurance life, and pressure- holding performance. Although canvas fabric such as "bett fabric” or “tyre-cord chafer is also used as reinforcement in the rubber industry and somotimes mistaken for synthetic tyre cord, it is completely different from synthetic tyre cord. The difference ‘between synthetic tyre cord and canvas fabric is illustrated in A.? and A.2, Tho synthetic-tyre-cord arrangement has ‘an obvious advantage over the canvas-fabric arrangement, as tis able to eliminate friction and wear points between welts and warps, ‘A2 Difference in arrangement of synthetic-tyre-cord and canvas-fabric reinforcement layers ‘The arrangement of synthotic-tyre-cord reinforcement layers is shown in Figure A.1 The arrangement of canvas-fabric reinforcement layers Is in shown in Figure A.2. 3 Example of difference in the physical property of synthetic tyre cord and canvas fabric ‘The synthetic-tyre-cord arrangement has strength in one direction only (warp) and tte canvas-fabric arrangement has strength in both directions (weft and warp). Tables A.1 and A.2 provide an example of the difference in physical properties between the two. Table A.1 — Synthetic tyre cord Item Unit Warp ‘Welt Density Enssincn | _24 2 Tensile songt Nin 20 002 Table A.2 — Canvas fabric tem Unit ‘Warp | Welt Densiy Enasfnch 16 Strength Ninn Spee Teas! 4 © 180 2009 — Al ghis rezonedkey 1 Warp 2 Wott Koy 1 Warp. 2 Wet 3 Fricton and wear point © 180 2002 ~ Al ight eserved 180 17357:2002(6) 1 2 Figure A.1 — Tyre cord Figure A.2— Canvas fabric 15ts0 17387:2002() Bibliography [1] ICSIOCIMF Guide, Ship to Ship Transfer Guide (Pevoloum), 3rd Edition, 1997 12} ICSIOCIMFISIGTTO Guide, Ship to Ship Transfer Guide (Liquefied Gases), 2nd Edition, 1995 16 18180 2002 Al ans exerved180 17357:2002(€) JCS 47,020.99; 83.140.99 rice based on 18 pages (© 180 2002 — Ab sight served