hikondi konsekonse lingaliro pa kuyandikana pakati pa anthu wofotokozedwa m'njira

zosiyanasiyana malinga osiyana mfundo ndi maganizo (zojambulajambula, sayansi,

filosofi, chipembedzo). Nthawi zonse, ndipo makamaka mu West, ndi
kutanthauziridwa monga chifukwa kumverera zokhudza chikondi ndi ubwenzi, ndi
sewerolo, komanso makhalidwe, maganizo ndi zokumana nazo. Mu nzeru za nkhani,
chikondi ndi khalidwe woimira anthu onse chikondi, kukoma mtima ndi chifundo kwa
anthu. Angagwiritsidwenso akufotokozedwa zochita ena ndi yochokera chifundo,
kapena ngati zochita anauza anthu ena (kapena wekha) ndi zochokera afecto.1

Mu Spanish, mawu chikondi (Latin chikondi, -oris) chimakwirira kwambiri osiyana

maganizo, kuchokera mokhudza chilakolako ndi ubwenzi wa chikondi kwa asexual
maganizo ubwenzi m'mabanja chikondi ndi Plato chikondi, 2 kupita kwambiri
kudzipereka kapena chikondi religioso.3 gulu Chakumapeto kumunda, sakhudzidwa
kumverera ndiyeno ankaona chiwonetsero cha mkhalidwe wa moyo kapena
maganizo, kuyenera zipembedzo zina ndi Mulungu yekha kapena mphamvu imene
wagwira thambo limodzi.

The tikapatsidwa chikondi kwambiri wamphamvu, nthawi zambiri kuyamba kukhala

yotamandika. Chikondi kosiyanasiyana amachita ngati zikuluzikulu wotsogolera wa
lotha mabwenzi ndipo, chifukwa chake chapakati maganizo kufunika, ndi mmodzi
wa ambiri mwa kulenga luso (film, mabuku, nyimbo) nkhani.

Kuchokera mfundo za sayansi, zimene tikudziwa monga chikondi limaoneka kukhala

kusanduka mkhalidwe wosazindikira kupulumuka nzeru zachibadwa kuti anali anthu
ogwirizana ndi zozizwitsa kwa kumuopseza ndi mutsogolo kupitiriza kwa mitundu
kudzera reproduccin.4

The zosiyanasiyana ntchito ndi matanthauzo ndi kuvuta maganizo okuta kupanga
chikondi izo kovuta kufotokoza mokhazikika, koma kwenikweni Chikondi
kutanthauziridwa mu njira ziwiri pansi pa athandize nzika zawo mimba, zochokera
chifundo ndi mgwirizano, ndipo pansi wina odzikonda, zochokera chodzikonda ndi
ndewu. Wodzikonda amaonera thupi ndi chuma dziko; okoma, ndi solo ndi mzimu
dziko. Onse zochokera sayansi yamakono, mawu a ubongo zomwe kusanduka
anapatsa anthu; lingaliro la moyo, kapena chinachake monga moyo, anaonekera
zapitazo mwina pakati ndi masauzande years.5

Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti anthu, magulu kapena makampani anthu yodzibisa
awo wodzikonda khalidwe la woganizira; Ndi chimene chikudziwika ngati chinyengo,
ndipo anapeza zitsanzo zambiri za khalidwe malonda. Tikawonetsetsa izo
zingachitike kuti wodzikonda chilengedwe, athandize nzika zawo kuchita kudzikonda
ananamizira ngati Oskar Schindler anapereka chitsanzo chabwino.

Kuyambira kale iwo chake, ngakhale mu chikhalidwe popanda kudziwika

kukhudzana pakati pawo, malingaliro, ndi michira, monga zofunikira duality wa
munthu: chosalimba ndi wamphongo, zabwino ndi zoipa, ndipo yin yang,
Anaximander Apeiron.

Zamkatimu [chikopa]
1 njira ziwiri za kumvetsa chikondi
1.1 Scientific njira kudzikonda ndiponso woganizira
1.2 athandize nzika zawo Concepcin
1.2.1 The chifundo kwa sayansi amazionera
1.3 wodzikonda Concepcin
1.3.1 Chikondi capitalist anthu
2 kusonyeza chikondi
3 Zizindikiro
Cupid 3.1
Mtima 3.2
4 Zikhulupiriro
5 malingaliro pa Chikondi
5.1 wotchuka Outlook
Lachinsinsi ndi esoteric Ananena 5.2
5.3 mwauzimu
5.3.1 Chiyuda
5.3.2 Christianity
5.3.3 The Arab Islam ndi ena zikhulupiriro
5.3.3.1 wachisanu bwalo: chikondi cha sanali Muslim
5.3.4 Chibuda
5.3.5 Chihindu
5.3.6 ubwenzi ndi chilakolako kum'mawa kwa zipembedzo
5.3.7 The chipembedzo ndi vuto lawolo chikondi
5.3.7.1 Christianity, Chiyuda ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha
5.3.7.2 Islam ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha

5.4 nthanthi Ananena

5.5 Scientific Ananena
5.5.1 Tizilombo mbali
5.5.1.1 tripartite chitsanzo cha chikondi
5.5.2 Human mbali
5.5.3 Psychological mbali
6 osiyana mbiri ndi chikhalidwe
6.1 Persian Culture
6.2 snicas Chinese chikhalidwe ndi Zikhalidwe zina
6.2.1 Qi XI: ndi "Valentine" Chinese
Japanese 6.3
6.4 Greek Culture
6.4.1 Mwachidule nthano chikondi: bodza lakuti androgyne
6.5 Arab Culture
Turkey Culture 6.6 (shamanic ndi Chisilamu)
6.7 Ancient Rome (Latin)
6.8 achingelezi Culture
7 Onaninso
8 Mfundo ndi maumboni
9 Zokhudzana lina
10 Zowonekera kunja limasonyeza
Njira ziwiri za kumvetsa chikondi
Anthu angathe kwenikweni mitundu iwiri ya makhalidwe: imodzi ndife athandize
nzika zawo ndi othandiza, ndi pansi pa ena odzikonda ndi mpikisano. Pali anthu
kwathunthu polarized kwa mmodzi wa awiriwo maganizo mwaufulu; Mwachitsanzo,
Abuda Amonke mokwanira itatembenuzidwira okoma, objectivism ndi madokotala,
mtima wodzikonda. Ndipo pali anthu amene kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri za wokhalapo,
zinthu, nthawi zina, altruistically ndi Wothandiza, nthawi zina modzikonda,
mpikisano, ndi zina kotero mwina athandize nzika zawo ndi mpikisano. M'madera
ena a m'dziko lolamuliridwa ndi woganizira (Tibet), kotero kuti kudzikonda ambiri
kuoneka ngati oipa. Ndipo pali anthu magulu kumene sakhalapo. Nkhondo zonse
m'mbiri anabadwa kudzikonda pa mbali imodzi ya mbali ziwiri; onse mkangano wa
anthu zinthu anabwera kudzikonda.

Scientific njira kudzikonda ndiponso woganizira

Chosavuta chifaniziro cha chiphunzitso cha Dawkins za "kudzikonda" wa chibadwa

zambiri. Onse chibadwa, monga kupulumuka mayunitsi, ali okha "odzikonda",
kupikisana ndi mnzake, komanso ndi anthu ena. Kamodzi pamlingo winawake gulu
akwaniritsa pa mchitidwe wa chisinthiko a mitundu, chibadwa zambiri kutulutsa
wodzikonda fenotayipi pamapeto pake kukhala amadzipweteka yekha pa mlingo wa
anthu gulu, pamene wobala ndi athandize nzika zawo fenotayipi (athandize nzika
zawo kudzikonda pa jini ) atsogolere kupulumuka zinthu ngati zimenezi. Chibadwa
zinthu mosaganizira bwino, ndipo pansi pa "masoka kutolatola kuti" n'kogwiritsa
kutulutsa ukulu wa "athandize nzika zawo jini kudzikonda." Nzeru kubereka nayenso
kugawira chibadwa zambiri pakati onse population.6
Richard Dawkins amatanthauzira onse maganizo ndi mawu wodzilamulira kuteteza
munthu (wodzikonda) ndi mitundu (woganizira). Iye anafotokoza kuti pansi pa
chiphunzitso azikondedwa ndi ena akatswiri tinalandira chibadwa udindo ndi mtima
akalambula mitundu, ndi kuti wathuwu utayandikira, zamoyo zinachititsa mwina
kulamulidwa ndi limagwirira amatchedwa "gulu kusankha"; pansi pa limagwirira,
magulu a anthu imene anthu anali ofunitsitsa kupereka moyo wawo ena m'pamene
angaone kuti apulumuke kuposa lopangidwa ndi odzikonda anthu; zimenezi
kungachititse dziko peopled ndi athandize nzika zawo anthu inatha. Ndi
chiphunzitso, kuti pokhala munthu mfundo chifukwa chakuti woganizira paliponse
lerolino m'dzikoli, kwaiye zambiri mikangano mu dziko la sayansi ndi mwachindunji
chiphunzitso cha chiphunzitso cha Darwin; Choncho, wolemba lenileni pofotokoza
moyo wa okoma mu Darwin chimango cha munthu wodzikonda kuti unit
kupulumuka si munthu koma jini; yomwe mfundo imeneyi, anthu ndi magulu a
anthu ali ndi "kupulumuka makina" "analenga" ndi chibadwa paokha beneficio.6

Mulimonsemo, ananena Dawkins, chifukwa chakuti anthu oyamba kukhala zomveka

mitundu, tilinso woyamba mitundu m'mbiri ya chisinthiko kusankha pakati pa
mitundu iwiri ya khalidwe mwaufulu, motero kuchita zimenezo "palokha" kuti zathu
mapulogalamu gentica.6

Zamoyo zikuoneka kulankhula ndi Timamba mzake ndi pang'onopang'ono

woyengedwa zako. Pa nthawi yomweyo msinkhu, izo ntchito kupyolera losavuta,
yaikulu ndi zopanda nzeru ndondomeko kuyeserera kangapo; bwino ena boma la
gulu atsogolere ake kupitiriza. Komabe, pamene gulu kusiyana kwambiri kuoneka
zokha njira kuneneratu njira, kusankha njira yozungulira kuti kwa kanthawi kochepa,
mwina amaoneka cholakwa, koma kuti adzasonkhanitsidwa pamodzi, limasonyeza
bwino ; amenewa "makhalidwe" akhala kuona pafupifupi zitsanzo zinachita kusintha
analinganiza mu kompyuta; aukali ndi odzikonda khalidwe ndi chinthu choyamba
mlingo superorganization umene munthu "amamvetsa" kuti apulumuke ayenera
"kuukira" awo Otsutsa asanapite mwachindunji mphoto ndi athandize nzika zawo
kuchita yachiwiri mlingo limachitika pa nthawi imene anthu luso kulankhula ndi
mzake; mu kompyuta zitsanzo zinaonetsa kwathunthu mowiriza chitukuko cha
osakaniza onse asilikali kuti munthu amalankhulira ndi ena ambiri ndi "lili" phindu

kwa gulu lonselo. Kudzikonda Choncho zikuoneka pa kaonedwe ka gulu monga

mwatsatanetsatane khalidwe ndiponso woganizira monga njira khalidwe.

Intelligence unakhazikitsidwa monga zina mlingo wa superorganization kuti amalola

kusanthula wonse vuto ndi kuneneratu njira yabwino kupita m'malo thupi
makamaka kungoyesera, njira zofanana processing ndi 'pafupifupi', komanso nkhani
kuti kusanduka, chimene chikuchitika kwathunthu mu ubongo wa anthu ndi
kuwapereka mu mofanana "pafupifupi" lotsatira mibadwo maphunziro. Malinga ndi
chiphunzitso cha sayansi singularity molumikizana ndi mfundo Transhumanism, ndi
kuti posachedwapa tidzatha kuti pulogalamu amenewa "yokumba" zathu
chisinthikowo yopindulitsa kwambiri kwa onse 7 koma Komabe, pali otsutsa za 8
September 10

Athandize nzika zawo lingaliro

Thandizo ntchito mankhwala mwana Leogane (Haiti) pambuyo pa chivomezi.

Woganizira angalimvetse wangwiro okoma, kumene ubwenzi kapena chilakolako,
monga mmene zinalili Chibuda, kapena monga "athandize nzika zawo egoism",
monga pa nkhani ya Christianity, amene amagwira ku chapamwamba ndi
chilakolako cha chipulumutso. Zochita pali ubwenzi ndi chilakolako onse
zipembedzo, ndi Chibuda pali chisanadze kuunikira otsiriza sitepe ya renunciation
onse anakwaniritsa pachabe, ndi cholinga kuwononga cholinga kwathunthu. Pakuti
otchedwa "oyera woganizira", palibe kuthekera kwa kukambirana; ubale osati
mpikisano koma migwirizano, amatenga moyo wa ena popanda kuyembekezera
chirichonse kenakake, ndi ena amafuna moyo wa wina.

Chibuda waima ubwenzi ndi chilakolako ndi maganizo tizilonda mkwiyo ndipo
pamapeto pake mavuto. Kuphatikana, chilakolako, mkwiyo, mantha ndi umbuli
(mwachitsanzo, kusadziwa mavuto a ena) zimathandiza kuti kulimbitsa cholinga. Mu
Abuda nzeru, ndi chikondi chenicheni ndi chifundo, ndi chikondi ndi cholinga ndi
incompatibles.11 Recent sayansi kwasonyeza kuti kusinkhasinkha umabala zambiri
mu ubongo m'madera zokhudzana zabwino mtima ndi kuchepa ntchito m'madera
zokhudzana ndi mkwiyo depression.12 13

The "athandize nzika zawo egoism" ndi nzeru za maubwenzi a anthu analalikira Yesu
Khristu ("kukonda Mulungu koposa ndi mnzako mmene umadzikondera wekha").

Okoma mmene kumvetsa chikondi Leibniz, amene amakhulupirira kuti ngati mulidi
kumvetsa ndi funa chikondi, inu nthawi zonse nayo chimwemwe othe