GF M2 1112 Predavanja PDF

MATEMATIKA 2
2011./2012.
)')*'
#-;)9 )=79 );-5);1+3) )6)41?) 4-5-6;

')/9-*

-9=)9
1 ),912-=1C+ );-5);13) -:*
$841;

)#)!
$ <9-8) );-5);1+3) )6)41?) %-061+3)

3621/) ')/9-*
*$! +- +' "

-()'*! $)'"
0;;84)=1+).-:*095);
!)%'(! $",
0;;84)=1+).-:*095);
0;;8>>>85.:;09?)=7,15);-5);13):+918;)

=1:)(5);-5);13)8,.

$
'$ "$ $
# -51,7=1+ '),)+1 1 912-A-61 89152-91 1? =1A5);-5);13- : 89152-675 6) ;-061+3- 6)<3-

%-061+3) 3621/) ')/9-*
6;<6)+
)2+-6 797?)6 -=1,D

@374:3)
3621/) ')/9-*
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
%%'$)$ (*()+ * '+$$ &'%()%'*

+$$(! !%%'$)$ (*()+
'),)57 41 < 9)=6161 89)=73<;61 )9;-?12-=

3779,16);61 :<:;)= ! ( )

( )

( )
#74)961 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

!-3) 2- $ 89)=)+ 1 6-3) 2- 6) 62-5< ?),)6

3779,16);61 :<:;)= (
!-3) 2- ;7+3)

52-9157 < 87?1;1=675 :52-9<
!-3) 2- <,)42-67:; 7, ,7

MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
%7+3< 6)?1=)57 1:07,1A;-5 141 87475

) ?9)3< 7,9-,-6<
:1
874)9675 7:1 87
B
4)967/) 3779,16);67/ :<:;)=) 87, 7?6)375

,
'),)57 41 < 9)=6161 1 89)=73<;61 3779,16);61

:<:;)= ! ( ) ;)37 ,) :- 87?1;1=6)

(
7: 87,<,)9) : 874)9675 7:1
y
y
T=(,)

( ) *
( ) *
1416,91+61 3779,16);61 :<:;)=
!-3) 2- % 89)=)+ 3721 8974)?1 ;7+375 73751; 6)

9)=616< 1 6-3) 2- 6) % ,)6 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

" * % 89)=)+
*
7:
x
x
'),)57 41 < 897:;79< 89)=73<;61 )9;-?12-=

3779,16);61 :<:;)= ! +" ( ) *
!-3) 2- 9)=616) 1 6-3) 2- 6) 6272 ?),)6

874)961 :<:;)=
'%()%'$ !%%'$)$ (*()+
76,) 2- =-?) 1?5-,<

B )9;-?12-=10 ( ) 1 874)9610
3779,16);) *147 372- ;7+3-

)

(
(

)
( )
)
#91 7,9-,1=)62<
1? ;9-*) =7,1;1 9)+<6) 7
B
(
89-,?6)3< ( )
%15- 2- < 897:;79< ,-619)6 +1416,91+61 3779,16);61

:<:;)= *

*
*
/,2- :< 1 874)96- 3779,16);- < :<:;)=<
MATEMATIKA 2
73751;- 8972-3+12- ;7+3- 6) 9)=616<

) * 2- 3779,16);) < :<:;)=< * 73751;8972-3+12- ;7+3- 6) 89)=)+ %
z
z T''
x
x
779,16);6- 9)=616 & )9;-?12-=75 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< ( ) *

:- ;7+3) ( ) * ,7*1=) 3)7 89-:2-3
3779,16);610 9)=616) ( ( ) ) 1 * *
& +1416,91+675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< *
;7+3) * ,7*1=) :- 3)7 89-:2-3
3779,16);610 9)=16)
T=(,,z)
O
MATEMATIKA 2
T'=(,)
874<9)=616) 7,9-,-6)
:) *
7:1 1 ;7+375
B

, &'+%!*)$ "$'$
!%%'$)

(
*
)

( ) *

**
;7 2- +1416,)9 ;2 :=- ;7+3- < 897:;79< ?)

372- 2- <,)42-67:; 7, *
7:1 2-,6)3)
* * 9)=616)

()

*
( ) *
' ()

**
z0=z0
ravnina
z0 T''
0
T 0 =(0 ,0 ,z0)
z
=0
cilindar
y
x
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
0
T 0'
= 0
poluravnina
'$ !%%'$)$ (*()+
z
z T''
!-3) 2- 9)=616) 1 6-3) 2- 6) 6272 ?),)6

874)961 :<:;)=
T=(,,r)
O
i
1
!-3) 2- % 89)=)+ 3721 8974)?1 ;7+375 73751; 6)

9)=616< 1 6-3) 2- 6) % ,)6 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

" *
!-3) 2- 73751;) 8972-3+12< 6) 9)=616< ;7+3
!-3) 2-
&
x
T'=(,)
37 2- 6) 87?1;1=672 ?9)+1 *

7:1 76,) :<
272 :.-96- 3779,16);- & ) 6) 6-/);1=672
& :07,1A;< :- 891,12-42<2< :.-96- 3779,1
6);-
779,16);6- 9)=616-

3<; 1?5-,<
B 9),12<:
=-3;79) 1 "

3<; 1?5-,<
1 9),12<:
=-3;79)
B
& :.-9675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< &

;7+3) & ,7*1=) :- 3)7 89-:2-3 3779,1
6);610 9)=16)
%15- 2- < 897:;79< ,-619)6 :.-961 3779,16);61

:<:;)= &
874<9)=616) 7,9-,-6)
:) *
7:1 1 ;7+375
B

:;7)+ : =9075 < 1:07,1A;<

&
& &
:.-9) :) :9-,1A;-5 < 1:07,1A;< 1
9),12<:) &
&

MATEMATIKA 2
T0
=0
sto ac

&
y
r = r0
sfera
)
;9-*) =7,1;1
(
9)+<6) 7 89-,?6)3< ;10 3779,16);)

'# ' %7+3)
?),)6) < 89)
=73<;675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< 15) < :.-9675

3779,16);675 :<:;)=< 8913)?

2-9 2
)

(

*

( ) *

& ( ) *

#91 7,9-,1=)62<
3<;) 1?
B
, &'+%!*)$ ('$ !%%'$)
'),)57 41 < 897:;79< 89)=73<;61 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

( ) * 1 :.-961 :<:;)= & ;)37 ,) :87?1;1=6) (
7: 87,<,)9) : 874)9675 7:1 ;- ,) 15
:- 87,<,)9)2< *
7:1 57-57 7,9-,1;1 =-?- 1?5-,<
B
89)=73<;610 ( ) * 1 :.-9610 & 3779,16);) *147
372- ;7+3-

( &
&
) &
( ) *

* &
MATEMATIKA 2
10

)

(
*
( ) *

) *

(

& () *
= 0
poluravnina
MATEMATIKA 2
11
MATEMATIKA 2
12
! &"%
z
n0
+$$ * &'%()%'*
T1
#767=1;1
:)51
r1
+# +& +&
"% '*% '

!-3) 2- < 897:;79< ?),)6 89)=73<;61 3779,16);61
:<:;)= ( ) * #7, &"%%# '*% ' 141
!+'!%# 87,9)?<512-=)57 :3<8 :=10 ;7+)3)
( ) * < 897:;79< + 12- 3779,16);- ?),7=742)=)2<
2-,6),*< ,9</7/) :;<862)
2-,6),*) 9)=616- 2-,675 ;7+375

( ) *
( ( ) ) * *
() * () (* )*
78C+1 7*413 2-,6),*- 9)=616-
( ) *
( ) *
: 9-)4615 37-+12-6;15)
1
87, <=2-;75 ,) 2- *)9-5 2-,)6 7,

141 9)?41+1; 7, 6<4- #7:-*67 +C - 6): ?)615);1 :)57
6-3- 3=),913-
#
&
/,2- 2-
#
6795)4) ;- 9)=616- )
( ) * 1 ( ) * ;2
& ( ) * 1

& ( ) *
MATEMATIKA 2
13
-,6),*)
( ( ) ) * *
89-,:;)=42) !*"$* &"%* 141 ('* :) ('-)#
( ) * 1 &%"*# '%# 141 ' *(%#
!-89)?61 89-:2-3 7=- 8470- 9)=61675 8)9)4-4675
: 3779,16);675 9)=61675 2-:; 141 39<61+) 141 ;7+3)
A;7 87=4)+1 ,) :- 39<61+) < 897:;79< 57- ?),);1
1 3)7 89-:2-3 :.-9- 1 9)=616-
MATEMATIKA 2
14
!-89)?61 -418:71,7=1 89-:2-+1 9)=616)5) <:879-,
615 : 3779,16);615 7:15) 2-:< 141 39<61+- 141

-418:- 141 ;7+3- #91512-;157 ,) < :4<+)2<
-418:71, 87:;)2- :.-975
!),)42- 2-,6),*)
( ) *

&'%"% $4
781:<2- $%!'"$ "&)$
)
!2-/7=1 6-89)?61 89-:2-+1 9)=616)5) <:879-,615)
:) *
7:1 2-:< 141 018-9*74- 141 ;7+3- ,73 :< 5<
89-:2-+1 9)=616)5) <:879-,615 : ()
9)=61675
-418:-
:-/5-6;61 7*413 2-,6),*- 9)=616-

( ) *

2-,6),*) 9)=616- 397? ;91 ;7+3

( ( ) ) * *

( ( ) ) * *

( ( ) ) * *
141 =-3;79:31
T
r
=-3;79:3) 2-,6),*- 9)=616-
1341+315 ?)52-6)5)

( ) ) * * ( 1
') ,)6- 9-)46- 6- 6<4
376:;)6;- 1 2-,6),*)

) )
* *
( (

* ( )

7,9-,<28470< 372< 6)?1=)57 "&(%%# !2-
B
/7=- :< 7:1 <:879-,6- : 3779,16);615 7:15) )
,<4216- :< 15 9-,75 1
MATEMATIKA 2
,7*1=)57 2-,6),*< 1:;- 8470- < ,9</75

8747)2< )
7: 2- 87=4)A;-6)
) 27A 2-,675 ;)3=75 ?)52-675 ,7*1=)57 2-,
15
MATEMATIKA 2
16
6),*< 87=4)A;-6) 2- (
7:

1341+31 1?512-62<2<C+1 3779,16);- =)912)*4- ( ) *

3)7 1 8918),6- 376:;)6;- ,7*1=)57 2-,
6),*- 1:;- 8470- < 9)?41+1;15 8747)215)
*
(
)

z
z
* ( )
) * (

z
z
y
(b)
(a)

y
(b)
(a)
-,6),*)

( ) *

-,6),*)
( )
*

&'%"% $4 *

781:<2- +%!'"$ "&)$
!2-/7= 6-89)?61 89-:2-3 9)=61675 <:879-,675
:) *
7:1 2-:; 018-9*74) ,73 5< 2- 6-89)?61 89-:2-3
9)=61675 <:879-,675 : ()
9)=61675 141 -418:) 141
;7+3)

781:<2- 8470< 372< 6)?1=)57 "&)$#
&'%"%%#
$4 ) )3;79 < 57675< * 612- *1;)6 )41 2;-061+31 )4/-*)9:31 87/7,)6
)9)3;-91:;1+61 89-:2-+1 7=- 8470- 89134),615 9)=6
16)5) 372- :< 8)9)4-46- 3779,16);615 9)=616)5)

2-:< -418:- 141 8)9)*74-
",/7=)9)2<C+15 +1341+315 1?52-6)5) ,7*1=)57 27A
MATEMATIKA 2
17
MATEMATIKA 2
18
!),)42- 2-,6),*-
,=12- 2-,6),*- 1:;- 8470- < 9)?41+1;15 8747)
215)
( )

-,6),*)
( *

) (

*

&'%"% $4 *
7,9-,<2&'%"$
B
6)47/61 375-6;)91 7 +1341+315 ?)52-6)5) =912-,1 ?) 7=- 8470-
-,6),*)
( ) *

* )

1 &'%"$

781:<2< 9-,75 "&)$
&'%"$

+" ()
141 "$'$
&"% $4 )3)37 ,)
:< 1 < 7=15 2-,6),*)5) 57/<C+- 8912- :875162)6+1341+3- 1?52-6- "=- =)42+):;- 8470- :< :)57 =947
87:-*61 89152-91 78C+- =)42+):;- 8470-
781:<2- ()%()* 141 !%$*($* &"%* $4 "8-;

:< 57/<C+- 27A ,=12- +1341+3- =)912)6;-
z

x
y

MATEMATIKA 2
19
MATEMATIKA 2
20
$ !-3) 2- < 9)=6161 ,)6) 391=<42)

;- 6-3) 2- $ 89)=)+ 3721 897*),) #975);9)257
:3<8 :=10 89)=)+) < 897:;79< 3721 :12-3< 391=<42< 1
<:879-,61 :< : 89)=+-5 $ %9-;19)2<C+1 :=)31 89)=)+
;7+37=615 :3<875 8918),6< ;7+37=6< <612< 6)?1

=)57 +" ()%#
141 +1416,91+675 &"%%# #91;75
/7=79157 ,) 2- 89)=)+ $ ,+%$ 141 /-6-9);91:)
) 391=42) '+$" " '!)'( ;- =)42+):;- 8470-
#9152-91+- -418;1+672 =)42+):;72 84701
( )

!)875-6157 1 ;7 ,) :- 897:;796) 391=<42) + -:;7

?),)2< 89-:2-375 ,=12< 8470)
'# ' $31+19);1 ;12-47 75-,-67
8470)5)
B
* ( ) *

( )
,17 < +12-47:;1 :),9)6 < /7962-5 874<897:;79< 1

781:);1 /) < 89)=73<;675 1 +1416,91+675 3779,16);675
:<:;)=<
%12-47 7,9-,-67
B 2- 8470)5) * ( )
8)9)*7471, 1 * ( ) :;7):;) 8470)
2-,6) 1?=7,61+) 2-:; *

7: ) 9)=6)41+) 272 2- -418:)
( )
*

z=2-x2 -y2
#91512-;157 ,) 2- :=)3) 9)=616) ;91=12)46) =)42+):;)

8470) ?) 391=<42< ;9-*) <?-;1 7,/7=)9)2<C+1 89)=)+
"
z= x 2+y2
y
x
",9-,157 8972-3+12< () ;12-4) 6) ()

9)=616<
MATEMATIKA 2
21
",9-,157 8972-3+12< 391=<42- 372) :- 6)4)?1 < 89-:
2-3< 8975);9)610 8470) 41516)+1275

1?9)?) ( )

1? * ( ) 1 * ( ) ,7*1=)57
* * * *
MATEMATIKA 2
&374137 ;7+3) ( ) * 8918),) ;12-4< ;),)

62-6) 8972-3+12) ( ) 6) ()
9)=616< 579)
+1 ,) ?) 62-?16-3779,1
8918),);1 39</< ) ;7 ?6)

6);- =912-,1 ( 1 ( ) (
76)+67
?) *
3779,16);< ;7+3- ( ) *
=912-,1 ( ) * ;7+3) 4-1 1?6), :;7):;8470- 1 * ( ) ;7+3) 4-1 1:87, 84708)9)*7471,) )34-

( ) * ( ( ) (
)34- 579) *1;1 * 8) 2- ( ) 9</15

912-+15) 89-:2-+6) 391=<42) 2- 39<61+)
( ) *

( ) * ( )
1 8972-3+12) 89-:2-+6- 391=<42- 6) ()

9)=616< 239<61+) ( )
%9)-6) 8972-3+12) () 2- 39</

& +1416,91+675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< 3779,16);8972-3+12- & ;7+3- & *
579) 4-);1 < 39</< ,)34- ?) 62-?16- 3779,16);=912-,1 &=2-; ?) *
379,16);<

( ) * ( ) 89-4)?1 < *
)34-

* *
( ) ( )
MATEMATIKA 2
22
23
MATEMATIKA 2
24
7
3-*,"
'5/,$*+&

(" )+ )%
" &," +&
5/,$*+5
/&7"6*3/& 6"2*+"#-&
7"6*3/" 62*+"#-"

5/,$*+5 0#*$/0 7"%"+&.0 5 &,31-*$*4/0. 0#-*,5
/"7*6".0 2&"-/0. '5/,$*+0. 0% 2&"-/*) 6"2*+"#-"

5%5;$* %" 5 40. 3-5$"+5 /*+& /"7/"$&/" %0.&/"

10%2"75.*+&6".0 %" +& %0.&/" .",3*."-"/ 10%
3,51 0% 7" ,0+* 12"6*-0 *." 3.*3-"
6",0+ 52&%&/0+
402$*
:
12"6*-0. 12*%25&/ +& +&%"/ * 3".0 +&%"/ 2&"-"/
#20+
,51

"0 * '5/,$*+5 +&%/& 6"2*+"#-& '5/,$*+5 6*9& 6"2*

+"#-" 3,"-"2/5 '5/,$*+5 .0&.0 7"%"4* " '

' "#
%
$%!'%& !$ '"#
/"7*6".0 (2"' '5/,$*+& 2"' 5

12034025 12&%34"6-+" /&,5 1-0)5
",-&
,0 +& '5/,$*+5
%!% !"1*3 %&/*2" '5/,$*+5

12* $ &.5 +& %&/*$*+3,0 10%25$+& 0%2&%&/0

/&+&%
:
/"%#0.
4+

/"7*6".0 '5/,$*+0. %6*+5 6"2*+"#-*

MATEMATIKA 2
25
MATEMATIKA 2
26
/& .0&.0 /"$24"4*

y
%!% 2"6*-0 %&/*2"

'5/,$*+5
2
x
0

&," +& 5/,$*+5
12* $ &.5 +& %&/*$*+3,0 10%25$+& 0%2&%&/0

/&+&%
:
/"%#"." ",-&

/"7*6".0 '5/,$*+0. 42*+5 6"2*+"#-*

2"' '5/,$*+& .0(5;$& +& /"$24"4* %+&-0.*$/0
3".0 7"
3-*,"

'5/,$*+&
3-5$"+5 $24"/+&. *34*$&.0 3".0 /&,& /+&
(06& 6"/& 10%3,5106& 0 35 /"+$&9;$& 12&3+&$*

0%"#2"/*. 2"6/*/"." 5 12034025 ,0 35 4&
2"6/*/& 53102&%/& 3 2"6/*/0. ,002%*/"4
/0.
2"6/*/0. %0#*6&/& 12&3+&,& /"7*6".0
%*"&! *-* ")# %)( ! '5/,$*+& *-* (2"'"
0 40.5 36",* #20+ 0%2&%5+&
+&%/5
:
2"7*/3,5 ,2*65-+5 +&%/"%#0.
/&7"6*3/& 6"2*+"#-&
7"6*3/" 62*+"#-"
&,31-*$*4/* 0#-*, %0.&/"
.",3*."-"/ 10%3,51 0% 7" ,0+* 12"6*-0 *."

3.*3-"
(2"' '5/,$*+& +&

MATEMATIKA 2
27
MATEMATIKA 2
28
z= x2+y 2
z
z 0=f(x,y)
z=z0
z=1
x
x 2+y2=1, z=1
z=f(x,y)
y
y
x
-*$/0 3& 5 3-5$"+5 %",-&

(0602* 0 %*"&! $ #! *-* ")#
$ #! '5/,$*+& 2*40. 36"," +&%/"%#"
",-& /" 36",0+ 2"7*/3,0+ ,2*65-+* 35 '5/,$*+3,&

62*+&%/034* /&120.*+&/+*6&
%!% 5/,$*+3,* (2"' 7" '5/,$*+5

$24".0 *34*$5;$* /+&(06& 12&3+&,& 3 ,002%*/"4/*. 2"6/
*/"." *-* 2"6/*/"." 53102&%/*. 3 /+*."
2"6/*/0. 40 35 72",&

0%2&%5+&
40$/0 +&%/5 12*1"%/5 2"7*/3,5 1-0)5 /"
:
,0+0+ 35 36& '5/,$*+3,& 62*+&%/034* +&%/",&
%!% "7*/3,& 1-0)& 7" '5/,$*+5

2"6/*/0. 40 35 72",&

2"6/*/0. 40 +& 2"7*/3," ,2*65-+" ,25/*$"

35 1"2"#0-0*%* #&7 4+&.&/"

2*.*+&4*.0 %" +& 340"34" 1-0)"
MATEMATIKA 2
29
6& 10+.06& * 462%/+& %"+&.0 5 %*.&/7*+*

57 /"10.&/5 %" *3,"7"/0 62*+&%* * 7" 3-5$"+
%",",0 * 7"

"
!" #*-0 ,0+5 40$,5 * #*-0 ,0+*
#20+
3,51

%""
)%"#&' "$%"#&'
"+12*+& 42&#" %&/*2"4* 940 5 7/"$* ' *(
4+ 940 $; & #*4* ! ## " 10 60-+* 0%"#2"/& 40$,&
03-5*4 $; &.0 3& 34"/%"2%/0. 5%"-+&/09;$5
.&%5
: 40$,"." 4+
7" 5%"-+&/034

%&/*2".0 3"

/"7*6".0 04602&/0. ( #! 10-5.+&2" 0,0
40$,&
K(T 0,)
K(T 0,)
K(T 0,)

&;$* $; &.0 %" +& 3,51 ## " 40$,&
",0 10340+* /&,*
4","6 %" +& ,5(-"
7" 3"

MATEMATIKA 2
30
,0+" 3& 7" 3-5$"+ 360%*

/" 34"/%"2%/5 5%"-+&/034 5

MATEMATIKA 2
31
MATEMATIKA 2
32
!" 3,51 $; &.0 2&;$* %" +& #')#%" ",0 +& 0/

0,0-*/" 36",& 360+& 40$,& /"10.&/" 0/ 4"%" /&
3"%2* /*4* +&%/5 40$,5 25#" &04602&/* 3,51 3"%2*
40$,& ,0+*." /*+& 0,0-*/" /"10.&/" 0/ 4"%" 3"%2*
#"2&. +&%/5 40$,5 25#"
otvoren skup
2"/*$/" 62*+&%/034 2&"-/& '5/,$*+& 6*9& 6"2*+"#-*

/45*4*6/" %&/*$*+"
"&.0 %" +& -*.&3 '5/,$*+& 5 /&*70-*2"/0+
40$,* 10%25$+" %&/*$*+& 0% * 1*9&.0

neotvoren skup

",0 62*+&%/034* 4&& 12&." ,"% 4&*

12&."
x
0
&;$* $; &.0 %" +& 40$," #! +' 3,51" ",0

36"," 0,0-*/" 0% 3*+&$& 3,51 !" 3,51
,"&.0 %" +& *')#%" ",0 3"%2* 36" 360+" (0.*
-*94" /"10.&/" 0/ 4"%" 3"%2* * 36& 40$,& 25#"

,0 7" 40$,5 10340+* /&," 0,0-*/" ,0+" /&
3*+&$& 3,51 0/%" ,"&.0 %" +& *# %"

'#
3,51"

,51 +& *')#%" ",0 +& /+&(06 ,0.1-&.&/4

04602&/ 3,51
" &," 35 %"/* '5/,$*+"

* 40$," ,0+" /*+& *70-*2"/" 40$," 0%

&;$* $; &.0 %" +& #20+ %""
)%"#&'
",0
'5/,$*+& ( '#

2*.*+&4*.0 %" 3& 56+&4 1206+&2"6" 5 40$,"."

40. 3-5$"+5 1*9&.0
*-*
",0
"10,0/ 2&;$* $; &.0 %" +& 3,51 #!"
,
10340+* /&," ,5(-" ,0+" (" 3"%2*
MATEMATIKA 2

33

MATEMATIKA 2
34
$#!" 0% '5/,$*+" +&%/& 6"2*+"#-& 3.0

*."-*
2
0
-2
0.5

4&

0.25

0
-0.25
-0.5
6%+& +& 3*45"$*+" 3-0&/*+" 54&6" ,",0 8*;$*8 5

*." #&3,0/"$/0 0 +"3/0 +& %" -*.&3 /& 3.*+& 06*3
*4* 0 154"/+*
$#!" ,0-*,0 +&

4& 4"%"

-2
/& 10340+*
0
2

/& 10340+* 60 +&
103451", ,",0 5462%*4* %" -*.&3 /& 10340+* 40 +& 15/0
-",9& /&(0 5462%*4* %" 10340+*

%!% 31*4"+4& (2"/*$/5 62*+&%/034 '5/,$*+&

5 40$,*
,0-*,0 *%& 10 154&6*." ,0+& 0%2&%5+5
:
12"6$* *.".0

* 42"&/* -*.&3 /& 10340+* +&2 7" 2"7-*$*4& %0#*+".0

2"7-*$*4& 62*+&%/034*
MATEMATIKA 2
35
MATEMATIKA 2
36
10
%!% 5/,$*+"

0.4
-4
-2
-4
0.2
-2
0.0
0 0
-0.2
y2-0.4 2x

*." 5 40$,* (2"/*$/5 62*+&%/034

,0-*,0 *%& 10 154&6*." ,0+& 0%2&%5+5

:
12"6$* *.".0

0.4
-4
-2
0.2
940 7/"$* %" -*.&3 10340+* * %" +& +&%/",
2
0.0
0 0
-0.2
x-2-0.4 2y
-4
MATEMATIKA 2
37
MATEMATIKA 2
38
&02&. 0 57"3401/*. -*.&3*." 7" '5/,$*+5 %6*+5 6"2*
+"#-"
- 2
#%! &," +&
0 . 5
- 2

!"%"4", 3& .0& 2*+&9*4* * 12*+&-"70. /" 10-"2/& ,0
02%*/"4& 5%5;$* +& * 4"%"

",0 * 3".0 ",0 .".0

5%5;$* %" %0#*6&/* 2&75-4"4 /& 06*3* 0 4+ 0 ,545

10% ,0+*. %0-"7*.0 5 40$,5 %",-& /& 06*3* 0
,2*65-+* 10 ,0+0+ %0-"7*.0 5 40$,5 7",-+5$5+&.0
%" -*.&3 10340+* * %" +& +&%/",
MATEMATIKA 2
39
,0 10340+& 57"3401/* -*.&3*

*

0/%" +&

0340+"/+& * +&%/",034 57"3401/*) -*.&3" *
7/"$* 3".0 10340+"/+& * +&%/",034 (2"/*$/& 62*+&%
/034* '5/,$*+& 7" %6" 0% #&3,0/"$/0 ./0(0 15406"

12*#-*"6"/+" 40$,* 940 /& 03*(52"6" 10340
+"/+& -*.&3"
0%3+&4*.0 3& %" 106-"$* %" -*.&3 /&
10340+*
MATEMATIKA 2
40
11
" &," +& %"/" '5/,$*+"

,0 +&
%!% 5%5;$* %" +&

40 /& 10340+* -*.&3

,"&.0 %" +& '5/,$*+" /&12&,*%/" 5 40$,*

,0 +& /&12&,*%/" 5 36",0+ 40$,*

,"&.0 %" +& /&12&,*%/" '5/,$*+"
%!%
2*+&%* 3-+&%&;$&

",-& 57"3401/* -*.&3* 10340+& * .&%530#/0

35
:
+&%/",* " *1", /& 10340+* -*.&3

940 3.0 6&;$ 6*%+&-* 5 +&%/0. 2"/*+&. 12*.+&25
MATEMATIKA 2
%!% 5/,$*+"

41

MATEMATIKA 2
42
! !$

.,*0.'*, #1+( &'1

& -, 2,)'&
,!.+1 0, (1
6+ &*, .2+&+"

&
+& /&12&,*%/" &2 +&

!)'"
+"( '"

$#!" *.&3 * /&12&,*%/034 '5/,$*+" 42*+5 6"2*
+"#-* 3& 3-*$/0 %&/*2"

$#!" !#20+ 2"7-*," 5./0",
* ,0-*$/*, ,"% (0% 35 %&/*2"/* /&12&,*%/*)
3,"-"2/*) '5/,$*+" +&35 /&12&,*%/& 3,"-"2/& '5/,$*+&
&

&0, '" '". /!." ."* 0, (1
"/0.&( &'"

/*&'"*, /*0.0& #1+( &'* '"!+" 2.&')"
'". /"
*&'"+' /*, (,,.!&+0
,!+,/+,
."!,*
z
f1(x0 )=f(x0,y 0)
z=f(x,y)
z=f(x0,y)=f2(y)
z=f(x,y0)=f1 (x)
D
Dy
T=(x0 ,y0)
Dx
MATEMATIKA 2
43
MATEMATIKA 2
44
12

"( '" #1+( &'
!2&'1 2.&')& & (, -,/0,'& )&*"/

&

-.2 -. &')+ !".&2 &' ,! -,

,.&/0" /" ',7 & ,6+("

,+!
+6&2*,

(, -,/0,'& )&*"/

(, ")&*, +9 &

0! 1 &6.61
2.&')1 0." 0."0&.0& (, (,+/0+01 &
!".&2&.0& -,
+),$+,
(, 0.&*, 0! 1 &6.61 2.&
')1 0." 0."0&.0& (, (,+/0+01 & !".&2&.0& -,
,+! +6&2*,

(, ,2& )&*"/& -,/0,'" 6 /2" !,&2*,
!2&'" #1+( &'" !2&'1 2.&')&

-.2 -. &')+ !".&2 &' ,! -,

MATEMATIKA 2
45
",*"0.&'/( &+0".-."0 &' -. &')+&%

!".&2 &' #1+( &'"
.# #1+( &'" !2&'1 2.&')& '" -),%
."/'" "*, )& 01 -),%1 .2+&+,* &)&
!,&0 9 "*, .2+&+/(" (.&21)'" ,!+,/+,
."!,* .&/'"0&*, /" ! '" $.# ."/0.&( &'"
-,)6+" #1+( &'" $.# ."/0.&( &'" -,)6+"
#1+( &'"
",*"0.&'/( &+0".-."0 &' -. &')+&% !".&2 &'
&
0, /1 (," &'"+0& /*'". 0+$"+0" + ,!+,/+, +
1 0, (&

0
tx0
1
z=f(x,y)

MATEMATIKA 2
+),$+, /" !"+&.'1 & -. &')+"

!".&2 &'" #1+( &' 0.& & 2&7" 2.&')& -. 6
&**,

)& +,

"%+&( !".&2&.+' ,/0'" &/0 !".&2&.*, -, 2.&
')& 0."0&.'19 & & (, (,+/0+0"
- !,&2*,

"( '"
&
(, -,/0,'& )&*"/
,+! 0' )&*"/ +6&2*,

& ,6+ 2*,

(x0 ,y0 )
46

ty
z
MATEMATIKA 2
47
(, #1+( &' &* 1 0, (&

-. &')+1 !".&2 &'1
-, /2(,' 2.&')& ,+! ("*, ! '" #1+( &'

(, '" !".&2&)+ 1 /2(,'
!$ # "
0, (&
+6&2*, '1 !$ #
MATEMATIKA 2
48
13
'"0&*, /" ! 6 .")+" #1+( &'" '"!+" 2.&')"

! 9 "*, -,(60&
! 6 #1+( &'" 2&7" 2.&') 0,
,-9 "+&0,

!! ,(6)& /*, ! '" #1+( &'
6!+ -.,-&/,*

-."(&!+ 1 0, (&

&

+" -,/0,'&
+ '"
*"!10&*
!".&2&)+ 1 0, (& &*"

8

/)& +, /" -,(" ! '" &

()" -.2" -. &')+" !".&2 &'" 6!+" #1+( &'" /1
."!,* #1+( &'"
MATEMATIKA 2
49

. &')+&* !".&2&.+'"* -.2&% -.
&')+&% !".&2 &' & 0, /1 ,-"0
#1+( &'" !2&'1 2.&')&
!,&2*, -. &')+" !".&2 &'"
!.1$,$ ."!

!.1$ -. &')+ !".&2 &' -, 4

50

"/0,
-10 /" !,$!
8 ! /1 *'"7,2&0" !".&2 &'"

+"(" #1+( &'" 0' #1+( &'"
&
*"!1/,+,
8
'"!+(" ,/02)' /" -&0+'"
6 (,'" 12'"0" + #1+( &'1 0, 2.&'"!&
!$,2,. + 0, -&0+'" !+ '" 1 +."!+,* 0",."*1
!

%!&$ "! "( #1+( &'

!.1$" *'"7,2&0" -. &')+" !".&2 &'"
!.1$ -. &')+ !".&2 &' -, 5
2, /1 ,-"0 #1+( &'" !2&'1 2.&')&
&* 1 +"(,' 1 +"(,' ,(,)&+&

0, ("

+"-."(&!+" -. &')+" !".&2 &'" -.2,$ ."! &

& +"( 1 0,' ,(,)&+& -,/0,'" *'"7,2&0" -. &')+"

!".&2 &'" !.1$,$ ."!
&

&
(, /1 !.1$" *'"7,2&0" -. &')+" !".&2 &'"
+"-."(&!+" 1 0, (&

,+! /1 ,+" & '"!+(" 1
0'
2.&'"!&

. &')+&* !".&2&.+'"* ,2&% #1+( &' !,)6&*, !,

-. &')+&% !".&2 &' 0."9 "$ ."! &0!
+),$+, /" !"+&.'1 -. &')+" !".&2 &'" 2&7"$
."! #1+( &' ,! 0.& &)& 2&7" 2.&')&
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
" ! !$!

%3.6,2 0",."* *,"*, -,,-9 &0& &
+ 2&7" !".&2 &'" (, /1 +"-."(&!+"
0' ,-"0 +&'"
&0+ -,."!( !".&2&.+'
51
MATEMATIKA 2
52
14
!! !."!&*, /2" -. &')+" !".&2 &'" !.1$,$

."! & 0."9 " -. &')+" !".&2 &'" -,
& ."!,*
0"
-,

& ."!,* ,+!'" $!'" -,/0,'" 6 #1+( &'1

"+&
&'/(, -,!.1 '"

'" ,02,."+ -,)1.2+&+
& #1+( &' '" !".&2&)+
.&0,* '"
1 &), (,',' 0, (&
!! .,*0.'*, #1+( &'1 6!+1

-.,-&/,*

1+( &' '" !".&2&)+ + & -.&0,* '"

.&*&'"0&*, ! /1 & ,'" -. &')+" !".&2 &'" !".&2

&)+" #1+( &'"
0' ! '" #1+( &' !2-10 !".&2&)+
& ! '"

!)'"
,'" ,2" -. &')+" !".&2 &'" /1 !".&2&)+"
#1+( &'" + & 2.&'"!&

,$)"!'*, /! 70, '" / !".&2&+,79 1 1 0, (&

-,(,+
, &0, '" ! '" & 0.&-10 6-.2,
-, 2,)'&

*+,$, -10 !".&2&)+ & ! '"

MATEMATIKA 2
53
1!19 & ! '" 6 /2(& &

6 /2(&
0, '" !".&2&)+ & 1 &
.&*&'"0&*, ! '"

- 6 !.1$" *'"7,2&0" -. &')+" !".&2 &'" ,! 1
!,&2*,
MATEMATIKA 2
54
# "
& % !/)&$%
,$0$') /
.*&$
+*-.*% +,$%') ,$0$%

$
,! !/)&$% % +'*# ) % )*(
, -% (* '$ ./ +'*#/ ,0)$)*( *)*-)*

*$. 4 (* ,0)$)-& &,$0/'% *)*-)*
, *(

t y0
1
t x0
z=f(x,y)

(x0 ,y0 )
y

()"
#1+( &' '" !2-10 !".&2&)+ "!10&*
8

*'"7,2&0" !.1$" -. &')+" !".&2 &'"
&

/1 *"!1/,+,
.6)& &0" 6.,(
!((,
)"&
8

1 0, (&
1 -."(&!+,/0& #1+( &'"
,$%') ,$0$% % &* $% ). -(% ,

.)" ). ) / .*&$

) -'$$ *2) ) -

MATEMATIKA 2
55
MATEMATIKA 2
56
15
+,$%') ,$0$% % &* $% ). -(% ,

.)" ). ) / .*&$

, $(* % )/ .)" )$%') ,0)$)

) +'*#/ 2)/ !/)&$%*(

) -'$$ *2) ) -

) ,0)$)
)$,) .)" ).( $ ) % -
/ .*&$
&* % $((* %
$

) .)" )$%') ,0)$) "'-$

z

t y0
1
t x0
z=f(x,y)
*)*-)*

(x0 ,y0 )
y
0% ,$(* - / ('*% *&*'$)$ .*& .)" )$

%') ,0)$) *,* +,*&-$($, !/)&$%/
$-. /
.*&$
$((* %

*0*'%)* ('*% *&*'$)$ .*& *0 ,0)$)
$ +'*# ) % )*( $(%/ -(*
% )/ 2% )$&/ .*&/ + ,0)$)/ )/ -
)2$0(*
) +'*#/
/ .*&$
MATEMATIKA 2
57
/)&$%

$ 2$-. - ,$ * *,*% +,*&-$($%$
MATEMATIKA 2
58
*&2'$ -(* !/)&$%

)2$0 - $ !/)&$% /
+,*&-$($%

$( +,$%') ,$0$%

+
'$) ,$2$% * /

"'-$

* /
*0*( -'/%/ '$) ,$2$% )$% *, +,*&-$($%

2
+,
/ .*&( +,0 +*+,$(
0,$% )*-. 3.* % ' &* * 0,$% )*-.$

*,)%/ +,*&-$($%/ )2$0(*

% , % .*
+,*&-$($% 2) !/)&$% #
!" / 0,$%'( $
*0*% +,*&-$($%$ !/)&$%-& 0,$% )*-.$
2) !/)&$% +,*&-$($,(* 0,$% )*-.$( &**,
$). +'$&. .*& / .)" )$%')*% ,0)$)$
2 *"*0,%/4 +,*0 .%
/ *0*'%)* ('*%
*&*'$)$ *&* .*& ",! !/)&$%
+,*&-$($,(* .)" )$%')*( ,0)$)*(

MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
59
,$,*)* - - +*-.0'% +$.)%
60
16
!/)&$%/ % ) 0,$%' ,$0$')/ /
* *0*( /2*,/ $ +,$,-.
)$,'$ -(*
$

&* % ,$0$') / *) %

'% $2

2+$-.$ / *'$&/

-'$% $

"%
* 2)$ 2 ,$0$')/ !/)&$%/ / 0,$% $

MATEMATIKA 2

&

&* +*-.*% +,0 +,$%') ,$0$%

* *) & (* %
,$0$')
,$0$')*-. !/)&$% ) %($ $ $! , )
$%$')*-. &* !/)&$% % ) 0,$%' .$ -/ +*%(*0$
&0$0' ).)$

"% %
(* (* *+$-.$ -
/)&$% %
$! , )$%$') !/)&$% / .*&$ &* - +,$,-.
2)$(* -

61
MATEMATIKA 2
62
&* +,$%') ,$0$% $ +*-

.*% / *&*'$)$ .*& $ &* -/ ) +, &$) / .*&$
. % !/)&$% $! , )$%$')
!/)&$% / .*&$

*&$(* % !/)&$%

$! , )$%$') / .*&$
$ *, $(* )% )/
'$) ,)/ +,*&-$($%/
&' $ '$) ,) +,*&-$($% * / *&*'$)$

.*& $' *, !/)&$% (*, $.$ $! , )
$%$') !/)&$% / .*&$
&* %

*.')$ $! , )$%' !/)&$%
/ .*&$ )$,(* &*

"% -/ $ $! , )$%'$ ) 20$-)$# 0,$%'$ $
0$$(* -/ +,$%') ,$0$% ) +, &$) )

&' $ / .*&$ + % +* +, .#*)*( . *
, (/ $! , )$%$') !/)&$% / .*&$
% 2$)
'$) ,) +,*&-$($% %
//4$ % $ *) '$)

,)/ +,*&-$($%/ (* (* 2+$-.$ &*

.* 2)$ (* (* +$-.$

/ ) &*% ('*% *&*'$)$ .*&
+,

MATEMATIKA 2
63
MATEMATIKA 2
64
17
*( .,$%-& $). ,+, .$% .*.')*" $! , )$%'
, $(* .*.')$ $! , )$%' !/)&$%
% .$(* - &* !/)&$% % ) 0,$%' $('$ -(*

% $! , )$%' $ )% " -(* $). ,+,
.$,'$ &* +,$,-. * .)" ). .%
+,$,-. *,$). )
.)" ).$ 2 +,$,-. ) 20$-) 0,$%' 2
* )'*"$%$ .*.')$ $! , )$%'

/ $'* &*%*% .*&$ ((*

,*(*.,$(* +,*(% )/ +,$ +,*(% )$ .*&
/ .*&/

&'

% +,$,-. * .)" )$%') ,0)$) .%

+,$,-. +'$&.
/ .)" )$%')*% ,0)$)$ 2 +,$,-. ) 20$-)$# 0,$
%'$ $ , *( 2 $

0$$(* %
'$ $ % ,/) +/)*
% )*-.0)$%$
% $
df(x,y)
f(x,y)
x

(x,y)
(x+dx,y+dy)
MATEMATIKA 2
65
*%(*0$ '$) ,) +,*&-$($% $ .*.')$

$! , )$%' )'*")* - )$,%/ $ 2 !/)&$% *
.,$ $ 0$3 0,$%'$
+,
2 '$) ,) +,*&-$
($% %

66
#%

& %
*.0*, ) -&/+ $
$! , )$%
$') )
. ,2(.,(* !/)&$%/
) -&/+/

&* % !/)&$% $! , )$%$')
$
) +, &$) *) " !/)&$%

"'-$
.*.')$ $! , )$%' &*

#1,2
-)*0) +,0$' 2 $! , )$,)% 3.*

-(* $# '$ 2 !/)&$% % ) 0,$%' *-.%/ 0'%)
$ 2 !/)&$% 0$3 0,$%' & "* $(%/ -($-'

MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
67
!*,(')*

&* % !/)&$% $! , )$%$') )

$ &* -/
-0 (% 3*0$. ,$0$%
, * ) +, &$)
&
*) !
!/)&$% "'-$

MATEMATIKA 2
68
18
& !/)&$% $( / ) &*% *&*'$)$
-0 +,$%') ,$0$% * /&'%/$0* 0*"

,
&* -/ -0 +,$%') ,$0$% 0*"
, $! , )$%$') / .*&$ $ )%$#*0 ,$0$%
) +, &$) *) !! !
!/)&$% / .*&$ "'-$
%)%" & #" ("

/$ $%1)5!#)*% 2,/%.% &4.+#)*% *%$.% 5!1)*!",%
)-!-/ +/ *% * ) ) ) % '$*% 24 ) $)&%1
%.#)*!"),.% &4.+#)*% /.$! )-!-/
* * )

% ) %

!$! )-!-/
#%! %+! 24 & ) ' $)&%1
%.#)*!"),.% &4.+#)*% .! & '
) $)&%1%.#)*!"),.! &4.+#)*!
!$! *% $/"1/
$%.)1!.! +/-0/7)#)*!

+ & ' +% &% '% %

+/*! *% $)&%1%.#)*!"),.! ) 51)*%$)

+ & '

% & % ' %
/+!7 5%$)-/ /7.!+% + ) * ) &%
* '% 0! 31%"! $/+!7!3) &/1-4,4
+ ) *

% ) % * %
MATEMATIKA 2
69
MATEMATIKA 2
%+! *% ) * &% '% "),/ +/*!

3/#+! 4.+#)*! *% $)&%1%.#)*!"),.! &4.+#)*! 0! *%
+ ) * -/'49#% 7!0)2!3) 4 /",)+4
) *
) ) *
*

% %
% %
)
*

) *
) *
)
* ) *
+
)
*
'$*% +!$! ) * !$! $)*%,*%.*%2 % )-!-/
+ ) * ) ) * *

%
)
%
*
%
70

) *
%
%+! 2!$! % !$! )-!-/ ) &% %

&% ) * '% % '% *%1 24 & ) '
.%01%+)$.% 0! 23/'! ) -!-/

%
%

%
%

*
)

%
%

) % * %
!+,% 51)*%$)
+ ) *

% ) % * %
! 3/ 2% ) 351$),/
) * )
+
%

%
%
)
%

) *
) * *

*
%
%
MATEMATIKA 2
71
MATEMATIKA 2
72
19
%!% $1%$)3) + !+/ *%
#%! %+! *% + ) * $)&%1%.#)*!"),.!

&4.+#)*! 0/ 5!1)*!",!-! ) ) * 3% .%+! 24 ) & ' )
* & ' $)&%1%.#)*!"),.% &4.+#)*% 0/ 5!1)*!",!-! & )
' 3!$! *%
+ ) * )* ) ) % * %
1)*%$)
+ ) + *
+

&
) & * &

+
)* * % )
)*
%
%
+ ) + *
+

'
) ' * '
!+/ *% ) *
)-!-/ $! *%
+

+
)* * )* %%
%

)
)*

)*!'1!-
z
x
%%
)*
!#4. 01/5*%1)3) $%1)5)1!.*%- &4.+#)*%
%!% $1%$)3)
+% % % % %
y
vu
+ +
)
2,/%.% &4.+#)*%
& '
+ )* ) & ' * &'

+ ) + *
+

*)*& )* ) '&'
&
) & * &
+ ) + *
+

*)*' )* ) &&'
'
) ' * &
MATEMATIKA 2
73
$#!" %74,3!3 %/1%-!

,!+/ 2% 0//09#4*%
01
!+/ )-!-/ ( ) * + % ) ) )& '
* *& ' + +& ' ) % %& ' /.$! *%
( ) ( * ( + ( %
(

&
) & * & + & % &
vu
z
vu
t
vu
& )* * +
) #$% * #$ % + # $ %
1!& &4.+#)*% + ) * /09#%.)3/ 01%23!5,*! .%+4

0,/(4 4 01/23/14
1%30/23!5)-/ $! *% 2 ) *
)-0,)#)3./ 7!$!.! &4.+#)*! * ) / 7.!#) $! *%
) ) 7! 25!+4 3/#+4 ) )7 $/-%.% &4.+#)*%

1)-*%./- %/1%-!

)-!-/ $%1)5)1!.*%- 0/ )
&
4 3/#+) # $ %

$
1)0!$.) $)*!'1!- *%
u
y
x
r
MATEMATIKA 2
tr
& & ) & * & +

$ ) $ * $ + $

&

$

%!% +/ *%
)71!#4.!3)
0! *% 31!%.! $%1)5!#)*!
!+/ *% )# $ % #$% )

*# $ %
#$ % *
+# $ % # $ % +

)-!-/
w
y
74

)
* #% ) *+
#$% * + # %
( ) ( * ( + ( %
(

'
) ' * ' + '
% '
)*!'1!-
MATEMATIKA 2
z
tr
75
MATEMATIKA 2
76
20
%!% !
*
)

)
)
* )
) * * *
) * ) *

83/ 0/5,!#)

*
)

)
)
*
*
5/ 51)*%$) !+/ *%

* ) !+/ *% 2 ) *
)-0,)#)3./ $%.)1!. * +!/ &4.+#)*! /$ )
5/ .)*% 45)*%+ -/'49#%
,*%$%9#) 3%/1%- '/5/1) +/*%
45*%3% -/1! 7!$/5/,*!5!3) &4.+#)*! $! ") 01%+/ .*% *
$%.)1!,) +!/ &4.+#)*4 /$ )
#%! #%! # !$ '"# (" %+!
*% $%.)1!.! .! /35/1%./- 2+404 +/*)
2!$1) 3/#+4 ) * ) .%+! *% ) * )
* ) * +/ 24 ) ) * .%01%+)$.% &4.+#)*%
.! 3!$! *%$.!$"! ) * )-0,)#)3./ $%.)1!
* +!/ &4.+#)*4 /$ ) .! .%+/* /+/,).) /$ ) ) 01) 3/-%
*% $%1)5!#)*!

*
)
)
*
MATEMATIKA 2
77
%!% $1%$)3) 0!1#)*!,.% $%1)5!#)*%

)-0,)#)3./ 7!$!.% &4.+#)*%
+ +

) *
+

)

)*
)*
*
)

)
*
) * * )
//09#%.*% 01%3(/$./' 1%74,3!3! $!*% 3%/1%-

#%! #%! # !$ '"# (" %+!
*% & ) * + &4.+#)*! $%.)1!.! .! /35/1%./2+404
+/*) 2!$1) 3/#+4 ) * +
+/ *% + ) !+/ 24 )
* + .%01%+)$.% &4.+#)*% .! 3!$! *%$.!$"!
) * + )-0,)#)3./ $%.)1! &4.+#)*4 + ) *
4 .%+/* /+/,).) 3/#+% ) * ) .*%.% 0!1#)*!,.%
$%1)5!#)*% 24
*

+
+
)

)
+
*
+
MATEMATIKA 2
78
/$2*%3)-/ 2% !'1!.'%/5/' 3%/1%-! 3%/1%-!

21%$.*% 51)*%$./23) 7! &4.+#)*% *%$.% 5!1)*!",%
4.+#)*! $%.)1!.! *% .! # )3!5/-

4$49#) $!
*%
) $! *% +
3/ *% 4
/+/,).) 3/#+% '/1.*/- *%$.!$"/- )-0,)#)3./
7!$!.! &4.+#)*! + ) *
$1%$)-/ */8 $%1)5!#)*% 3% &4.+#)*%

%1)5!#)*! 3% &4.+#)*% *%
#%! &%" )%"#&'
) * + )
*
+
)*+

)

+
$%.)1!.! *% )-0,)#)3.! &4.+#)*! * +!/ &4.+#)*! 4

5!1)*!",) ) 4 .%+/* /35/1%./* /+/,).) 3/#+% )
*%1 *%
) *%1 24 ) ) * )*
)*
* ) * ) * * )
.%01%+)$.% &4.+#)*%
3% *

#%!
%+! *% &4.+#)*!
.%01%+)$.! .! 2%'-%.34 ! $%1)5!"),.! .!
).3%15!,4 !$! 0/23/*) 3/#+! 3!+5!
$! *%

*+ )
*+ )

)* +
)* +

!'1!.'%/5! &/1-4,! 2% -/% 7!0)2!3) .! 5)8%

.!#).!
)+ *
+
*

*
)* +
+

),) 47 ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) )

'$*% *%

MATEMATIKA 2
79
MATEMATIKA 2
80
21
"
! 2+40 ! +!%-/ $! *%
#")&" !+/ *% 7! "),/ +/*% $5)*% 3/#+%
)
.*)(/5! 20/*.)#! 2!$1!.! 4 3* !+/ *%

%
%

//09#%.*% !'1!.'%/5/' 3%/1%-! 7! &4.+#)*% 5)8%
5!1)*!",) $!./ *% 2,*%$%9#)- $5!-! 3%/1%-)-!
15) *%
)2+!7!. 7! &4.+#)*% $5)*4 5!1)*!",!
#%!
%+! *% /35/1%. ) +/.5%+2!.

2+40
) * ) ) ) * *
%+! &4.+#)*! )-! .! .%01%+)$.% 0!1#)
*!,.% $%1)5!#)*% ) ) * !$! 0/23/*) 3/#+!

3!+5! $! *%
09#%.)3/ 51)*%$) 3%/1%- 21%$.*% 51)*%$./23) 7! &4.+#)*4

! 5!1)*!",)
#%!
%+! *% ! /35/1%. ) +/.5%+2!.
2+40
! ) ! %+!
&4.+#)*! )-! .! 25% 0!1#)*!,.%
$%1)5!#)*% 015/' 1%$! ) .%+! 24 /.% .%01%+)$.%
!$! 0/23/*) 3/#+!

3!+5! $! *%
! !
!

)
1)3/- *% % ! % ! !

7! .%+) %

) ) * * ) * ) )* *

1)3/- *% ) %) * %* 7! .%+)
%

MATEMATIKA 2
81
* #%#) #%!(

/$2*%3)-/ 2% 7! &4.+#)*% *%$.% 5!1)*!",% )-!-/
%+! &4.+#)*! )-! .! ).3%15!,4
$%1)5!#)*4 !
/' 1%$! ) .%+! *%
) "),/ +/*! 3/#+!
!$! 7! 25!+) )
51)*%$) * #%#) #%!(

) ) ) ) )

)
!

)

! )

)
!
82
#%!
+/ &4.+#)*! )-! .!
.%+/* /+/,).) 3/#+% ) *
.%01%+)$.% $%1)5!#)*% $/ 4+,*4#)5/ !
/' 1%$!
/.$! 7! 25!+4 3/#+4 ) * 51)*%$)
!6,/1/5! &/1-4,!

) )! ! )
"
!

) )
* *

"
)
*
"
!
'$*% *%
) ) ! )

!
MATEMATIKA 2
!
) )!
!

) )
* *

!

)
*
) ) ) * * *
'$*% *% ) ) )
! ! )
/23!3!+ !'1!.'%/5 /",)+ ! 3/' 1%$! 4 !6,/1/5/*
&/1-4,)

) 01) # %-4 *%
"

* *

)
*
" "

"
) )" * *

)" *
) )
! &4.+#)*% $5)*4 5!1)*!",) * #%#) #%!( $!.! *%
2,*%$%9#)- 3%/1%-/-
MATEMATIKA 2
83
MATEMATIKA 2
84
22
!+,% 01%-! !6,/1/5/* &/1-4,) )-!-/ $! *%
/% 2% 0/+!7!3) $! 7!
! !
51)*%$)

'$*% *% ! !6,/1/5 0/,)./- ! 3/' 2340.*!

&4.+#)*%

! ! )-!-/

) ) * ) * *
)

) ) )*
) ) * *
))

* *
**
'$*% *%

) )
))*
) ) * *
)))

) ) * * ***
* *
)**

85
% !
!" '5/,$*+5
,"&.0 %" *."

5 40$,*
",0 10340+* 0,0-*/" 40$,&
3" 360+3460. %" +&
7" 36",5 40$,5

7" 36",5 40$,5
,0-*,0 +&
83/ 7.!#) $! /23!3!+ !6,/1/5% &/1-4,% !

"1% /$ ! 7!3/ 0/.%+!$ 7! ! +/1)23)-/ /7
.!+4 !
+/ &4.+#)*! )-! .! .%+/* /+/,).)
3/#+% .%01%+)$.% $%1)5!#)*% 0/
5/,*) 5)2/+/' 1%$! ) !+/ .)7 /23!3!+! ! +!$
! /.$! !6,/1/5! &/1-4,! 01%,!7) 4 * #%#)
%
"

) )
* *

"
)
*
"
2,4#!*4 !6,/1/54 &/1-4,4 .!7)5!-/
(%"#)#! #%!( #! ! !6,/1/5 1%$
(%"#)! %#!
MATEMATIKA 2
86
*

*."+5 .*/*.5. -0,"-/* * (-0#"-/* 5 40$,*

2*.*+&4*.0 %" +& 7" 1265 '5/,$*+5 40$," 4+&.&
1"2"#0-0*%" (2"'" * %" 0/" 5 40+ 40$,* *." 1"2$*
+"-/& %&2*6"$*+& " %" +& 7" %25(5 '5/,$*+5 4" 40$," 62)
3408$" (2"'" * %" /& 10340+& 1"2$*+"-/& %&2*6"$*+& 5
40+ 40$$*
&($
+% +,!* - #&"#% ")*($
,0 '5/,$*+" *." 5 40$,*
-0,"-/* &,342&. * ",0 +& 5 40+ 40$,*
%&2*6"#*-/" 0/%" +&
7" 36",*

7" 36",*
0/%" ,"&.0 %" *."

5 40$,*
"0 * %0 3"%" 120."42"4 $: &.0 '5/,$*+& %6*+5 6"2*+"#-*
MATEMATIKA 2
!

!
( $!( 5/,$*+&
")*($ +%" ! , . ,( !#

) ) * *
.!,/'./ 2% !6,/1/5! &/1-4,! ) !6,/1/5 1%$ -/'4

)2+!7!3) ) /09#%.)3/ 7! &4.+#)*% ! 5!1)*!",) !

#%+)5!-/ $! #9 % /23!3!+ ! ")3) 3/ -!.*) 83/ *%

3/#+! ",)! 3/#+)
MATEMATIKA 2

87

0$," 5 ,0+*." 3& 126& 1"2$*+"-/& %&2*6"$*+& 10/*8
4"6"+5 /"7*6" 3&

4"$*0/"2/" 40$," +& ,"/%*%"4 7" &,342&.

&.5
+& +&%/", %*'&2&/$*+"- '5/,$*+& 5 34"$*0/"2/0+
40$,* * ,",6" +& 4"/(&/$*+"-/" 2"6/*/" /" 1-0)5 (2"'"
'5/,$*+& 5 40+ 40$,*
MATEMATIKA 2
88
23
&($
&,&#!% +,!* - #&"#% ")*($
&," +& 34"$*0/"2/" 40$," '5/,$*+&
* /&," 35 %25(& 1"2$*+"-/&
%&2*6"$*+& '5/,$*+& /&12&,*%/& /" /&,0+ ,5(-*

&," +&

( $!( %2&%*4* &,342&.& '5/,$*+&

2*+&%*

-*+&%*
"%" 62*+&%*
,0 +& * 4"%" +& 5 40$,*

*." -0,"-/* .*/*.5.
,0 +& * 4"%" +& 5 40$,*
*." -0,"-/* .",3*.5.
,0 +& 4"%" 5 40$,* /&." &,342&.
'&$% ,0 +& /& .0&.0 7",-+5$*4*

/*84" 0 &,342&.5
060. 3-5$"+5 .0&.0 *."4*
&,342&. "-* * 3&%-"345 40$,5
5 +& 1042&#/0 %"-+/+&
*31*4*6"/+&

* 35 /5-40$,& 4"$*0/"2/&
40$,& 35

5%5:$* %" +&

*.".0
MATEMATIKA 2
89

* '5/,$*+" 5 /&." &,342&.

* '5/,$*+" 5 *." -0,"-/* .*/*.5.
MATEMATIKA 2
&($
&,&#!% +,!* - #&"#% ")*($
&," +& 34"$*0/"2/" 40$,"
'5/,$*+& * /&," 35 %25(& 1"2$*
+"-/& %&2*6"$*+& '5/,$*+& /&12&,*%/& /" /&,0+ ,5(-*

&," +&

90

,0 +& * 4"%" +& 5 40$,*

*." -0,"-/* .*/*.5.

* '5/,$*+" 5 *." -0,"-/* .*/*.5.
,0 +& * 4"%" +& 5 40$,*

*." -0,"-/* .",3*.5.
-*$/0 *.".0 7" '5/,$*+& 42* 6"2*+"#-&
&($
+% +,!* - #&"#% ")*($
,0 '5/,$*+" *." 5 40$,*
-0,"-/* &,342&. * ",0 +& 5 40+ 40$,*
%&2*6"#*-/" 0/%" +&
36*. 034"-*. 3-5$"+&6*." ,"%" +& 5

40$,* /&." -0,"-/* &,342&.
,0 +& /&." 0%-5,&

MATEMATIKA 2
91
MATEMATIKA 2
92
24
0%3+&4*.0 3&
,51 +& ",0 +& 0,0-*/" 36",& 360+&

40$,& 4+
",0 7" 36",* 10340+* 4","6 %"
+&

,51 +& ",0 +& /+&(06 ,0.1-&.&/4

04602&/ 3,51
0$," +&

3,51"
",0 36"," 04602&/" ,5(-" 3"%2* #"2&.
+&%/5 40$,5 *7 * #"2&. +&%/5 40$,5 *7
3*+&$& * 4+
36"," ,25/" 0,0-*/"
0,0 40$,& +& %*+&-0. 6"/ %*+&-0. 5/54"2
,51 36*) 25#/*) (2"/*$/*) 40$"," 3,51" /"7*
6".0
* 07/"$"6".0 3"

",-& &*,&(% )"+' % )( % * !%+ (+%+

*&"+
&" -*,&(% )"+' )( ), ),&! (+%

*&"
!" 3,51 ,"&.0 +&
",0
10340+* 04602&/" ,5(-" ,0+" 3"%2* 3,51

2*40. +& 07/"," 7" *3)0%*84& ,002%*/"4/0(
3534"6" 5
MATEMATIKA 2
93
2*3+&4*.0 3& ,0 +& /&12&,*%/" /"

3&(.&/45 7"4602&/0. */4&26"-5 0/%" 0/" /"
40. 3&(.&/45 1012*." (-0#"-/5 .*/*."-/5 * .",3*
."-/5 62*+&%/034
&($
,0 +& /&12&,*%/" /"
7"4602&/0. 0.&%&/0.
3,515 4"%" 103
9
40+& 40$,& * 5 ,0+*."
*." (-0#"-/* .",3*.5. * (-0#"-/* .*/*.5.
2&%0.
2"&/+& (-0#"-/*) &,342&."

" "%5
9 3& 34"$*0/"2/& 40$,& -0,"-/* &,342&.*
'5/,$*+& * 62*+&%/034* 0% 5 /+*."
# "%5
9 3& 40$,& &,342&." 0% /" 25#5 0% *
62*+&%/034* 0% 5 /+*."
$ 0$," ,0+0+ 12*1"%" /"+6&:$" 62*+&%/034 0% *7
* +& 40$," (-0#"-/0( .",3*.5." " 40$," ,0+0+
12*1"%" /"+."/+" 62*+&%/034 0% +& 40$," (-0#"-/0(
.*/*.5."
MATEMATIKA 2
( $!( 3,515 36*) ,6"%2"4"34*) ,54*+" ,6"%2* #&7

(02/+& 342"/*$& +&%/",0( 01-08+" 0%2&%*4&
0/"+ 3 /"+6&:$0. 60-5.&/0.
!"%"/0 +& 57 07/",& 8*2*/"

%5*/"
6*3*/"

02" #*4* " 40 %"+& 034"-& .0(5:$/034*
041"%"+5 7#0(

-*+&%* %" +& +& 34"$*0/"2/" 40$,"

060-+/&
56+&4& /*+& 1042&#/0 *31*4*6"4* 7#0( 12*20%& 7"%"4,"
0#*6".0
* 42&#" /":$* .",3*.5. '5/,$*+&

1" 120#-&.

.0&.0 2*+&8*4* 42"&:$* .",3*.5. '5/,$*+&

7 10-"7/0( 56+&4" +&

2&4)0%/* 12*.+&2 .0&.0 */4&212&4*2"4* /" /"$*/
%2&%*4* &,342&. '5/,$*+& 57 56+&4

%" +&
2*+&%*

4& 7" ,54*+5 %*.&/7*+"

94
* 7" /":$* 34"$*0/"2/& 40$,& 7#0( 12*20%& 7"%"4,"

%060-+/0 +& 2*+&8*4* 3534"6
MATEMATIKA 2
95
MATEMATIKA 2
96
25
% !
,342&. '5/,$*+& 57 56+&4
/"7*6" 3&

( $!( %2&%*4* &,342&. '5/,$*+&

57 56+&4
'&$%
2*1"%/" "(2"/(&06" '5/,$*+" +&

&7"/* &,342&. .0&.0 */4&212&4*2"4* /" /"$*/ (2"'

'5/,$*+& 1-0)" 12&3+&$*.0 $*-*/%2*$/0.
1-0)0. 2&3+&$/*$" +& 1203402/"
,2*65-+" * /+&7*/ &,342&. +& 42"&/* 6&7"/* &,342&.
%&/*$*+5 3& /& .02".0 0(2"/*$*4* /" %*.&/7*+5 *

3".0 +&%"/ 56+&4
12
120#-&. 6&7"/0( &,342&."
+& * /":$* &,342&. '5/,$*+& 57 56+&4&
/""-034 06%+&
/&.".0 (&0.&42*+3,0( 12*,"7" 120#-&."
"-"&/+& 6&7"/0( &,342&." /"+-",8& +& 1206&34*

(%&, $ '&)*+'"&$

$ *+" 35 2+&8&/+"

.".0 .*/*.5.
.",3*.5.
02.*2" 3& 12*1"%/" (%&, +%" !
&0.&42*+3," */4&212&4"$*+"

"%5
9 3& 34"$*0/"2/& 40$,& '5/,$*+& /&," 35 40
40$,&
72"$5/"+5 3& 62*+&%/034* /"+6&:$" 62*+&
%/034 0% /+*) +& 6&7"/* .",3*.5. 0% "
/"+."/+" +& 42"&/* 6&7"/* .*/*.5.
MATEMATIKA 2
1" *.".0 3534"6
97
0$,& * 35 40$,& /" 1203

402/0+ ,2*65-+* &-*13*

%0#*6&/0+ ,"0 12&3+&, 2"6/*/& * 6"-+," 3" .*/*.

0%/03/0 .",3*.
62*+&%/034* ,002%*/"4&
MATEMATIKA 2
98
2"4*.0 3& 12*.+&25 0%2&%*4* &,342&. '5/,$*+&

60-5.&/ 57 56+&4 %" +&

02.*2"+.0 12*1"%/5 "(2"/(&065 '5/,$*+5

* 0%2&%*.0 /+&7*/& 34"$*0/"2/& 40$,&
*+&8*.0 3534"6

+&8&/+" 35

!",-+5$5+&.0 %" +& 42"&/* 6&7"/* .",3*.5.
* 0/ 3& 1034*& 7"

MATEMATIKA 2
99
MATEMATIKA 2
100
26
& #$"% $"

5-6.)7-13 6) )/% .) 2)45)/-(2% *82/'-.% 2% 6)+
1)278 - 2)/% .) 6)+1)27 73'/%1%
43(-.)0.)2 2% .)(2%/-, (.)039% (80.-2)

- 2)/% .)
(5)()2-27)+5%0 *82/'-.) 3( (3 ()2-5%13 /%3
=

)/% .) 31)()2%
*82/'-.% ()2-5%2% 2%
=
;%7935)231 45%93/872-/8

- 2)/% .)
5%* *82/'-.) .)
403,% ' -.% .) .)(2%(&% ;2%'-13 6%
46)8(3/9%(%5 3(5)()2
= 6 45%93/872-/31 - +5%*31
*82/'-.) 2%( 2.-1 0-/%
7.

;5%'82%.13 93081)2 7-.)0%
-)1%2239% 681%
"/30-/3 .)
-)1%2239% 681%

z=f(x,y)
c
(%.) %453/6-1%'-.8 4395<-2) 5%92-26/3+ 0-/% -643(

/5-980.) ;% 68131 4395<-2%

45%93/872-/%
% -27)+5%0 (%.) 45%98 4395<-28
d y
x

73+ 0-/%
36784-7- '> )13 60-'23 -;5%'828 4395<-2)

39(.) 84-
6-9%.8>'- /9%(5) /3.- '> ) %453/6-1-5%7- 93081)2 3(+3
9%5%.8>')+ 46)8(3/9%(5% )+1)27 43(-.)0-13
(-3&)2-1 73'/%1%
2% 43(6)+1)2%7% .)(2%/) (80.-2)

)+1)27 43(-.)0-13 (-3&)2-1

73'/%1% 2% 43(6)+1)
MATEMATIKA 2
101
2%7% .)(2%/) (80.-2)

%;(-3&) 6)+1)2%7% - 3(5)(8.8
5%;(-3&8
=
45%93/872-/% 2% 45%93/872-/)

MATEMATIKA 2
102
%/%/3 (% '> ) %453/6-1%'-.% 93081)2% &-7- &30.%

/%(% .) 5%;(-3&% 45%93/872-/% 2-.%
7. /%(% 68
- 9)>'- 0-/%
z =f(x,y)
z =f(x,y)
.)(2%/) 4395<-2)

" 69%/31 45%93/872-/8 3(%&)5-13 73'/8
- 93081)2 /9%(5% /3.)18 .) &%;% 45%93/872-/ 9-6-2% -;236-
!%. 93081)2 13)13 8;)7- /%3 %453/6-1%'-.8 9308
1)2% 46)8(3/9%(5% 3(5)()23+
45%93/872-/31 =
+5%*31 *82/'-.) 2%( 2.-1

4% 673+% 13)13 8;)7- (% .)

z=f(x,y)

yj-1
xi-1
yj
-1)6 39%/93+% 7-4% 13)13 4531%75%7- - /%(%

*82/'-.% 2-.) 43;-7-92%
d y
K ij
b
x
d y
d y
x b
xi
(x*,y*)
i
j

%623 .) (% 75%)2- 93081)2 7-.)0% 13)13

%453/6-1-5%7- ;&53.)1 69-, 39%/3 (3&-9)2-, 7.

MATEMATIKA 2
103
MATEMATIKA 2
104
27
& #$"% $" *82/'-.)

2%( 45%93/872-/31 .) &53.

! %/3 .) (3/%;%7- (% 95-.)(-

8; 3;2%/) 3( 45-.) 8/30-/3 32 43673.-

"3&-'%.)2% 3;2%/% .)

!

2%;-9% 6) -)1%22
81%

3931 68131
% -27)+5%0 -)1%22
/3 .) ;% 69%/- 7%(% .)

39-1 -27)+5%031 *82/'-.) 2%(
-1)6 -; )2-'-.) 89-.)/ 43673.- 8/30-/3

.) *82/'-.% 2)45)/-(2% 2 43673.- - ;% 2)/)
45)/-(2) *82/'-.)
MATEMATIKA 2
105

%
& #$"% $"
5-6.)7-13 6) .)(236758/3+ -27)+5%0% 5)%02) *82/'-.)
.)(2) 9%5-.%&0) /3.)+%
2%5%923
2-613 -;5%'82%9%043 ()2-'-.-
2)+3 45-1.)231 ):732)-&2-;39) *35
180)
7. 45-1.)231 2)3(5)()23+
-27)+5%0% 678
=
7),2-/8 45-1-.)2-2-13 - 2% (936758/- -27)+5%0

593 -;5%'82%.13 3(5)()2-27)+5%0
=
8;-1%.8>'- (% .) 9%5-.%&0% /3267%27% );807%7 '> )
&-7- *82/'-.% 8 9%5-.%&0- - 43731 2.8 -27)+5-5%.13
8;-1%.8>'- - /%3 +5%2-') -27)+5%'-.) 5)7,3(2436784%/
/%) (% 6) -;5%'82 (936758/3+ -27)+5%0%

'82 (9%.8 .)(236758/-,
693(- 2% -;5%
-27)+5%0% 3/%;8.) 6) (% 95-.)(- 7;9 %& $
"
" % )/% .) 2)45)/-(2%
*82/'-.%
45- ' )18 .) 45%93/87
2-/ !%(% 95-.)(

MATEMATIKA 2
106

- 45-731 /%)13 (% 613 4539)0- -27)+5%'-.8 8 5)(360-

.)(8 3(23623

"" ;5%'82%.13

%/%/3
-67- 6) 5);807%7 (3&-9% - 8 3&528731 5)(360-
.)(8 -27)+5-5%2.%

"3&-'%.)2- ;%4-6 .)
MATEMATIKA 2
107
MATEMATIKA 2
108
28
! $% -27)+5%0 -; 45)7,3(23+ 45-1.)5%

/%)13 (% .) -27)+5%0 6% 6)4%5-5%2-1 9%5-.%&0%1% - 32
6) 13) .)(2367%92-.) -;5%'82%7- /%3 8123%/ (9%.8
.)(236758/-, -27)+5%0%

" 45)7,3(231 45-1.)58 .)

! 3/%; 8&-2-.)93+ 7)35)1% .) 603)2
%0- 6) 8 608'%.8 43;-7-92) *82/'-.) 13) -278-7-923

5%;81.)7- 795(2.% 7)35)1%
%-1)
8 608'%.8 43;-7-92)
*82/'-.) (936758/- -27)+5%0 .) &53.
/3.- .) .)(2%/ 93081)28 3(+39%5%.8>')+ 46)8(3
/9%(5% 3 -;5%'82% 73+% 93081)2% 13)13 (3>'- 2% 60.)()>'% (9% 2%'-2% " 45931 608'%.8 -67%/287- (-3
0-/% % -1% 93081)2

$&5%.%2.)1 69-, 7-, 93081)2% (3&-9%13 %453/6-

1%'-.8 93081)2%

z=f (x,y)
z=f (x,y)
d y
d y
x
Vi
Vj
(b)
(a)

MATEMATIKA 2
109
- 8 +5%2-'231 608'%.8
/%( -1%13

z=f (x,y)
z=f (x,y)
d y
d y
b
Vi

Vj
(b)
(a)
9-1 5%'82%2.)1 93081)2% 2% (9% 2%'-2% (3&-

9%13 (% .) ;%-67%

110
- 8 +5%2-'231 608'%.8 /%( -1%13

MATEMATIKA 2

" (58+31 608'%.8 -67%/287- (-3 0-/% & -1%

93081)2

$&5%.%2.)1 69-, 7-, 93081)2% (3&-9%13 %453/6-

1%'-.8 93081)2%

MATEMATIKA 2

111
MATEMATIKA 2
112
29
$% 2)45)/-(28 *82/'-.8
45- ' )18 .)
31)()2
= 0-/%
45-4%(2- -27)+5%0 ()2-
5%13 4313>'8 2.);-23+%

)/% .) 2)45)/-(2%
*82/'-.% 45- ' )18 .) 31)()2
= 6/84 )/% .)
&-03 /3.- 45%93/872-/ <73 6%(5-
% *82/'-.%
75-9-.%023 453<-5)2.) *82/'-.) /3 .)
*82/'-.% -27)+5%&-02% 32(% & #$"% $" 2%
3( ()2-5%13 *3518031
2% 2)/- 45%93/872-/
z
z=f(x,y)
-1
0
a 0 0
c
x b

.)7-13 6) -27)545)7%'-.) -27)+5%0% 43;-7-92) *82/'-.)

45)/3 93081)2% 93081)2 -643( +5%*% *82/'-.) 2%(
- 93081)2 -643( +5%*% *82/'-.) 2%( 45-1-.)7-13
(% 2-.) 2)45)/-(2% *82/'-.% 68 .)(2%/-
4% -1%
61-60% -27)+5%0 *82/'-.) 2%( ()2-5%7- 45)/3
-27)+5%0% *82/'-.) 2%( 0%/3 6) 9-(- (% 7%. -27)+5%0
%/3 43673.-
2) 39-6- 3 3(%&5%231 45%93/872-/8
MATEMATIKA 2
113
36)&23
/%( .) ()2-'-.6/3 43(58'.)
31)()23
+5%*39-1% (9-.8 2)45)/-(2-, *82/'-.% 0%/3
=
(3&-9%13
-; *35180)
39%. 7)35)1

369) 60-'23
/%( .) 31)()2
= +5%*39-1%
2)45)/-(2-, *82/'-.%

0-/% &
95-.)(-

y

y
d
y= 2(x)

/3 .) - -0 32(% .)

MATEMATIKA 2
114
"1.)673 - 83&-'%.-03 6) 4-6%7

- 45-731 613 8 45931) 608'%.8 -27)+5%'-.8 4539)0- 8

5)(360-.)(8
% 8 (58+31) 8 5)(360-.)(8
- -;5%'82%7- 2.)+398 95-.)(2367

3(58'.) -27)+5%'-.)

13)13 ;%4-6%7- - 2% 39%. 2%'-2 0-/%

D
x= 1(y)

"" 531-.)2-7- 435)(%/ -27)+5%'-.) 8 -27)+5%08

" )/% .) *82/'-.%

45- ' )18
.) 31)()2
= +5%*39-1% 2)45)/-(2-, *82/'-.%

0-/% % !%(% .)

! #5-.)(-

x= 2(y)
y= 1(x)
x
a
(a)
x
(b)

MATEMATIKA 2
115
MATEMATIKA 2
116
30
"" ;5%'82%.7) -27)+5%0
y
2
y=2-x

D2
1
D1
y=x

1

+(.) .)

1%13

45- ' )18 .) 31)()2

= /5-980.%1%

%'82%.7) -27)+5%0 8 3&% 435)7/% -27)+5%'-.)

MATEMATIKA 2
117
&" % & #$"% $"%
118
"" # 23+/,'3 21&36%,'
'-# 46 3#70+04-# 21&36%,# + 0'-# ,'

23'4.+-#7#0,'

1&3'&'01
4#
:
) * )
*

23'4.+-#7# 4' 53#04(13/#%+,1/ 1&3'&'01/
4#
:
(60-%+,#/#
) * ) * + ) * , ) *

)&,' 46 (60-%+,' -1,' +/#,6

.+-#
v
MATEMATIKA 2
+ ) * ) *
, ) * )*
6 21&36%,' 6 +,
3#70+0+ 1/'&'01
2#3#$1.#/#
:
+

, +
,
+ 4')/'051/

0# +
14+
y
2
(u,v)=(x=g(u,v),y=h(u,v))
x=
(u,v)
1
1_ 2
4 y -1
x=1B'
C'
u

80#%+/1 4#

1_ 2
y
4
-1
D'
A'

+ , ) + , * + ,
"#+45# 8# &6+06
+07'3801 23'4.+-#7#0,' 1&

"# 23'4.+-#7#0,' 4 17+/ 471,457+/# -#'/1 &# ,'
$+,'-5+70# $"# " -1,# 23'4.+-#7# 6
+/#/1 + ) , 2# 4' 10# 53#04(13/#%+,1/
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
119
) * )
*
120
31
23'4.+-#7# 6 &6+06
'-# ,' 53#04(13/#%+,# ) * &#0# 4#
+ ) *
+ , +
,
, ) *
80#%+/1 4#
"# &6+06

( ) * ) * ! ) * "
) * )
*

+/#/1 +
* , * *
+ '.+/+0#%+,1/
* &1$+7#/1
+ , +

, ,
#-.' 4.+-# ,' &+1 )3#(# 2#3#$1.' 1& 51%-'
0#
+
14+ &1 51%-' 0# ,
14+ 0#.1)01 1&3'&6,'/1
4.+-'
:
+ &6+0# + .+-#
7'-513 21.1#,# 51%-' ) * ) * ) *

6 +,
3#70+0+ 3#04(13/#%+,1/ 23#71-650+ ) ) ) * * * 4' $+,'-5+701
23'4.+-#7# 0# 21&36%,'
v
u0+v
vrv'
b
y0
v0
(u 0,v 0)
uru'
a
u
80#%+/1 4#

( ) *

( ) ) *
23'.#4-1/ 4# -113&+0#5# + , 0# -113&+0#5' ) *

8# 4.6%#, + , ) *
MATEMATIKA 2
121
1739+06 21&36%,# /1'/1

#231-4+/+3#5+ 4#

-1,')# 1&3'&6,6
21739+01/ 2#3#.'.1)3#/#
:

7'-513+ +

( ) * *
( ) *
MATEMATIKA 2

( ) *
( ) ) *

() ) *
)
)
+) *
,) *

!
"
*
*

)*
( )) *
( * ) *

( ) * )
( )) *

( ) ) *

( ) * *
( ) * *
( * ) *
)&,' ,'
#-1 ,'

!

( * ) * +) )*
( )) *
+)*

*

+)*
)
+)*
*
+) *
,) *

!
"
)
)
10&# ,'
,) *
)
,) *
*

+) *
)
# ,)*

)

( )) * ( * ) *

MATEMATIKA 2

* ) * "
#&# 21739+06 21&36%,# /1'/1 #231-4+/+
3#5+ 4#

)
( )) * *
( * ) *

( ) *
( ) * *

(* ) *

*
*
73+,'&+
122

(* ) * * ) * !
6&6;%+ ,'

) ) * "
x
x0

() ) * ) ) * !
u0+u
u0
$ #-1 +83#%60#5+ +05')3#.

+ ,+,
123
MATEMATIKA 2

"
,) *
)
,) *
*
+) *
*
,) *
*

+)*
)
,)*
)

#

#

+) *
*
,) *
*

124
32
'5'3/+0#05#
'-# ,' 4#&# 8#&#01 21&36%,' 6 )*

3#70+0+
+ 53#04(13/#%+,# ) * + ) * , ) *
-1,# 21&36%,' 6 )*
3#70+0+ 23'4.+-#7# 0# 21&36%,'
6 +,
3#70+0+ 5' 0'-# ,' (60-%+,#
1&+,'.+/1 21&36%,' 0# 23#71-650+-' !" + 0,+*17'
4.+-' 6 +,
3#70+0+ 180#%+/1 4 !" .+-#

+ +

) *

, ,

) *
0#8+7# 4' #%1$+,'7# &'5'3/+0#05# +.+ #%1$+,#0 53#04
(13/#%+,' + 180#%#7# 4#

+ +

+ , ) * + , + ,

) * , , ) * * )

) *
X
R ij
Sij
yj
vj
u
xj
uj

10#%01 21739+06 21&36%,# /1'/1 #231-4+/+3#5+

4#
714536-+ +05')3#. (60-%+,' 0#& /1'/1

#231-4+/+3#5+ 4#

$
%

+ ,
+! ," !"
)*

)&,' #%1$+,#0 53'$# 68'5+ 6 51%-+ ) *
! "

+ ,
)*
)! *" )! *"
) *
"
$
%

!
)&,' ,' #%1$+,#0 68'5 6 51%-+ )! *" 14.,'&0,# 46/#

,' +05')3#.0# 46/# 8# +05')3#.
MATEMATIKA 2
125

MATEMATIKA 2

+ ,
)*
) * ) *
) *
) * )
*

)&,' ,' 53#04(13/#%+,# 1&3'&'0#
46245+56
:
%+,1/ 5,
951 0#4 626;%6,' 0# 46245+56%+,6 6 &714536-1/

+05')3#.6
"
'-# ,' 0'23'-+&0# (60-%+,#
0# 21&36%,6 #
0'-# ,' $+,'-5+70# 53#04(13/#%+,# % +,+ #%1$+,#0 0'
+9%'8#7# #&# ,'

+ ,
)*
+ ,+,
) * ) *
) *

"" 83#%60#5+ +05')3#.

,+,

)&,' ,' 21&36%,' 1&3'&'01

2#3#$1.#/# , +
:

, + + +
14+ +80#& +
14+ .+-#
#%60 %; '/1 2317'45+ 5#-1 &# 67'&'/1 46245+56%+,6

+ ) *
, )*
1-#8#.+ 4/1 6 3+/,'36 &# ,' 21&36%,' +05')3#%+,'
4.+-# 21&36%,#
MATEMATIKA 2
126
127
) * + ) * , )*
6&6;%+ ,'

+ +

+ , ) * ) *
) *

) * , , * )

) *
21 '13'/6 +/#/1

+ ,
)*

,+,
)*
) *

)* ) * )*
) * * ) ) *

MATEMATIKA 2

)
)
)

**
*

)
*

* * * * *

*
128
33
! 23#-4+ 4' % '451 ,#7.,# 2153'$# &# 4' 23#71-650'

#35'8+,'7' -113&+0#5' 7#3+,#$.' + , 8#/+,'0' 21
.#30+/ -113&+0#5#/# ) * 6245+56%+,1/

+
,
8# #%1$+,#0 &1$+7#/1

+ +

+ ,

, ,

+d
d
1()
x
5, /1' 4' 12+4#5+ 0# 0#%+0

#80#%'0+ '.'/'05 21739+0' ,' &+1 -3601)
+4,'%-# 2# ,'

76 46245+56%+,6 /1'/1 +05'323'5+3#5+ 0# 0#%+0 0'-#

,' 21&36%,' +05')3#%+,' 6 +05')3#.6

+ ,+,
+ ,

2 ()
dP

3'/# 51/6

+ ,+,

36)+ % .#0 /1'/1 8#0'/#3+5+ + 68'5+ 8#

#&# ,'
-#1 0# .+%+
MATEMATIKA 2
129

MATEMATIKA 2

+ , +
, + +

+ ,+,
+ ,

130
2145#,' +05')3#%+,4-+/ 21&36%,'/

# 51 &#,' + 0#9 5'13'/ 1 46245+56%+,+
=cos
y= x-x2
#21/'0+/1 ,19 &# 4' 6 21.#30+/ -113&+0#5#/# +0
5')3+3# 6 213'5-6 5,

"#/,'01/ #35'8+,'7+* -113&+0#5# 21.#30+/# +05'
)3#%+,4-1 21&36%,'
131

+ , 2145#,'
+ , +,
)&,'
,' 21.6-36) 6 -7#&3#056 1&3'&'0
: -360+%1/

+ ,

0

"" 83#%60#,/1 +05')3#.

+ , +,
MATEMATIKA 2
#
21&+05')3#.0# (60-%+,#
.+,'&+

= cos

MATEMATIKA 2
132
34
#5-#&# ,' 3#%60 21)1&0+,' 2317'45+ 6
! %$ ! " "$ #%#$&%

-1,'/6 ,' 21. 6 51%-+ & '

+ &
, '
"# #%1$+,#0 &1$+7#/1 + 6-1.+-1 ,' 4.+-#
21&36%,# +05')3#%+,' 1$.+-#

73+,'&+

+ ,+,
& '

& '
!
)
!
! " "$

+
,
"# #%1$+,#0 &1$+7#/1

+ +

+ ,

, ,

3'/# 51/6

+ ,+,

360+%' -1,' 6 #35'8+,'71/ -113&+0#501/ 4645#76

+/#,6 23+-#8 + & , ' 17&,' +/#,6
,'&0145#70+ 23+-#8 1%-# + , 6 171/6
-113&+0#501/ 4645#76 +/# -113&+0#5' )&,' ,'

,'
+ 23+ 1&3'&+7#0,6
-65# +8 +&
53'$# 71&+5+
:
3#%60# 1 23'&80#%+/# 1& + & + , '

,'

+ & , '
+&
MATEMATIKA 2
133
"$ #%#$&%
! %$ !$
-1,'/6 ,' 21. 6 51%-+ & '

+ &
, '
#21/'0+/1 &# 4' 6 171/ -113&+0#301/ 4645#76

+ ,
'.+24#
12+46,' ,'&0#&$1/

2# 451)# 2112;%'0' 21.#30' -113&+0#5'

0#8+7#/1 + !$
"$
MATEMATIKA 2

"" 83#%60#5+
)&,' ,'
= 1
2sin
=1
y
1
B
A B
O

+,

+ , + ,
,

73+,'&+
2'5 ,' #%1$+,#0 + 6-1.+-1 ,' 4.+-# +05'
)3#%+,4-1) 21&36%,# 1$.+-#

134
x
5
polarna os

+ ,+,
& '
#21/'0+/1 &# '.+24# -1,# 6 #35'8+,'71/ -113&+
0#501/ 4645#76 +/# ,'&0#&$6

-3

45#-065+ &+1 60653#90,145+ '.+24'
, '
+ &

+ ,

17&,' +/# ,'&0145#70+ 23+-#8

.+-# /1'/1 12+4#5+ 4#

+ + +

,
+
MATEMATIKA 2
135
MATEMATIKA 2
136
35
"#/,'01/ #35'8+,'7+* -113&+0#5# 21/#-065+/

2112;%'0+/ '.+25+%-+/ 21.#30+/ -113&+0#5#/#

+
,

'.+24# 2123+/# ,'&0145#7#0 8#2+4

&1- ,' ,'&
0#&$# 23#7%# , 6 171/ 4645#76

&3'&+/1
-113&+0#56 51%-'

,
'

+
&

#-#-1 8$1) 4+/'53+,' ,'

#7'&'01/
46245+56%+,1/ +05')3#%+,4-1 21&36%,' 2145#,' +05'
)3#%+,4-1 21&36%,'

/#/1

+,

MATEMATIKA 2
137
MATEMATIKA 2
!" & #$"% $"

1-#8#.+ 4/1 &# #-1 ,' (60-%+,#
0'23'-+&0# + 0'0')#5+70# 10&# 23+2#&0+
&714536-+ +05')3#. /,'3+ 71.6/'0 )'1/'53+,4-1)# 5+,'.#
1&3'&'01)#
14017+%1/ + 2.1*1/ 5,
:

+ ,+,

138
+ ,
+
+
+,

+ , ,

+
3'.#4-1/ 0# 21.#30' -113&+0#5'
3+/+,'5+/1 &# 6 4.6%#,6 -1045#050' (60-%+,'

+ ,
231/#53#0+ +05')3#. /,'3+ 21739+06 3#70+0
4-1)# 4-62# 5,

+,

+
,
&1$+7#/1

""
83#%60#, 71.6/'0 5+,'.# 1/'&'01)
2.1
:
*1/ - + , + 3#70+01/ -
,'%+95' 17' &7+,' 2.1*' ,' -360+%# + , 2# ,'
21&36%,' +05')3#%+,' -36)
+ ,
6&6;%+ &# ,' + , + ,

0# + 0'23'-+&0# (60-%+,# 71.6/'0 5+,'.# &1$+7#/1
3#%60#,6;%+ +05')3#.
MATEMATIKA 2
139
MATEMATIKA 2
140
36
$ ! ' ! &"(

3#( (60-%+,' ,' 2.1*# 6 23145136

+ , - + , - + ,
1-#86,' 4' &# ,' 4-62 47+* 51%#-# 5#-7' 2.1*' 6

-1,+/# 0'/# 5#0)'0%+,#.0+* 3#70+0# 21739+04-+ 8#0'
/#3+7 2# %; '/1 )# 6 0#9+/ 3#8/#53#0,+/# 4/,'5+

8#0'/#3+7#5+
#-.' #-1 ,' - + , + , '-42.+%+50# ,'&
0#&$# ).#5-' 2.1*' 5#&# ,'
!-1.+-1 ,' (60-%+,# &+('3'0%+,#$+.0# 5#&# 2.1*6

0#8+7#/1 $ &36)+/ 3+,'%+/# 2.1*# ,'
).#5-# % +/ 6 47#-1, 471,1, 51%-+ &12695#
5#0)'0%+,#.06 3#70+06
! 0'-+/ 3#8/#53#0,+/# + 23+/,'0#/# ,#7.,#5 %; ' 4'
2.1*' 21265 17+* 0# .+%+

+ ,
+
+ ,
,
+,
0,'8+0# 21739+0#
3+/+,'5+/1 &# 6 4.6%#,6 -1045#050' (60-%+,'
+ , 0# &1$+7#/1
S3
S1

S2
S4
!1%#7#/1 &# 4' 3#&+ 1 2.1*+ 4#45#7.,'01, 1& -10
#%01 ).#5-+* 2.1*# % 5#-1 &# 6 51%-#/#

421,0+* -3+76.,# 0' 21451,' 5#0)'0%+,#.0' 3#70+0'
0+ 013/#.' "# 5#-7' 2.1*' -#'/1 &# 46 !
& $
MATEMATIKA 2
141
"" 83#%60#5+ 21739+06 &+,'.# 451#45' 2.1*'

, + - -1,+ ,' 1&3'&'0
: 67,'51/
,
y
S
%

MATEMATIKA 2
%#&'%( "'% "

-03# 0*'!,- "3-01/2)-+ ',1#%/*2 "#,'/ 0# '
1/-01/2)' ',1#%/* #) (# ,#./#)'",
$2,)!'( 1/'(2 3/'( * "#,'/, , )3"/2
$ %
) ) )
.1*# 23+7+.')+3#0# ,
14 + 0,'0# 231,'-%+,#
-36) + -
0# +-
3#70+06 23+-#8#0+ 46 0# .+%+

3'$# +83#%60#5+
"

!
!
+ -
+ -

+-
+

+ -
MATEMATIKA 2

+
+ -

+-
142
-"'(#*'+- "'- #,'+ 1-!)+
-1 2.1*# 0+,' ).#5-# #.+ ,6 4' /1' 3#45#7+5+ 21

&+,'.17+/# ).#5-+/ -3+76.,#/# 0# -10#%01 /01)1 &+4
,60-50+* ).#5-+* 2.1*# % 10&# ,' 0,'8+0#

21739+0# 8$31,

+,
951 4' 4.#' 4 23+,' 2180#51/ (13/6.1/

+ -

+ -
* * *!
$ + + + " %
0#%+#,1# $ % , .-"0#%+#,1# (#",)#
%$
"2*(',# ) *
! + "
3"/
.-"'(#*'+- , .-")3"/#
) * +
) ) )
* * * + + +
+-

+-
143
! "
3' .-"
)3"/' '+(2 (#",)' 3-*2+#, )*+

'#+,,-3
1/-01/2) 02+ (# - *')
MATEMATIKA 2
144
37
!
"

) * +)*+

%"(# (# ) * + '*- )-( 1-!) '4 )3"/
" %#&'%( "'% $2,)!'(#

," ," )3"/-+
(# /-(

!"
!
"

) * +)*+

2)-*')- -, .-01-('

(""
'%#&'%( "'%

1/-01/2)' ',1#%/*
6
) * +)*+ .- -+#"#,-+
',1#%/!'(0)-+ .-"/2!(2

"#,'/+- ./#)1/'3'(*,-% ./-5'/#,(

) * + ) * +

) * +

) * +
$2,)!'(# , '*- )-(' )3"/ 51- 0"/'
013*((27!'

) * +)*+
) * +)*+
0)'+- 0" ,*-%-,# ./#1&-",'& 1#-/#+ 2

0*2!(2 1/-01/2)-% ',1#%/*
- '!(#, -4,) (#

) * +)*+
#%! #) (# $2,)!'( ./' ! #+2 (#

# $

)3"/ " 3/'(#"'

) * +)*+

) * ++ * )
4+'(#,(2(27!' +(#01 3/'( *+ "- '3+- ,*-%,#

',1#%/!'(0)# $-/+2*#
MATEMATIKA 2
145
$#!" /'(#"'
MATEMATIKA 2
#%! #) (# $2,)!'( ./' ! #+2 (#

) * + ) * +)*+

) * +)*+
) * +)*+

146

) * +)*+
) * +)*+

)- (# '

'*'
) * +)*+ -," (#
) * + ) ) * )
) * + ) *

)
)

) * +)*+
)- (# ) * + ) * + ) * + -," (#

) * +)*+
) * +)*+
MATEMATIKA 2
)*
)*
) * ++

* )

_
a<_ x <b
_ 2 (x)
1 (x)<_ y <
_ 2 (x,y)
_ z <g
g 1(x,y)<
z=g 1(x,y)
y
y= 1(x)
y= 2(x,y)

147
z=g 2(x,y)

) * +)*+
) * +)*+
%"(# 02 ' ,#./#)'",# $2,)!'(# *')

" (#

) * +)*+

MATEMATIKA 2
148
38
-03# 0*'!,- )- (#

) * + * * ) *
) * + ) *
- ' )-" "3-01/2)-% ',1#%/* 2- '!('*- 0# 2+(#014.'0 ' )-/'01'1'

) * +)*+
%"(# 02 ' ,#./#)'",# $2,)!'(# *')

" (#

) * +)*+

*

*
)*
)*

) * ++
)
)
)

*
)*
)*
) * ++

z=g2 (x,y)

*
) * +)*+
*
*

)
)*
)*
) * ++

' ./'1-+ %-3-/'+- " 0+- ',1#%/!'(2 ./-3#*' 2

/#"-0*'(#"2 +*) -",-0,- /#"-0*'(#"2 +)*
_ y <d
_
c<
_x<
_ 2 (y)
1(y)<
_z<
_ g 2(x,y)
g1 (x,y)<

) *
z=g1 (x,y)
y
d
y= 1(x)
c
x
y=2(x,y)

MATEMATIKA 2
149
MATEMATIKA 2
%!% 4/!2,(+
+)*+

)
"
"
) * )
"
) * + ) *

+)*+

MATEMATIKA 2

)

)

)

)

)*
)
*

)
) *

+

-!'+- " ./-+1/,# .*-&# ./-*4# '0&-"'51#+ '

" 0# 0'(#)2 24"2 (#"','!,# )/2,'!# ) * 2
/3,',' +
2"27
6 /3,', + ' +
"!' " '4+#"2
3/'(#"' ) * ) * 1- (# ./-+1/,- 1'(#*-
-"/#"#,,#(#"," +
6
++-

%"(# (#

-+#"#,
%/$-3'+
$2,)!'(
6
"
) * ) * ' ) * ) *

150
)

!
) * ) *
*
)

)

)
)
)

* ) )
) * * *

*
) * ) *
) *
*

)

"

"
)
) )
)

"

"

)
)
)
)

++

*
151
MATEMATIKA 2
152
39
!" )% ( '%#&'%(#! "'% (

#) (#

.-"/2!(# 2 &'(
)--/"',1,-+
020132 )-(# 0# '(#)1'3,-+ 1/,0$-/+!'(-+
-"/#"#,-+
0
6
) & ' ( * & ' ( + & ' (

./#0*')3 2 .-"/2!(#

2 )*+
)--/"',1,-+
020132 !- '(, 1/,0$-/+!'(# (# "#1#/+',,1
) ) )

' (
) * + &
* * *
&
(
& ' ( + '
+ +
& ' (
0*2!(2 1/-01/2)-% ',1#%/* 0# ! #01- (3*( .-1/#

" 0# ./3-)21,# /1#4'(#3# )--/"',1# 4+'(#,#
!'*',"/'!,'+ '*' 0$#/,'+ 2"27!' " (# 3#4 /1#4'
(#3'& ' !'*',"/'!,'& )--/"',1

) +
* +

+ + +
1- (# ./'.",' !- '(,

) * +

+
+

#%! #) (# ,#./#)'", $2,)!'(

, .-"/2!(2

,#) (# '(#)1'3, 1/,0$-/+!'( ! '(' !- '(, ,#

'5!#43 " (#

) * +)*+

+

+
+
+

+
)- "- '3+- $-/+2*2

) * +)*+
+ +

) * +
&'(
& ' ( & ' ( & ' (

& ' (
MATEMATIKA 2
153
%!% /1'+- 0# /,'(#+ ./'+(#/2 4/!2,1'

+)*+

+)*+

)
)

)
*
) *
) *
++
(# .-./'*'!,- )-+.*'!'/, /'(#"#

6 *' 0# +#"21'+
6
, !'*',"/'!,# )--/"',1# ',1#%/!'(0)- .-"/2!(#
.-01(# ',1#%/!'(0)'+ .-"/2!(#+

+
+
)- "- '3+

+)*+
+ +

MATEMATIKA 2

++
+

+

154
0*2!(2 0$#/,-% )--/"',1,-% 02013 4+(#,0)#

3/'( *# 23-"'+- , ,!',

) # #
* # #

+ # #
%"(# (#

-+#"#,
./#0*')3,(
6 %/$-3'+
"
) * ) * ' ) * ) *
!2, )-(' 1/# ./-3#01' 2 ',1#%/*2

MATEMATIKA 2
+
' ./'.",' !- '(, (#

#

) * + # #

# # #

#

155

# #

# # #

#

'+# 0+- "- '*' $-/+2*2

) * +)*+

# #

# #

#
#

# # # # #
MATEMATIKA 2
156
40
%!% 4/!2,1'
"
+ ) * + )*+

%"(# (# ) * + ) * + +

"
-"',1#%/*, $2,)!'( + ) *
+ 2 0$#/,-+
)--/"',1,-+ 020132 '+ 4.'0 # #
-
"/2!(# ',1#%/!'(# (# (#"','!, 0/#"'5,( .-*2)2%* '

-, ./#*4' 2 .-"/2!(# ',1#%/!'(#

#
#
. (#

"

#
# #

) * + )*+

# # # #

#
# #
MATEMATIKA 2
157
# # $%!" '%#&'%(# "'%
MATEMATIKA 2
158
%!% 4/!2,1' 3-*2+#, 1'(#*
)- $2,)!'(

./#"013*( %201-7!2
1'(#* ./'.",' ',1#%/* +(#/' +02 1(

!
) * +)*+

) * + ) +
+ *
-!'+- " 4 )-,01,1,2 $2,)!'(2 ) * + &-
+-%#,-01 ./'.",' ',1#%/* +(#/' 3-*2+#, 1'(#*

)*+

(#5#,(#
)*+

*+

)- (# .) 1'(#*- )-,01,1,# %201-7!# '++-
!
%!% 4/!2,1' +02 1'(#* -+#"#,-%

)-,
6
!#,1/'!,'+ 0$#/+ /"'(20 ' )- (# %201-7!
+1#/'(* - /,21- ./-.-/!'-,*, 2"*(#,-01' -"
0/#"'51 0$#/# (#",) (# , 2"*(#,-01'

(#5#,(# !

MATEMATIKA 2
159
MATEMATIKA 2
160
41
#+')*#! ()'*+')

1-/)' /#*,'& /-(#3 -4,!
)2. 03'& 2/#"#,'&
8
3+- 0
&
&

& &
0)2.2 "#,'/+- -.#/!'(# 4 /(,(

' +,-#,( 0 0)*/-+

&
&

&
'
'

'
/+-
"#,'
& '
& '

& '
&
&

&

4 1# "3'(# -.#/!'(# .-01(# 3#)1-/0)' ./-01-/

,(#%-3' #*#+#,1# ,4'3+- 3#)1-/'
MATEMATIKA 2
161
')%
/#"#,
1/-()

0)2.
8
1# "3'(# -.#/!'(# 66 '

66 ! ',' 3#)1-/0)' ./-01-/
1-+
./-01-/2 3/'(#"# 0*(#"#9! 03-(013
0-!'(1'3,-01 4 /(,(

MATEMATIKA 2
162
.9!#,'1- )- 02 , ,#)-+ 0)2.2

"#,'/,# -.#/!'(# 4 /(,( 3#)1-/ 66 ' +,-#,(
3#)1-/ 0)*/-+ 66 )-(# '+(2 ,3#"#, 03-
(013
-," (# 2/#"#,
1/-()

8
3#)1-/0)' ./-01-/ #*#+#,1# 0)2. ,4'3+3#)1-/'+
.-01-(,(# ,2* 3#)1-/

#)' ./'+(#/' 3#)1-/0)'& ./-01-/
.-01-(,(# 02./-1,-% 3#)1-/

3#)1-/0)' ./-01-/' 03'& 3#)1-/ ,
./3!2 2 /3,',' 2 ./-01-/2 /#"-+
)-+211'3,-01 4 /(,(

3#)1-/0)' ./-01-/' 03'&
+1/'! 1'.
," .-*(#+ -",-0,-
)-+.1' '*,-01 +,-#,( '*' )34'0-!'(1'3,-01

-"0(#1'+- 0#
"'01/' 21'3,-01 +,-#,( ./#+ 4 /(,(2 2

#)1-/'

02 *',#/,- 43'0,' )- .-01-(#
0)*/'

1)3' " (#

./' ! #+2 (# /#+ (#",
"'01/' 21'3,-01 +,-#,( ./#+ 4 /(,(2 2

.-0(#"-3,(# (#"','!#

MATEMATIKA 2
)- (#",)-01 3/'(#"' 0+- 4
-," 02 3#)1-/'

*',#/,- ,#43'0,'
163
MATEMATIKA 2
164
42
)2. *',#/,- ,#43'0,'& 3#)1-/

(# 4 3#)1-/0)-% ./-01-/ )- 0# 03)' 3#)1-/
+-# (#",-4,!,- ./')41' )- *',#/,
)-+ ',!'( 3#)1-/ '4

#) 02 &
&

&
'
'

'
3#)1-/0)-+ ./-01-/2 ,"*(# "#,'/+-
1,"/",' '*' #2)*'"0)' 0)*/,' ./-"2)1

&' &' & '
4 ,#)# 0)*/#

)0'+*, /-( *',#/,- ,#43'0,'& 3#)1-/ 2

,#)-+ 3#)1-/0)-+ ./-01-/2 (#",) (# "'+#,4'(' 1-%
./-01-/

4 3#)1-/0)-% ./-01-/ (# 0)2.

3)' 3#)1-/
'+ (#"',013#, ./')4 2 1-( 4'

& ' (
/-01-/ '+ "'+#,4'(2 1,"/",2 42 1-%
./-01-/ ! ',# 3#)1-/'

2)*'"0)2 ,-/+2 3#)1-/

& & &
2)*'"0)2 +#1/')2 2"*(#,-01

& '
#)1-/0)' ./-01-/ 2 )-(#+ 02 "#,'/,' #2)*'"0)'
0)*/,' ./-"2)1 #2)*'"0) ,-/+ ' #2)*'"0) +#1/')
,4'3+- #2)*'"0)' ./-01-/ ' -4,!3+- 0
. 4 03)' &
&

& 3/'(#"'
& & &
MATEMATIKA 2
165
#+')*# ,&#!" *#$)&' ),%&+
&!!"
#+')*# ,&#!" *#$)&' ),
%&+ (# $2,)!'( ! )-( 03)-+
0)*/2 '4 ./'"/22(# 1-!,- (#", 3#)1-/ '4 !
'*'

2- '!(#,- (# )-/'01'1'

" $ & $ ' $ ( $
& $
' $
( $ $

4-3#+- ) 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#
" $ /$ 3#)1-/0)#
$2,)!'(# (# 0)2. 2 ./-01-/2 )-(' -.'02(# 3/& /"'(3#)1-/

" $ & $ ' $ ( $
3#)1-/0)' (# ./-01-/ 0 4-+

" $ " $ " $ " $
166
)2.
" #/'+- 1-!)2

)2. 03'& 20+(#
/#,'& "2', '4 0 .-!#1,-+ 1-!)-+

!

#01(#
' 4
-4,)2
MATEMATIKA 2
$

$

)!%") #) 02
' *',#/,- ,#43'0,' 3#)1-/'
51- 02 %/$-3' 0*(#"#9!'& 3#)1-/0)'& $2,)!'(

" $
$
$

" $ $
$
$

" $ $ $ $
$
$

- (# $2,)!'(
$ $ & $

' $
( $

" $
2,)!'(# & $

' $ ' ( $ 4-3#+- *#$)& #'%('

&&+ 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#
" $
MATEMATIKA 2
167
MATEMATIKA 2
168
43
('%& 3# "#,'!'(# ' 13/",(# 2 "*(,(#+ 1#)012

,3-"'+- 4
,- -,# -.9!#,'1- 3/'(#"# %"(# 1'+ 0+'0* ' 4 ./-'43-*(, 0*2!(2

2+(#01-
" $ 1/# )-/'01'1' -4,)2 $

)!%") 4/!2,(
" $ )- (#

&!!"

#) (# 3#)1-/0) $2,)!'(
" $
"#,'/, ',1#/3*2 -0'+ +-" 2 1-!)' $

!%* 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#
" $ 2 1-!)' $ (# 3#)1-/

4 )-(' 3/'(#"'

" $

$$

1-+ 0*2!(2 .'7#+-
" $
')%
/#1.-013'+- " 4 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#

" $ ' 0)*/,2 $2,)!'(2 % $ .-01-(# *'+#0'
" $

$$
$$
$$

" $
" $

$$

&!!"
3#)1-/0)2 $2,)!'(2
" !
$ )- (#
)#+- " (# &()#!& , +'#!

" $
" $

" $

$$
$$
' $ '

" $
$$

" $
" $

& ' (
$$
% $
$$
" 3/'(#"'

" $
" $

$$

" $ & $ ' $ ( $
)- ' 0+- )- (#

& $ &

" $
$$
% $
" $
')%
#) 02 4",# 3#)1-/0) $2,)!'(
" (#

" $
$$
$$
32 "#,'!'(2 +-#+- 4.'01' , 0*(#"#9!' ,!',

03)' .-01-(' 1)3 " )- (#

$ $ -," (#
" $

' 3#)1-/
$

" $ $ $ $

#)1-/0) $2,)!'(
" $ (# &()#!& & !&+)-$,
)- (# ,#./#)'", 2 03)-( 1-!)' ',1#/3*
( $ (
$$
MATEMATIKA 2
169
)*# 3#)1-/0) $2,)!'( (# ,#./#)'", )- ' 0+)- 02 ,(#4',# )-+.-,#,1# ,#./#)'",#
/-(
/4*') 0)*/,' ' 3#)1-/0)' 2+,-) ,#./#)'",'& 3#)
1-/0)'& $2,)!'( 1)-"#/
8 02 ,#./#)'",# $2,)!'(#

&!!"
3#)1-/0)2 $2,)!'(2
" !
$ )- .-01-('
)#+- " (# )!-!$& , +'#!
3#)1-/

" $
" $ $

$
$
( 3#)1-/ ,4'3+- )!-!" -#+')*# ,&#!"

$ ' -4,!3+- 0
" , +'#!

" $
" $
" $ $

" $
$
$
$
MATEMATIKA 2
170

)- (#
" $ "#/'3 '*, , ',1#/3*2 -," "/2%2
"#/'3!'(2 "#,'/+- )- "#/'3!'(2 ./3# "#/'3!'(#
'7# "#/'3!'(# "#,'/+- ',"2)1'3,-

" $

" $
" $
" $
"*(# "#/'3!'( 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#

" $ & $ ' $ ( $
+-# 0# /!2,1' .-+-9!2 "#/'3!'( ,(#,'& )-+.-
,#,1' 1(
3/'(#"'

" $ & $ ' $ ( $

#+- "
" $ '+ "#/'3!'(2
" $ , ',1#/3*2

)- (# -, "#/'3 '*, 2 03)-( 1-!)' ',1#/3*
/'+(#1'+- " (# "#/'3!'( 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(# ' 0+
3#)1-/0) $2,)!'( '01-% /%2+#,1
,*-%,- )- ' )-" 0)*/,'& $2,)!'( "#,'/+- '

./3' !)&!"$ 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
171

" $

$
" $ $
$

& $ ' $ ( $ $

& $ ' $ ( $

" $
172
44

&!!"
#)1-/0) $2,)!'(
" ! (#
)!%") 3#)1-/0)2 $2,)!'(2

" $ $ $ $
-"/#"'+-

"

" $
" $
"-+#,2

" $
#$*

, -13-/#,-+ ',1#/3*2

)- 2 03)-( 1-!)' ',1#/3* $2,)!'(
" '+

,#./#)'",2 12 "#/'3!'(2
'7#+-
"

" $

" $
')%
#) 02 ",# $2,)!'(

" $ '
#) 02 ",# 3#)1-/0)# $2,)!'(#
" $

0)*/, $2,)!'( % $ "#/'3 '*,# , " 4 03)'
$ 3/'(#"# 0*(#"#9! 03-(013
%
./' ! #+2 (# % ' $2,)!'(

" !

" $
" $
" $
" $

% $
" $ % $
" $ % $
" $

" $
" $
" $
" $
" $

" $

" $
" $
" $
" $
" $

" $

" $

" $
173

" (# "#,'/, )-+.-4'!'(
" % '
3/'(#"'

" % $
" % $ % $

" $ & $ ' $ ( $
MATEMATIKA 2
$

)#+- " (# !&+)!$& , 0#%+#,12

)- 02
0)*/,# )-+.-,#,1# & $
' $ ' ( $ ',1#%/ '*,#
,
" "#,'/+-
)- (#
" $ ,#./#)'", 3#)1-/0) $2,)!'( '
# $
,(#, ()!%!+!-& ,&#!" , 1(
-, 4 )-(2
3/'(#"'

" $
# $

" $ $

& $ $

' $ $

174

" $ $
" $ $

&!!"
$2,)!'(2

"

$
" $ ' - /1,-

$
" $
4 ,#)'

)-,01,1, 3#)1-/

MATEMATIKA 2
%
$
-," (# 4

( $ $

" $ $
#
#
-'"*+- !&+)$ -#+')*#! ,&#!"

" $
" $ $

" $ $

" $ $

" $ $

MATEMATIKA 2

" $ $

" $ $

" $ $

" $ $
)!%") 4/!2,( ',1#%/*# 3#)1-/0)'& $2,)!'(

$
$ $

./' ! #+2 (#

$
$ $ $
)-,01,1,' 3#)1-/
175
MATEMATIKA 2
176
45
Denicija 3.11. Za krivulju
!# !' & !$%' % #'&

'-# ,' 7'-5134-# (60-%+,#
0'23'-+&0#
0# + 0'-# ,'

3#( 17' (60-%+,' ,' -3+76.,#

817' 4' "#%#(
3'&'0+
2#3
;
#'& &#.,0,'/ +8.#)#0,6 %< '/1 2#3#/'53+
8#%+,6 -3+76.,' 8#2+4+7#5+ 17#-1

...
r (t) = x (t) i + y (t) j + z (t) k ,
t [a, b] ,
kaemo da je jednostavna glatka krivulja ili

Jordanov luk ako vrijedi:
1.
r : [a, b] je bijekcija, tj. surjekcija i injekcija
( t1 = t2
r 1 (t) =
r 2 (t) ).
2. Derivacija
r (t) postoji i neprekidna je za svako
t [a, b] , tj.
r je klase C 1 (krivulja je glatka) .
3.
r (t) = 0 , za svako t [a, b] .
Tocke A = (x (a) , y (a) , z (a)) i B = (x (b) , y (b) , z (b))
zovemo rubne tocke krivulje .
Ako je A = B tj.
r (a) =
r (b) , onda krivulju
zovemo zatvorenom krivuljom.
+.+ 21 -1/210'05#/#

7' ,'&0#&$' 0#8+7#/1 "#%#$

-3+76.,'
r(t)
r(t)
r(a)
## #2+:+ ,'&06 2#3#/'53+8#%+,6 -3+76.,'

1&3'&'0'
-#1 23'4,'- 2.1*# +
;
MATEMATIKA 2
r(b)
r '(t)
a
t
177
MATEMATIKA 2
178
r(t1)
1
r(b)

# % #'&

'-# ,' 7'-5134-# (60-%+,#
&'0+3#0# 0#
3#( 5' (60-%+,' ,' 0'-# -3+76.,#
1451,' &7+,' 13+,'05#%+,' 5' -3+76.,'
r(t2)
Krivulja je po dijelovima Jordanov luk (po dijelovima jednostavna glatka krivulja) ako se sastoji
od Jordanovih lukova koji se nastavljaju jedan na
drugi i nema presjecanja. Dakle postoji skup tocaka
A, T1, T2, ...Tn, B na krivulji takav da su lukovi:

1, T
AT
1 T 2 , ... , Tn B Jordanovi lukovi.
Primjer. Provjerite da li je krivulja
r (t) = (a cos t) i + (a sin t) j + (bt) k ,
t [0, 2]
Jordanov luk.
,'&0# 4' &1$+7# )+$#,6<%+ 4' &6 1& 36$0' 51%-'

&1 36$0' 51%-'

68 45#.0+ 213#45
7#3+,#$.'
# &36)# )+$#,6<%+ 4' 1$3#501 1& 51%-'
&1 51%-'
68 45#.0+ 2#& 7#3+,#$.'
2371/ 4.6%#,6 -#'/1 &# ,'
-3+76.,# !# %# "!#$%! "#%#

# 6 &36)1/6 &# ,'
-3+76.,# !# %# "! "#%#

2371/ &36)1/ 4.6%#,6 -#'/1 &# ,'

"!%
# + &# ,'
# "!%
13+,'05+3#0' -3+76.,'
#-.' 6 ,'&01, 13+,'05#%+,+ +/#/1

,' +423'&
# 6 &36)1, +/#/1

MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
179

,' +423'&

180
46
!#&#7#0,'/ -3+76.,' 6 7'-5134-1/ 1$.+-6 2#3#
/'5#34-+ 6,'&01 ,' &#0# + 0,'0# 13+,'05#%+,# 7+,'

-3+76.,' -#1 4-6217+ 51%#-# /1)6 $+5+ ,'&0#-+ #.+ 46
10' 3#8.+%+5' #-1 46 +/ 13+,'05#%+,' 3#8.+%+5'

&#0# ,' ,'&0# 13+,'05#%+,# -360+%' -1,# 1&)17#3# 13+
,'05#%+,+ 46231501 -3'5#0,6 -#8#.,-' 0# 4#56 # 4#

#&# %< '/1 &#5+ !%#$& %#"#%&

&'3+7#%+,' 7'-5134-' (60-%+,'
6 51%-+
## #

'-# ,' ).#5-# -3+76.,# 6 23145136 8#&#0# ,'&
0#&$1/

13+,'05#%+,# 23'/# -3'5#0,6 -#8#.,-' 0# 4#56
1 &'0+%+,+ ,'

-1 ,'
10&# 8# &171.,01 /#.+ ,'

$.+86 + 7'-513 23+3#45# (60-%+,'
,'

#, 7'-513 ,' 7'-513 4/,'3# 4'-#05' &#0' -3+76.,'

#& 7'-513
4'

23+$.+#7# 7'-5136 4/,'3# 5#0)'05' 6 51%-+ 4
3#&+,7'-5131/

MATEMATIKA 2
181

3#0+%0+ 7'-513 ,' # 10 0'/# 4/,'3 2# 6/,'451
7'-513# 3#8/#53#/1 0,'/6 2#3#.'.#0 7'-513

21 23'52145#7%+ 0+,' 5#, 4' 7'-513 /1' 68'5+
8# 7'-513 4/,'3# 5#0)'05' 0# -3+76.,6 6 51%-+

-1 ,'
10&# ,'&+0+%0+ 7'-513

+ 0'-# ,'
&'3+7#$+.0# '-513
#-1 0+,'

,' '%!# $# % % #'&& 6 51%-+

'&0#&$# % % ,'
MATEMATIKA 2

+.+ 6 -#0104-1/ 1$.+-6

'-# ,' &#0# -3+76.,#

182
+.+ 21 -1/210'05#/#

6&6<%+ &# 0,')17 .+/'4

MATEMATIKA 2
0#8+7#/1 '%!# % % 6 51%-+

## &3'&+ ,'&0#&$6 5#0)'05' 0# -3+76.,6

6 51%-+

183
MATEMATIKA 2
184
47

6&6<%+ &# ,' 7'-513 ,'&+0+%0+ 0,')17# 4' &6.,+0#
0' /+,'0,# /1' 4' /+,'0,#5+ 4#/1 0,')17 4/,'3
'3+7+3#/1 .+ ,'&0#-145

&1$+7#/1

#-.'
,' 3#&+,7'-513 21.1#,# 5' 51%-' 6
53'065-6 #-10 0'-1) 73'/'0# 0,'0 21.1#, ,'

1&3'&'0
; 3#&+,7'-5131/ +$#0,' /#5'3+
,#.0' 51%-' 21 -3+76.,+ 1& ,'&01) &1 &36)1) 21.1#,#

6 73'/'06 #231-4+/+3#/1 ,'&01.+-+/ )+$#0,'/ 21
421,0+%+ 5+* &7#,6 21.1#,# '-513

8014 7'-513# 0#/ 21-#86,' -1.+-1 4' $381

/+,'0,# 4/,'3 5#0)'05' 6 /,'36 0#8+7#/1 (
#' !$% #'& 6 &#01, 51%-+ + 180#%#7#/1
4#

'0+3#/1 + '%!# ' !#

817'/1 $# #( 51%-' 5+,'-1/ 73'
/'0# 23'7#.,'0+ 26573+,'/' 3#0+%06 73+,'&0145

.+/'4 43'&0,' $38+0' -#&

817'/1 #( 51%-' & %# &%&

/,'3 7'-513# 1&#$+3'/1 5#-1 &# ,'
MATEMATIKA 2
'-# 4' /#5'3+,#.0# 51%-# )+$# 6 73'/'06 21 0'-1,

-3+76.,+ 6 23145136 8#&#01, ,'&0#&$1/

#-.'
10#%01 &#,/1 + ( & %#"#%& &'3+7#%+,'

7'-5134-' (60-%+,'
6 51%-+
185
# /#5'3+,#.0' 51%-' 6 53'065-6 &'0+3#

4' -#1 &'3+7#%+,# $38+0' 21 73'/'06

MATEMATIKA 2
186
& & #'&

6.,+06 .6-# -3+76.,' &'0+3#5 %< '/1 21/1<%6 21.+)1
0#.0' .+0+,' 62+4#0' 6 56 -3+76.,6

'-# 46 2#3#/'5#34-' ,'&0#&$' -3+76.,'

873:+/1 21&,'.6 4')/'05#

0# 21&4')/'0#5# &6.,+0'

60-%+,1/

23'014+/1 21&,'.6 4')/'05# 0# .6-

3+51/ ,'

8# 1'/1 -#8#5+ &# 4/1 62+4#.+

21.+)10 6 -3+76.,6 8$131/ 3#8.+%+5+* 21&,'.# 4')
/'05# &1$+7#/1 3#8.+%+5' 21.+)10' 6.,+0#

21.+)10#.0' .+0+,' ,' /#0,# +.+ ,'&0#-# &6.,+0+ .6-#
-3+76.,' 951 ,' 21&,'.# 4')/'05# 0+,# 51 ,' +
MATEMATIKA 2
187
MATEMATIKA 2
188
48
21.+)10#.0# .+0+,# 7'<%' &6.,+0' + $1.,' #231-4+/+3#

-3+76.,6
&#.,'0145 51%#-# + ,'

!$3#,#0,'/ 5+* 6&#.,'0145+ &1$+7#/1 #231-4+/#%+,6
&6.,+0' .6-# -3+76.,'

-1 ,' -3+76.,# 13&#017 .6- 10&# ,' (60-%+,#

0'23'-+&0# + 21451,+ 0,'8+0 +05')3#. +/' 4/1
&1-#8#.+ 4.,'&'<%+ 5'13'/
!#
-1 ,' 13&#017 .6- 4 2#3#/'53+8#%+
,1/

130,# 46/# 7+&+ &'5#.,' 6 #5 "2&(

,' +05')3#.0# 46/# (60-%+,'

10&# ,' 0,')17# &6.,+0#

2# #-1 ,' 5# (60-%+,# +05')3#$+.0# 0# 4')/'056

&6.,+06 .6-# &1$+7#/1 6 )3#0+%01/ 4.6%#,6 -#&

MATEMATIKA 2
189
"! 6.,+0# .6-# -3+76.,' 0' 17+4+ 1 2#3#/'
53+8#%+,+ 0+ 1 21&,'.+ 4')/'05#

-1 ,' )&,' 46 13&#017+
.6-17+ 5#&# ,'

MATEMATIKA 2
## &3'&+ &6.,+06 .6-# ,'&01) 8#71,# 42+3#.'

3#( (60-%+,'

,' 3#70+04-# -3+76.,# -1,6 /1'/1 23+-#8#5+ -#1 7'-
5134-6 (60-%+,6

7# -3+76.,# ,' 13&#017 .6- -#-1 4/1 51 21-#8#.+ 6

,'&01/ 3#0+,'/ 23+/,'36 2# ,' &6.,+0# .6-#

190

-1 ,' &'3+7#$+.0# (60-%+,# 10&# ,' &6.,+0# .6-#

0#& 4')/'051/

# 171 ,' 623#71 2180#5# (13/6.# +8 #5'/#5+-' 8#

3#%60#0,' &6.,+0' .6-#
MATEMATIKA 2
191
MATEMATIKA 2
192
49
'(-* % 1"'/+-.' ,+(&
"*% %&
#06, 50
'@,6? 1?96.45?

! B:@08: @06>:<=6:8 1?96.45:8 474 1"'
/+-.'%) ,+(&") *06>:<=6: ;:750 :B9,.,@,8: =,
%:5,8 ;:75, ?@0: 50 4<=64 8,>08,>4.,< ,847>:9
? =@0B4 =, ;<:8,><,9508 B46,7943 @074.49, ?

0706><4.948
8,290>=648
2<,@4>,.45=648 4 /<?248
;:7548,

)
*
+ )
*
+ )
*
+ )
*
+
'6,7,<9, 4 @06>:<=6, ;:75, =? ? -4>4 /<?24 9,B4@ B,

=6,7,<90 4 @06>:<=60 1?96.450
"*% %&
#06, 50
'@,6? 1?96.45?
B:@08: =6,7,<9:8 1?96.45:8 474 .'(-*%)
,+(&")
%<4850<4 =6,7,<943 ;:75, =?
>08;0<,>?<, >4507,

)
*
+ )
*
+
%<4850<4 @06>:<=643 ;:75, =?

2<,@4>,.45=6: ;:750 >:.6,=>0 8,=0
!

0706><4.9: ;:750 >:.6,=>:2 9,-:5, #
!

8,290>=6: ;:750
;:750 -<B49, 9060 >06?F.490 474
;749,
;:750 =47,
@06>:<=60 1?96.450 =6,7,<9:2 ,<2?809>, 4B ;<0>3:/9:2
:/50756, =? ;:=0-,9 =7?.,5 @06>:<=643 ;:75,
2/50 50
49>0<@,7

2?=>:F., >06?F.490

)
*
+ )
*
+
>7,6 " B<,6,
"
2/50 =?

6:8;:909>0 474
6::</49,>90 1?96.450 =6,7,<9, ;:75,
-%)&"-

& & & & 50 @06>:<=6, 1?96.45,
;:750 50/90 @,<45,-70
)
*
+ " )
*
+
)
*
+ ) * + 50 =6,7,<9: ;:750 ><45?
@,<45,-74
MATEMATIKA 2
193

)
* ) * )* 50 @06>:<=6: ;:750
/@45? @,<45,-74

)
*
+ ) * + ) * +
50 @06>:<=6: ;:750 ><45? @,<45,-74
%,<.45,790 /0<4@,.450 @06>:<=6:2 ;:75, =0 /094<,5? =0
;:>;?9: ,9,7:29: ;,<.45,7948 /0<4@,.45,8, =6,7,<9:2
;:75, <0,790 1?96.450 @4D0 @,<45,-74 4 =@:/0 =0 9, ;,<
.45,790 /0<4@,.450 9502:@43 6:8;:909>4

)
*
+

) )
*
+
)
*
+
)
)
)

)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+
)
)
)
MATEMATIKA 2
4 ,9,7:29: =0 /094<, 4
194

+

)
*
+

)
*
+ +
)
*
+
+
+
+

)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+
+
+
+
-%)&"- $/<0/4 ;,<.45,790 /0<4@,.450

=6,7,<9:2 ;:75, )
*
+ )* +

@06>:<=6:2 ;:75,
)
* )* * )*

)
*
+
)
* *
+
)
*
+
*
*
*

)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+
*
*
*
MATEMATIKA 2
195
MATEMATIKA 2
196
50
-!%&"*/ !%1"-$"* %& % -+/ %&

$@/50 .F 08: /094<,>4 ><4 7490,<9, :;0<,>:<,
90:;3:/9,
B, 8,>08,>4.6: :;4=4@,950 >08075943 B4.643 B,6:9,
8,>0<45,79:2 =@450>, ? 6:508 4@48: &,/4 =0 ? -4>4
: 50/9:8 :;0<,>:<? . 450 =0 /507:@,950 :.4>?50 9, ><4
9,.49, :@4=9: : :-506>48, 9, 6:50 /507?50

"*% %&
#06, =? 4
!

<0/:8 =6,7,<9: 4 @06>:<=6: ;:750
>0 906, =?
:-, /410<09.45,-479,
-!%&"*/+) =6,7,<9:2 ;:75, 9,B4@,8: @06>:<=6:
;:750 ! /094<,9: =,

)
*
+
>5 B, =@,64 )
*
+

)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+

)
*
+
197

%<4850>48: /,
/:;?D>, 1:<8,794 B,;4= ?
:-746? /0>0<849,9>0

) * +
) * +
) * +

)
*
+
>5 B, =@,64 )
*
+

!
)
*
+
) )
*
+ * )
*
+ + )
*
+

)
*
+

+/ %&+) @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,
9,B4@,8: @06>:<=6:

;:750 ! /094<,9: =,

) +
* )
+ *

*
+
+
)
)
*
MATEMATIKA 2
198
-%)&"-
$/<0/4 2<,/4509> =6,7,<9:2 ;:75,

) *
)
*
+
? >:.64
+

$/<0/4 /4@0<209.45? 4 <:>,.45? @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,

)
*
+ ) )* +
):.48: =750/0F.0
2<,/4509> 50 1?96.45, /094<,9, 9, =6?;? =@43

/410<09.45,-47943 =6,7,<943 ;:75, = @<450/9:=>48, ?
=6?;? @06>:<=643 ;:75,
/4@0<209.45, 50 1?96.45, /094<,9, 9, =6?;? =@43
/410<09.45,-47943 @06>:<=643 ;:75, = @<450/9:=>48, ?
=6?;? =6,7,<943 ;:75,
<:>,.45, 50 1?96.45, /094<,9, 9, =6?;? =@43 /410<09
.45,-47943 @06>:<=643 ;:75, = @<450/9:=>48, ? 4=>:8
=6?;?
MATEMATIKA 2

!

>5 B, =@,64 )
*
+

+ )
*
+ * )
*
+

)
*
+
*
+

) )
*
+ + )
*
+

+
)

* )
*
+ ) )
*
+

)
*
)
*
+
MATEMATIKA 2

%1"-$"* %&+) @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,
9,B4@,8:

=6,7,<9: ;:750 ! /094<,9: =,
199

$ ) * + ;:750 <,/45 @06>:<,
6: 50
/:6,4 /, 50

!
$
4

$

,670
@06>:<=6: ;:750
$ 50 "21-/(+*+ (,6:
9,B4@,8: =@,6: @06>:<=6: ;:750 . 45, 50 <:>,.45,

50/9,6, *06>:<=6: ;:750 . 45, 50 /4@0<209.45,
50/9,6, 9,B4@,8: .+("*+%!(*+
MATEMATIKA 2
200
51
<,/4509>
/4@0<209.45, 4 <:>,.45, 8:2? =0 :;4=,>4
=,8: 50/948 :;0<,>:<:8
+9,6:8 .4>,8: 9,-7, :B9,.48: >B@ )%(/+*+1
!%#"-"* %&(*% +,"-/+- 1:<8,794 @06>:<

)
*
+
70/,8: 74 9, 6,: 9, :;0<,>:< /094<,9 9, @06
>:<=6:8 ;<:=>:<? =@43 /410<09.45,-47943 =6,7,<943
@06>:<=643 ;:75, ;:5,@75?5? =0 =750/0F.0 8:2?F.9:=>4

/507:@,950 :;0<,>:<, 9, =6,7,<9: ;:750

!

1:<8,794 =6,7,<94 ?89:,6 4 @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,

1:<8,794 @06>:<=64 ?89:,6 4 @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,

*,9, 50 . 495094., /, 50 :;0<,>:< 7490,<,9 ? =@,6:5

:/ 9,@0/0943 49>0<;<0>,.45,
>5 /, @<450/4 :@,5 >0:<08
MATEMATIKA 2
201
"+-")
#06, =?

/410<09.45,-479, =6,7,<9, ;:75,

$ 6:9=>,9>9: =6,7,<9:
;:750

/410<09.45,-479,
1?96.45, 4
(,/, 50

$
"+-")
#,-7, 50 7490,<94 :;0<,>:<
>5 B, -47:
6:5, /@, /410<09.45,-479, =6,7,<9, ;:75,

-47: 6:5, /@, /410<09.45,-479, @06>:<=6, ;:75,

4 -47: 6:5, /@, -<:5,

!
@<450/4

+'2 :6,48: 9;< >@</95?

*
+
)
) * +
)
*
+

)
)

) * +

) * +

*
*

+
+
202
"+-") #06, 50 /0<4@,-479, <0,79,

1?96.45, (,/, B, 2<,/4509> <,/45,79:2 ;:75, $

$
@<450/4
$ ) * +
$ $

$

$
+'2 %<@: ;<4850>48: /, @<450/4

. 48 50
$

+'2 (@</950 =? 4B<,@9, ;:=750/4., /094.450

2<,/4509>, %<48450>48: /, 50 >@</95, 4=>: D>: 4
(0:<08
MATEMATIKA 2

MATEMATIKA 2

) * +

)
$
*
+

$

$
$
$
$
;, 50 ;<08, =@:5=>@? (0:<08,
$ $ $ $
203
MATEMATIKA 2

$

$
204
52

"+-")
#06, =?

!

/410<09.45,-479, @06>:<=6, ;:75,

/410<09

.45,-479, =6,7,<9, ;:75,

6:9=>,9>9: @06>:<=6: ;:750
4
(,/, 50

!

!
!
!

!
+, /:6,B >@</950 6:<4=>4> .F 08: 1:<8,794 <,.?9 ;:

8:F.? :;0<,>:<, 4 4/09>4>0>0

!,6: 50 /410<09.45,794 :;0<,>:<
9, B,/,94 4B<,B ;<@:
;<4850948: ;<,@47: : /0<4@,.454 ;<:/?6>, %<4>:8 ;:/
.><,@,8: ;:75, 9, 6:5, :;0<,>:< 90 /507?50 ,670

!

!

!

!

/@,;?> /410<09.45,-479:
;<4 . 08? 50
!
>B@ ,( "+1 !%#"-"* %&(*% +,"-/+- /07>,
>5

)
*
+

!

/@,;?> /410<09.
67,=0
+'2 (@</950 =7450/0 90;:=<0/9: 4B /094.450 /4

@0<209.450 %<48450>48: /, =0 >@</95, ;:/?/,<, =
:9:8 4B (0:<08,
MATEMATIKA 2
205

) * +

)
*
+
MATEMATIKA 2
206
)
*
+ )* +

)
*
+ ) * +
)
*
+

)
*
+
)
)
*
*
+
+

(@</95, /:6,B?50 =0 =74.9: 6,: 4 >@</95,

:6,4>0 =,84 1:<8,7948 <,.?9:8 ;:8:F.? :;0<,
>:<, 4<06>9:
;<48509:8 /094.450 /4@0<209.450
48,8:
-%)&"- $/<0/4 ",;7,.0 =6,7,<943 ;:75, B,/,943 =,
) * +

!

)
*
+
2/50 =8: ><0F.? 50/9,6:=> /:-474 4B /<?20 .4674.6:8 B,

8509:8 ? ;<@:8 850D:@4>:8 ;<:/?6>? 4 ,.4674.6:8
B,8509:8 ? /<?2:8 850D:@4>:8 ;<:/?6>?
) * +

)
*
+

!

)* +
$ =10<9,
6::</49,>,

)* +

) * +
)* + )* + )* +

)
*
+
)
)* + ) + * +

)
*
+

(@</95, =7450/4 4B B,

%<4 /:6,B4@,95? >@</950 /4<06>9: 4B /094.450
<:>,.450 4 /4@0<209.450 ><0-, ;<4845094>4 '.3A,<B:@
>0:<08 :6,4>0 >,6: =,84 :<8,7948 <,.?9:8
@06>:<=60 ,720-<0 :/8,3 -4=8: >: /:-474
)* +
)*
+
=6,7,<9: ;:750

!

MATEMATIKA 2
207
MATEMATIKA 2
208
53

$

) * +
) * +

)
-%)&"- $;F.094>: B, ;<:4B@:759? <,/45,79? 1?96.45?

$
$ ) * + 48,8:

) * + ) * +

*
+

)
*
+

) ) * + * ) * + + ) * +
* +

) +

) *

) * +
) * +
) * +

) * +

) * + ) * +
) * + $
$ ! $
209
-%)&"- %:>09.45,7 0706><4.9:2 ;:75, ;:B4>4@9:2

>:.6,=>:2 9,-:5, =850D>09:2 ? 4=3:/4D>? ? 906:5
>:.64 )
*
+ <,/45@06>:<,
4B9:=4

MATEMATIKA 2
210

B<,.?9,58: 4 /4@0<209.45? 0706><4.9:2 ;:75, ? >:.64

(8

! $

$
$

$

(8

$

$ !

$
$

$

$

$ $
$

$
$

$
B<,.?9,58: 2<,/4509> >:2 =6,7,<9:2 ;:75,

$

$

$

$
! $
$
$
$
$ $ $
$

$

$
$
$

! !

$ ) * + $
$

$
(8

$

!
$

$
$
(8

$
!
$

$
$

$
$
$

$

$
$
$

MATEMATIKA 2
(8

$

$
$ $
$
,670
B, 0706><4.9: ;:750 ;:B4>4@9:2 >:.6,=>:2 9,-:5,

? 906:5 >:.64 )
*
+ 48,8:

;, 50 :9: ,+/"* %&(*+ ,+(&"

$;F.094>: B, @06>:<=6: ;:750
! 6,08: /,
50 ,+/"* %&(*+ ,6: ;:=>:54 =6,7,<9: ;:750

>,6@: /, 50
474

MATEMATIKA 2
211
MATEMATIKA 2
212
54
"+-") %:/ 4=>48 ;<0>;:=>,@6,8, 6,: ?

(0:<08?
?B /:/,>9? ;<0>;:=>,@6? /, =?

@06>:<=6: ;:750
4 =6,7,<9: ;:750 67,=0 9,
@<450/4

!
!

+'2 %:6?D,5>0 =,84 /:6,B,>4 :@0 >@</950

%<48450>48: /, 50 >@</95, 4=>: D>: 4 >@</95, ?
(0:<08? 4<06>9: 4B /094.450 <:>,.450 4
2<,/4509>,
;<48509:8 '.3A,<B:@, >0:<08, /:-4
@,8:

;, >@</95, =7450/4 4B B,

;<4 . 08? =?

) * +
)
*
+

4 =74.9: >:80 9:@4 /410<09.45,794 :;0<,>:<4

,+)"* (@</95? ? (0:<08? 8:08:

:@,6: 9,;4=,>4

!

>0 >480 /:-4>4 :/2:@:< 9, ;4>,950 D>: 50 2<,/4509>

=6,7,<9:2 ;:75,
6:50 50 /4@0<209.45, @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,

;:=0-9:

!

MATEMATIKA 2
213
MATEMATIKA 2
,+)"* 410<09.45,794 :;0<,>:<

) * +
)
*
+

)
)
*
*
*
)
*
+
)
*
+
)
)
*
+
)
*
+
=3@,F.,8: 6,: =6,7,<

;, :9 8:0 /507:@,>4 4 9,
@06>:<=6: 4 =6,7,<9: ;:750 8,8:
)

,6: 50 /410<09.45,-479: =6,7,<9: ;:750 :9/, 50

) * +
)
*
+
)
214
)
+
+
+
*
+
)
*
+
) * +
) ) )

+

*
+

)
*
+

,6: 50 )
*
+ /410<09.45,-479: @06>:<=6:
;:750 :9/, 50

)
*
+

) * +
)
*
+
)

*
) * +
* * *
) * +
+ + +

*
+

)
*
+

*

+

)

)

*

+
MATEMATIKA 2
215
MATEMATIKA 2
216
55

=;4D08: 74 ;<06: 6:8;:909>4 @06>:<,
% 4 6::</4
9,>, >:.,6, 4
.)&"-"* !"-%1 %& .'(-*+$ ,+(&

#,5;<450 .F 08: /094<,>4 ?=850<09? /0<4@,.45?
=6,7,<9:2 ;:75, ? =850<? 906:2 @06>:<,
#06, 50
4 =6,7,<9: ;:750 $/,

-0<48: )
*
+ 4
% 50/494.94 @06>:< =
;:.0>6:8 ? >:.64

% %) %* %+

%
6:
% 9450 50/494.94 @06>:< ?B808:

%

%

50/494.94 @06>:< ? =850<? @06>:<, %
#06, >:.6, 704 9, B<,.4 ;:7?;<,@.? :/<0/09:5
E

>:.6:8 4 @06>:<:8
%
>5 906, 50

%

%
MATEMATIKA 2

2/50 50
%
217
MATEMATIKA 2
&

%

%

50/494.94 @06>:< @06>:<,
%
218

%)
%*
%+
)
*
+

%

<:5
% 50 4B9:= ;<:506.450 @06>:<,

9, @06>:<
%
, 4B9:= >0 ;<:506.450

;<:85090 ;:75, ? =850<? @06>:<,
%

%
9,5@0F.4 50 B,
, >480 4
&

%
%<48509:8 ;<,@47, B, /0<4@4<,950 6:8;:B4.450 1?96.45,

;:75, 4B 50/9,6:=>4 /:-4@,8:

&
%

) &%)

* &%*

)
&
*
&
&
&

+ &%+

+
&
&
MATEMATIKA 2
)
*
+ )
*
+

)
*
+

*

%

%
$@: @06>:<=6: ;:750 =@,6:8 & ;<4/<??50 906?

=, 4
>:.6? =, B<,60 :/<0/090
%
E

&,B8,><,8: 6:8;:B4.45? '

& ) &%)

* &%*
+ &%+

"+-") #06, 50 /0<4@,-479: =6,7,<9:

;:750 4
% @06>:< (,/, @<450/4

+'2 #06, 50
%

% %) %* %+ 4

#06, 50 '
@06>:<=6: ;:750 /094<,9:
=,

' & ) &%)
* &%*
+ &%+
7,6: ?:.,@,8: /, 50 ;,<.45,79, /0<4@,.45, =6,7,<9:2

;:75, =,8: 50/,9 ;:=0-,9 =7?.,5 950943 ?=850<0943
/0<4@,.45,

#,480
B,
% 48,8: %) %+
%*

$ >:80 6,6: .F 08: <,.?9,>4 ?=850<09? /0<4@,.45?

2:@:<4 9,8 =750/0F.4 >0:<08
"*% %& "-%1 %& .'(-*+$ ,+(&

0 /+ '% 0 .)&"-0 1"'/+-
% 50
2<,94.9, @<450/9:=> ,6: ;:=>:54

) %)
* %*
+ %+ )
*
+

%

$.4>: 50

) %)
* %*
+ %+
219

!,/ B, 6,6,@
% 50 >,5 4B9:= ;<:506.450 9,58,954
!,/ 50 >,5 4B9:= ;<:506.450 50/9,6 9?74
!,6: >: 49>0<;<0>4<,8: '64.4<,5 =@0 =7?.,50@0
,670
4B ;<0>3:/9:2 >0:<08, =7450/4 /, =6,7,<9:

;:750 9,5-<0 <,=>0 ? =850<? D>: 2, :/<0/?50

E
:/9:=9:
/, 9,5-<0 ;,/, ? =850<? D>: 2, :/<0/?50
E

<?248 <450.48,
,+'20&" .)&"- *&-"
,-+)&"*" =6,7,<9:2, ;:75, C>:@4D0
2<,/4509> =0
>480 8:0 4 :6,<,6>0<4B4<,>4
MATEMATIKA 2
220
56
"+-") #06, 50

/410<09.4
5,-479: =6,7,<9: ;:750 (,/, 50 2<,/4509> >:2, ;:75, ?
=@,6:5 >:.64 )
*
+ :6:84> 9, <,B49=6? 94@:
;7:3? >:2 ;:75, 6<:B >:.6?
, /?7549, 8? 50 50/9,6,
,;=:7?>9:5 @<450/9:=>4 ;<4;,/90 ?=850<090 /0<4@,.450
%<0.4B9450
-%)&"- B<,.?9,58: /0<4@,.45? =6,7,<9:2, ;:75,
)
*
+ )
*
+ ) *+

? >:.64

? =850<?
%
%: (0:<08? 4B
)
*
+

)
+
*

%

%

%

)
*
+

9:<8,7, 9, <,B49=6? 94@: ;7:3?
;<4 . 08? 50
)
*
+ )
*
+
+'2 $/,-0<48: -47: 6:5? >:.6? )
*
+
0/9,/-, ;<4;,/90 <,B49=60 ;7:30 50
)
*
+ )
*
+
D>: ;:@7,.4
/:-4@,8: /, 50 ><,09, ?=850<09, /0<4@,.45,

50/9,6,

%
)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+
)
*
+

%

%

)
*
+
$

;<4 . 08?
$ :B9,.,@, @06>:<

) * + )
*
+
MATEMATIKA 2
221
?/?F.4 /, ;<,>48: B-4@,950 9, <,B49=6:5 ;7:34 ? >:.64

>:
$ =84508: >?8,.4>4 6,: 4994>0B48,794 ;:8,6
? 950B49:5 >,9209.45,79:5 <,@9494 6<:B >:.6? %<08,
>:80
MATEMATIKA 2
,+)"* %:8:F.? (0:<08, 7,6: 50 4B<,.?9,>4

50/494.94 9:<8,794 @06>:< 9, <,B49=6? ;7:3? =6,7,<9:2
;:75, #,480
B, =@,6? >:.6? )
*
+ @<450/4
)
*
+

)
*
+

)
*
+
$
B9,.4 /, 50 )
*
+ :6:84> 9, >? >,209.45,79?
<,@949?
>5 9, ;<:8,><,9? <,B49=6? ;7:3? 6<:B >:.6?

/,670
;,<,707,9 = ;<4;,/948 9:<8,7948 @06>:<:8

;, 50
'7450/4 )
*
+
-%)&"- B<,.?9,58: 50/494.94 9:<8,794 @06>:< 9,

;7:3? + )* ? >:.64

'84508: ;<0>;:=>,@4>4 /, 50 ;<:8,><,9, ;7:3, + )*
906, <,B49=6, ;7:3, )
*
+ 906:2 =6,7,<9:2
;:75,

(,6: /:-4@,8:

)
*
+

)
*
+ )* +
%: (0:<08? 50
;, 50
)
*
+

)
*
+

*
)

D>: :9/, /,50
)
*
+
MATEMATIKA 2
222
4
9,;:6:9

)
*
+

223
MATEMATIKA 2
224
57
.)&"-"* !"-%1 %& 1"'/+-.'+$ ,+(&

9,7:29: ;<0>3:/948 <,B8,><,9548,
/094<,> .F 08: 4
?=850<09? /0<4@,.45? @06>:<=6:2 ;:75, ? =850<? 906:2
@06>:<,
#06, =? =@0 :B9,60 6,: 4 ? ;<0>3:/9:8 :/50756?

>5 906, 50
4
( ! @06>:<=6: ;:750
)
*
+ 4

% %) %* %+
) %)
* %*
+ %+

( )
*
+

(
( ) %)
* %*
+ %+

%
9,7:29: (0:<08? 8:0 =0 ;:6,B,>4 6,6: =0
<,.?9, ?=850<09, /0<4@,.45, @06>:<=6:2 ;:75,
50/494.94 @06>:< = ;:.0>6:8 ? >:.64

>0 906, 50

%

474 ;<06: 6:8;:909>4 @06>:<,
% 4 6::</49,>, >:.,6,
4
"+-") #06, 50
>5 >:.6, 50 906, >:.6, 9, B<,.4 ;:7?;<,@.?

:/<0/09:5
>:.6:8 4 @06>:<:8
% ?/,7509, B, :/
E
>:.60

( )
*
+ () )
*
+ (* )
*
+ (+ )
*
+

/0<4@,-479: @06>:<=6: ;:750 9,

% %) %* %+
50/494.94 @06>:< 4 (,/, @<450/4

(

%
"*% %& "-%1 %& 1"'/+-.'+$ ,+(&

( ! 0 /+ '% 0 .)&"-0 1"'/+-
% 50
2<,94.9, @<450/9:=> ,6: ;:=>:54
%)
225
) 50/9,6:=>4 ?B074 =8: ? :-B4< /, /410<09.45,794

:;0<,>:< /507?50 =,8: 9, ;:75, 1?96.450 6:50 =0
9,7,B0 /0=9: :/ 9502, ,670
MATEMATIKA 2
226

)
*
+
( )
*
+ *+
+)
)*

6:
% 9450 50/494.94 @06>:<
:9/, ? 2:<9508 4B<,B?

%
?850=>:
,670
@<450/4
% =>,@48:
%

%

(

%
(

%

? >:.64

? =850<?
%

?/?F.4 /, 50
%
;: (0:<08?
/:-4@,8:

(

(

%

%

(

(
(

)
*
+

-%)&"- )=850<09, /0<4@,.45, <,/45@06>:<,

$ ) * +

? =850<? -47: 6:502 50/494.9:2 @06>:<,
% %) %* %+
50

$

$

$

$

%
%*
%+
%) %* %+
%)

)
*
+
%
MATEMATIKA 2

(

(

(
%*
%+

)
*
+
-%)&"-
B<,.?9,58: /0<4@,.45? @06>:<=6:2, ;:75,

()
()
()

%*
%+

%)
)
*
+

(*
(*
(*
(+
(+
(+

%)
%*
%+
%)
%*
%+

)
*
+
)
*
+

(

%

%
(

(
(
(

%
MATEMATIKA 2

(
%) %* %+
)
*
+
227

+
* +

) *
)

+ *
+ )
* )

MATEMATIKA 2
228
58
#'& %#
#'& %# "#' '#$%

(.$ -( 9$'$1 24'$128 /7. 8,', (1,&,-7
582-20 3$4$0(64,9$&,-20
4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ -( 1$ 1(., 1$&,1 3223=&(1-(

2'4('(12*
,16(*4$/$ 1$ 5(*0(167 1$
<
2'4('(1,
,16(*4$/ 32 .4,87/-, 9$'$12- 2'*28$4$
<
-7=&20 3$4$0(64,9$&,-20

% ' * ' + ' , ' !
2562-( '8,-( 8456( .4,87/-12* ,16(*4$/$

9$ 5.$/$41$ 32/-$
'
, 1(.$ -( 1$ 1-(07 9$'$12 5.$/$412 32/-( )71.&,-$

!$'$ -( '2%42 '(1,4$1$ .20329,&,-$
9$ 8(.6245.$ 32/-$

%

'
% ' *' +' ,'
.2-$ -( 4($/1$ )71.&,-$ -('1( 8$4,-$%/( 1$ 5(*0(167

$'$/-(
.$.2 -(
% ' *' + ' , ' '
21'$ -(

% '

*' + ' , '
'
3$ -( 7012$. )71.&,-$

'
% '
% '
6-

' *' +' ,' *' + ' , '
MATEMATIKA 2
229
MATEMATIKA 2
'
230
4($/1$ )71.&,-$ -('1( 8$4,-$%/( 1$ 5(*0(167
Ova posljednja oznaka ima smisla jer za diferencijal

dv elementa luka krivulje vrijedi

(.$ -( 24'$128 /7. 9$'$1 3$4$
0(64,9$&,-20
$
dv = k
u 0(w)k dw=

% ' * ' + ' , ' !
'
ds
r'(t) dt
, 1(.$ -( 1$ 1-(07 9$'$12 5.$/$412 32/-( )71.&,-$

.2 -( 4($/1$ )71.&,-$ -('1( 8$4,-$%/(
' *' +' ,'
*' + ' , '
'
,16(*4$%,/1$
21'$ 34,3$'1, 2'4('(1,
,16(*4$/
<

*' +' ,'

*' + ' , ' '

% '
% ' '
Naime, ako su W0> W 5 K bliske tocke na luku krivulje

$
$
K s radijvektorima
u (w0) i
u (w0 + {w) redom, pri
c emu je {w dovoljno malen, onda duljinu {v dijela
krivulje (luka) K izmedu
W0 i W moemo aproksimirati
sa g (W0> W ) = Dakle imamo
$
$
$
{v g (W0> W ) = k
u (w0 + {w)
u (w0)k k
u 0(w0)k {w=
Napomena 1. Krivuljni integral prve vrste moemo
interpretirati kao masu krivulje po kojoj je gustoca
promjenjiva (nehomogene tanke ice). Ako skalarno
polje i predstavlja linijsku gustocu ice, onda djelic
ice duljine {vl ima masu
1$9,8$02 %#! $# ! "! "!

#'& ,/, #'& %#! "#' '#$% ,
291$&$8$02 5

&
{pl i ({l> |l> }l){vl.
MATEMATIKA 2
231
MATEMATIKA 2
232
59
.4,87/-( .$2 325/-(',&7 '2%,8$02 $ ;62 -( 2&,62 ,

9%2* &

&
&
".7317 0$57 6( ,&( '2%,8$02 9%4$-$-7=&, 6( (/(

0(16( 0$5( " &,-(/( ,&(
"
#

* + ,&

;62 -( ,16(*4$/1$ 570$ )71.&,-( * + ,
* + ,
" *4$1,&120 5/7&$-7 .$' # ,16(*4$/1$ 570$

34(/$9, 7 .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 6( )71.&,-(

* + ,&
25(%12
$.2 -( 21'$
&
.$2 ;62 502 4$1,-(
##
94$&71$-02 .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 348( 8456(

& 34, & (07 -(
* + , * ,
, 9$'$1$ -('1$'%$0$
2'$%4$12- 3$4$0(64,9$&,-, .4,87/-(

6- 84,-(',

% '
% ' '

6- '$ ,16(*4$/ 1( 28,5, 2 24,-(16$&,-, .4,87/-(
* '
8,'-(/,
4$&71$ '7/-,17 /7.$ .4,87/-( 8,', !(24(0

"! 4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ & 1( 28,5, 2

&
+

'
, '
'

*' +' ,' *'+ ', ''

$
$

34, & (07 57
% ' ,
$ %,/2 .2-( '8,-(
*/$6.( 3$4$0(64,9$&,-( 2' .2 57 , 47%1( 62&.(
MATEMATIKA 2

233
' '

'

' '
' ' ' '
' ' '

'
MATEMATIKA 2
234
$320(1,02 '$ 5( 7 5/7&$-7 .$' -( 32 ',-(/28,0$

24'$128 /7. 32 ',-(/28,0$ -('1256$81$ */$6.$
.4,87/-$
34,42'12 5$56$8/-(1 2' 24'$128,+ /7.28$
#
34,3$'1, .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 348( 8456(
'(1,4$ .$2 9%42-
6-

'()
&
&
&
7'7=&, '$ -( .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 348( 8456( '(1,4$1

34(.2 2'4('(12*
,(0$1128$ ,16(*4$/$
/$.2 5(
<
32.$( '$ ,0$ 582-5682 /,1($41256, 6- '$ 84,-(',

& & &
*'-( -( 32 ',-(/28,0$ 24'$128 /7.

,16(*4$%,/1( )71.&,-( ,
"!
.2 -( 4$81,15.$ .4,87/-$ *4$) )71.&,-(
+ * * 21'$ 8$4,-$%/7 * 02(02 79(6,
9$ 3$4$0(6$4 !$'$ -( 5$

% * * *
*
'$1$ 3$4$0(64,9$&,-$ .4,87/-( , 84,-(',
MATEMATIKA 2
235
MATEMATIKA 2
236
60

* + &
* *

"! (562
5( 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$ .4,87/-$

9$'$-( .$2 34(5-(. '8,-7 3/2+$ 9$'$1,+
-('1$'%$0$
* '
25(%12 9$ '2%,8$02 3291$67 )2407/7 9$

'7/-,17 /7.$ 4$81,15.( .4,87/-(
"! .2 -( 4$81,15.$ .4,87/-$ 9$'$1$ 7
32/$4120 5756$87 -('1$'%20 % %
21'$ 8$4,-$%/7 02(02 79(6, 9$ 3$4$0(6$4 ' !$'$
-( 5$

% ' % ' ' % ' '
* + &
* + ,
!$'$ 64(%$ :(/,0,1$&,-20 64(=&( 8$4,-$%/(: '2%,6,

-('1$'%(
'
,
'$1$ 3$4$0(64,9$&,-$ .4,87/-( , 84,-(',
* + ,
% ' ' % ' '

% ' % ''
3(6
9$ '2%,8$02 3291$67 )2407/7 9$ '7/-,17
/7.$ 4$81,15.( .4,87/-( 7 32/$4120 .224',1$6120
5756$87

237
Pritom u slucaju ravninske krivulje K G R2

dobivamo k f0, pa je tada
Z e
Z
p
i dv =
i({> j({)) 1 + j 0({)2 d{=
Primjer 2. Izracunajte
i dv ako je i ({> |> }) = {3|}

&
}=1
+
* * *
* * *
MATEMATIKA 2
238

i K krivulja koja je presjek ploha
} = {2 + |2>
, *

* '
+ '
& ' ' ' '

,
,
34, & (07 -( * 241-( -('1$'%( 57 -('1$'%(

'8,-7 128,+ 3/2+$ 5 ,56,0 34(5-(.20 4,620 57 ,
1(34(.,'12 '(4,8$%,/1( )71.&,-( 1$
4('1256 128,+ 3/2+$ -( 7 620( ;62 -( 1-,0$ 9$'$1$
3$4$0(64,9$&,-$ * '
+ '
, '
'
.4,87/-(
3$ 5( 34,3$'1, .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 348( 8456(
02( ,94$&71$6, 32 )2407/,
MATEMATIKA 2
+ *
&
*+, &

' ' '
(| 0)=
y
x
} = {2 + |2
}=1
=, { +| = 1 =, K1
;
? { = cos w
=, K | = sin w
=
}=1
>
{ = cos w
| = sin w
w 5 [0> ]
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
239
240
61
4,-( 1(*2 '(1,4$02 .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456(

32'5-(6,02 5( 32-0$ 24,-(16$&,-( .4,87/-(
8,', (1,&,-7
##
94$&71$-02 .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 348( 8456(

& $.2 -( * + *+ 32 .4,87/-,

+ *
*

+ *
/$6.$ .4,87/-$ '237;6$ 62&12 '8,-( 24,-(16$&,-(
*
-('1$ 5( '2%,8$ *,%$-7=&, 5( '7 2' 47%1( 62&.(

% '2 47%1( 62&.(
% 79 56$/1, 324$56
8$4,-$%/( '
"2&,02 '$ 7 2%$ 34,0-(4$ .4,87/-$ 328(97-( 62&.(

,
$ '47*$ *,%$-7=&, 5(
2%4$612
2' 62&.( '2 62&.(
79 56$/1, 3$' 8$4,-$%/( '
Y
(0,1)
y=-x2+1
y = -x+1

&
" 34820 5/7&$-7 .$(02 '$ -(

** *

* **

&
.4,87/-$ !# %# "!#$%! "#%# '
$ 7 '47*207 '$ -(

.4,87/-$ !# %# "! "#%# '

" 34820 '47*20 5/7&$-7 .$(02 '$ -(
%

"!%
# , '$ -( % # "!%
(1,0)

24,-(16,4$1( .4,87/-(

**
* *

82 32.$97-( '$ -( %,612 32 .2-2- 5( .4,87/-, ,16(*4,4$
6- '$ .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ 348( 8456( 1( 28,5, 5$02 2

.4$-1-,0 62&.$0$
MATEMATIKA 2
241
MATEMATIKA 2
242
r(t1)
*2
*1
#'& %# #& '#$%
r(a)
(.$ -( 9$'$1 24'$128 /7. 582-20 3$4$0(64,9$&,

-20
r(b)
Ako je krivulja K po dijelovima glatka, njezine sastavne glatke krivulje K1> > Kq doputaju po dvije
orijentacije.
Reci c emo da je K orijentirana c im su K1> > Kq

sukladno orijentirane, tj. kraj od Kl jest pocetak od
Kl+1, l = 1> > q 1.

% ' * ' + ' , ' !

6( 1(.$ 57 1-(*28( 47%1( 62&.(
% ,

%
.2 -( 24-(16,4$1 324$5620 3$4$
0(64$ '
21'$ -( 21 24,-(16,4$1 2' 34(0$ , 3,;(02

(.$ -(

,

) )* )+ ),
Ako je K zatvorena po dijelovima glatka krivulja

imamo negativnu i pozitivnu orijentaciju, tj.
orijentaciju sukladnu gibanju satne kazaljke i
orijentaciju suprotnu gibanju satne kazaljke.
8(.6245.2 32/-( 1$
!$'$ -( '2%42 '(1,4$1$ .20
329,&,-$
Orijentiranu krivulju K oznacavat c emo sa K .

%
U posebnom slucaju zatvorene ravninske krivulje,

y
'
K c e oznacavati njezinu negativnu orijentaciju, a K

pozitivnu.

)

% ' )+
% ' ),
% '
'
)
% ' )*
.2-$ -( 8(.6245.$ )71.&,-$ -('1( 8$4,-$%/( 1$ 5(*
0(167 /,-(', '$ -( 5.$/$41, 342'7.6

)
%
%
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
243
244
62

'
)
% '
% '

% ' *' )+
% ' + ' ),
% ' , '
)*

)
% '
% ' '
%# ! #'& ,/, #'& %#!

#& '#$% , 291$&$8$02 5$

)
%
'

%
% ,
3$4$0(6$45.$ -('1$'%$ 24,-(16,4$12* 24'$1282*
##
94$&71$-02 .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456(

) % 8(.6245.( )71.&,-(
/7.$
.2 -( 4($/1$ )71.&,-$ -('1(
8$4,-$%/(

* + ,
) * + , + , , * * +
' )**' +' ,' *' )+ *' +' ,' + '

), *' +' ,' , '
)**' +' ,' *' )+ *' +' ,' + '

1$9,8$02 %#! '%!#$! "!
) "! !#

(.$ -( '$1$ 8(.6245.$ )71.&,-$

) )* )+ ),

$
), *' +' ,' , ' '
4($/1$ )71.&,-$ -('1( 8$4,-$%/( 1$ 5(*0(167

% ' *' +' ,'
32 324$5620 3$4$0(64$ 24,-(16,4$12- .4,87/-,
'

% '
'
' '
,16(*4$%,/1$
21'$ 34,3$'1, 2'4('(1,
,16(*4$/
<
'

'*28$4$-7=&,0 784;6(1-,0$ 7 '(1,&,-5.7 )2407/7

MATEMATIKA 2
'2%,8$02
245

246
4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456( 28,5, 2 2'$%4$12- */$6.23$4$0(64,9$&,-, 5$02 '2 1$ 34('91$.
6- 84,-(',

)
%

' '
' '
'
'

)
% '
% ' '

) $
$

34, & (07 57
% ' ,
$ %,/2 .2-( '8,-(

'
' '

MATEMATIKA 2
' ' ' ' ' ''

"! 4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456(
)
%

)
5( 2%,&12 ,16(434(6,4$ .$2 4$' 1(.( 5,/(

'7 376$ & 2' 62&.( % '2 62&.(

%
*/$6.( 3$4$0(64,9$&,-( 2' 8, ,16(*4$/, 57 -('

1$., & ,0
% ,
$ ,1'7&,4$-7 324$5620 3$4$0(6$4$
,567 24,-(16$&,-7
$ 5734261,+ 34('91$.$ & ,0 ,1'7&,4$-7
57342617 24,-(16$&,-7 1$

"! .2 -( 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$ .4,8

7/-$
34,42'12 5$56$8/-(1$ 2' 57./$'12 24,-(16,4$1,+

*/$6.,+ .4,87/-$ # .4$- 2' -( 32&(6$.
34,3$'1, .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456( '(1,4$02 .$2

9%42-
6-

'()

) % ) %
)
%

94$812 ,9 (1,&,-( , 582-56$8$ ,(0$1128$

,16(*4$/$ 5/,-(', 28$- 6(24(0
MATEMATIKA 2
247
MATEMATIKA 2
248
63

!#

(.$ 57
)
(

8(.6245.( )71.&,-( 5 ,16(*4$%,/1,0 .224',1$61,0
## 94$&71$-02 .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456(

+ ,* , *+ * +,

)71.&,-$0$
,
24,-(16,4$1$ 32
',-(/28,0$ */$6.$ .4,87/-$ !$'$ -(

,
)
%
)
%

,,
)
(
%
)
%
(
%
$.2 -( 24,-(16,4$1$ .4,87/-$ '7,1$ 2' ,5+2',;6$

'2 62&.(

7'7=&, '$ 5( 02( 9$'$6, .$2 34(5-(.
'8,-7 4$81,1$ + *
9$ 58$., ,
, , *
9$ 58$., +
* 24,-(16$&,-$ 324$5620 3$4$0(64$ ' *

62 -(

* + ,

(.$ -( 8(.6245.$ )71.&,-$
)

9$'$1$ 34(5/,.$8$1-,0$
6- )*

)+ , ), 4,'47,02 /, )71.&,-,
) ',)(4(1&,
-$/17 )2407

* * * * * * * * *

**
* + ,
72&$8$02 '$ 5(
)240$/12
.4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*(
8456( 32'7'$4$ 5 ,16(*4$/20 2'*28$4$-7=&( ',)(4(1&,
-$/1( )240(
6-

* + ,
)

%

Primjer 6. Izracunajmo cirkulaciju ravninskoga

vektorskog polja
$

z ({> |) = {{> {|}
y
e) po rubu K pozitivno orijentiranog trokuta s vrhovima

D = (2> 0), E = (1> 1) i R = (0> 0).
y
(a)
*1
*2
MATEMATIKA 2
250
8'-( -( 24,-(16,4$1, 32 ',-(/28,0$ 24'$128

/7. 57./$'12 5$56$8/-(1 2'
,

5 3$4$0(64,9$&,-$0$ 4('20
+
*

24,-(16,4$1 324$5620 3$4$0(64$ *
+ *
*

24,-(16,4$1 3$'20
3$4$0(64$ *
(b)
!$.2 '2%,8$02

) % ) % ) %
)
%

* * *
2
[f cos w (f sin w) + f cos w f sin w f cos w] gw =

0
Z 2
(cos w f cos2 w)( sin w)gw = = 0;
f2
0

* *
* *
* * * *
$.$.2 '$ -( 02*7=&$ , '47.&,-$ 3$4$0(64,9$&,-$

134
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2

)
%
+ *
*
24,-(16,4$1 3$'20 3$4$0(64$ *
(2,0)
(1,1)
*3
d) Ovdje je K zadana parametrizacijom { = f cos w,

| = f sin w, w 5 [0> 2], pa je
I
I
$

$

z g u = y {g{ + {|g| =
y
K
d) po sredinjoj krunici K polumjera f (orijentiranoj

po volji);
249
*=*
9$6824(12- .4,87/-,
MATEMATIKA 2
291$&$8$02

, 1$9,8$02 #&! 8(.6245.2*$ 32/-$
) 32

*'-( -(
% *- +- ,-!
"!
.2 -( 7 .4,87/-120 ,16(*4$/7 '47*(

8456(
)
% .4,87/-$ 9$6824(1$
21'$ *$
251
252
64
( &
) %# "#' #& '#$%

#1$02 '$ '(4,8$&,-7 8(.6245.( )71.&,-(
% '

% ' * ' + '

'
'
* '

'
'
02(02 9$3,5$6, 7 5/-('(=&(0 2%/,.7

% '
% '

'

+ ' '
'

'
'

*'-( -( -(',1,&1, 6$1*(1&,-$/1, 8(.624 .4,87/-(

9$'$1( 3$4$0(64,9$&,-20
% '
'$6/( 5/,-(', '$ -(

% '
% ' ' &
24,-(16,4$1$ 324$5620 3$4$0(64$ '
4(0$ 620(
84,-(', -('1$.256 ,90('7
< .4,87/-12* ,1
6(*4$/$ '47*( 8456( /,-(82 , .4,87/-12* ,16(*4$/$ 348(
8456( '(512

%
&

MATEMATIKA 2
253
/$$,-3 %-/+2*
7&,' 0#71&+/1 1401706 (13/6.6 +05')3#.01) 3#%60#
9# (60-%+,' &7+,6 7#3+,#$.# -1,# ,' 23+31&01 2112<%'0,'
'8510
'+$0+917' (13/6.' #&+ 4' 1 51/' &# 4'
&714536-+ +05')3#. 0# 23+-.#&01/ 21&36%,6

47'&' 0# -3+76.,0+ +05')3#. 21 /2!2 1&
MATEMATIKA 2
254
14'$01 #-1 ,'

:51 ,' +4260,'01 023 9#

10&# 0#/ 3''017# (13/6.# 1/1)6<%#7# +93#%60#
7#0,' 2173:+0' 3#70+04-1) .+-# 21/1<%6

$-/$+ /$$,-3 1$-/$+

'-# 46 &+('3'0%+,#$+.0' (60-%+,' 0#

15713'01/ 4-626
5' 0'-# ,'
219+
5+701 13+,'05+3#0+ 9#5713'0+ 21 &+,'.17+/# 13&#017 .6-

#&# 73+,'&+ 597 /$$,-3 %-/+2*

-3+76.,01) +05')3#.# 21 36$01, -3+76.,+ 51) 21&36%,#

.-+$, .'&#/1 .+ 0# (60-%+,' + -#1 0#

-113&+0#50' (60-%+,' 0'-1) 3#70+04-1) 7'-5134-1)
21.,#

23+ % '/6 ,' 21&36%,' 1/'&'01

-3+76.,1/ 5,
;
,' 190#-# 9# 36$ 4-62#
255

3''0176 (13/6.6 /1'/1 9#2+4#5+ + 17#-1

MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
256
65
Primjer 7. Izracunajmo cirkulaciju
I
2({2 + | 2)g{ + ({ + |)2g|
x
5

po pozitivno orijentiranom rubu C4 K trokuta

4DEF , D = (1> 1), E = (2> 2), F = (1> 3).
Y

2#3#/'5#3 3#45'

2#3#/'5#3 2#&# +
*2
B
"# 2317,'36 +93#%60#, 53#'06 %+3-6.#%+,6 +93#701 5,

+05')3+3#,6<%+ 21
*3
A *1
1

2#3#/'5#3 2#&#
Primijenit c emo Greenovu formulu na
3+/+,'5+/1 &# 4/1 6 171/6 23+/,'36 3''0176

(13/6.6 +4-13+45+.+ 6 1$3#501/ 4/,'36 5, &# 4/1
-3+76.,0+ +05')3#. 23'7'.+ 6 &714536-+ +05')3#.
#-7# + ,'45 0,'9+0# % '45# 23+/,'0# 6 23#-4+ 3#7+
4/,'3 53'$#/1 6).#701/ 6 5'13+,4-+/ 3#9/#53#0,+/#
S ({> |) = 2({2 + | 2) i T({> |) = ({ + |)2=

I
2({2 + | 2)g{ + ({ + |)2g| =
x
K
CT({> |) CS ({> |)

)g{g|
=
C{
C|
{
ZZ
Z 2 Z {+4
4
=
(2{ 2|)g{g| = 2
({ |)g| g{ = = =
3
1
{
{
ZZ
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
257
/'32*(,' ',1$&/ * 2 .-1$,"'( *,-+ .-*(2

#9017340+ 23+/,'3+ -3+76.,01) +05')3#.# &36)' 7345'
21-#96,6 &# 10 210'-#& 0' 17+4+ 1 13+,'05+3#01,
-3+76.,+ 21 -1,1, 4' +05')3+3# 0')1 4#/1 1 0,'9+01,
21%'501, + -3#,0,1, 51%-+ #&# %< '/1 7+&,'5+ -#-7# 46
51 7'-5134-# 21.,# % +,+ -3+76.,0+ +05')3#.+ 17+4' 4#/1 1
21%'5-6 + -3#,6 +05')3#%+,4-' -3+76.,'
$,'"'( '-# ,'

0'23'-+&01 7'-5134-1 21.,' '<%+ %< '/1 &# -3+76.,0+

',1$&/ * 7'-5134-1)# 21.,#
,$ -3'0' - ',1$&/ "'
(0)-+ .212 #-1 9# 47#-' &7+,' 51%-' +

47#-' &7+,' 21 &+,'.17+/# ).#5-' -3+76.,'

:51 217'96,6 + 13+,'05+3#0' 1& 23'/# 73+,'&+

$-/$+ '-# ,'
0'23'-+&01
7'-5134-1 21.,' 0# 15713'01/ + 217'9#01/ 21&36%,6
#&# 23+2#&0+ -3+76.,0+ +05')3#. 0' 17+4+ 1

+05')3#%+,4-1/ 2656 #-1 + 4#/1 #-1 ,'
215'0%+,#.01
21.,' 5, #-1 21451,+ 4-#.#301 21.,' -.#4'
0# 5#-71 &# ,'

#&# ,' +05')3#. 7'-5134-1) 21.,#
21 -3+76.,+

259

4#45#7.,'01, +9 13&#017+* .6-17# 4 21%'501/

+ -3#,0,1/ 51%-1/
51%-1/

,'&0#-

!23#71 &'0+3#01 471,4571 -#3#-5'3+9+3# 4.,'&'<%+

5'13'/
MATEMATIKA 2
258

MATEMATIKA 2
260
66

2<%'0+51 15713'0 4-62 ,' .-3$4 , #-1 4'
47#-' &7+,' 51%-' 6065#3 /1)6 421,+5+
21.+)10#.01/ %351/ %351/ 4#45#7.,'01/ 1& &6+0#
5, #-1 21451,+ -10#%01 /01)1 51%#-#

5#-1 &# 46 421,0+%' 4')/'05+

4#&3#0+ 6 5713'0 + 217'9#0 4-62 0#9+7# 4'

.-#/2"($
.-+$,
3+/+,'0+/1 .+ '13'/ 0# $+.1 -1,+
21 &+,'.17+/# ).#5-+ 9#5713'0+ 13&#017 .6-
&1$+7#/1 &# 23+2#&0# %+3-6.#%+,# 215'0%+,#.01) 7'-

5134-1) 21.,#
+4%'9#7#

"# 9#&#01 7'-5134-1 21.,' 0+,' ,'&0145#701 2317,'3+5+

&# .+ ,' 101 215'0%+,#.01 6 21&36%,6 +.+ 0+,' 13#.+

$+4/1 21-#9#5+ &# ,' -3+76.,0+ +05')3#. 21.,#
21 $+.1
-1,'/ 9#5713'01/ 21 &+,'.17+/# 13&#0171/ .6-6
,'&0#- 06.+
1 9# ,'&06 -.#46 7'-5134-+* 21.,# ,'&0145#701 ,'
2317,'3+5+ ,' .+ 101 215'0%+,#.01 +.+ 0+,' 51/' 0#/
)1713+ 4.,'&'<%+ -131.#3

21.,' -.#4'
0#
-/-* / '-# ,'
-107'-401/ 21&36%,6 +/# 0'23'-+&0' 47' &36)'
2#3%+,#.0' &'3+7#%+,' 0# 21&36%,6 #-71 21.,' ,'
215'0%+,#.01 #-1 + 4#/1 #-1 ,'

5, 73+,'&+

9# 47#-+ 9#5713'0+ 21 &+,'.17+/# 13&#017 .6-
.+,'&+ &# +4%'9#7#0,' %+3-6.#%+,' 5#-1&'3

; -#3#-5'3+

9+3# 215'0%+,#.0145 7'-5134-1) 21.,#
0# 21&36%,6
MATEMATIKA 2
261

-1 ,'
215'0%+,#.01 21.,' 0# 10&# ,'

9# 0'-1 4-#.#301 21.,' 917'/1 215'0

%+,#. 1&
&#5.' 4.+,'&+

/

MATEMATIKA 2
262
)- -#/$#'1' .-1$,"'( * 4 # ,-& .-1$,"'( *,-&

!$43/1*-,-& .-*(

9 ,'&0#-145+ 7'-5134-+* 21.,#

4.+,'&+ ,'&0#-145 4-#.#30+* 21.,# -1/210'05+

'-# 46 51%-'

+9 21&36%,# 6 -1,'/ ,' 7'-5134-1 21.,'
215'0%+
,#.01 '-# 4' -3+76.,# -1,# 42#,# 5' 51%-' 4#451,+

1& 64/,'3'0+* &6+0#

-1,' 46 $3+&17+
-7#&3# % +,+ 46 + 0#4623150+ 73*17+ #-.' 0'-# ,'

3'/# '13'/6 69+/#,6<%+ &# ,'

51 67+,'- /1'/1 &1$+7#/1 &# ,'

MATEMATIKA 2
263
MATEMATIKA 2

264
67

6&6<%+ &# ,'
/'+($/ 93#%60#,/1

$+.1 -1,# 13+,'05+3#0# 21 &+,'.17+/# ).#5-# ,'&014
5#701 9#5713'0# -3+76.,#

%+51 ,' &# ,' 7'-5134-1 21.,'
0'23'-+&01 &+('
3'0%+,#$+.01 0# 23145136 6&6<%+ &# ,'

#-1 ,'
$+.1 -1,+ .6- 1&

&1

&1$+7#/1

51 ,'
2# ,'
$'5735.101 21.,' &#-.' +
215'0%+,#.01 .+,'&+

MATEMATIKA 2
265

)&,' ,' 215'0%+,#. 1&
3'.#%+,1/
1&3'&'0
;
69/+/1

MATEMATIKA 2
266

!581= 7*3,.AC,. ?*-*3.68 7* ;53.-.C,. 7*,27.

.4;952,2<786 3.-7*-+86 1 " / 0
26952,2<786 3.-7*-+86 / 0 1

9*:*6.<*:;426 3.-7*-+*6*

/ / , -
252

0 0 , -
1 1 , -

* , - / , - % 0 , - & 1 , - '

3'/# 51/'

.4* 3. 98-:=,3. 8<>8:.7 2 98>.?*7 ;4=9 =

:*>7272 2
"
7&,' 4' 3#&+ 1 %+3-6.#%+,+ $'9735.101)# 21.,# 2# ,'

23'/# 131.#36

MATEMATIKA 2
# 3 ,($ .*-&

*-5,' ',1$%/ *

267
/=74,23* 45*;. 7* " 26* 7.9:.42-7. 9*:,23*57.

-.:2>*,23. 7* #4=9
/ 0 1 1 " / 0
/ 0
3. 05*<4* 9581* = 9:8;<8:= 1 " / 0 3.

$)0.*'"'1, ($#, #! .*-&$
MATEMATIKA 2
268
68
%? .4;952,2<7= 3.-7*-+= 9581. 98>.?=3.68 2 /=74,23=

/ 0 1 -.72:*7= ;*
/ 0 1 " / 0 1
, 23* 3. 72>89581* =9:*>8 ?*-*7* 9581*
/ 0 1 " / 0 1
1 / 0 :8<*,23;42 9*:*+8582-

1 / 0 ;<8*,

1 / 0 08:73* 985=;/.:*
-:.-268 3.-7*-+= <*70.7,23*57. :*>727. 2 78:6*5.

7* :8<*,23;42 9*:*+8582- = <8,42
&.4<8: 78:6*5. 7* <= 9581= 3. >.4<8:

/'+($/
!:263.:2 .4;952,2<78 ?*-*721 9581*
/ 0 1 / 0 1

"
"

%
& '
/
0

/ % 0 & '

9* ;= 3.-7*-+. <*70.7,23*57. :*>727. 2 9:*>,* 78:

6*5. = <8,42 / 0 1 1 " / 0 :.-86
"
/ / 0 /

% & '
(

(

(
% & '

(
/ "
0 / 0 0 0 1 1

"

/ / + / / 0

0 0 + "
)(
0 / 0

1 1 +
!* 3.
+ / 0 1
+
)(
/ 0 1

+

252
)( / +
MATEMATIKA 2
269
0 +
+
1 +
+
MATEMATIKA 2
270
/'+($/ .4* 3.
9C,.72<8
7.4* 3. /=74,23* 45*;.
7* 8<>8:.786 ;4=9= ;* ;>83;<>86

/ 0 1 = ;>*483 <8,42 / 0 1
$*-* 3. ;4=9
/ 0 1 / 0 1
$*-* 3. ;4=9
/ 0 1 / 0 1
/ 0 1 / 0 1
05*<4* 9581* !:2<86 3.

= ;>*483 <8,42
0:*-23.7<

/ 0 1
/ % 0 & 1 '
05*<4* 9581* 3.: 3. ?* ;>*4= <8,4= / 0 1
84862< 7* <*70.7,23*57= :*>727=

A<8 8-6*1 -*3. 3.-
7*-+= 9:29*-7. <*70.7,23*57. :*>727.
79: = <8,42
/ 0 1
9:2 , .6= 3. 7.9:.42-78 >.4<8:;48 9853.

/ 0 1 / 0 1
/ 0 1

/ /

/
0 0 0 1 1 1
2 3.-7*-+= 9:*>,* 78:6*5. =
)(
/ / 0 0
1 1

+

/
0
1
*986.7* >-3. 3. ;/.:*

<3 9581* 483* 3. =723*
->23. 9581. 2 , 23. ;= .4;952,2<7. 3.-7*-+.
1
/ 0

1 / 0
+
08:73* 985=;/.:*
-873* 985=;/.:*
*.68 -* 3. 3.-7*-+86 / 0 1 '+.*'"'1,4 # , 05*<4* .*-&
MATEMATIKA 2
271
MATEMATIKA 2
272
69
*8 A<8 4:2>=53* = 9:8;<8:= 7*;<*3. 2? ;.06.7<*

;*>23*73.6 *52 +.? 42-*73* 2 ;524* 3. >.4<8:;4. /=74,23.

* ;4*5*:780 *:0=6.7<*

* + / + % 0 + & 1 + '
/'+($/ *>.-268 3.-7*-+. 7.421 9*:*6.<*:;42

?*-*721 9581*

* % & '

+
<*48 3. 2 9581* ->8-26.7?287*5*7 ;4=9 4832 7*;<*3.

2? :*>727;480 98-:=,3* 2?>23*73.6
;*>23*73.6
2<-
*52 +.? 42-*73* *45.
:*?6*<:*68 /=74,23=
;/.:* 985=63.:* ;/.:7. 488:-27*<.

* 1 % & 1 '
1

*

, -
* , - / , - % 0 , - & 1 , - '
:8<*,2872 >*53*4
/ 0 1

* / 0 / % 0 & " / 0 '
483* 3. 45*;. 7* !:2<86 3. ;4=9

* , -
, -
, -

7.48695*7*:72 >.4<8:2
. / +$1 /0)' 4 # , 05*<4* .*-& = , 23. ;=

. / +$1 /0)$ ($#, #!$
0 0 , -

:*>727* 4:8? <8,4= ; :*-23>.4<8:86
:*?*9.<*

>.4<8:26* 2
1 1 , -

* =:.-.72
9*:
* 7*?2>*68 9*:*6.<:2?*,23*
B
9581.
MATEMATIKA 2
52627*,2386 9*:*6.<*:* 2? 9*:*6.<*:;421 3.-7*-+2

9581* -8+2>*68 26952,2<7. 3.-7*-+. <21 9581*
273
.4* 3. 9581* ?*-*7* >.4<8:;486 3.-7*-+86

* , - / , - % 0 , - & 1 , - '
, -

9:2 , .6= 3. /=74,23*
* 45*;. 7*
;4*5*:7. /=74,23. / , - 0 , - 2 1 , - 26*3=
7.9:.42-7. 9:>. 9*:,23*57. -.:2>*,23. 7*
24;2:*68 52 >*:23*+5= 9*:*6.<*: - - * ?*<26
, , -8+2>*68 :.-86 ;53.-.C,. 4:2>=53. 7* 95812

* ,
* , -
, 4:2>=53*

* -
* , -
- 4:2>=53*

483. 9:85*?. <8,486
* , - $*70.7,23*572
>.4<8:2 7* <. 4:2>=53. :.-86 ;=

* , - /
0
1

*,
%
%
%
,
,
,
, , -

* , - /
0
1

*-

%
%
%
- , -
MATEMATIKA 2
274

% & '
/ 0 1

, - * , * - , , ,

/ 0 1

- - - , -

2 >.4<8: , - 3. >.4<8: 78:6*5. 9581. = <8,42

* , -

*45.
3.-7*-+* <*70.7,23*57. :*>727. 7* 9581= =

<8,42
* , - 05*;2

/ / 0 0 1 1

/
0
1

,
,
,

/
0
1

9:2 , .6= -.:2>*,23. = -.<.:627*7<2 :*,=7*68 = <8,42
, -
*45.
?* 9581= ?*-*7= .4;952,2<786 3.-7*-+86
1 " / 0
9:.6* !:263.:=
>.4<8: 78:6*5. 05*;2
'* 9581= 9:.<98;<*>53*68 -* 3. = ;>26 <8,4*6*

, - >.4<8:;42 9:8-=4<
MATEMATIKA 2
/ 0
9*:*6.<*:;4* 3.-7*-+* 0:*/* /=74,23. "

* , - , -
/ / , -

/ 0
* /
* 0 "/ % "0 & '
275
MATEMATIKA 2
276
70
!8-;3.<268 ;. 98>:A27. 05*<4. 9581.

483* 3. 0:*/
7.4. -2/.:.7,23*+257. /=74,23.
9* 3. 3.-272,72 >.4<8: 78:6*5. 9581.

"/ % "0 & '
/ 0

"/ "0
)- %* 0$ 3$)1-/' ,-/+ *$ ' ($#, #!$ 1 ,%$,"'
( *,'& / 3,', 4 ./$-01 *$ .*-&$ '4

$,'"'( .4* 3. #

-2/.:.7,23*+257* /=74,23*
* ?*<>8:.78 98
-:=,3. 86.-.78
98 -23.58>26* 05*<486 ?*<>8:.786
B
4:2>=5386 .4* 3. 9581* ?*-*7* 3.-7*-+86
1 #/ 0
/ 0 $*-* 73.?27= .-3/5',2 -.72
:*68 4*8 +:83

#/ / 0 #0 / 0!/!0
!

% 9:.<18-783 -.72,232 2?:*? ! 3. $*$+$,1 .-3/5',$

*45.
98>:A27* 3. 3.-7*4* +.;487*,786 ?+:83=
27<.0:*5 +.;487*,78 6*521 .5.6.7*<* 98>:A27.
*48 ;. 2?>.-. /8:6=5* ?* .5.6.7< 98>:A27. !
9805.-*3<. 7*
(1<<9 5*>2,*/.;+1: 6*< !
9:.-*>*73*
;<:

486.7<*: 2?* .72,23. )
MATEMATIKA 2
277
% 7.426 :*?6*<:*7326* 2 9:263.7*6* 3*>53*< ,C . ;.

9581. 989=< 8>21
$,'"'( .4* 3. "

7.9:.42-7* /=74,23* ;4*5*:78 9853.

*
05*<4* 9581* ?*-*7* 3.-7*-+86 1 #/ 0
/ 0
7* ?*<>8:.786 98-:=,3=
86.-.786
98 -23.58>26* 05*<486 ?*<>8:.786
B
4:2>=5386 $*-* ->8;<:=42 27<.0:*5

#/ 0
#/ 0
" / 0 #/ 0

!/!0
/
0

S2
S2
278
*-5,' ',1$%/ * ./3$ 3/01$
S3
S3
MATEMATIKA 2
S1
S4
S1
%8,*>*68 -* ;. :*-2 8 95812 ;*;<*>53.783 8487*,78 05*<421 9581*

( <*48 -* = <8,4*6*
@;983721 4:2>=53*@ 7. 98;<83. <*70.7,23*57. :*>727. 72
78:6*5.
7*?2>*68 .*-5,'+ ',1$%/ *-+ ./3$ 3/01$ ;4*5*:780*

9853* " 98 95812 2 8?7*,*>*68 0* ;

" !

!:2623.<268 -* 3. 8?7*4* = ;45*-= ; 9:.<18-726

:*?6*<:*73.6
'* <*4>= 9581= 4*.68 -* 3. .- #'($*-3'+ %* 1)
* 73.7* 98>:A27* ;. -.72:* 4*8 ?+:83
(
MATEMATIKA 2
279
MATEMATIKA 2
280
71
9* 3.
/'+($/
?:*,=7*368 958A72 27<.0:*5 9:>. >:;<.

" !
*48 3.

" / 0 1 / 0 1
#/ 0
/

#/ 0
0

/ 0

=-=C,2 -* 3.

!
!

1 #/ 0 / 0 / 0

0
/
/ 0

/

<8 3.
!:.6* <86.

" !
!/!0
/ 0 / 0
/ 0

* -28 3.-272,7. ;:.-2A73. ;/.:. = 84<*7<=

/
#/ 0

/
/ 0
0
#/ 0

0
/ 0
MATEMATIKA 2
281
MATEMATIKA 2
282
.-+$,

*-5,' ',1$%/ * #/2%$ 3/01$
' 9:84;262:*68 52 9581= <>*:726 8+3.4<86 483.6=

3. @-.+5327* ?*7.6*:2>* 9:.6* -=272 2 A2:272@
<4*727*
<*74* 48*
<*742 526 252 ;5 0=;<8C,.
" / 0 1
87-* 9:29*-72 958A72 27<.0:*5 9:>. >:;<.
63.:2 6*;= <80* 8+3.4<*
*8 A<8 ;68 =>.52 ->23. >:;<. 9889C,.73* 3.-78 ?*

;4*5*:78
* -:=08 ?* >.4<8:;48 9853. 8-:.-.780
B
27<.0:*5* 7* 27<.0:*5 98 4:2>=532
<*48 =>8-268 2 ->23.
>:;<. 9889C,.73* ->8;<:=480 27<.0:*5* 7* 27<.0:*5 98
95812
7<.0:*5 ;4*5*:780 9853* 98 95812 ;68 -.72:*52 4*8
958A72 27<.0:*5 9:>. >:;<.
'' 48 3. 9581* 98 -23.58>26* 05*<4* 2 ;*;<*>53.7*

8- 487*,78 67808 05*<421 9581* ( 87-*
;. 73.?27 958A72 27<.0:*5 9:>. >:;<. -.72:* 4*8
9:29*-72 ?+:83
<3

" !
" !
" !(

* 4:*3= 7*>.-268 8,205.-7= 527.*:78;< 958A780 27<.

0:*5* 9:>. >:;<.
$-/$+ .4* ;= " #

7.9:.42-7. /=74,23.
98 -23.58>26* 05*<4*
9581* 2 $*-* 3.

" # !
" !
#!

MATEMATIKA 2
#*-* ,C .68 -.72:*<2 27<.0:*5 >.4<8:;480 9853* 98

95812
#52,78 ;5=,*3= 4:2>=53780 27<.0:*5* >.4<8:;480 9853*
98 8:23.7<2:*783 4:2>=532
8>-3. <:.+* -.72:*<2 983*6
-/'($,1'/ ,$ 9581. #<:808 -.72:*73. <80* 9836* 3.
486952,2:*78
9* ,C .68 4:*<48 2 3.-78;<*>78
;*68
983*;72<2 8 , .6= ;. :*-2
:23.7<2:*7= 9581= ,C .68 -.72:*<2 9868C,= 73.?2721
8:23.7<2:*721 <*70.7,23*5721 :*>727*
* 8:23.7<2:*7=
:*>727= 9868C,= 73.?2721 78:6*5721 >.4<8:*
% <= ;>:1= 7*39:23. =8,268 -* :*>727* 26* #3'($
01/ ,$ 8- 48321 3. 3.-7* 8-:.-.7*
;4=986 ;>21
B

3.-272,721 78:6*5721 >.4<8:*
(
* -:=0* ;4=986

(
;>21
283
MATEMATIKA 2
284
72

#// 0 % #0 / 0 & '

( / 0
#// 0 #0 / 0
4832 ?*<>*:*3= ;* 98?2<2>726 -23.586 8;2 1 A253*;<2 4=<

;524*

-*+2:86 3.-7. 8- <21 ;<:*7*
<3 252 ;>21
( 252 ;>21

(
8-*+:*7* 3. 3.-7* 8- ->23= 7.9:.42-721 -/'
($,1 "'( 9:86*<:*7. :*>727.
8?7*4*
* -:=0= 8:23.7<*,23= , 27. 78:6*572 >.4<8:2

( / 0
4832 ?*<>*:*3= ;* 98?2<2>726 -23.586 8;2 1

<=92 4=< 8?7*4*
*.68 -* 3. 05*<4* 9581* -/'($,1'/ , *48 383 3.

8:23.7<2:*7* ;>*4* <*70.7,23*57* :*>727* 2 9:2<86 3. <8
8:23.7<2:*73. 7.9:.42-78
<3 = +52;426 <8,4*6* ;=
+52;42 2 9:29*-72 78:6*572 >.4<8:2
:=026 :23.,26*
9581* 3. 7.9:.42-78 8:23.7<2
:*7* *48 26* ->23. ;<:*7. 2 3.-7* 8- 7321 3. 8-*+:*7*
#>*4= 7.9:.42-7= 8:23.7<*,23= <>8:. ;>2 3.-272,72 78:
6*572 >.4<8:2 A<8 2?5*?. 2? 8-*+:*7. ;<:*7.
$*48 ;= 9:263.:2 ->8;<:*721
<3 8:23.7<*+25721 9581*
05*<4. 9581. ?*-*7. 3.-7*-+86 1 # / 0
/ 0 .-7= 8:23.7<*,23= , 27. 3.-272,72 78:
6*572 >.4<8:2
MATEMATIKA 2
285
2.slika
Primjer neorijentabilne plohe je Mbiusova vrpca.
Promatrajmo pravokutnik DEFG pa mu zalijepimo
stranicu DG sa stranicom EF i to tako da smo EF
"preokrenuli" i identificirali F s D i E s G. Dobit c emo
plohu, tzv. Mbiusovu vrpcu.
Pokaimo da Mbiusova vrpca nije orijentabilna ploha!
Odaberimo bilo koju njezinu tocku W0 i u njoj nor$

malni vektor
q 0 pa krenimo kroz njezine normalne
vektore u kontinuirani obilazak po naznacenoj
(crtkanoj) jednostavno zatvorenoj krivulji.
Vrativi se u polaznu tocku W0 pojavit c e se normalni
$
q 0. Primijetimo da pritom nismo naputali
vektor
odabranu stranu te plohe (tj. nismo prelazili preko
ruba), a na kraju-pocetku smo se nali na drugoj
strani. To, zapravo, znaci da Mbiusova vrpca ima
samo jednu stranu.
MATEMATIKA 2
287
(b )
(a )
;524*
48 9581* 723. 05*<4* *52 3. 98 -23.58>26* 05*<4*
?*1<23.>*68 7.9:.42-7= 8:23.7<2:*78;< ;>*480*

05*<480 -23.5* 2 73218>= 6.-=;8+7=
;=05*;78;<
<3
B
9:29*-78;< ;>21 78:6*5721 >.4<8:* <8,78 3.-783
;<:*72 <. 9581. .98;<83*73. 78:6*5721 >.4<8:* =
<8,4*6* ;983721 4:2>=53* ?*7.6*:=3.68
!8;.+*7 ;5=,*3 3.;= 3.-78;<*>78 ?*<>8:.7. 9581.
;/.:*
:=+ 0.86.<:23;480 <23.5* =-=C,2 -* 87.
8,2<8
26*3= ->23. ;<:*7.
3 ,(0)2 2 2,21/ 5,(2
<*48 21 2 8:23.7<2:*68
<3 252 ;4=986 ;>21 >*73;421

3.-272,721 78:6*5721 >.4<8:* 8?7*4* 252 ;4=986

;>21 8721 =7=<:*A7321 8?7*4*
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
286
288
73
$,'"'( .4* 3.

. ./ .0 .1
7.9:.42-7* /=74,23* >.4<8:;48 9853.

* 1 #/ 0
/ 0
3.-7*-+* 8:23.7<2:*7. 05*<4. 9581.

9:2 , .6= 3. ?*<>8:.78 98-:=,3. , 232 3. :=+
98 -23.58>26* 05*<4* ?*<>8:.7* 4:2>=53*
$*-* ->8;<:=42 27<.0:*5

#
#
./ .0 .1
!/!0
/
0

/ 0 #/ 0
7*?2>*68 .*-5,'+ ',1$%/ *-+ #/2%$ 3/01$ >.4

<8:;480* 9853*
. 98 8:23.7<2:*783 95812 2 8?
7*,*>*68 ;

. ! 252

#// 0 % #0 / 0 & '

( / 0
#// 0 #0 / 0

#986.7268 -* ;. 958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<.

. !

= 12-:8-27*62,2 7*?2>* 1-)-+ 252 2)0-+ >.4

<8:;480* 9853*
. 4:8? 9581=

*26.
*48 +2 . 8?7*,*>*58 9853. +:?27* <.4=C,27.
87-* 27<.0:*5 68.68 9:8<=6*,2<2 4*8 =4=97=

4852,27= <.4=C,27. 483* 9:8<3.,. 4:8? 9581= = 3.-272,2
>:.6.7*

% ;5=,*3= 8:23.7<2:*7. 98 -23.58>26* 05*<4. 9581.
;=45*-78 ;*;<*>53.7. 8- 8:23.7<2:*721 05*<421 9581*

.
( !
!:2623.<268 -* ;= 8?7*4. 98;>. = ;45*-= ; -.72,2

386 3.: 3.

! #// 0 #0 / 0!/!0
(
8-08>*:*3=C,2 958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<.
-.72:*68 4*8 9:29*-72 ?+:83
<3

.

!

.

!

. !(

'* 958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<. >:23.-2 8>*3 <.8:.6
MATEMATIKA 2
289

$-/$+ .4* ;=
.
,

7.9:.42-7. >.4<8:;4. /=74,23.

8:23.7<*+257*
98 -23.58>26* 05*<4* 9581* 2 $*-* 3.

. !
. !

.
, !

. !

2 ->8;<:*7* 9581*
<. 7.4*

( % & '
8?7*,*>* 3.-272,72 78:6*572 >.4<8: 7* 8-*+:*7=
;<:*7= 9581. = +258 48383 <8,42 $*-* ;. 9:29*-72
958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<. -.72:* 4*48 ;523.-2

!0!1 !1!/ !/!0

9:29*-72 958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<. 26* ?*92;

./ .0 .1 !
.

!

( % & '

, !

290
.4* ;= -*7. 7.9:.42-7. ;4*5*:7. /=74,23.

.-+$, !:2-8-*3.68 38A 3.-*7 ?*92; 958A780

27<.0:*5* -:=0. >:;<. '*-*68 52 /8:6*578 3.-272,7.
78:6*57. >.4<8:. 7* 9868C,= 73218>21 48;27=;*
;63.:*
MATEMATIKA 2
./!0!1 .0 !1!/ .1 !/!0
!
%8,268 -* 7* -.;783 ;<:*72 ;<832 958A72 27<.0:*5 9:>.

>:;<.
.-+$, 48 3. 8:23.7<*+257* 05*<4* 9581*
?*-*7* 3.-7*-+86 1 #/ 0 / 0
87-* 8:23.7<*,23= 8-:.-=3.
3.-*7 8- 3.-272,721 78:
B
6*5721 >.4<8:*
% ;>.?2 ; <26
98-;3.<268 7* 38A 3.-78 -.72:*73.
958A780 27<.0:*5* -:=0. >:;<.
MATEMATIKA 2
291
MATEMATIKA 2
292
74
/'+($/ ?:*,=7*368 958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<.

/!0!1 0 !1!/ 1 !/!0

#// 0 % #0 / 0 & '

( / 0

#// 0 #0 / 0
=-=C,2 -* 3.

9:2 , .6= 3. >*73;4* ;<:*7* -.;7. 985=;/.:.

?*-*7. 3.-7*-+86 / 0 1
87-* 3.

#// 0 #0 / 0
+
S1 = S1
(n 0)1
!
9* 3.
!/!0

"*;<*>268 -.;7= 985=;/.:= 7* ->23. 9581.

0-3. 3.

1 # / 0

/

/ 0

0
/
!

!/!0

!/!0

MATEMATIKA 2

!0!1 !1!/ !/!0

. !

. !

MATEMATIKA 2

#
#
0
1 !/!0
/
/
0

#
#

0
1 !/!0
/
/
0

. !

/
# / 0

/
/ 0
0
# / 0

0
/ 0
$26. ;68 9:29:.6252 ;>. ?* ?* 2?:*,=7*>*73. *45.

MATEMATIKA 2

/
0
/ 0
/ 0

294

. !

$:*.7. 9*:,23*57. -.:2>*,23. 3.;=

=-=C,2 -* 3. @>*73;4* ;<:*7*@

<8 3.
9* 98 $.8:.6= ;523.-2
293

. !
+
S2= S2
-(n 0)2

!/!0
!
!

!
/ !0!1 0 !1!/ 1 !/!0

6

/ 0 1 !
?:*,=7*3<. 8>*3 958A72 27<.0:*5 -:=0. >:;<. 7.

:*;<*>53*3=C,2 9581=
/ 0 1 !
%9=<* -*+.:. 52 ;. 0 8; @98>5*A<.786@

-89=A<*
.4;952,2<7= 3.-7*-+= 0 $1 /
295
MATEMATIKA 2
296
75
)*(&()" +))&, &($+#

8'-( &< (02 328(9$6, 6425647., ,16(*4$/ 32 32'47&-7

5 3/2:1,0 ,16(*4$/20 '47*( 8456( 32 1-(

*2820 24,-(16,4$120 47%7
&($ &($ & ,(% ! (.$ -(

(

( $!( 94$&71$-02 3/2:1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456(

)*+ * +) + )*

3/2+20 24,-(16,4$120 8$1-5.,0 1240$/$0$

!$'$ 84,-(', 5642*4$'5.,
$75528$ )2407/$

! (
(
(
#

*'-( 57 .25,175, 50-(4$ 8$1-5.( 124
0$/( 1$ 3/2+7
8(.6245.2 32/-( ./$5( 1$ $ 9$6824(12

32'47&-( 20('(12
32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.20 9$6824(120
;

)*+
)
*
+
32 5)(4, ) * + 24,-(16,4$12- 8$1-
5.,0 1240$/$0$
0$02 '$ -(

) *+ * +) + )*
(

'&$% (562
5( 5642*4$'5.,
$75528$ )24
07/$ 9$3,57-( 3202<&7 5.$/$41,+ )71.&,-$ (.$ 57

34, & (07 -(
( () (* (+ ()) * + )
(* ) * + * , (+ ) * + + 6( '$ 50,-(02
34,0,-(1,6, !(24(0 2 ',8(4*(1&,-, 4(0$ 620(

)71.&,-( ./$5( 1$ 2.2/,1, 9$6824(12* 32'47&-$
& ,-, -( 47% 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$ 9$6824(1$
3/2+$ !$'$ -(
MATEMATIKA 2
297

)*+ * +) + )*

!
(

MATEMATIKA 2

(

) * + )*+
$ $

299
298
$./( 6(24(0 2 ',8(4*(1&,-, '$-( 8(97 '825647.2* ,1
6(*4$/$ 32 3/2+, , 6425647.2* ,16(*4$/$ '(4,8$&,-( 32

32'47&-7 20('(120
620 3/2+20 0$02 -2: 5/,&1(
;
64, 8(9( 482 '(1,4$-02 ,16(*4$/(

()
(* !
(+
(

$ $ $
MATEMATIKA 2

(

()

(* !

(+

3$ .$2 325/-(',&7 6(24(0$ 2 ',8(4*(1&,-, '2%,8$02

5/-('(<&, 6(24(0
MATEMATIKA 2
300
76
&($
(.$ 57 9$'282/-(1, 58, 78-(6,
!(24(0$ , 1(.$ -( 5.$/$412 32/-(
./$5( 1$ !$'$ 84,-(',

#

!
(

(

(
#

#

#
MATEMATIKA 2
&($ (.$ -( $ 9$6824(1$ .7*/$ 4$',-75$

$ 5$ 54(',:6(0 7 62&., 1(.$ -( $ $ 34,
3$'1$ 5)(4$ 47% 6( .7*/( $ 82/70(1 2' $

,
# -(',1,&1$ 8$1-5.$ 1240$/$ 1$ 5)(47 $

.2 -( 5.$/$412 32/-( ./$5( 1$ $ $
( 8(.

6245.2 32/-( ./$5( 1$ $ 21'$ -(

#
$ $
!

301
$ $

(
3(4$624( *4$',-(16$ ',8(4*(1&,-( 426$&,-( , $3/$&(
282* 23(4$624$ '(1,4$/, 502 3202<&7 .224',1$612*

5756$8$ 6( '$/, 1-,+28( '(1,&,-( 7 34$82.76120
$46(9,-(820 .224',1$6120 5756$87 /-('(<&, 6(2
4(0 '$-( 1$0 ,94$9( 9$ 6( 23(4$624( 1(28,512 2

.224',1$6120 5756$87 , 1-(*28( 684'1-( 5( & (562 .2
4,56( .$2 '(1,&,-( 6,+ 23(4$624$
$

(
#

!
. *&" '&#!
+)*&

8(.6245.$ *7562<&$ 62.$ 5.$/$412* 32/-$

!
(
(
#
$ $
$
5.$/$41$ *7562<&$ 62.$ 8(.6245.2* 32/-$

MATEMATIKA 2
302
- "#% %*('(* ! ,(% !

(
#
427&$8$02 )* &%(%& 3426-(&$1-( 6(.7<&,1( 6-

3426-(&$1-( 6(.7<&,1( 34, .2-(0 %49,1$
' , *7562<&$
6(.7<&,1( 1( 28,5( 2 84(0(17 1(*2 5$02 2 32/2$-7
7 34256247
$
8(.6245.$ *7562<&$ 62.$ 8(.6245.2* 32/-$

$ $

#
$
241-,0 )2407/$0$ 5( & (562 '(1,4$-7 1$8('(1,

23(4$624, 34, & (07 5( 70-(562 .7*/( $ 79,0$
23<&(1,6,-( 32'47&-( 2.2 62&.( & ,-, -( 47% 1(.$
9$6824(1$ 3/2+$ $ 9$+6-(8 $ 5( 9$0-(1-7-(
9$+6-(820 '$ 5( 32'47&-( 56(( 34(0$ 62&., ,
62 6$.2 '$ 1-(*28 ',-$0(6$4 6(, . 17/,
#$0,5/,02 3/2+7 7 6(.7<&,1, , 32.7:$-02 2'4(',6,

.2/,&,17 6(.7<&,1( .2-$ 6,-(.20 .4$6.2* 84(0(15.2*
,16(48$/$ & 3426(&( .429 3/2+7 " 67 584+7 3/2+7
32',-(/,02 1$ 0$/( 3/2+( #
2/,&,1$ 6(.7<&,1( .2-$ .429 0$/7 3/2+7 ! 3426(&(
6,-(.20 84(0(1$ & 2'4('(1$
-( 82/70(120 &,/,1
;
'4$ .20( -( ! %$9$ $ '7/-,1$ ,982'1,&( -('1$.$

' & 91$&,02 /, 5$
# ! -(',1,&1, 8(.624
1240$/( 1$ 3/2+7 ! 7 62&., ! ! 21'$ -( 5$

' !
# ! &
"! ! !
34,%/,12 '$1$ .2/,&,1$ 6(.7<&,1( .2-$ .429 ! 3426(&(
9$ 84,-(0( & $
" #

' !
# ! !
!
!
&
-( 34,%/,12 '$1$ .2/,&,1$ 6(.7<&,1( .2-$ 7 -(',1,&, 84(
0(1$ 342'(
; .429 3/2+7 " *4$1,&120 5/7&$-7 .$'
MATEMATIKA 2
303
MATEMATIKA 2
304
77
# ! *241-$ 570$ 34(/$9, 7

3/2:1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456(

'
#

.2-, '$-( 64$(17 "&# %+ *"+. % "&! + ! %

"(&- '#&+ $./( ,16(*4$/
,($% '(&*

34('56$8/-$ *&" ,"*&()"& '&#!
' .429 3/2+7
$90264,02 3426-(&$1-( 6(.7<&,1( .429 5)(47 24,-(1
6,4$17 8$1-5.,0 1240$/$0$ , 1(.$ -(

32/75)(4( 2'-(/$ 1$ 32/75)(4( -( ,984:(1$ 2.20,62

1$ 8(.624(
' 2/,&,1$ 6(.7<&,1( .2-$ 7 -(',1,&, 84(
0(1$ 342'(
; .429 5)(47 -('1$.$ -(

'
#

'
#

'
#

4,620 6(.7<&,1$ 7/$9, .429 32/75)(47 3$ -( 62. .429

' #

'
'
#

-(4 -( ' #

'
#

'
'
#

-(4 -( ' #

$./( 7.73$1 62. -( -('1$. 4$9/,&, .2/,&,1( 6(.7<&,1(

.2-$ ,9,'(
; ,9 , 21( .2-$ 7'(
; 7 .2 -( 7.73$1 62.

;
1(*2 7'(
;
8,:( 6(.7<&,1( ,9,'(

.2/,.2 6(.7<&,1( 7'(

'
#
;
62/,.2 ,9,'(
;

8,:( 6(.7<&,1( 7'(
;
1(*2 ,9,'(
;

7'7<&, '$ -( 34(0$ !(24(07

!
'

'
#
$ $
$
*'-( -( $ 5)(4$ 4$',-75$ $ 5$ 54(',:6(0 7 62&.,

62 ,0$02

-( ,9824

1,-( 1, ,9824 1, 32124
!
'

-( 32124

$90$64$1-( 502 02*/, 2%$8,6, .429 %,/2 .2-7

9$6824(17 3/2+7 .2-$ 2%7+8$<&$ 62&.7 !
$ ,9/$9, .429 32/75)(47 3$ -( 62. .429

MATEMATIKA 2
305
420$64$02 3426-(&$1-( 6(.7<&,1( & ,-$ -( *7562<&$

'$1$ 5$ ) * + & $5$ 6(.7<&,1( 7 32'47&-7 7
64(176.7 & '$1$ -( 5$

" &
) * + &

"

&

'
#

'$1$ -( .2/,&,1$ 6(.7<&,1( .2-$ 7 -(',1,&, 84(0(1$

,9,'(
; ,9 32'47&-$ 8$ 3420-(1$
1$56$-( ,9 '8$
',-(/$ " 34820 4('7 3420-(1$ *7562<&( 62.20 84(
0(1$ '234,125, '$ 0$5$

&

6(.7<&,1( ,9,'(
; ,9 $.2 0$5$ ,9/$9, & 3$ -( 9$62
34('91$.
'47*( 564$1( ,9824, ,/, 32124, -$&,1(
.2-, 5( 1$/$9( 7 82/70(17 '234,125( '$ ,9

,9,'(
; 6(.7<&,1$ 0$5(

MATEMATIKA 2
306
$./( 9%4$-$-7<&, , '2%,8$02 7.7317 0$57 .2-$

-( 7 -(',1,&, 84(0(1$ ,56(./$ ,9
% "&%* %+ **
$ 5$
MATEMATIKA 2
307

&

'
#
!0 2 ',8

!
'
34, & (07 502 9$'1-7 -('1$.256 '2%,/, 34,0-(120 6(2
4(0$ 2 ',8(4*(1&,-, '$6/( '2%,8$02

! '

&
7'7<&, '$ 62 84,-(', 9$ 58$.2 32'47&-( ,9 *241-(
,16(*4$/1( -('1$.256, 5/,-(',

!
'

&
('1$'%$ 5( 1$9,8$ !% "&%* %+ ** ,
,*4$ 8$17 7/2*7 7 +,'42',1$0,&, .2 -( 6(.7<&,1$
1(56/$&,8$ 6- .2156$161( *7562<&( 21'$ -(

!
'

.2 -( 79 62 , 3426-(&$1-( %(9846/212 6-
'
:62 -( (.8,8$/(1612 5$
MATEMATIKA 2
308
78
*&")&, &($+#

'
21'$ -(

, 28$ 5( -('1$'%$ 1$9,8$ & ))&%&, !%

.2 3$. 1(0$ 1, ,9824$ 1, 32124$ 7
21'$
-('1$'%$ 34(/$9, 7

!
'
&
-(6,02 5( 4((128( )2407/(

)* ) *
)
*

.2-20 5( '825647., ,16(*4$/ 32 4$81,15.20 32'47&-(
34(82', 1$ .4,87/-1, ,16(*4$/ '47*( 8456( 32 1-(*287

47%7 6$8,02 /,
( '2%,8$02 1-(9,1 8(.
6245., 9$3,5

( ! )* ( $

( & %

.2-$ 9$ 1(56/$&,8( 6(.7<&,1( 34(/$9, 7

62.(528$ )2407/$ &< ( %,6, 3223<&(1-( 4((128( )24

07/( 1$ 342562412 8(.6245.2 32/-(
( 3/2+7 ,
1-(9,1 47%

!
'
4,-( 5$02*$ ,5.$9$ 64(%$ '(1,4$6, 57./$'17 24,
-(16$&,-7 3/2+( , 1-(9,1$ 47%$

$2 :62 502 5( 8(<& '2*2824,/, 3/2+7 9$'$17
-('1$'%20
+ ) *
) *
24,-(16,4$17 -(',1,&1,0 1240$/1,0 8(.624,0$

MATEMATIKA 2
309

)) * * ) * !

# ) *
)) * * ) *
MATEMATIKA 2
310
) )& * *&
&
7'7<&, '$ 5( 47% 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$ 9$6824(1$

.4,87/-$ 2.20,62 342-,&,4$ 1$ , '237:6$
3$4$0(64,9$&,-7

$ ) * ) * ) * !
) *
6$ 5( 24,-(16$&,-$ 5 34(125, 1$ 324$5620

3$4$0(64$ 291$&,02 -( .$2 6-

$ )& *&
&

)& *& )& *& !
&

4,620 *2824,02 '$ 57 3/2+$ , 1-(9,1 47%

)+"#%& &( !%* (%

291$&$8$02 5$ $ 24,-(16,4$17 1240$/$0$

# ) *
5$ 4,-(16,4$-02 47% 32 ',-(
$.$.2 7 5/7&$-7 1(*$6,81( 24,-(16$&,-( '2%,
/28,0$ */$6.7 9$6824(17 4$81,15.7 .4,87/-7 32'47&-$
8$02 2'*28$4$-7<&( 24,-(16,4$1,1, 47% 3$ , 6$'$

329,6,812 6- .$2 34$8,/2 '(51( 47.( .$' -(

3$/$& 24,-(16,4$1 .$2 8(.624 ! 3$ 07 34,',-(/,02
3$4$0(64,9$&,-7 5 324$5620 3$4$0(64$
.$(02 '$ 57 3/2+$ , 1-(9,1 47% 57./$'12

24,-(16,4$1, 4,0,-(6,02 '$ 5( 7 2%$ 5/7&$-$ 4$', 2
32:6,8$1-7 34$8,/$ '(51( 47.( .$' -( 3$/$& 24,-(16,
4$1 .$2 1240$/1, 8(.624
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
311
312
79

*
+
+
)

)
*
&($ *&")&, *&($ (.$ -(

,
( 8(.6245.$ )71.&,-$ ./$5( 1$

24,-(16,4$1$ 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$ 3/2+$ $

57./$'12 -2- 24,-(16,4$1, 47% .2-, -( 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$
9$6824(1$ .4,87/-$ !$'$ 84,-(', *&")&, &($+#

( ( $

( & %

34, & (07 57 , .25,175, 50-(4$

1240$/1,+ 8(.624$ 1$ 3/2+7 57./$'12 24,-(16,4$1, 5
47%20
'&$% $.2 9$ 4((1287 6$.2 5( , 9$

62.(5287 )2407/7 & (562 4$%, 5.$/$41, 9$3,5 " 67
584+7 1(.$ 57

)71.&,-( ./$5( 1$ $ 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.$

3/2+$ 5 47%20 32 ',-(/28,0$ */$6.20 9$6824(120
.4,87/-20 !$'$ 5( 34,3$'1$ 62.(528$ )2407/$ 9$
3,57-( .$.2 5/,-(',

) * +

MATEMATIKA 2
313
MATEMATIKA 2
( $!( 94$&71$-02 &,4.7/$&,-7 8(.6245.2* 32/-$

) * +
( ) * + )*
+
)
*

!$.2 '2%,8$02

(
$ ()) (* * (+ +

) *

(

7'7<&, '$ 57./$'1$ 24,-(16$&,-$ 5 47%20 1$

91$&, 24,-(16,4$17 1240$/$0$
# 5 2%9,420 1$

)
) *

)
) *
*
) *

*
) *

(+ (*

*
+

() (+
(* ()

+
)
)
*

)
*

) *

)*
) *

) *

328/$&,

)) * * ) * !

# ) *
)) * * ) *
MATEMATIKA 2

) * ) * ) *

62

) *

!

)) * * ) * )*
)*
) *
$-34,-( ,9 '$1( -('1$'%( 5/,-(',
'7 24,-(16,4$12*
47%$ 3/2+( 9$'$1( -('
1$'%20 + ) *
+ ) *
314
315
MATEMATIKA 2
316
80

)* )*

MATEMATIKA 2
317
MATEMATIKA 2
0#:+7#/1 $+.1 -1,6

,'&0#&$6 -1,# #0#.+5+%-+/ :#2+41/ 217':6,'
0'21:0#56 (60-%+,6
0':#7+406 7#3+,#$.6 +.+ 0':#7
+40' 7#3+,#$.' + &'3+7#%+,' 0'21:0#5' (60-%+,'
/)
# ! "
3#+/1 (60-%+,6 :# -1,6 73+,'&+

+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# 0#:+7# 4'

#-1 ,' 6 0,1, 0'21:0#5# (60-%+,#
(60-%+,#
4#/1 ,'&0' 7#3+,#$.'

0# 0'-1/ +05'37#.6 60-%+,# ,' 1&3'&'0#

=
;&1 0# -1045#056;
<51 4/1 :#2+4+7#.+ 6 1$.+-6

+#'$+

1$+%0' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,' 3'& 0#,7+<'

&'3+7#%+,' -1,# 4' 0#.#:+ 6 ,'&0#&$+
% 1$+%0' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 51)#
3'&# ,'

+.+
.+%01 $+ 3+,'<+.+ + 231$.'/ !:#45120+/ +05')3+

3#0,'/ &1$+7#/1

#
0#.1)01
6:#45120+/ +05')3+3#0,'/
3,'<#7#/1 +
231$.'/

MATEMATIKA 2
318

+#'$+

,' 1$+%0# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# 2371) 3'&#

0':#7+40# 7#3+,#$.#
0'21:0#5# (60-%+,#
319
MATEMATIKA 2
320
81
+#'$+ #0# ,' &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$#

,' 1$+%0# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# &36)1) 3'&#

0':#7+40# 7#3+,#$.#
0'21:0#5# (60-%+,#
317,'3+/1 ,'46 .+ 0'-' 1& (60-%+,#

3,'<'0,# )130,' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' /#/1

#
,' 2#3%+,#.0# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# 0':#7

+40' 7#3+,#$.'
0'21:0#5# (60-%+,#
!73<5#7#0,'/ 6 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 &1$+7#/1
$ &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 51)# 3'&# ,'

47#-# (60-%+,# -1,# 673<5'0# :#,'&01 4# 471,+/
&'3+7#%+,#/# +&'05+%-+ :#&171.,#7# &#06 &+('3'0%+
,#.06 ,'&0#&$6
$! &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 :0#%+ 1&3'&+5+ 47'
(60-%+,' '-42.+%+501 +.+ +/2.+%+501 -1,'
:#,'&01 4#
471,+/ &'3+7#%+,#/# +&'05+%-+ :#&171.,#7#,6 &#06
&+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6

2# ,' 3,'<'0,'

.+%01

!73<5#7#0,'/ 6 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 &1$+7#/1
MATEMATIKA 2
321

2# ,' 3,'<'0,'

!73<5#7#0,'/ 6 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 &1$+7#/1

322
!" $ 4' &1$+7# +:

12>%') 3,'<'0,# +.+ +05')3#.# :# -10-3'50' 73+,'&
0145+ -1045#05+ # $+ 4' 1&3'&+.1
0'-1 214'$01 3,'<'0,'
1$+%01 4' 2145#7' &1
&#50+ :#*5,'7+
5:7 ! "#! -1,'/6 101 /13#
6&171.,#7#5+ -1 ,' 12>%' 3,'<'0,' 21:0#51 10&#
4' +: 0,')#
5'/'.,'/ 21%'501) 67,'5#
.#-1 +:&7#,#
53#'01 214'$01 3,'<'0,'

MATEMATIKA 2
+#'$+ 2>%' 3,'<'0,' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'

,'

2# ,' 3,'<'0,'
317,'3#
% $ &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 51) 3'&# ,'

(#/+.+,# (60-%+,#

!73<5#7#0,'/ 6 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 &1$+7#/1
)&,' 46 3'#.0' -1045#05'

-1,# &+('3'0
%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 :#&171.,#7# +&'05+%-+

2# ,' (60-%+,# 1$.+-#

MATEMATIKA 2
323
MATEMATIKA 2
324
82
3,'<'0,' :# 47' 73+,'&0145+ -1045#05+ +
+#'$+ 2>%' 3,'<'0,' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
# "# + &1$+7#/1 2#35+-6.#301 3,'<'0,'

,'

2317,'3+5+ &# ,' 51 3,'<'0,' '&65+/

21451,' 3,'<'0,#
=
$ "# + &1$+7#/1 2#35+-6.#301 3,'<'0,'
+

% "# + &1$+7#/1 2#35+-6.#301 3,'<'0,'
2317,'3+5+ &# 46 51 3,'<'0,# -1,# 4' 0' /1)6 &1$+5+

+: 12>%') :# 0'-6 -10-3'506 73+,'&0145 -1045#05'
#-.'
+ 46 4+0)6.#30# 3,'<'0,#

-4
10'-#& 21451,' 3,'<'0,# &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'

-1,# 4' 0' /1)6 &1$+5+ +: 12>%') 3,'<'0,# :#
-10-3'50' 73+,'&0145+ -1045#05+ #
3,'<'0,# 0#:+7#/1 " $
3#( 3,'<'0,# 2#3+5+-6.#301) +.+ 12>%') 4' 0#:+7#
! #" +.+ (#/+.+,# ! #" :#
12>%' 3,'<'0,'
MATEMATIKA 2
325
-2
-2

3#( 12>%') 3,'<'0,# +05')3#.0' -3+76.,' ,' (#/+.+,#
-360+%# 3#&+,64# -1,+/# %'05#3
<'5# 21 14+ # )3#(17+ 4+0)6.#30+* 3,'<'0,# 46
23#7%+ +
MATEMATIKA 2
326
# !
+#'$+ +)&' +,-
21451,#0,' 3,'<'0,#
)& ! 3#:0+/ 4+56#%+,#/# 4' 4643'>%'/1 4

0'-1/ 7'.+%+01/ % +,# ,' $3:0# 231/,'0' 231213
%+10#.0# 4 0,'01/ 53'06501/ 73+,'&01<>%6 23 3#45
2#& 2126.#%+,' 231213%+10#.#0 ,' $31,6 53'0650'
2126.#%+,'
$3:+0# 3#42#&# 3#&+1#-5+70' 57#3+ 231
213%+10#.0# ,' 53'06501, -1.+%+0+ 5' 57#3+
&1$+5 ,'
231213%+10#.0# -1.+%+0+ 6.1'01) 017%#

0#.#'0,' 47+* +.+ 4#/1 0'-+* 3,'<'0,#

,'&+0457'0145 3,'<'0,# 6: &#0' 21%'50' 67,'5'
+ %> '/1 4' $#7+5+ 4#/1 0'-+/ 5+217+/# 1$+%0+* &+('3
'0%+,#.0+* ,'&0#&$+ &1 6-.,6%+71 &36)1) 3'&#
5,
&+('3'0%+,#.0+/ ,'&0#&$#/# 1$.+-#
+

+.+

+.+

76 :#-10+5145 /#5'/#5+%-+ (13/6.+3#/1

&+( ,'& 3'&# "

&#%)/($ # +(#$&( $(
"# 12+4+7#0,' :+-#.0+* 3'#.0+* 231$.'/# % '451
-13+45+/1 /#5'/#5+%-' /1&'.' +&'#.+:#%+,# -1,+ 46
% '451 &#0+ 6 1$.+-6 &+('3'0%+,#.0+* ,'&0#&$+ 1/1>%6
&+('3'0%+,#.0+* ,'&0#&$+ 4' 12+46,6 231$.'/+ -1&
-1,+*
0# 5'/'.,6 53'06501) 45#0,# + 0#%+0# -#-1 4'
0'<51 /+,'0,#
'.+/1 23'&7+&,'5+ $6&6>%0145
7&,' ,'
73+,'/' 0':#7+40# 7#3+,#$.#
7'.+%+0# 2126.#%+,' 0'21:0#5# (60-%+,#

/,'3+ 231/,'06 3#45 +.+ 2#& 2126.#%+,'

6 73'/'06

MATEMATIKA 2
327
MATEMATIKA 2
328
83
3'52145#7-# &# ,' 3#45 2#& 2126.#%+,' 231213

%+10#.#0 $31,6 53'0650' 2126.#%+,' ,' &1$3# #-1
+/#/1 +&'#.0' 67,'5' 23 #-1 4' 3#&+ 1 2126.#%+,+
$#-5'3+,# +.+ +715+0,# 51 :0#%+ &# 023 +7150+ 2314513
0+,' 1)3#0+%'0
0'/# 23+31&0+* 0'23+,#5'.,#
+/# &1
71.,01 *3#0'

!1%+/1

<51 :0#%+ &#
#-1 ,' 10&# ,'

2126.#%+,# 3#45'

<51 :0#%+ &#
#-1 ,' 10&# ,'

2126.#%+,# 2#&#
)&
3'52145#7+/1 &# ,' 3#45 2126.#%+,' 231213
%+10#.#0 ,' $31,6 53'0650' 2126.#%+,'
#.+ &# 7'.+%+0#
2126.#%+,' 21%+0,' 12#&#5+ -#& &14')0' -#2#%+5'5
7' 67,'5' /1'/1 12+4#5+ 17#-1
,'<'0,' ,'

1045#056 1&3'&6,'/1
23'/# 21%'501/ 45#0,6
=
5, 7'.+%+0+ 2126.#%+,' 6 53'065-6 6&6>%+ ,'
3,'<'0,' ,'

3#( 17' (60-%+,' ,'

:# &171.,01 /#.'0

:#

#5'/#5+%-+ /1&'. ,' !

#+/'
#-1 ,'
5,
&171.,01 /#.'0 10&# ,'

2# ,'

y0
y0
0
k>0
k<0
MATEMATIKA 2
329
10&# ,'

5,
2# ,'

2>%' 3,'<'0,' .1)+45+%-' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' &+(

,'& 4# 4'2 7#3 -#40+,' ,'

1045#056 1&3'&6,'/1
23'/# 21%'501/ 45#0,6
=

5, -1.+%+0+ 6 53'065-6 6&6>%+ ,'

+/#/1

5,

MATEMATIKA 2
+#'$+ 6.563# $#-5'3+,# 6 21%'5-6 +/# $#-

5'3+,#
# 4512# 3#45# ,' 231213%+10#.0# $31,6 $#-5'3+,#
#-10 4#5# 2126.#%+,# ,' &3'&+5' +:3#: -1,+
1&3'&6,'
$31, $#-5'3+,# 0#-10 4#5+ 1.+-# ,' 2126
=
.#%+,# 0#-10
4#5#
#5'/#5+%-+ /1&'. ,' 2126.#%+,4-# ,'&0#&$#

2>%' 3,'<'0,' 17' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,'

6&6>%+ ,' +/#/1

#-.'
$6&6>%+ ,'
51 ,'

3#( 17' (60-%+,' ,'

y
MATEMATIKA 2
2# ,'
y0 <K, k>0
330
y0 >K, k>0

#&# ,'

331
MATEMATIKA 2
332
84
+#'$+ ! ,':'31 ,' 26<5'01 3+$# #-10 237'

)1&+0' 4' $31, 3+$' 65314536%+1 &3'&+5+ -1.+-1 %> ' $+5+
3+$' 6 ,':'36 0#-10 )1&+0#
#-1 ,' 231%,'0# &# ,'
-#2#%+5'5 ,':'3# 3+$# "# -1.+-1 73'/'0# %> ' $31,
3+$' 6 ,':'36 0#3#45+ 0#
#5'/#5+%-+ /1&'. ,' .1)+45+%-# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&
0#&$#

)&,' ,' -#2#%+5'5 ,':'3# 2>%' 3,'<'0,'
17' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,'

#-.'
$31, 3+$' 6 ,':'36 0#-10 )1&+0# ,'

#&# 1&3'&+/1 -1.+-1 73'/'0# %> ' $31, 3+$' 6 ,':'36
0#3#45+ 0# /#/1

<51 ,' 23+$.+01 )1&+0' + /,'4'%+

6&6>%+ ,' +/#/1

#-.'

#-1 :0#/1 &# 4' $31, 3+$' 65314536%+1 0#-10 237'

)1&+0'
51 ,' 2# ,'
MATEMATIKA 2
333
+#'$+ 0-)()/ 1%)( "&($

31/,'0#
3
5'/2'3#563' 0'-1) 5+,'.# 231213%+10#.0# ,' 3#:.+%+
5'/2'3#563# 51) 5+,'.# + 1-1.+0' 76 :#-10+5145
/#5'/#5+%-+ (13/6.+3#/1 4#
)&,' ,'

MATEMATIKA 2
334
+#'$+ +)&' -#-+($ 31/153+/1 231$.'/

5+53#0,# /#4' 1$,'<'0' 0# 1236)6 -#1 0# 4.+%+

73+,'/' 0':#7+40# 7#3+,#$.#
5'/2'3#563# 5+,'.# 0'21:0#5# (60-%+,#

5'/2'3#563# 1-1.+0'
,'<'0,' ,'

1045#056 1&3'&6,'/1
23'/# 5'/2'3#563+ 5+,'.#
=
6 53'065-6 6&6>%+ ,'
1&#5.' ,'
+ 3,'<'0,' ,'

MATEMATIKA 2
335
3'/# 11-'171/ :#-106 4+.# 2153'$0# :# 1&3#

7#0,' 1236)' 3#45')0651/ ,'&+0+%# 6&#.,'0145+
1& 0,'0' 23+31&0' &6+0' 231213%+10#.0# ,' 4
,' -1045#05# 1236)' 51)# ,' 4+.# 4
-1,1/ 4' 1236)# 73#>%# 6 21.1#, 3#7015'' ,'&0#-#
&36)' 453#0'
23'/# '8510171/ &36)1/
:#-106 )+$#0,#
4+.# ,' ,'&0#-# 6/01<-6 /#4' +
6$3:#0,#
2# +/#/1

<51 ,' &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# &36)1) 3'&# #40+,'

%> '/1 21-#:#5+ &# 4' 47# 0,'0# 3,'<'0,# /1)6
23+-#:#5+ -#1 -1/$+0#%+,' (60-%+,# +
MATEMATIKA 2
336
85
+#'$+ +-#%&(# "#- . *)&$. ,#& -

'-# ,' 5+,'.1 /#4' $#%'01 67+4 6 53'065-6
21%'501/ $3:+01/
#-1 ).#4+ &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# :# 0#,,'&014
5#70+,+ /1&'. 6 -1,'/ :#0'/#36,'/1 15213 :3#-# +
231/,'06 )3#7+5#%+,4-1) 21.,# 4 7+4+01/
&3'&+ 21.1#, 5+,'.# 6 73'/'06
5' 0#,7+<6 7+4+06 &1
-1,' %> ' 4' 101 212'5+
$2($ :0#%+/1 4# 21.1#, 5+,'.# 01 %> ' 4'
)+$#5+ 3#&+ 51)# <51 ,' $#%'01 21%'501/ $3:+01/
#
,'&+0# 4+.# -1,# %> ' &,'.17#5+ 0# 0,')# ,' )3#7+5#%+,4-#
4+.# -1,# &,'.6,' 23'/# &1.,'
&#-.' 46231501 1& 21
3#45# 7#3+,#$.' 36)+ '851018 :#-10 &#,' 0#/
,'&0#&$6

<51 ,' 1$+%0# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# &36)1) 3'&#

#
-1,6 3,'<#7#/1 6:#45120+/ +05')3+3#0,'/ 1$+7#/1

23+ % '/6 -1045#056 1&3'&6,'/1
+: 21%'50+* 67,'5#
=
MATEMATIKA 2
337
#,7+<6 7+4+06 -1,6 5+,'.1 &14')0' /1'/1 1&3'&+5+

23'/# 67,'56 :# '-453'/ (60-%+,'

2# ,'

1&#-.' 0#-10 ,1< ,'&01) +05')3+3#0,# &1$+7#/1

-1 ,' 6 53'065-6 21.1#, 5+,'.#
10&# ,'

+/' 4/1 3+,'<+.+ &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 ,'<'0,'
0#/ 12+46,' 21.1#, 5+,'.# 6 17+40145+ 1 73'/'06

3#( 5' (60-%+,' ,' 2#3#$1.# 6 -113&+0#501/ 4645#76
-+%+3#, ,'
MATEMATIKA 2
338

% )#(
# +(#$&( $( *+/)!
+
),-)$($ +$2($
7&,' %> '/1 621:0#5+ -3+5'3+,' :# 3,'<+7145 &+('3'0%+,#.
0+* ,'&0#&$+ <51 &126<5#,6 :#2+4
1&#-.' 4.+,'&+

-1 ,' 6 53'065-6 $3:+0#

10&# ,'

23+ % '/6 ,'

&#0# (60-%+,#
-1,# 6&171.,#7# 0'-+/ &1&#50+/ 67,'5+/#
# 53#'01
3,'<'0,' ,' 0'21:0#5# (60-%+,# ,'&0'
7#3+,#$.'
31$.'/ 0#.#'0,# 3,'<'0,# &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'

-1,' :#&171.,#7# &#0+ 21%'50+ 67,'5
:#
5,
0#:+7# 4' #6%*9,'7 231$.'/ +.+ 231$.'/ 4 21%'50+/ 67,'5+/#
MATEMATIKA 2
339
MATEMATIKA 2
340
86
)&$ ,'$+)/
)+' #+)/ '-# 46 &#0' (60-%+,#

+ 51%-# + 0'-#
21451,+ 23#71-650+

5#-#7 &# 73+,'&+

6&171.,#7# 5:7 +24%*+5:176 67,'56 0# 21
7#3+,#$.+
5,

#&# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$#

4 21%'50+/ 67,'51/

+/# 51%01 ,'&01 3,'<'0,' -1,' ,' 0'23'-+&0# (60-%+,#

31, 0#:+7#/1 +24%*+5:171/ -1045#051/
341
+#'$+
$&46$-6( 32/-( 50-(428$ 9$ -('1$'%(

.2 ,5&46$02 58( 50-(428( 7 58,0 62&.$0$

32'47&-$ '(1,&,-( 21, &< ( 1$0 '$6, *)&$
,'$+)/ ,9 .2-(* 02(02 72&,6, *4$)28( ,16(*4$/1,+
.4,87/-$ 2/-( 50-(428$ 1$0 1$-&(:<&( '$-( '2%47
,'(-7 2 ,9*/('7 4-(:(1-$
MATEMATIKA 2
342
$ 5/,&, 34,.$9$12 -( 32/-( 50-(428$ 9$ /2*,56,&.7

',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$%7

$ 5/,&, 34,.$9$1$ 57 32/-$ 50-(428$ 9$ ',)(4(1&,

-$/1( -('1$'%(

#%2* /$.:(* &46$1-$ 2'4('7-(02

#0)%&#( .4,87/-(
;
.2-( 53$-$-7 62&.( 5 -('1$.,0 .2(&,-(1620 50-(4$
6$1*(16( !2 57 .4,87/-( 5 -('1$'%20
-(4 -( 7 1-,0$
46$02 ,+ 9$ 1(.( ,56$.176( 84,-('1256, .2156$16(
)&,' ,' #
MATEMATIKA 2
$./(
',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$ ,0$ 5/-('(<&7
*(20(64,-5.7 ,16(434(6$&,-7
7 58$.2- 62&., 2'4('(1
; -( 50-(4
6$1*(16( 1$ 1(.7 ,16(*4$/17 .4,87/-7 6( -('1$'%(
.2-$ 342/$9, 620 62&.20

4-(:(1-( ',)(4(1&,-$/1(
.2-( 342/$9, 62&.20 21'$ .2(-(16

50-(4$ 6$1*(16( 1$ .4,87/-7 7 62&.,
,9125, 734$82

,' 0'23'-+&0# 0#

.2 -( )71.&,-$
-('1$'%(

.2-$ 23,57-( 4$56 .7/674( %$.6(4,-$ & ,-$ -( 5623$ 4$56$

1$ 5$6
$ 0$.5,0$/$1 .$3$&,6(6 32'/2*(
%$.6(4,-$ "9 78-(6 '$ 1$ 32&(6.7 ,0$02
%$.6(4,-$ 4-(:(1-( ',) -('1$'%( -( '$12 5$

$ $.2 -( 1$ 32&(6.7 %,/2 %$.6(4,-$ 4-(:(1-( */$5,

MATEMATIKA 2
343
MATEMATIKA 2
344
87
# +(#$&( $( , )$&$#/#' ,*+#+(#'

/+#$&'
4(63256$8,02 '$ 5( 2%,&1$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$
3482* 4('$
02( 9$3,5$6, .$2

+#'$+
-(:(1-( ',)(4(1&,-$/1( -('1$'%(

-(

6-
34, & (07 -( 1(34(.,'1$ )71.&,-$ !$'$ -( 58$.$

34,0,6,81$ )71.&,-$ 9$ )71.&,-7 1(.2 4-(:(1-( 342
0$64$1( -('1$'%( $,0(

6- 58$.$ )71.&,-$ ,9 5.73$

.2 -( 134 32&(61, 78-(6
325(%12 4-(:(1-(
/, 84,-(', , 2%4$612

58$.2 4-(:(1-( 3420$64$1(
',)(4(1&,-$/1( -('1$'%( -( 1(.$ 34,0,6,81$ )71.&,-$
9$ )71.&,-7
-(4 024$ %,6, #$./-7&7-(02 '$
-( 23<&( 4-(:(1-( 32/$91( ',)(4(1&,-$/1( -('1$'%( 34,
3$'1, 1(2'4('(1,
,16(*4$/ , 3,:(02
;

'2%,8$02

.2 -( 34,620
6-

%,/2 .2-( 325(%12
4-(:(1-(
21'$ 5( 58$.2 '47*2 4-(:(1-( 4$9/,.7-( 2'
1-(*$ 9$ 1(.7 $',6,817 .2156$167
6-

MATEMATIKA 2
345
420$64$-02 5$'$ 0$/2 23<&(1,6,-, 5/7&$-

6- ',)(4(1&,
-$/17 -('1$'%7
.2-$ '237:6$ 9$3,5

-2- 5(
'$./(
8$4,-$%/( 02*7 2',-(/,6, 5(3$4,4$6, 6$.2
'$ 5( '2%,-( -('1$'%$

16(*4,4$-7<&, 2%-( 564$1( '2%,8$02

MATEMATIKA 2
346
+#'$+
,)(4(1&,-$/12- -('1$'%,

-( (.8,8$/(161$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$

.2-$ 5( 582', 1$
.$' -(
:62 50$64$02 23<&,0 4-(:(1-(0

6- 1-(9,12 4-(:(1-( -(
5.73 58,+ )71.&,-$ ,03/,&,612 9$'$1,+ 620 ,16(*4$/120
-('1$'%20
4,620 .$(02 '$ 502 32/$917 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('
1 ,*+#+$.#
1 /+#$&
1$'%7 4,-(:,/, )#$&$.$.#

,

,-(:,02 287 9$'1-7 32' 58,0 1$91$&(1,0 2*4$1,&(

1-,0$ 16(*4,4$-7<&, 2%-( 564$1( '2%,8$02

7'7<&, '$ -( %,-(.&,-$

62 9$ 58$., 325
62-, 1(., 6$.$8 '$ -(
3$ ,0$02

/,-(', '$ 23<&( 4-(:(1-( '237:6$ 9$3,5

MATEMATIKA 2
347
MATEMATIKA 2

348
88
*)'( 58$ 6$ 4-(:(1-$ '237:6$-7 342:,4(1-(

1$ 62&.7 34,3$'120 84,-('12:<&7
$ 5/,&, -( 34,.$9$12 1(.2/,.2 4-(:(1-$

y
$534$8,02 5$'$ 5/7&$-(8( :62 502 ,+ %,/, ,5./-7&,/,
10
328/$&,
3$ 784:6(1-(0 7 32/$917
-('1$'%7 '2%,8$02

/,-(', '$ -( , .2156$161$ )71.&,-$
f1
f -5
0
f-5
4(0$ 6207
58$ 4-(:(1-$ 57 '$1$ 5$

$ %, 5( 2'4(',/2 325(%12 4-(:(1-(

:62 7'282/-$8$
32&(61207 78-(67

64(%$ ,94$&71$6,
.2156$167 ,9 -('1$'%(

2%,8$02
3$ -( 325(%12 4-(:(1-(

"2&,02
$.2 -( 024$ %,6,
-(4 58$
4-(:(1-$ 342/$9( 62&.20 3$ 6$'$ 0('7
;
1-,0$ 6,0 32&(61,0 78-(620 1,-( 2'4('(12
325(%12
;
4-(:(1-(

$320(1,02 '$ -( 5,1*7/$412 4-(:(1-(
-(4 *$ 1( 02(02 '2%,6, 2'$%,420 .2156$16(
MATEMATIKA 2
349
MATEMATIKA 2
350
+#'$+
('1$'%$
)')!( # +(#$&( $(

237:6$ /, 2%,&1$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$

582'(1-(
1$ 2%/,.
;

*2824,02 2 ")')!()$ ',)(4(1&,-$/12- -('1$'%,
3482*$ 4('$ "84:6(1-(0
f1

!

!

! !

$./(
23<&( 4-(:(1-( 50,-(02 9$3,5$6, 7 2%/,.7

!
!
! !

! !
! ! !
!
! !
'2%,8$02 -('1$'%7
! !
4-(:(1-( .2-( -(

!

!

!
6-

7'7<&, '$ -( !
64$(12 23<&( 4-(:(1-( -(56

351

-( +202*(1$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$ 3482*$ 4('$

-(4 ',-(/-(1-(0 5 34(/$9, 7

#$0-(120
! !
'2%,8$02 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7 5 2'-(/-,8,0 8$4,

-$%/$0$
MATEMATIKA 2

4-(:(1-(
$32.21
7 62&., 32/$912- -('1$'%, 7'2
82/-$8$
:62 5( 7./$3$ 7 34(6+2'1, 5/7&$-

f0
MATEMATIKA 2

352
89
.2 -( 3$. 21'$ 32562-, %42- 6$.$8 '$ -(

!$'$ 9$0-(120
420$64$-02 5$'$ ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7
.2-$ '237:6$ 9$3,5

! !
582',02 32/$917 -('1$'%7 1$

!

!

!
.2 -( '(6(40,1$16$

$ 28$ 2&,62 '237:6$ 2',-(/,6, 8$4,-$%/( ! ,
21'$ /,1($41, 5756$8

,0$ 62&12 -('12 4-(:(1-(
4(&,02
"8('(02 /, 6$'$ 9$0-(17

#$0-(120 ! ! ! '2%,8$02

!
!

! !

1$9,8$02 &#(+()' # +(#$&()' $()'

3482*$ 4('$ 87 84567 -('1$'%, 4-(:$8$02 6$.2
'$ 3482 4,-(:,02 698 34,3$'17 (*)-*.(. ,/, ")
')!(. ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

',-(/-7-7<&, 8$4,-$%/( '2%,8$02
2(02 3,5$6, ! ! , 9$ 23<&( 4-(:(1-(

'2%,8$02

2'12512

354
,)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7 :62 '237:6$ 9$3,5

! !

! !
MATEMATIKA 2
#(+( # +(#$&( $(
!
! !
!
! !
!
!

! !

32/$91$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$ 34(/$9, 7 +202*(17

',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7
353

.2-7 4-(:$8$02 1$ 34,-( 23,5$1, 1$&,1
MATEMATIKA 2
+#'$+
,-(:,02 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

756$8 -('1$'%,
,0$ 4-(:(1-( , 9$0-(120

'2%,8$02 +202*(17 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

!
!

! !

'$./(

,-( 6(:.2 '2.$9$6, '$ 5( 5$'$ 698 /+#+($' %)(

,-(- 70-(562 .2156$16( 5( 78456, 1(3291$6$
)71.&,-$ '2/$9, '2 23<&(* 4-(:(1-$ 32/$91( 326
371( -('1$'%( $,0(
34(63256$8,02 -( 23<&(
4-(:(1-( 2%/,.$

34, & (07 64(%$ 2'4(',6, '2 1$ $',6,817 .2156$167

MATEMATIKA 2
355
MATEMATIKA 2
356
90
)71.&,-7 " 67 584+7

78456,02 6$3$'1, 7 32/$917 -('1$'%7

:62 '$-(

, 34,
+#'$+
,)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$

-( (.8,8$/(161$ -('1$'%,

$ 734$82 23,5$1, 1$&,1 '2%,8$02

3$ 8$4,4$-7<&, .2156$167 9$./-7&7-(02 '$ -( 23<&(
4-(:(1-( 2%/,.$

*'-( 64(%$ 2'4(',6, )71.&,-7

4(0$ 6207
23<&( 4-(:(1-( /,1($41( ',)(4(1&,-$/1(
-('1$'%( 3482*$ 4('$ -(56

4(0$ 6207
64$(12 23<&( 4-(:(1-( -(56

.2-( 5( 02( '2%,6, , ',4(.612 ,9 )2407/(
MATEMATIKA 2
357
#$'$02 /, 1(., 32&(61, 78-(6

34,0-(4,&(
'2%,8$02

3$ -( 34,3$'12 325(%12 4-(:(1-(

MATEMATIKA 2
358
+#'$+
('1$'%$

!
! !

!
582', 1$ /,1($417 32 ! ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7
.2-2- -( 23<&( 4-(:(1-(

!

$./(
32/$91$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$ ,0$ 23<&(
4-(:(1-(
! !
.2-$ 5( '$/-( 4-(:$8$ 1$ 23,5$1, 1$&,1
MATEMATIKA 2

!

34(/$9, 7 /,1($417 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

.2-7 1$9,8$02 +().&&#$/)' $()' 1$

5( 9$0-(120

9$0-(120

4,'2'$-02 . 2820( , ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

359
MATEMATIKA 2

360
91
+#'$+
,)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$
!0%-( # +(#$&( $(

.2 ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$
'237:6$
9$3,5

6- $.2 -( 626$/1, ',)(4(1&,-$/
1(.( )71.&,-( !
21'$ *2824,02 2
(*9$.612- ',)(4(1&,-$/12- -('1$'%, 3482*$ 4('$
2( 5( 32.$9$6, '$ 7.2/,.2 -( 21'$ -(
)71.&,-$ 2%/,.$

-( (*9$.61$ -(4 -(

32' 78-(620

62*$ -( 1-(9,12 23<&( 4-(:(1-(

.2 ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$

1,-( (*9$.61$ , $.2 32562-, )71.&,-$
6$.8$ '$ -(

MATEMATIKA 2
362
.2 -( )71.&,-$ 5$02 -('1( 8$4,-$%/( %,/2 %,/2

21'$ -( 1-(*282 2'4(',8$1-(
4(/$6,812 /$.2 $,0(
;
,16(*4$&,-5., 07/6,3/,.$624 02(02 2'4(',6, ,9
78-(6$

(*9$.61$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$

6$'$ -( 58$.2
4-(:(1-( (*9$.61( ',)(4(1&,-$/1( -('1$'%(

7-('12 4-(:(1-( 32/$91( -('1$'%(

".2/,.2 -( 6$'$ -(
$.624 )71.&,-7 1$9,8$02 #(-!+#$,%#' ,/,

.&+)/#' '.&-#*&#%-)+)'

'4(',8$1-(
)71.&,-( 1,-( 78,-(. -('1256$812
;
3<&(1,62
64(%$ 4,-(:,6, 1(.7 3$4&,-$/17 ',)(4(1&,
-$/17 -('1$'%7
MATEMATIKA 2

#$+6,-(8$02 /,
34,0-(4,&(
'$ -( & ,0 -(
'2%,8$02 3$ -( 34,3$'12 325(%12 4-(:(1-(
361

:62 5( 02( 1$3,5$6, .$2

MATEMATIKA 2
6-
"2&,02 '$ -(
34,0-(4,&(
58$.$ ',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('
1$'%$ 5 2'-(/-,8,0 8$4,-$%/$0$ (*9$.61$

3$ ,0$02

363
MATEMATIKA 2
364
92
'4(',02 7/(428 07/6,3/,.$624
".2/,.2 -( 6$'$ -(

3$ ,0$02

56$-( 4,-(:,6, -('1$'%7

+#'$+ ,-(:,6, ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

7'7<&, -(

',)(4(1&,-$/1$ -('1$'%$ 1,-( (*9$.61$
MATEMATIKA 2
365

% )#(
# +(#$&( $( +.!)!
+
3<&(1,62
',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

582',02 9$0-(120

# +(#$&( $(

/,-(',

'2%,8$02 -('1$'%7

, '$/-(

'2%,8$02 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7 3482*$ 4('$

3$ -( 23<&( 4-(:(1-(

'4(',02 /, 1-(9,12 4-(:(1-( ,16(*4,4$1-(0

'2%,8$02 64$(12 4-(:(1-(

MATEMATIKA 2

21'$ 9$0-(120

!2 -( -('1$'%$ .2-$ '237:6$ 2',-(/-,8$1-( 8$4,-$%/$
.2 5( 7 32/$912- ',)(4(1&,-$/12- -('1$'%, 1( 32

-$8/-7-( (.53/,&,612
6- $.2 -('1$'%$ '237:6$ 9$3,5

1$ 5756$8

366
+#'$+
,-(:,02 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7
#$0-(120

MATEMATIKA 2
367
MATEMATIKA 2
368
93
# +(#$&( $(

#$0-(1$
.2 5( 7 ',)(4(1&,-$/12- -('1$'%,

1( 32-$8/-7-( (.53/,&,612 .$2 3$4$0(6$4
6- $.2 6$
-('1$'%$ '237:6$ 9$3,5

7 28207 34,0-(47 328/$&,

6-

$./(
024$ %,6,

,/,

21'$ -(

.2 -(
21'$ -(

.2 -(
+#'$+ ,-(:,02 ',)(4(1&,-$/17 -('1$'%7

21'$ 320$( 9$0-(1$

6( 2'4(',02 325(%12 4-(:(1-( :62 7'282/-$8$ 32&(6

1207 78-(67

6-

/,-(',

$

%

&

4,0,-(6,02 '$ -( 348, 5/7&$- 2%7+8$<&(1 '47*,0

'
$',02
5$'$ 64$(1$ 325(%1$ 4-(:(1-$
;
MATEMATIKA 2
369
$ 2&(61, 78-(6
,

784:6(1 7

MATEMATIKA 2
*(*" ) $! , )$%') % )

59 4/ 0>85-34+
328/$&,
,
% 2&(61, 78-(6
( ) ) ) ( ) ) )

29791/8+ :9 ?+;34+,6+7+ ) ) )
=4 +59 4/
( %) %) %) % ( ) ) )
328/$&,
3 :;3=97 8+A3?+79 <=>:+84 29791/89<=3 9.
98.+ .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,>
,
:62 -( 342675/28/-( $./(
'$ 1( 32562-, 325(%12
4-(:(1-( .2-( %, 7'282/-,/2 6207 32&(6120 78-(67
& 2&(61, 78-(6

A+74/897
328/$&,
)
,

328/$&,
=4

,

* (
* *(
<?9.379 8+ .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,> :;?91+ ;/.+

( * ( * * ( * * * (

' /,&12
32&(61, 78-(6

( ) ) )

370

( * * *
9.89<89
( * * *
MATEMATIKA 2
371
MATEMATIKA 2
372
94
#,3-8> .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,> .;>191+ ;/.+ <

9:3<+837 <?94<=?97 8+A3?+79 #*(*" )*( :9 ?+;3
4+,6+7+ ) ) )
( ) ) ) ) !
363
,$(% , 30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+

$9.<4/=379 </
9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.
8+.,/ !=91 ;/.+
) ! ( ) ) ) ) !
() )) )
4/ !:+;+7/=+;<5+ 0+73634+ 5;3?>64+
4/ 29791/8+ 4/; 4/
( ) !
(%) %)%) %) %() )) )

*+74/8+ )
* (
* *(
?9.3 .9 4/.8+.,/
=4
( *
*
:+ 4/
) ( ) ) ( ) ) ( )

) ! ( )!

(

3 .9,3?+79 :9</,89 363 :+;=35>6+;89 ;4/C/84/
+>-2@4/? :;9,6/7 A+ 4/.8+.,> !=91 ;/.+ 16+<3

9.;/.3=3 ;4/C/84/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/ 594/
A+.9?964+?+ :9-/=8/ >?4/=/
(
(

+ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ :96+A8/ 4/.8+.,/ 4/<=
* (
)
(

(
$9<=+?64+ </ :3=+84/ 5+. -E / +>-2@4/? :;9,6/7 37+=3

4/.38<=?/89 ;4/C/84/ # =97/ 19?9;3 8+;/.83 =/9;/7
MATEMATIKA 2
373
*, ( $,*0 "/5+ 4/ 0>85-34+ ./83;+8+

> 8/594 9596383 =9-5/ ( ) ) ) )! 3 8/5+ >
=94 9596383 A+.9?964+?+ >?4/=/
( ) ) ) ) ! 4/ 8/:;/53.8+ 0>85-34+
#8.+ :9<=943 38=/;?+6 ( ( 959 =9-5/ (

8+ 594/7 4/.8+.,+
) ! ( ) ) ) ) !

37+ 4/.38<=?/89 ;4/C/84/ ) ) ( 594/ A+.9?964+?+
:9-/=8/ >?4/=/
*+ ! >?4/=

)
MATEMATIKA 2
374
*+3<=+
A+ 8/53 ) ) 37+79

'7 <;/. ?;

( ) ( )

) ( ) )
) )
:9<=943 =+5+? .+ 4/

)
)
) !
!
594+ 3./8=3-53 A+.9?964+?+ .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,>

'/ :;93A?9648/ 598<=+8=/ 9.;/.4>4/79 3A !
:9-/=832 >?4/=+
( * * *
&634/.3

( )
+56/
>74/<=9 3:<-23=A9?91 >?4/=+ A+ 0>85-34>
:9 ?+;34+,63 )
> =/9;/7> 9 4/.38<=?/89<=3 ;4/C/84+
+>-2@4/?91 :;9,6/7+ A+ .30 4/.8+.,> :;?91
;/.+
79/ </ A+2=34/?+=3 4+-3 >?4/= 91;+83-/89<=

:+;-34+68/ ./;3?+-34/

)
(?4/=
9<31>;+?+ :9<=94+84/ ;4/C/84+ +>-2@4/?91
:;9,6/7+
+ >?4/= 9<31>;+?+ 4/.38<=?/89<= ;4/C/84+
&5>: <?32 =9-+5+ ( ) > 59437+ 834/ 3<:>84/8 >?4/=
4/.38<=?/89<=3 ;4/C/84+ A9?/79 -$)"/',)$ -&/+
;+A7+=;+8/ .30 4/.8+.,/ '+5+? <5>: </ 79/
<+<=94+=3 9. 3A963;+832 =9-+5+ 363 :+5 79/ <+.;+?+=3 3
8/5/ 5;3?>64/ # =97/ :9<634/
:9?6+-3 .+ 0>85-34+ 8+ <5>:> A+.9?964+?+

3:<-23=A9? >?4/= :9 ?+;34+,63 ) <+ 598<=+8=97
MATEMATIKA 2
375
MATEMATIKA 2
376
95
$) ,) $! , )$%') % ) &*)-.).)$( &* $% ).$(

59 .30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+ .;>191+ ;/.+ .9:>C=+
A+:3<

) ) ) (

19?9;379 9 '$) ,)*% $! , )$%')*% % )$ .;>

191+ ;/.+ - &*)-.).)$( &* $% ).$( ( <6>-+4>
.9,3?+79
) ) )

C=9 4/ :;3:+.8+ 494 #*(*" ) 363 ) +*.+/) 4/.

8+.,+
!9/ </ .95+A+=3 .+ :;97+=;+8+ 638/+;8+ .30/;/8
-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+ 37+ =9-89 4/.89 ;4/C/84/ >A .+83
:9-/=83 >?4/= ( ( ) ) ) ) - 37 4/ 0>85-34+
8/:;/53.8+ *&$. -($
*, (
59 <> ) ( 3 ) ( .?+
;4/C/84+ 638/+;8/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
98.+ 4/ 3
) ( (
)$$% %/E-3 -E /79 .+ <> .?+ ;4/C/84+

) ( 3 ) ( 638/+;8/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
'$) ,)* ) 10$-)
+59 3A

8>60>85-34+
<634/.3
;3=/;34 638/+;8/ 8/ A+?3<89<=3 .+8 4/ :979E-> =A?
,*)-&$%) ./=/;738+8=/ );98<591
*, ( 59 <> 0>85-34/ ) ( 3 ) (
638/+;89 A+?3<8/ =+.+ 4/ );98<534+8

( (
A+ <?+53 (
(
( (
95+A
*, ( 59 <> ) ( 3 ) ( 638/+;89
8/A+?3<8+ ;4/C/84+ 638/+;8/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
98.+ 4/

( (
A+ <?+53 (
(
( (
;4/C/84/ =/ 4/.8+.,/
95+A A;+?897 :;9?4/;97 <+73
MATEMATIKA 2
377
MATEMATIKA 2
378
*, ( 59 <> ) ( 3 ) ( .?+

638/+;89 8/A+?3<8+ ;4/C/84+ 638/+;8/ 29791/8/ 4/.
8+.,/
98.+ 4/
*, ( $9<=943 ,;94 #
;/+6+8 363 597:6/5<+8
=+5+? .+ 4/
) #(
) ( (
:9</,89 ;4/C/84/ 29791/8/ 638/+;8/ .30/;/8-34+68/

4/.8+.,/
84/A389 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/

95+A
9:><=379 .+ ;4/C/84/ 29791/8/ 638/+;8/ 4/.8+.,/

,>./ 3
;/+68/ ?+;34+,6/
=4
0>85-34+

( &( '(
:;3 - /7> <> & 3 ' ;/+68/ 0>85-34/
) #( ) ##( 3 ) ##(

> 4/.8+.,> .9,3?+79
#(# #
=4
/;3?+-3497 0>85-34/ <7+=;+79 0>85-34>
( ( & ( ' (

5+. 19. <> 0>85-34/ & 3 ' ./;3?+,368/ /.89<=+?89
4/ :;9?4/;3=3 .+ '/9;/7 3 '/9;/7 ?;34/./ 3
A+ 9?+5?+ .?+ 597:6/5<8+ ;4/C/84+ < 598<=+8=+7+

# :9<=94+84> :9</,891 ;4/C/84+ 29791/8/ 638/+;8/
4/.8+.,/ 19?9;3 <64/./E-3 =/9;/7
MATEMATIKA 2
9;7+6837 >?;C=/84/7
379
# #

C=9 4/ =A? &,&. ,$-.$)
% ) .30/;/8-34+68/
4/.8+.,/ >.>E-3 .+ <?+5+ 5?+.;+=8+ 4/.8+.,+
37+ ;4/C/84/ > 363
+ > 9?97> <6>-+4> .9,3?+79

#

=9 <> ) #( 3 ) #( :9</,8+ ;4/C/84+ .30/;/8-3

4+68/ 4/.8+.,/
MATEMATIKA 2
380
96
B=9?3C/
+59 4/ :;3=97 # # 98.+ 4/
#(

#(
( #(
# ###(
# # # (
*, ( 59 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+ 2979

1/8/ 638/+;8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/ 37+ <+79
4/.89 ;4/C/84/
=4 +59 4/ # # #
98.+
4/
:9;/. ) #(
:9</,89 ;4/C/84/ 3
:+ <> :;3:+.8+ :9</,8+ ;4/C/84+ 638/+;89 8/A+?

3<8+ $9 '/9;/7>
) #( #(
) (#(
B=9?3C/
,>.>E-3 .+ <> 0>85-34/ ( #( 3 ( (#( 638
/+;89 8/A+?3<8/
98.+ 4/
4/ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
) #( (#(
59 4/
:+5
# # 98.+ </ ;+.3 9 <+79 4/.897
:9</,897 ;4/C/84> '/9;/7
9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/

95+A
&6>-+4 5984>13;+89597:6/5<832 ;4/C/84+ #

5+<834/
MATEMATIKA 2
381
( <6>-+4> 5984>13;+89597:6/5<891 ;4/C/84+ 5+;+5

=/;3<=3-8/ 4/.8+.,/
=4
MATEMATIKA 2

&'%/&
#:E-/ ;4/C/84/ 29791/8/ 638/+;8/
.30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
) ) )
#
9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ ) #( #( <5>: 597:6/5<832
0>85-34+ 29791/8/ 638/+;8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
A+:3<>4/79 9?+59
)
(

(
(

(

382
(

(
( (( (
4/<= <5>: <?32 0>85-34+ C=9 .9:>C=+4> 9?+4 A+:3<

#( #(
#( (#(
( ( (
- 37 4/ # 3 # #
- 37 4/ # # #
- 37 4/ #
:;3 - /7> <> # ;4/C/84+ :;3:+.8/ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8/ 4/.

8+.,/ # #
( ( (

( ( (
:;3 - /7> 4/

,$(% , 9791/894 638/+;894 .30/;/8-34+6894 4/.

8+.,3
)
)
)
#<37 =91+
6+59 </ :;9?4/;3 .+ <> 0>85-34/
:;3:+.+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+
( ( ( ( (
#
#

638/+;89 8/A+?3<8/ 8+. - 37 4/
59494 4/ ;4/C/84/ # # #:E-/ ;4/C/84/ :;97+

=;+8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/ 4/
.+56/
) ( ((
MATEMATIKA 2
383
MATEMATIKA 2

384
97
*, ( 59 4/ .+89 ,369 594/ :9</,89 ;4/C/84/

638/+;8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
) ) ) (

98.+ </ 84/A389 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ .9,3?+ :;3,;+4+84/7
=91+ :9</,891 ;4/C/84+ 9:E-/7 ;4/C/84> :;3:+.8/ 494
29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
) ) )

95+A
#:E-/ ;4/C/84/ ) 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/ >?34/5
A8+79 9.;/.3=3
:+ 8+7 9<=+4/ 9.;/.3=3 8/59 ,369
594/ :+;=35>6+;89 ;4/C/84/ )" 4/.8+.,/

1.4/ <> 3 598<=+8=/

( 3 % ( :9638973 <=>:
84+ 9.89<89 % =+.+ :9</,89 ;4/C/84/ )" 79/79
8+E-3 3 7/=9.97 8/9.;/./832
59/-34/8+=+ $+;=35>
D
6+;89 ;4/C/84/ =;+379 > 9,635>
)"( ($( ( ( ( (
) (
385
$;3:+.8+ 29791/8+ 4/.8+.,+ 4/

(

(

(
( (
( (

%

( (
( ( (

%

( (
( ( (
( (

( ( ( ( ( ( (

,$(% , %34/C379 638/+;8> .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.

8+.,> < 598<=+8=837 59/-34/8=37+

1.4/ <> ( 3 ( :9638973 < 8/:9A8+=37 59/

-34/8=37+ <=>:84+
% 3 1.4/ 4/ $ 5;+=89<=
MATEMATIKA 2
9/-34/8=/ :963897+ ( 3 ( 9.;/.>4/79

D
3A >?4/=+ .+ 0>85-34+ )" 3./8=3-53 A+.9?964+?+ 8/
29791/8> 4/.8+.,> >85-34+7+ =3:+ <>
9,>2?+E-/83 3 <:/-34+683 <6>-+4/?3 .+83 <64/./E-97 =+,63
-97
(
59 4/ <69,9.+8 - 6+8 ( 8/29791/8/ 638/+;8/

.30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/ 0>85-34+ 9,635+
( ( ( ( % ( (
59;34/8+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8/ 4/.8+.,/

=4
+59 834/ ;4/C/84/ 5+;+5= 4/.8

$

$
+59 4/ ;4/C/84/ 5+;+5= 4/.8
) ) (
3 9.;/.379 494 :9</,89 ;4/C/84/ 594/ A+.9?964+?+
:9-/=83 >?4/= (
)
)
MATEMATIKA 2
386

(
( (
( (
) )
+56/

3 :+ 4/ =;+/89 :9</,89
;4/C/84/ )" ( "+:9598
:9 '/9;/7> <634/.3
.+ 4/
+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+ 4/
#
) ( ( (
%4/C/84/ # :9?6+-3 .+ <>
=;+/89 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/
) ( 3 ) (
638/+;89 8/A+?3<8+ :9</,8+ ;4/C/84+ 29791/8/ 4/.
8+.,/ '+59 .9,3?+79 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/
$9</,89 ;4/C/84/ 594/ A+.9?964+?+ :9-/=83 >?4/=

(
)
) .9,3?+79 9.19?+;+4>E-37 >?;C=/
8437+

) ( (
=/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/ ( :96+A894 638/+;894 .30/;/8
-34+6894 4/.8+.,3 4/

&634/.3
:+ 4/ =;+/89 :9</,89 ;4/C/84/
) ( (
( ( (
:963897 :;?91+ <=>:84+ $9 =+,63-3
4/; 4/ $ A+
:9</,89 ;4/C/84/ =;/,+ >A/=3 :963897 :;?91 <=>:84+
(
(
( ( (

98.+ 4/ 84/A389 :9</,89 ;4/C/84/ A,;94 9. :9 4/.891
:9</,891 ;4/C/84+ <?+5/ :;3:+.8/ 4/.8+.,/
9/-34/8=/ -E /79 7> 9.;/.3=3 :9 .+894 >:>=3
MATEMATIKA 2
*, ( 59 4/ > .30/;/8-34+6894 4/.8+.,3
) ) ) (
387
MATEMATIKA 2

388
98
,$(% , %34/C379 638/+;8> .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.

8+.,> < 598<=+8=837 59/-34/8=37+
) ) ) ( ( (
$;3:+.8+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+ # #
37+ 5984>13;+89597:6/5<89 ;4/C/84/ #
:+ 4/ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ :;3:+.8/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
) ( ( (

>.>E-3 .+ 4/
( ( ( (
(?;C=/84/7 < )" 3 )" > :;?>

9.89<89 .;>1> 4/.
8+.,> 3 9.19?+;+4>E-37 3A4/.8+-+?+8437+ .9,3?+79

(
( (
) "

(
(

&+.+ 4/
:9 '/9;/7>

(
( (
)" )" ) "

)"

(
(

:9</,89 ;4/C/84/ :96+A8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
"+:9598
:9 '/9;/7>

=9 -E /79 A+ :;98+6+/84/ :9</,891 ;4/C/84+ :96+A8/

4/.8+.,/ 8+4:;34/ >:9=;34/,3=3 '/9;/7
$;97+=;+479
.+56/
.?34/ :;3:+.8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.
8+.,/
) ) ) ( (
) ( ( (

(
( ( (
(

4/<= 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/

) ) ) (
#<=+4/ 8+7 9.;/.3=3 :9</,8+ ;4/C/84+ *+ :;?> 4/ =9

)"
( ( (
) ) ) ( ( (
+ A+ .;>1>
)" ( (

MATEMATIKA 2
389
MATEMATIKA 2
.* 0,$%$% &*)-.).$

(596359 0>85-34+ <7/=84/ ( 834/ 9,635+ 59;3<=379
7/=9.> ?+;34+-34/ 598<=+8+=+ "+37/
9:E-/ ;4/C/84/
) 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
) ) )
>?34/5 A8+79 9.;/.3=3
=9 8+7 9<=+4/ 9.;/.3=3 8/59
:9</,89 ;4/C/84/ )" 4/.8+.,/ "4/1+ -E /79
=;+3=3 8+ 8+-38 .+ > 9:E-/7 ;4/C/84> :;3:+.8/ 2979
1/8/ 4/.8+.,/ ) ) ) 598<=+8=/ 3
A+734/8379 0>85-34+7+ ( 3 ( +56/ =;+/89
;4/C/84/ 4/ 9,635+
)" ( ) ( )

) ) )
) ) ) ) )
(?;C=+?+84/7 .9,3?/832 3A;+A+ > ) ) ) (
.9,3?+79
) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) (
>.>E-3 <> ) 3 ) ;4/C/84+ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/
.9
,3?+79
) ) (
1.4/ <> ( 3 ( A+ <+.+

8/:9A8+=/ 0>85-34/
9?96489 4/ 9.;/.3=3 4/.8> 8/:9A8+=> 0>85-34>
+ 8/
.?34/
>596359 A+.+79 8/5> ?/A> 3A7/.>
D =32 0>85-34+
/;3?3;+84/7 4/.8+.,/ .9,3?+79

)
)
)
)
$;/7+ =97> 8/:9A8+=/ 0>85-34/ 3 A+.9?964+?+4>

<><=+?
) )
) ) (
)
'9 4/ 638/+;83 <><=+? 9. .?34/ 8/:9A8+=/ 0>85-34/ 3

/=/;738+8=+ 9?91 <><=+?+ 4/ >:;+?9

) )

(
) )
"/5+ 4/ ?/A+ 7/.>

D =;+/837 0>85-34+7+
( ) )
7+79
MATEMATIKA 2
390
391
MATEMATIKA 2
392
99
>.>E-3 <> 0>85-34/ ) 3 ) .?+ 638/+;89 8/A+?3<8+

;4/C/84+ 29791/8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
98.+ 4/ ( A+ <?+53 ( :+ <><=+? 37+ 4/.38

<=?/89 ;4/C/84/ ( 3 ( &+.+ 4/

( ( ( 3 ( ( (
,$(% , %34/C3=/ .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,>

) )
(
#:E-/ ;4/C/84/ :;3:+.8/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/ 4/

(

(
(
8=/1;3;+84/7 .9,3?+79

( ( (
(
&634/.3

) ( (
(
(

( (
) ( (
( (
$;/=:9<=+?379 .+ 4/ :+;=35>6+;89 ;4/C/84/ .30/;/8-3

4+68/ 4/.8+.,/ 9,635+
) ( ( ( (
( (
+56/

(

) ) "
(

(
4/ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ .+8/ .30/;/8-34+68/ 4/.8+.,/
!/=9.97 ?+;34+-34/ 598<=+8=/ .9,3?+79 <><=+?
) ) )"
( (
( (
( (

(

( (

(
A =91 <><=+?+ .9,3?+79
MATEMATIKA 2
393
0% / <+73 #.;/.3=/ 9:E-+ ;4/C/84+ .30/;/8-3

4+6832 4/.8+.,3
) ) ) (
) )
(
) ) ) (
) ) ) ( (
) )

(
MATEMATIKA 2
394

!+4B+837643?343 :;9,6/7 5943 </ <?9.3 8+ .30/;/8-34+68>

4/.8+.,> .;>191 ;/.+ 4/ =3=;+84/ 7+</ 9,4/C/8/ 8+
9:;>1> '34/69 7+</ =3=;+ 8+ 9:;>B3 594+ 37+ 59
/-34/8= 9:;>1/ &><=+? 37+ .9.+=89 =;/84/

1>C/84/ < 59/-34/8=97 1>C/84+ + 8+ =34/69
.4/6>4/ ?+84<5+ <36+ 5+9 8+ <63-3
) ) (
*+ 638/+;8> .30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,> ,/"*" ,
<+ 598<=+8=837 59/-34/8=37+ 79/ 63 5;+=89<=
?3C/<=;>59<= 59;34/8+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8/ 4/.
8+.,/ ,3=3
#,4+<83=/ A+C=9
94/1 ,3 ;/.+ :96+A8+ .30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+,+ 79;+6+
,3=3 .+ ,3 84/8+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+ 37+6+
.?9<=;>53 59;34/8 9,635+
!/5+ 4/ " ! 9=5698 =34/6+ 9. :969+4+ 73;9?+84+ >

=;/8>=5> ! !+ =34/69 .4/6>4> <64/./E-/ <36/
MATEMATIKA 2
395
MATEMATIKA 2
396
100
<36+ 1>C/84+ 594+ 4/ :;9:9;-398+68+ ,;B383
"

!
( 8+44/.89<=+?834/7 <6>-+4> 5+.+ 8/7+ 83 1>C/84+ 83

?+84<5/ <36/ ;+.3 </ 9
#;3
:+.8+ 29791/8+ .30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+ 16+<3
<36+ 59497 .4/6>4/ 9:;>1+ :;/7+ 995/9?97

B+598> + 594+ 4/ :;9:9;-398+68+ 9=5698> 9.
:969+4> 73;9?+84+
"
!4/8+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+ 4/

3 ?+84<5+ <36+ !

#;/7+ .;>197 !/@=989?97 B+598> 13,+84+ 7+<+
:>=+ +5-/6/;+-34+ :;974/8+ 37:>6<+ =34/6+ 4/ :;9:9;
-398+68+ <363 594+ .4/6>4/ 8+ =9 =34/69 +56/ 4/.8+.,+

13,+84+ 16+<3
=4
"
"
" !
!
!

"
"
!
"
"
" !
!
!
+ =9 4/ 638/+;8+ .30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+ .;>191 ;/.+

< 598<=+8=837 59/-34/8=37+

:+ 4/ ;4/C/84/
" ! ! !

(B 9B8+5/

37+79
" ! ! !

=4 :9 +.3-39897 =/9;/7>
" ! !

MATEMATIKA 2
397
( <6>-+4> 5+.+ 37+ 1>C/84+ +63 8/7+ ?+84<5/ <36/ :;3
:+.8+ 29791/8+ .30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+ 16+<3

" ! ! ! !

( <?+ =;3 <6>-+4+ ?;34/.3 " ! ( :;?97
!
<6>-+4> ;+.3 </ 9 1>C/84> ,/B =3=;+84+ > .;>
197 <6>-+4> 79/ .9E-3 .9 4/.895;+=891 :9;+<=+

:9-/=891 9=5698+ 8+598 - /1+ 8+<=>:+ 1>C/84/
,/B =3=;+84+ + > =;/E-/7 <6>-+4> </ ;+.3 9 1>C/897
=3=;+84> 959 :969+4+ ;+?89=// #;374/;3 :98+C+84+
<><=+?+ <> .+83 8+ <63-3

:+ 4/
398
+59 4/

98.+ 4/
;4/C/84/ 4/ .+89 <+
"
"
"

!
!
!4/8+ 5+;+5=/;3<=3-8+ 4/.8+.,+ 4/

MATEMATIKA 2

%+B635>4/79 =;3 <6>-+4+

+59 4/
98.+ 4/ ;4/C/84/ .+89 <+
" !
!
!
+59 4/
98.+ 4/ ;4/C/84/ .+89 <+
" ! ! ! !
MATEMATIKA 2
399
MATEMATIKA 2
400
101
(596359 8+ <><=+? .4/6>4/ 3 ?+84<5+ <36+ ! ;+.3 </ 9

+ .30/;/8-34+68+ 4/.8+.,+

37+ ;4/C/84/
"
"
" !
!
!

+56/ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/
" ! " "
1.4/ 4/ " ;4/C/84/ :;3:+.8/ 29791/8/ .30/;/8-34+68/

4/.8+.,/ + " 8/59 84/89 :+;=35>6+;89 ;4/C/84/
!/5+ 4/ 8:; ?+84<5+ <36+ 4/.8+5+
! !
1.4/ 4/

" !
!

!

!

</ <+<=943 9. .?+ .34/6+ #;?3 .39 =4 " =/3 5 8>63 5+.+
!
3 =+4 .39 :;/.<=+?64+ ;>13
.39 =4 " 4/ :/;39.3-5+ 0>85-34+ < :/;39.97

#;374/; :98+C+84+ <><=+?+ 4/ .+8 8+ <63-3
+9 C=9 <79 ?/E- ?3.4/63 59. ;4/C+?+84+ :;3:+.8/ 29
791/8/ 4/.8+.,/ ;+B635>4/79 =;3 <6>-+4+ ( :;?97

<6>-+4> 5+.+ 4/
;4/C/84/ :;3:+.8/ 29
791/8/ 4/.8+.,/ 4/ .+89 <+
"
!
!
+ :+;=35>6+;89 ;4/C/84/ 79/79 9.;/.3=3 7/=9.97

8/9.;/./832
59/-34/8+=+ 3 .9,3=3
D
"

!

!+ <63-+8 8+-38 </ .9,34/ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ 3 > :;/9<=+6+

.?+ <6>-+4+ 5+.+ 4/
363

MATEMATIKA 2
401
#;979=;379 49C 3 <><=+? < :;3<36837 9<-36+-34+7+ ,/B

1>C/84+ - 34+ 4/.8+.,+ 16+<3
"
" ! !
!

%4/C/84/ :;3:+.8/ 29791/8/ 4/.8+.,/ 4/

" ! !

!

402
59 4/ 98.+ 4/ =9 :9=/8-34+689 8+49:+<8343

<6>-+4 4/; ?+84<5+ <36+ 3 ;4/C/84/ 29791/8/ 4/.
8+.,/ =+.+ 37+4> 3<=> 0;/5?/8-34> 3 8+<=+4/ 0/897/8

<><=+?+ ( 9?97 <6>-+4> 4/
9:E-/ ;4/C/84/ 4/.8+.,/ .+89 <+
" ! !
%+B635>4/79 .?+ <6>-+4+ 59 4/ 98.+ 4/ :+;
=35>6+;89 ;4/C/84/
"
MATEMATIKA 2
!
!

'9 4/ :/;39.3-5+ 0>85-34+ < :/;39.97

/.>=37
9<-36+-34/ <> 8/97/./8/
5+.+ !
:+
D
D
-E / B+ .9?96489 ?/6353 ! .9E-3 .9 ;+B,34+84+ <><=+?+
#;374/; :98+C+84+ <><=+?+ 4/ .+8 8+ <63-3
C=9 >B 9B8+5/ 5+9 :;34/ .+4/ 9:E-/ ;4/C/84/
" ! !

!

98.+ 4/ =9 :/;39.3-5+ 0>85-34+ <
59 4/

:/;39.97

( <>:;9=897 4/ =9 <59;9 :/;39.3-5+ 0>85-34+
MATEMATIKA 2
403
(9-379 .+ .9 0/897/8+ ;/B98+8-34/ 8/ 79/ .9E-3

>596359 <><=+? 37+ 1>C+-
2==:/8@353:/.3+9;1@353'+-97+*!+;;9@<*;3.1/
2==:/8@353:/.3+9;1@35398.98* 366/883>7*;3.1/
MATEMATIKA 2
404
102
2==:@@@A9>=>,/-97@+=-2?1$ 9&(

2==:@@@A9>=>,/-97@+=-2?7-6:$7<
.30/;/8-34+68> 4/.8+.,>

/2+83-53 <><=+? 5943 </ <+<=943 9. 7+</ 9:;>1/ 3
1>C+-+ 37+ <?94 /6/5=;3-83 /5?3?+6/8= '9 4/ <=;>483
5;>1 5943 </ <+<=943 9. 598./8B+=9;+ 5+:+-3=/=+
0+;+.+ 9=:9;+ 97+ "27 3 B+?9483-/ < 38.>5
=3?3=/=97 2/8;34+ 8+ 5943 .4/6>4/ /6/5=;979=9;8+

<36+ 594+ > =;/8>=5> ! :;93B?9.3 8+:98 9. ! ?96=+
) 3 <=;>4> 9. ! +7:/;+ 5+9 8+ <63-3

!
!

B 9?/ 4/.8+.,/ 79/79 .9,3=3 638/+;8> .30/;/8
-34+68> 4/.8+.,> .;>191 ;/.+ 8+ .?+ 8+-38+

(?;C=+?+84/

!
.+4/

!

!
!
.95 ./;3?3;+84/ .+4/
#;/7+ "279?97 B+598> :+. 8+:98+ 8+ 9=:9;> 4/.
8+5 4/ #+. 8+:98+ 8+ B+?9483-3 4/.8+5 4/

! +

:+. 8+:98+ 8+ 598./8B+=9;> 4/.8+5 4/

:;3
/7>

4/ 8+,94 :9B3=3?8/ :69-/ 598./8B+=9;+
#;/7+ 3;-29009?97 B+598> B,;94 :+.9?+ 8+:98+
4/.8+5 4/ 8+:98> 594/1 .+4/ 3B?9; :+ 37+79
MATEMATIKA 2
405
(-$ 0- #(%$0$-"() +- )$#- #! 2.& 0$#

'&0#&$# 1$.+-#
# $ # $ # $ # $ #

817' 4' +(-$ 0- #(%$0$-"() +- )$#- #! 2.&
0$# -1 ,' (60-%+,# 4/'50,' # 8# ,'&0#&$6
-#'/1 &# ,' '.,.&$-
+ 4/1 &1 4#&# 3#8/#53#.+ 0,'0 42'%+,#.#0 4.6%#, 8#
+ -1045#050' (60-%+,' # # + # 5,
3#8/#53#.+ 4/1 .+0'#306 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 &36
)1) 3'&# 4 -1045#050+/ -1'%+,'05+/#

-1 ,' # 10&# 4' ,'&0#&$# /1'
0#2+4#5+ 6 1$.+-6

$ # $ $ $
23+ % '/6 ,'

# $ $ $

#
# #
#
$
$
$

#
#
#
#

!
!
!
(<:9;/.>4>E
D -3 9,4/ :;/=29.8/ 4/.8+.,/ < 4/.
8+.,97 B+564>->4/79 .+ 4/ B+?9483-+ /5?3?+
6/8=8+ < 7+<97 9=:9; < 1>C+-/7 + 598./8B+=9; <

9:;>197 '+59./;
D B+564>->4/79 .+ :;34/6+B8+ 0+B+
;4/C/84+ 9.19?+;+ B+1;34+?+84> /6/5=;3-891 >;/.+4+
D
.95 4/ 9=:9; 8>+8 ;+.3 3B,4/1+?+84+ ;/B98+8-34/
<><=+?+
MATEMATIKA 2
406
2#3%+,#.0' &'3+7#%+,' +8 &36)1) 67,'5# 51) 5'13'/# +8
).'&#,6 17#-1

# #

#

$ #
$ # $ #
51 46 1/'&'0'
(60-%+,' 2# ,' 8#&171.,'0 + &36)+ 67,'5
:
+%#3&171) 5'13'/# "#51 ,'&0#&$# +/# 51%01
,'&01 3,'9'0,' 8# $+.1 -1,+ +8$13 21%'50+* 67,'5#
$ # $
$ # $
$ # $
14'$01 3#8/153+/1 '.,.&$-3 +(-$ 0-3 #(%$0$-

"() +-3 )$#- #!3 #03&.& 0$# 4 0'-1045#050+/
-1'%+,'05+/#
$ # $ # $

-1 46 $ + $ &7# .+0'#301 0'8#7+40# 3,'9'0,# 17'

,'&0#&$' (60-%+,' -1,' 0+46 231213%+10#.0' 5#&#
,' + 0,+*17# .+0'#30# -1/$+0#%+,#
$
$
$
-1 46 (60-%+,' # + #

0'23'-+&0' 10&# ,' 8#&171.,'0 237+ 67,'5 +%#3&171)
'13'/# 8# &+( ,'&0 7+9') 3'&# 6&6;%+ &#
5#-1&'3
: 3,'9'0,' *1/1)'0' ,'&0#&$' 8# $+.1 -1,6
73+,'&0145 -1045#05+
+
1 ,' 12;%' 3,'9'0,'
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
407
408
103
&+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' #'/1 &# (60-%+,' $

+ $ 4# 23'5*1&01 0#7'&'0+/ 471,457+/# % +0' ! 53
0)$6$-) *1/1)'0' .+0 &+( ,'&0#&$'
-1 80#/1 ,'&01 3,'9'0,' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
10&# 56 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 /1'/1 3+,'9+5+
,$2.#., 1-( 4 -) 0$# .+0'#30' &+('3'0%+,#.0'
,'&0#&$' -1,6 %; '/1 21-#8#5+ 0# 4.,'&';%'/ 23+/,'36
0(,)$0 &3'&+ 12;%' 3,'9'0,' &+('3'0%+,#.0'
,'&0#&$'
#$ #$ $

$ " # "
" # "
5,

" # " "#
#
#
#" "
#&# 40+#7#/1 3'& &1$+7'0' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&
0#&$' 8#/,'01/
" %
+ &1$+7#/1
#% %
3+/+,'5+/1 0#,23+,' &# ,' $ # # 2#35+-6.#301

3,'9'0,' 17' ,'&0#&$' 7'&+/1 0176 (60-%+,6 "
8#/,'01/
$
$
"

$ #
6&6;%+ &# ,'
$ "#
&1$+7#/1
% % #
#
%

%
#
&#5.' ,'
" %

#
$
"
#

#
2# ,'
$ " # "
67345+79+ 5' +83#8' 6 013/+3#06 &+( ,'&0#&$6 '-7+7#
.'0506 21.#801,
$ # #"
# #
#
12;%' 3,'9'0,' 21.#80' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'

$ $ $
#
#
MATEMATIKA 2
409
3#5+/1 4' 12'5 0# 3#8/#53#0,' .+0'#30' &+('3'0%+
,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
51) 3'&#
$ # $ # $ # $ #
"# (60-%+,# $ $ $ -#'/1 &# 46 +(-$ 0-.
-$5 4(1-$ 0# +05'37#.6 #-1 3'.#%+,#
$ # $ # $ #

217.#%+
410
51)# 46 (60-%+,' $ $ $ .+0'#301 0'8#7+40' 0#

+05'37#.6 #-1 + 4#/1 #-1 ,'
8# 0'-+ #
$ $ #
2;%' 3,'9'0,' 0'*1/1)'0' ,'&0#&$' +/# 1$.+-
$ $ $
#
)&,' ,' $ 0'-1 2#35+-6.#301 3,'9'0,' 5' ,'&0#&$'

# $ 12;%' 3,'9'0,' 23+2#&0' *1/1)'0' ,'&0#&$'
,'9'0,' *1/1)'0' +/# 1$.+-

!3104-+,#0 (60-%+,# $ $ $

$

$
$ $ #

$

MATEMATIKA 2
,' &'5'3/+0#05#

$
$

$
##
$ $ # $ # $ #

23+ % '/6 .+0'#301 0'8#7+40' (60-%+,' $ $ $
5713' %3-# ,$-2 +-( 1*3/ ! 53 0)$6$-)
"# !3104-+,#0 73+,'&+ 4.,'&';%' "# 231+871.,#0 #
$ $ #
$ $ #
#
$ $ #
$ $ #
#
-1.+-1 80#/1 12;%' 3,'9'0,' *1/1)'0' ,'&0#&$'

3,'9'0,' 0'*1/1)'0' ,'&0#&$' /1'/1 0#;%+
/'51&1/ 7#3+,#%+,' -1045#05+ ,'9'0,' 0'*1/1)'0'
,'&0#&$' +/# 1$.+-
$ # # $ # # $ #

23+ % '/6 (60-%+,' # 1&3'&6,'/1
+8
:
MATEMATIKA 2
411
MATEMATIKA 2
412
104
67,'5# &# $ # 8#&171.,#7# 0'*1/1)'06 ,'&0#&$6

+ ,19 0'-+* &1&#50+* 67,'5# &# 47' &'3+7#%+,' 1& $
+/#,6 +45+ 1$.+- -#1 + 4#/# (60-%+,# $
60-%+,' # &1$+7#/1 -#1 3,'9'0,' 4645#7#

$ $ $

$ $ $

$
$
$

$ $ $ #

02.&.- +-$ ( (5.&.- +-$ 20 )$*2.0()$

"#&#0# ,' (#/+.+,# -3+76.,# 12+4#0# ,'&0#&$1/
# $
3#+/1 ,'&0#&$6 (#/+.+,' -3+76.,#
-1,' 4+,'-6 8#&#06 (#/+.+,6 21& 0'-+/ -65'/ 5,
47#-' &7+,' -3+76.,' +8 21,'&+0+* (#/+.+,# 4+,'-6 4'
21& 5+/ -65'/ 3+76.,' +8 5' (#/+.+,' 0#8+7#/1
(5.&.- +-(, # 8# .02.&.- +-(,
20 )$*2.0() , 21.#80' (#/+.+,' -3+76.,#
14562#- 1&3'&+7#0,#
,'&0#&$' (#/+.+,' +81)10#.0+*
:
53#,'-513+,# 1&7+,# 4' 6 0'-1.+-1 -13#-#
+4-3+/+0#05# 171) 4645#7# ,' !3104-+,#0 $ $

6&6;%+ &# ,' !3104-+,#0 3#8.+%+5 1& 06.' ,'3 46
$ $ $ .+0'#301 0'8#7+40' 51 23'5*1&0+ 4645#7
3#/'317 +/# ,'&+0457'01 3,'9'0,'
05')3+3#,6;%+ 51 3,'9'0,' &1$+7#/1 53#'0' (60-%+,'
# #
-1 46 6 ,'&0#&$+ -1'%+,'05+ #
5#&# +/#/1 .+0'#306 &+('3'0%+,#.06
,'&0#&$6
51) 3'&# 4 -1045#050+/ -1'%+,'05+/#
-1,6 3,'9#7#/1 #0#.1)01 42'%+,#.01/ 4.6%#,6 5'
,'&0#&$' 8# -1,+ 4/1 7';% 1$3#&+.+
#,23+,' 1&3'&+/1 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6

# $ $ 21%'50' (#/+.+,' 0# 4' &1$+7#
'.+/+0#%+,1/ -1045#05'
+8 4645#7# ,'&0#&$+

$ $ #

#
$

#

$

#
$
"# -65 /'&6
: &7,'/# -3+76.,#/# 73+,'&+

)&,' 46 + -65'7+ -1,' 5#0)'05' 0# 5' -3+76.,'

MATEMATIKA 2
413
8#57#3#,6 4# 218+5+70+/ &+,'.1/ 14+ #
MATEMATIKA 2
414
14'$01 #-1 53#+/1 1351)10#.0' 53#,'-513+,'

21.#80' (#/+.+,' -3+76.,# 10&# 6/,'451 +/#/1

$ $

$ $
2# ,'
# $

$ $ 5, $
$

$

&+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# 53#'0' (#/+.+,' 1351)10#.0+*

-3+76.,#
-1 46 -3+76.,' ).#5-' 10&# ,'

$ $
$ $
$
$

$

83#8 8# $ -#1 (60-%+,6 1& $ 67345+/1 6 &+('3'0%+
,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 (#/+.+,' -3+76.,#

$

# $ $ # $

$
1$+7'06 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 (#/+.+,' +81)1
0#.0+* 53#,'-513+,# 3+,'9+/1 + 5#-1 &1$+7#/1 53#'06

(#/+.+,6 -3+76.,# # $

MATEMATIKA 2
415
# )130,1, 4.+%+ 23+-#8#0' 46 1351)10#.0' 53#,'-513+,'

$ # + # $

MATEMATIKA 2
416
105
0(,)$0 &3'&+ -3+76.,' -1,' 4+,'-6 47#-6 1&

2#3#$1.# $ # 21& 23#7+/ -65'/
351)10#.0' 53#,'-513+,' # $ + #
$

371 1&3'&+/1 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 21%'50'

(#/+.+,' '3+7+3#0,'/ '.+/+0+3#/1 2#3#/'5#3
$ #
$ #
$
$
$
#
#
#
+/' 4/1 &1$+.+ &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 21%'50'

(#/+.+,' +('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 1351)10#.0' (#/+.+,'

23'/# &1$+7#/1 #-1 6/,'451 $ 45#7+/1
$

$
#

$$
$
#

#
#

$ $

81)10#.0' 53#,'-513+,'
$ # + !

#
$

#-.' &1$+.+ 4/1 (#/+.+,6 '.+24#
0(,)$0
&3'&+ (#/+.+,6 53#,'-513+,# -1,' 4+,'-6
8#&#06 (#/+.+,6 -360+%# # $ 21& -651/ 1&
7

MATEMATIKA 2
417
(-&3+ 0- 0)$6$-) #(%$0$-"() +-$ )$#- #!$

/04.& 0$#
418
#-.' 4+0)6.#301 3,'9'0,' /1'/1 &1$+5+ 5#/1 )&,'

46 +4260,'0+ 67,'5+
# $ $
(-&3+ 0-. 0)$6$-)$ &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
# $ $
,' 101 3,'9'0,' -1,' 0+5+ 6 ,'&01, 51%-+ 0' 8#&171.,#7#
67,'5 ,'&+0457'0145+ 3,'9'0,# +,'9+/1 176 ,'&0#&$6
21 $
$ # $
7,'5 ,'&+0457'0145+ 3,'9'0,# 8# 0'-6 51%-6 # $ 6 +
%#3&171/ 5'13'/6 $+5 %; ' 0#369'0 6-1.+-1 2#3%+,#.0#

&'3+7#%+,#
0' 21451,+ 6 51, 51%-+ 3'/# 5'13'/6 1
$
+/2.+%+501, (60-%+,+ 8# 56 &'3+7#%+,6 73+,'&+

# $ $
$
0# 0';%' 21451,#5+ 6-1.+-1 ,' $31,0+- 171) 3#8.1/-#

$'4-10#%#0 +.+ 0#8+70+- ,'&0#- 06.+
419
+.+

# $ $
$
.+/+0#%+,1/ $ +8 4645#7# &1$+7#/1

# $ 587 #(1*0(,(- -2-3 *0(43+)3 0#
4#&3+ 47# 4+0)6.#30# 3,'9'0,#
8 # $ &1$+7#/1 3,'9#7#,6;%+ 21 $ (60-%+,'
$ # $ # ' -3+76.,' 0' /13#,6
0601 $+5+ 3,'9'0,# 8#&#0' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
2# 8# 47#-6 1& 0,+* 53'$# 2317,'3+5+ 8#&171.,#7#,6 .+
,'&0#&$6 +.+ 0'
0(,)$0 "# ,'&0#&$6

&1$+7#/1

$
$

$
$
$
MATEMATIKA 2
MATEMATIKA 2
$ $

$
$
+ 1&#5.' $ ' (60-%+,' ,'46 4+0)6.#30# 3,'9'0,#

8#&#0' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
+0)6.#30# 3,'9'0,# /1'/1 &1$+5+ + 6 214562-6
0#.#'0,# 12;%') 3,'9'0,# 8 ,'&0#&$' &1$+
7#/1
MATEMATIKA 2
420
106

$ $
5, &7+,' '-42.+%+50' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 14
562#- 0#.#'0,# 3,'9'0,# +05')3+3#0,# 23171&+/1

+451&1$01
$

#
$
$
$ #

71,0+%6 5, 4+0)6.#301 3,'9'0,' /1'/1 &1$+5+ +

'.+/+0#%+,1/ 2#3#/'53#
+8 4645#7#
$ #

#-.' 12;%' 3,'9'0,' % +0+ (#/+.+,# 4+0641+&# # 4+0)6
.#30# 3,'9'0,# $ + $ 6 47#-1, 471,1, 51%-+

&1&+36,6 0'-6 1& 4+0641+&# +8 12;%') 3,'9'0,#
+0)6.#301 3,'9'0,' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,' .4.
)-(" -4$+./ (#/+.+,' -3+76.,# # $

12;%') 3,'9'0,# 8#&#0' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$'
2;%'0+51 171,0+%# 0'-' (#/+.+,' 3#70+04-+* -3+76.,#
# $
,' -3+76.,# -1,# 6 47#-1, 471,1, 51%-+
&+3# ,'&06 1& -3+76.,# +8 (#/+.+,' # $

# $

# $

#1 3,'9'0,' 51) 4645#7# &1$+7#/1 #(1*0(,(- -2-3

*0(43+)3 17' (#/+.+,' 71,0+%# 6-1.+-1 21451,+
/13# $+5+ &+1 5' -3+76.,' +4-3+/+0#050# -3+76.,# 68
171,0+%6 /1' 4#&3#7#5+ + 0'-' &36)' -3+76.,' 023
-3+76.,' -1,' 231.#8' 51%-#/# 4#/123'4,'-# -3+76.,# +.+
51%-#/# .1/# -3+76.,# 6 -1,+/# &'3+7#%+,# 0' 21451,+
)'1/'53+,4-# /,'45# 4+0)6.#30+* 51%#-#
21/'0+/1 &# ,' 47#-# -3+76.,# 171,0+%# 471,+* 5#0
)'0#5#
MATEMATIKA 2
421
MATEMATIKA 2
0(,)$0 &3'&+/1 171,0+%6 (#/+.+,' -360+%#
# $

# $ $ #$$ #
&#7&' 5#-1&'3
: /1'/1 0#;%+ 4+0)6.#301 3,'9'0,'
7,'3+ 4' &# ,' 101 8#&#01 ,'&0#&$1/ $ #
.+/+0+3#,/1 -1045#056
+8 4645#7#
# $

$

8 &36)' ,'&0#&$' &1$+7#/1
$ # 67395#
7#0,'/ 6 2376 ,'&0#&$6 $ # #-.' 171,0+%#

8#&#0' (#/+.+,' -360+%# 4#451,+ 4' 1& 23#7#%# $ #
+ $ #
13/+3#,/1 4#& &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 % +,' ,'
3,'9'0,' 21.#80# (#/+.+,# -360+%# .+/+0+3#/1 .+
2#3#/'5#3
+8 4645#7#
# $

&1$+7#/1
#

# $
$
#
# $$

$
$
13'& 4+0)6.#30+* 3,'9'0,# &+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$#

$ # $ /1' +/#5+ + +81.+3#0' 1(-&3+ 0-$ 2."*$
1 46 10' 4+0)6.#30' 51%-' 6 % +,1, 1-1.+0+ 0'/# &36)+*
4+0)6.#30+* 51%#-# 318 5' 51%-' 231.#8+ 7+9' +05')3#.
0+* -3+76.,# 8#&#0' &+( ,'&0#&$' +.+ 0+,'&0# 1%-'

-318 -1,' 231.#8+ 4#/1 ,'&0# +05')3#.0# -3+76.,# 0#8+

7#/1 0$&3+ 0-$ 2."*$
0(,)$0 .,'&';%' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' +/#,6

+81.+3#06 4+0)6.#306 51%-6 6 +4*1&+956
$
$

#
$
$

#
#
$
$
# 0#-10 43'&+7#0,#
+83#8# &1$+7#/1 &+('3'0%+,#.06
:
,'&0#&$6
MATEMATIKA 2
422
423
MATEMATIKA 2
424
107

312 4 .# #4()3 .!("-('
#(%$0$-"() +-(' )$#- #!(
2;%' 3,'9'0,' 17' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,'

$
#
# 51 ,' (#/+.+,# 23#7#%# -318 +4*1&+95' #-.' -318
+4*1&+95' 231.#8+ $'4-10#%01 +05')3#.0+* -3+76.,# 47'
17' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 2# ,' 10# +81.+3#0#
4+0)6.#30# 51%-# 7' 145#.' 51%-' 3#70+0' 46
3')6.#30'
2;%' 3,'9'0,' 17' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,'
$
#
# 51 ,' (#/+.+,# 2#3#$1.# 4# 5,'/'01/ 6 +4*1&+956 2#
,' +4*1&+95' 8#+45# +81.+3#0# 4+0)6.#30# 51%-# ,'3 -318
0,6 231.#8' 47' 2#3#$1.' 5' (#/+.+,' 7' 145#.' 51%-'
3#70+0' 46 3')6.#30'
3+31&01 ,' 4645#7
# $ % $ %
# $ % $ %
1& &7+,6 1$+%0+* &+('3'0%+,#.0+* ,'&0#&$+ 2371)# 3'&#
4 &7,'/# 0'2180#5+/ (60-%+,#/# 21-69#5+ 3+,'9+5+ 21
4.+%0145+ 4 1&)17#3#,6;%+/ 4645#71/ #.)'$#34-+* ,'&
0#&$+ 5, 21-69#5+ )# 47'45+ 0# &7+,' ,'&0#&$' 4 21

,'&01/ 0'2180#0+%1/ #1 +4*1& 5#-71)# 214562-#
/1)6 4' &1$+5+ 17+401 1 &#01/ 4645#76 &+('3'0%+
,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 2371)# +.+ &36)1)# 3'&#

0(,)$0 31/#53#,/1 4645#7
2;%' 3,'9'0,' 17' &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' ,'

$ # %
% # $
# $

# 51 ,' (#/+.+,# -10%'053+%0+* -360+%# 4# %'0531/ 6
+4*1&+956 #-.' -318 +4*1&+95' 0' 231.#8+ 0+5+ ,'&0#
-3+76.,# +8 17' (#/+.+,' 2# ,' 10# +81.+3#0# 4+0)6.#30#
51%-# # 47' 145#.' 51%-' 3#70+0' 46 3')6.#30'
'3+7+3#0,'/ 237' ,'&0#&$' + 67395'0,'/ % 6 &36)6

&1$+7#/1 &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 &36)1)# 3'&#
,'8+01 3,'9'0,' ,'
$ $ #
$
#
# #
MATEMATIKA 2
425
8 237' ,'&0#&$' &1$+7#/1 53#'0+ % #

$ # %
#
# # # %
%
#
# #
3#+/1 .+ 0#&#.,' 0'-1 214'$01 3,'9'0,' 23+/,'3+%'
101 951 6&171.,#7# 21%'501/6 67,'56
MATEMATIKA 2
426
/0(!+(-. 0)$6 4 -)$ #(%$0$-"() +-('

3,$0("*.
)$#- #!(
0(,)$0 3'$# 0#;%+ 06/'3+%-6 #231-4+/#%+,6
3,'9'0,# &+('3'0%+,#.0' ,'&0#&$' 4 21%'50+/ 67,'
51/
$ # $
# $
0# 4')/'056
# $ %
1%01 3,'9'0,' ,' # # #
&1$+7#/1 .+0'#30+ 4645#7
14562#-

#8&+,'.+/1 0# &7# ,'&0#-# &+,'.# 51%-1/

#
3,'9'0,' -1,')# ,'

2# ,' 53#'01
214'$01 3,'9'0,'
1%'50+ 67,'5 &#,'

$
$ # # # % # # #
1 80#%+ &# ,'
$ $ $ # # $ #

$ #
5#0)'05# -3+76.,' $ # # 6 51%-+ "#
2376 #231-4+/#%+,6 51%01) 3,'9'0,# /1'/1 68'5+
.+0'#306 #231-4+/#%+,6
MATEMATIKA 2
427
MATEMATIKA 2
428
108
"# #231-4+/#%+,6 53#'01) 3,'9'0,# 8# #

68/+/1 .+0'#306 (60-%+,6
# #
5, )3#( 51%01) 3,'9'0,# # # # #231-4+/+
3#/1 &+,'.1/ 5#0)'05' 6 51%-+ 0# 5#, )3#( 8#

#
y
y
3
0.5
0.5
0.25
0.75
5, )3#( 51%01) 3,'9'0,# 0# 4')/'056

#231-4+/+3#/1 &+,'.1/ 23#7%# $ # -1,+
231.#8+ 51%-1/
1$+7'0# 21.+)10#.0# %35# ,' #231-4+/#%+,# )3#(#

51%01) 3,'9'0,# 0# 4')/'056 +83#%606 17'
#231-4+/#%+,' 68'.+ 4/1 -13#-
# $ $ ## # #

1/#-0+/1 4' 1& 51%-' # 6&'401 6 51%-6

# 5, 6&'401 8# 51, 51%-+ #
.+0'#30# #231-4+/#%+,# &#,'
#
+ 73+,'&0145 51%01) 3+,'9'0,# # #231-4+/+3#,/1 4#
$ #
+('3'0%+,#.0# ,'&0#&$# $ # $ 8# 73+,'&0145+
# $ &#,'
1&,'.+/1 .+ 4')/'05 0# % '5+3+ ,'&0#-# &+,'.#

5, 68/'/1 .+ 8# -13#- +/#/1 21.+)10#.06
%356 -1,# $1.,' #231-4+/+3# )3#( 51%01) 3,'9'0,#
13/#.+8+3#,/1 17#, 214562#- 2180#5 21& +/'01/
3+$0.4 ,$2.# 8# &+('3'0%+,#.06 ,'&0#&$6 4
21%'50+/ 67,'51/
$ # $
# #
$ $
#231-4+/#%+,# 51%01) 3,'9'0,# 0# 4')/'056 # 4

-13#-1/ ,' 21.+)10#.0# %35# 1&3'&'0#
4# 51%-#/#
:
214562#- ,' 7+&.,+7 0# .+%+
$ # # $

MATEMATIKA 2
429
#
# #
# #

# #
$
$ $ # $
$ $ # $

$ $ # $
y
T2
y2
hG(x1,y1 )
T1
y1
y0
T0
h
hG(x0,y0)
x
0
x0
x1
x2

#401 ,' &# %; ' 21.+)10#.0# %35# $1.,' #231-4+/+3#5+
51%01 3,'9'0,' 6-1.+-1 ,' -13#- /#0,+ 1%+/1 +451
5#-1 &# 951 4' 7+9' 6&#.,#7#/1 1& 51%-' # 51 ,'
#231-4+/#%+,# .19+,#
MATEMATIKA 2
431
MATEMATIKA 2
430

GF M2 1112 Predavanja PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GF M2 1112 Predavanja PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MATEMATIKA 2

 #-;)9 )=79 );-5);1+3) )6)41?)  4-5-6;

 $ <9-8) );-5);1+3) )6)41?)    %-061+3)

*$!  +- +' "

 0;;8 4)=1+) .-:* 09 5);

0;;8 4)=1+) .-:* 09 5);

 0;;8 >>> 85.:; 09 ?)=7,1 5);-5);13) :+918;)

  # -51,7=1+ '),)+1 1 912-A-61 89152-91 1? =1A5);-5);13- : 89152-675 6) ;-061+3- 6)<3-

 %%'$)$ (*()+ * '+$$  &'%()%'*

 '),)57 41 < 9)=6161 89)=73<;61 )9;-?12-=

 #74)961 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

%7+3<     6)?1=)57 1:07,1A;-5 141 87475

:<:;)=   !    ( ) ;)37 ,) :- 87?1;1=6)

 1416,91+61 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

!-3) 2- % 89)=)+ 3721 8974)?1 ;7+375  73751; 6)

 '),)57 41 < 897:;79<  89)=73<;61 )9;-?12-=

3779,16);61 :<:;)=   ! +"   ( ) *

!-3) 2-   9)=616) 1 6-3) 2- 6) 6272 ?),)6

'%()%'$ !%%'$)$ (*()+

76,) 2- =-?) 1?5-,<

%15- 2- < 897:;79< ,-619)6 +1416,91+61 3779,16);61

   73751;- 8972-3+12-  ;7+3-  6) 9)=616<

 779,16);6- 9)=616 & )9;-?12-=75 3779,16);675 :<:;)=<  ( ) *

  ;7 2- +1416,)9 ;2 :=- ;7+3- < 897:;79< ?)

 '$ !%%'$)$ (*()+

!-3) 2-   9)=616) 1 6-3) 2- 6) 6272 ?),)6

!-3) 2- % 89)=)+ 3721 8974)?1 ;7+375  73751; 6)

37 2-  6) 87?1;1=672 ?9)+1 *

  & :07,1A;<  :- 891,12-42<2< :.-96- 3779,1

6);-   

& :.-9675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=<    &

%15- 2- < 897:;79< ,-619)6 :.-961 3779,16);61

         &    

=73<;675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< 15) < :.-9675

 , &'+%!*)$  ('$ !%%'$)

'),)57 41 < 897:;79< 89)=73<;61 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

"% '*% '

 2-,6),*) 9)=616- 2-,675 ;7+375  

( (  ) )  * *  

( )  *  ()  (*   )*

 78C+1 7*413 2-,6),*- 9)=616-

&  ( ) * 1

 !-89)?61 -418:71,7=1 89-:2-+1 9)=616)5) <:879-,

615 : 3779,16);615 7:15) 2-:< 141 39<61+- 141

 :-/5-6;61 7*413 2-,6),*- 9)=616-

 2-,6),*) 9)=616- 397? ;91 ;7+3

 =-3;79:3) 2-,6),*- 9)=616-

7,9-,<28470< 372< 6)?1=)57 "&(%%# !2-

,7*1=)57 2-,6),*< 1:;- 8470- < ,9</75

) 27A 2-,675 ;)3=75 ?)52-675 ,7*1=)57 2-,

 1341+31 1?512-62<2<C+1 3779,16);- =)912)*4- ( ) *

6),*- 1:;- 8470- < 9)?41+1;15 8747)215)

 &'%"% $4  *

16)5) 372- :< 8)9)4-46- 3779,16);615 9)=616)5)

,=12- 2-,6),*- 1:;- 8470- < 9)?41+1;15 8747)

781:<2- ()%()* 141 !%$*($* &"%* $4   "8-;

$   !-3) 2- < 9)=6161 ,)6) 391=<42) 

!)875-6157 1 ;7 ,) :- 897:;796) 391=<42) + -:;7

,17 < +12-47:;1 :),9)6 < /7962-5 874<897:;79< 1

2-,6) 1?=7,61+) 2-:; *

#91512-;157 ,) 2- :=)3) 9)=616) ;91=12)46) =)42+):;)

",9-,157 8972-3+12< () ;12-4)  6) ()

 ",9-,157 8972-3+12< 391=<42- 372) :- 6)4)?1 < 89-:

#-;)9 )=79 );-5);1+3) )6)41?) 4-5-6;

$ <9-8) );-5);1+3) )6)41?) %-061+3)

*$! +- +' "

0;;84)=1+).-:*095);

0;;84)=1+).-:*095);

0;;8>>>85.:;09?)=7,15);-5);13):+918;)

# -51,7=1+ '),)+1 1 912-A-61 89152-91 1? =1A5);-5);13- : 89152-675 6) ;-061+3- 6)<3-

%%'$)$ (()+ '+$$ &'%()%'*

'),)57 41 < 9)=6161 89)=73<;61 )9;-?12-=

#74)961 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

%7+3< 6)?1=)57 1:07,1A;-5 141 87475

:<:;)= ! ( ) ;)37 ,) :- 87?1;1=6)

1416,91+61 3779,16);61 :<:;)=

!-3) 2- % 89)=)+ 3721 8974)?1 ;7+375 73751; 6)

'),)57 41 < 897:;79< 89)=73<;61 )9;-?12-=

3779,16);61 :<:;)= ! +" ( ) *

!-3) 2- 9)=616) 1 6-3) 2- 6) 6272 ?),)6

'%()%'$ !%%'$)$ (*()+

%15- 2- < 897:;79< ,-619)6 +1416,91+61 3779,16);61

73751;- 8972-3+12- ;7+3- 6) 9)=616<

779,16);6- 9)=616 & )9;-?12-=75 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< ( ) *

;7 2- +1416,)9 ;2 :=- ;7+3- < 897:;79< ?)

'$ !%%'$)$ (*()+

!-3) 2- 9)=616) 1 6-3) 2- 6) 6272 ?),)6

!-3) 2- % 89)=)+ 3721 8974)?1 ;7+375 73751; 6)

37 2- 6) 87?1;1=672 ?9)+1 *

& :07,1A;< :- 891,12-42<2< :.-96- 3779,1

6);-

& :.-9675 3779,16);675 :<:;)=< &

&

, &'+%!*)$ ('$ !%%'$)

"% '*% '

2-,6),*) 9)=616- 2-,675 ;7+375

( ( ) ) * *

() * () (* )*

78C+1 7413 2-,6),- 9)=616-

& ( ) * 1

!-89)?61 -418:71,7=1 89-:2-+1 9)=616)5) <:879-,

:-/5-6;61 7413 2-,6),- 9)=616-

2-,6),*) 9)=616- 397? ;91 ;7+3

=-3;79:3) 2-,6),*- 9)=616-

7,9-,<28470< 372< 6)?1=)57 "&(%%# !2-

,71=)57 2-,6),< 1:;- 8470- < ,9</75

1341+31 1?512-62<2<C+1 3779,16);- =)912)4- ( )

6),*- 1:;- 8470- < 9)?41+1;15 8747)215)

&'%"% $4 *

,=12- 2-,6),*- 1:;- 8470- < 9)?41+1;15 8747)

781:<2- ()%()* 141 !%$($ &"%* $4 "8-;

$ !-3) 2- < 9)=6161 ,)6) 391=<42)

!)875-6157 1 ;7 ,) :- 897:;796) 391=<42) + -:;7

,17 < +12-47:;1 :),9)6 < /7962-5 874<897:;79< 1

#91512-;157 ,) 2- :=)3) 9)=616) ;91=12)46) =)42+):;)

",9-,157 8972-3+12< () ;12-4) 6) ()

",9-,157 8972-3+12< 391=<42- 372) :- 6)4)?1 < 89-:

2-3< 8975);9)610 8470) 41516)+1275

&374137 ;7+3) ( ) * 8918),) ;12-4< ;),)

8918),);1 39</< ) ;7 ?6)

)34- 579) 1;1 8) 2- ( ) 9</15

1 8972-3+12) 89-:2-+6- 391=<42- 6) ()

%9)-6) 8972-3+12) () 2- 39</

5/,$+5 0#$/0 7"%"+&.0 5 &,31-$4/0. 0#-*,5

/"76".0 2&"-/0. '5/,$+0. 0% 2&"-/) 6"2+"#-"

5%5;$* %" 5 40. 3-5$"+5 /*+& /"7/"$&/" %0.&/"

3,51 0% 7" ,0+* 12"6-0 ." 3.*3-"

"0 * '5/,$+5 +&%/& 6"2+"#-& '5/,$+5 69& 6"2*

/"76".0 (2"' '5/,$+& 2"' 5

%!% !"13 %&/2" '5/,$*+5

12* $ &.5 +& %&/$+3,0 10%25$+& 0%2&%&/0

/"76".0 '5/,$+0. %6+5 6"2+"#-*

/& .0&.0 /"$24"4*

%!% 2"6-0 %&/2"

&," +& 5/,$*+5

12* $ &.5 +& %&/$+3,0 10%25$+& 0%2&%&/0

3-*,"

3-5$"+5 $24"/+&. 34$&.0 3".0 /&,& /+&

(06& 6"/& 10%3,5106& 0 35 /"+$&9;$& 12&3+&$*

.",3."-"/ 10%3,51 0% 7" ,0+ 12"6-0 ."

-*$/0 3& 5 3-5$"+5 %",-&

",-& /" 36",0+ 2"7/3,0+ ,265-+* 35 '5/,$*+3,&

$24".0 34$5;$* /+&(06& 12&3+&,& 3 ,002%/"4/. 2"6/