Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Site Master: User's Guide
Site Master: User's Guide
S331D/S332D
Cable and Antenna Analyzer
Site Master is the preferred cable and antenna analyzer of
wireless providers, contractors and installers.
SiteMaster
MS2712
SiteMaster
MS2712
SpectrumMaster
SpectrumMaster
MS2712
CellMaster
CellMaster
Users Guide
WARRANTY
The Anritsu product(s) listed on the title page is (are) warranted against defects in
materials and workmanship for one year from the date of shipment.
Anritsu's obligation covers repairing or replacing products which prove to be defective during the warranty period. Buyers shall prepay transportation charges for
equipment returned to Anritsu for warranty repairs. Obligation is limited to the original purchaser. Anritsu is not liable for consequential damages.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty does not apply to Anritsu connectors that have failed due to
normal wear. Also, the warranty does not apply to defects resulting from improper or
inadequate maintenance by the Buyer, unauthorized modification or misuse, or operation outside the environmental specifications of the product. No other warranty is
expressed or implied, and the remedies provided herein are the Buyer's sole and
exclusive remedies.
TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Windows, Windows 95, Windows NT, Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows ME
and Windows XP are registered trademarks of the Microsoft Corporation.
Anritsu, FlexCal, InstaCal and Site Master are trademarks of Anritsu Company.
NOTICE
Anritsu Company has prepared this manual for use by Anritsu Company personnel
and customers as a guide for the proper installation, operation and maintenance of
Anritsu Company equipment and computer programs. The drawings, specifications,
and information contained herein are the property of Anritsu Company, and any unauthorized use or disclosure of these drawings, specifications, and information is
prohibited; they shall not be reproduced, copied, or used in whole or in part as the
basis for manufacture or sale of the equipment or software programs without the
prior written consent of Anritsu Company.
UPDATES
Updates to this manual, if any, may be downloaded from the Anritsu internet site at:
http://www.us.anritsu.com.
June 2007
Copyright 2003-2007 Anritsu Co.
10580-00079
Revision: H
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - General Information
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Standard Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
External Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Optional Accessories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Performance Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6
Preventive Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
InstaCal Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Annual Verification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
Mode References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3-16
3-16
3-16
3-17
3-18
3-19
3-20
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-3
ii
Chapter 9 - T1 Measurements
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
T1 Fundamentals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
G.821 Measurement Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Network Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2
Testing T1 Circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
In Service Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
Out-Of-Service Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
DS0 Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-12
Chapter 10 - E1 Measurements
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
E1 Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
G.821 Measurement Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Network Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2
Testing E1 Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
In Service Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
Out-Of-Service Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
VF Channel Access Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
11-1
11-1
11-1
11-3
11-4
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
12-1
12-1
12-3
12-3
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
13-1
13-1
13-1
13-3
13-4
13-5
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
15-1
15-1
15-1
15-2
iii
Appendix B - Windowing
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Index
3E
+J
YLYB
&G
>&U@
3%%
3%'(
h
h
3&$
h
h
h
&KDVVLV
/&'
h
h
h
h
h
h
h
$SSHQGHGJRRGV
6-7
h 6-7
6-7
61;;;;
iv
Chapter 1
General Information
Introduction
This chapter provides a description, performance specifications, optional accessories, preventive maintenance, and calibration requirements for the Site Master models S331D and
S332D. Throughout this manual, the term Site Master will refer to the S331D and S332D.
Model
Frequency Range
S331D
25 to 4000 MHz
S332D
25 to 4000 MHz
100 kHz to 3000 MHz
Description
The Site Master model S331D is a hand held cable and antenna analyzer. The Site Master
model S332D is a handheld cable, antenna, and spectrum analyzer. Both models include a
keypad to enter data and a standard daylight-viewable color TFT display to provide graphic
indications of various measurements.
The Site Master is capable of up to 1.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully charged
field-replaceable battery and can be operated from a 12.5 Vdc source. Built-in energy conservation features can be used to extend battery life.
The Site Master is designed for measuring Return Loss, SWR, and Cable Loss of cable and
antenna systems from 25 MHz to 4 GHz. Option 2 and Option 16 extend the frequency
range of the cable and antenna analyzer to 2 MHz and 6 GHz respectively. Distance-To-Fault (DTF) measurements can be used to locate the precise location of a fault
within the feedline system. The Site Master model S332D includes Spectrum Analysis (100
kHz - 3 GHz) and has dedicated routines for common one-button measurements. Options
available with the S331D or S332D include 2-port Transmission Measurements, Bias Tee,
narrow band or wide band power meter, Channel Scanner, Interference Analyzer, GPS, and
T1/E1 Analyzer measurements.
The displayed trace can be scaled or enhanced with frequency markers or limit lines. A
menu option provides for an audible beep when the limit value is exceeded. To permit
use in low-light environments, the LCD contrast and backlight intensity can be adjusted.
Standard Accessories
The Handheld Software Tools PC-based software program provides a database record for
storing measurement data. Software Tools can also convert the Site Master display to a
Microsoft Windows 95/98/NT4/2000/ME/XP workstation graphic. Measurements stored
in the Site Master internal memory can be downloaded to the PC using the included
null-modem serial cable. Once stored, the graphic trace can be displayed, scaled, or enhanced with markers and limit lines. Historical graphs can be overlaid with current data,
and underlying data can be extracted and used in spreadsheets or for other analytical tasks.
1-1
10580-00079
2300-347
48258
633-27
40-168
806-141
800-441
551-1691-R
Options
Option 2
Option 5
Option 6
Option 10A
Option 16
Option 19
Option 21
Option 25
Option 27
Option 28
Option 29
Option 31
Option 50
NOTE: For the Site Master S331D, Options 5 and 50 are mutually exclusive.
That is, the Site Master S331D can be configured with either Option 5, Power
Monitor, or Option 50, T1/E1, but not both.
For the Site Master S332D, Options 5 and 6 are mutually exclusive. That is, the
Site Master S332D can be configured with either Option 5, Power Monitor, or
Option 6, Frequency Converter Interface, but not both.
1-2
Chapter 1
General Information
Printers
The following printer and accessories are available for use with the Site Master S33xD.
2000-1214
2000-1215
2000-1216
2000-1217
2000-1218
2000-663
2000-664
2000-667
2000-753
External Detectors
The following Anritsu detectors can be used with the Site Master S33xD when equipped
with Option 5, Power Monitor.
Model
Frequency
Range
Input
Frequency Response
Conn.
0.2 dB, <1 GHz
N(m)
0.3 dB, <3 GHz
Impedance
Return Loss
50W
26 dB
75W
N(m)
560-7N50B
0.01 to 20 GHz
50W
N(m)
560-7S50B
0.01 to 20 GHz
50W
WSMA
(m)
K(m)
V(m)
560-7K50
0.01 to 40 GHz
50W
560-7VA50
0.01 to 50 GHz
50W
1-3
Optional Accessories
Part Number
10580-00100
10580-00101
10580-00102
760-243-R
633-27
2000-1029
48258
40-168
806-141
800-441
551-1691-R
2300-347
FCN4760
ICN50
65701
OSLN50-1
OSLNF50-1
22N50
22NF50
SM/PL-1
SM/PLNF-1
2000-767
2000-768
12N50-75B
22N75
22NF75
26N75A
26NF75A
510-90
510-91
510-92
510-93
510-96
510-97
1091-27
1091-26
1091-80
1091-81
1091-172
34NN50A
34NFNF50
15NNF50-1.5C
15NNF50-3.0C
15NNF50-5.0C
15NN50-1.5C
15NN50-3.0C
15NN50-5.0C
1-4
Description
S33xD Programming Manual (available on disk or at www.us.anritsu.com)
S331D Maintenance Manual
S332D Maintenance Manual
Transit Case
Rechargeable Battery, NiMH
Battery Charger with universal power supply, NiMH only
Soft Carrying Case
AC-DC Adapter Power Supply
Automotive Cigarette Lighter 12 Volt DC Adapter
Serial Interface Cable Assembly
USB Adapter Cable
Handheld Software Tools CD
4.7 GHz to 6 GHz Frequency converter for S332D only
InstaCal Calibration Module, 50W, 25 MHz to 4 GHz, N (m)
Offset Cal Kit consisting of one each:
3-1010-119, 10 dB Attenuator, DC to 6 GHz, 2W
3-806-151, 4 GHz Cable, 18" (46 cm)
Anritsu Precision N (m) Open/Short/Load, 42 dB, 6 GHz
Anritsu Precision N (f) Open/Short/Load, 42 dB, 6 GHz
Anritsu Precision N (m) Short/Open
Anritsu Precision N (f) Short/Open
Anritsu Precision N (m) Load, 42 dB, 6 GHz
Anritsu Precision N (f) Load, 42 dB, 6 GHz
7/16 (m) Precision Open/Short/Load
7/16 (f) Precision Open/Short/Load
Matching Pad, DC to 3 GHz, 50 Ohm N(m) to 75 Ohm N(f)
Open/Short, DC to 3 GHz, N(m) 75 Ohm
Open/Short, DC to 3 GHz, N(f) 75 Ohm
Precision Termination, DC to 3 GHz, N(m)
Precision Termination, DC to 3 GHz, N(f) 75 Ohm
Adapter, 7/16 (f) to N (m) 6.0 GHz
Adapter, 7/16 (f) to N (f) 6.0 GHz
Adapter, 7/16 (m) to N (m) 6.0 GHz
Adapter, 7/16 (m) to N (f) 6.0 GHz
Adapter, 7/16 DIN (m) to 7/16 DIN (m) 6.0 GHz
Adapter, 7/16 DIN (f) to 7/16 DIN (f) 6.0 GHz
Adapter, Type-N male to SMA(f)
Adapter, Type-N male to SMA(n)
Adapter, N(f) to SMA(m), DC to 18 GHz, 50 Ohm
Adapter, N(f) to SMA(f), DC to 18 GHz, 50 Ohm
Adapter, N(m) to BNC(f), DC to 1.3 GHz, 50 Ohm
Adapter, Precision N (m) to N (m) 18 GHz
Adapter, Precision N (f) to N (f) 18 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to N (f) 6 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 3.0 meter, N (m) to N (f) 6 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 5.0 meter, N (m) to N (f) 6 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to N (m) 6 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 3.0 meter, N (m) to N (m) 6 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 5.0 meter, N (m) to N (m) 6 GHz
Chapter 1
Part Number
15NDF50-1.5C
15ND50-1.5C
2000-1030
2000-1031
2000-1032
2000-1035
2000-1200
2000-1361
2000-1410
61532
2000-1411
2000-1412
2000-1413
2000-1414
2000-1415
2000-1416
806-16
806-116
806-117
1030-86
1030-87
1030-88
1030-89
PSN50
3-1010-122
3-1010-123
3-1010-124
42N50-20
42N50A-30
1010-121
General Information
Description
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to 7/16 DIN (f) 6 GHz
Armored Test Port Extension Cable, 1.5 meter, N (m) to 7/16 DIN (m) 6 GHz
Portable Antenna SMA (m), 50W, 1.71 to 1.88 GHz
Portable Antenna SMA (m), 50W, 1.85 to 1.99 GHz
Portable Antenna SMA (m), 50W, 2.4 to 2.5 GHz
Portable Antenna SMA (m), 50W, 896 to 941 MHz
Portable Antenna SMA (m), 50W, 806 to 866 MHz
Portable Antenna SMA(m), 50W, 5725-5825 MHz
Magnet Mount GPS Antenna with 15 ft. cable
Antenna Kit, consisting of one each:
2000-1030, 2000-1031, 2000-1032,
2000-1035, 2000-1200, and 2000-1361
Portable YAGI Antenna, N(f), 822-900 MHz, 10 dBd
Portable YAGI Antenna, N(f), 885-975 MHz, 10 dBd
Portable YAGI Antenna, N(f), 1.71-1.88 GHz, 10 dBd
Portable YAGI Antenna, N(f), 1.85-1.99 GHz, 9.3 dBd
Portable YAGI Antenna, N(f), 2.4-2.5 GHz, 12 dBd
Portable YAGI Antenna, N(f), 1.92-2.23 GHz, 12 dBd
Bantam Plug to Bantam Plug
Bantam Plug to BNC
Bantam Y Plug to RJ48
Band Pass Filter, 806-869 MHz, 1.7 dB loss, N(m) to SMA(f), 50W
Band Pass Filter, 902-960 MHz, 1.7 dB loss, N(m) to SMA(f), 50W
Band Pass Filter, 1.85-1.99 GHz, 1.8 dB loss, N(m) to SMA(f), 50W
Band Pass Filter, 2.4-2.5 GHz, 1.4 dB loss, N(m) to SMA(f), 50W
High Accuracy Power Sensor, 50 MHz to 6 GHz
Attenuator, 20dB, 5 Watt, DC to 12.4 GHz, N(m)-N(f)
Attenuator, 30 dB, 50 Watt, DC to 8.5 GHz, N(m)-N(f)
Attenuator (Uni-directional), 40 dB, 100 Watt, DC to 8.5 GHz, N(m)-N(f)
20 dB, 5W, DC to 18 GHz, N(m)-N(f)
30 dB, 50W, DC to 18 GHz, N(m)-N(f)
40 dB, 100W, DC to 18 GHz, N(m)-N(f)
1-5
Performance Specifications
Performance specifications are provided in Table 1-1. All specifications apply when calibrated at ambient temperature after a five minute warm up. Typical values are given for reference, and are not guaranteed.
Table 1-1.
Performance Specifications (1 of 6)
Frequency Accuracy:
75 ppm @ +25C
Frequency Resolution:
100 kHz
Output Power:
Measurement speed:
Return Loss:
Range:
Resolution:
0.00 to 60.00 dB
0.01 dB
VSWR:
Range:
Resolution:
1.00 to 65.00
0.01
Cable Loss:
Range:
Resolution:
0.00 to 30.00 dB
0.01 dB
Measurement Accuracy:
Distance-To-Fault
Vertical Range:
Return Loss:
VSWR:
0.00 to 60.00 dB
1.00 to 65.00
Horizontal Range:
1-6
Chapter 1
Table 1-1.
General Information
Performance Specifications (2 of 6)
Sweep Time:
75 dBc/Hz
Spurious Responses:
45 dBc
Amplitude
Total Level Accuracy:
Measurement Range:
Dynamic Range:
>65 dB
Display Range:
Scale Units:
RF Input VSWR:
Offset Range:
Display Range:
80 to 80 dBm
Resolution:
Measurement Accuracy:
1-7
Table 1-1.
Performance Specifications (3 of 6)
High Accuracy Power Meter (Option 19, with PSN50 Power Sensor)
Sensor:
Measurement Range:
30 to +20 dBm
Frequency Range:
50 MHz to 6 GHz
Input Connector:
50 MHz to 2 GHz: 26 dB
2 GHz to 6 GHz: 20 dB
Accuracy:
Total RSS Meas. Uncertainty:
Noise:
20 nW max
Zero Set:
20 nW
Zero Drift:
10 nW max**
Instrumentation Accuracy:
0.00 dB
Sensor Linearity:
0.13 dB max
0.06 dB
Temperature Compensation:
0.06 dB max
0.01 dB
60dB
Power Requirements:
Supply Voltage:
Supply Current:
8 to 18 Vdc
<100 mA
*Excludes mismatch errors. Excludes noise, zero set, zero drift for levels <-20 dBm. Excludes digital modulation uncertainty between +17 and +20 dBm.
**After 30 min warm-up
25 MHz to 3 GHz
10 Hz
10 dBm typical
80 dB, 25 MHz to 2 GHz
60 dB, >2 GHz to 3 GHz
50W
1-8
Chapter 1
Table 1-1.
General Information
Performance Specifications (4 of 6)
Detection Range:
Offset Range:
0 to +60 dB
Accuracy:
VSWR:
AMI, B8ZS
Framing Modes:
Connection Configurations:
Terminate (100W)
Bridge ( 1000W)
Monitor (Connect via 20 dB pad in DSX)
Receiver Sensitivity:
0 to 36 dBdsx
Transmit Level:
Clock Sources:
External
Internal: 1.544 MHz 30 ppm
Pulse Shapes:
1-9
Table 1-1.
Performance Specifications (5 of 6)
AMI, HDB3
Framing Modes:
Connection Configurations:
Receiver Sensitivity:
0 to 43 dB
Clock Sources:
External
Internal, 2.048 MHz 30 ppm
Pulse Shapes:
Frequency Resolution*
10 Hz
Frequency Reference
Aging: 1 ppm/yr
Accuracy: 2 ppm
65 dBc/Hz
Spurious Responses
Input Related
45 dBc
Spurious Residual
Responses*
90 dBm
Measurement Range
Sensitivity* (displayed
average noise level)
100 dBm
Accuracy
5 dBm
1-10
Chapter 1
Table 1-1.
General Information
Performance Specifications (6 of 6)
Electromagnetic
Safety
Temperature:
Operating
Storage
Power Dissipation
850 mW maximum
Dimensions
WxHxD
Weight
General
Language Support:
Up to 300 traces
Setup Configurations:
Display:
Electromagnetic Compatibility:
Safety:
Temperature:
Operating:
Non-operating:
Power Supply:
External DC Input:
Internal:
Dimensions:
Size (w x h x d):
Weight:
1-11
Preventive Maintenance
Site Master preventive maintenance consists of cleaning the unit and inspecting and cleaning the RF connectors on the instrument and all accessories.
Clean the Site Master with a soft, lint-free cloth dampened with water or water and a mild
cleaning solution.
CAUTION: To avoid damaging the display or case, do not use solvents or abrasive cleaners.
Clean the RF connectors and center pins with a cotton swab dampened with denatured alcohol. Visually inspect the connectors. The fingers of the N (f) connectors and the pins of the
N (m) connectors should be unbroken and uniform in appearance. If you are unsure whether
the connectors are good, gauge the connectors to confirm that the dimensions are correct.
Visually inspect the test port cable(s). The test port cable should be uniform in appearance,
not stretched, kinked, dented, or broken.
Calibration
The Site Master is a field portable unit operating in the rigors of the test environment. An
Open-Short-Load (OSL) calibration, InstaCal calibration, FlexCal calibration with
open-short-load, or FlexCal calibration with an InstaCal module should be performed prior
to making a measurement in the field (see Calibration, page 3-2). Note that the frequency
range of the InstaCal module, 25 MHz to 4 GHz, makes it not suitable for use with Option 2
or Option 16. A built-in temperature sensor in the Site Master advises the user when the internal temperature has exceeded a measurement accuracy window, and the user is advised
to perform another calibration in order to maintain the integrity of the measurement.
NOTES:
For best calibration resultscompensation for all measurement uncertaintiesensure that the Open/Short/Load is at the end of the test port or optional
extension cable; that is, at the same point that you will connect the antenna or
device to be tested.
For best results, use a phase stable Test Port Extension Cable (see Optional
Accessories). If you use a typical laboratory cable to extend the Site Master test
port to the device under test, cable bending subsequent to the OSL calibration
will cause uncompensated phase reflections inside the cable. Thus, cables
which are NOT phase stable may cause measurement errors that are more pronounced as the test frequency increases.
For optimum calibration, Anritsu recommends using precision calibration components.
1-12
Chapter 1
General Information
InstaCal Module
The Anritsu InstaCal module can be used in place of discrete components to calibrate the
Site Master. The InstaCal module can be used to perform an Open, Short and Load (OSL)
or a FlexCal calibration procedure. Calibration of the Site Master with the InstaCal takes
approximately 45 seconds (see Calibration, page 3-2). Unlike a discrete calibration component, the InstaCal module can not be used at the top of the tower to conduct load or insertion loss measurements. The module operates from 25 MHz to 4 GHz and weighs eight
ounces.
Anritsu recommends annual verification of the InstaCal module to verify performance with
precision instrument data. The verification may be performed at a local Anritsu Service
Center or at the Anritsu factory.
Annual Verification
Anritsu recommends an annual calibration and performance verification of the Site Master
and the OSL calibration components and InstaCal module by local Anritsu service centers.
Anritsu service centers are listed in Table 1-2 on the following page.
The Site Master itself is self-calibrating, meaning that there are no field-adjustable components. However, the OSL calibration components are crucial to the integrity of the calibration and therefore, must be verified periodically to ensure performance conformity. This is
especially important if the OSL calibration components have been accidentally dropped or
over-torqued.
ESD Precautions
The Site Master, like other high performance instruments, is susceptible to ESD damage.
Very often, coaxial cables and antennas build up a static charge, which, if allowed to discharge by connecting to the Site Master, may damage the Site Master input circuitry. Site
Master operators should be aware of the potential for ESD damage and take all necessary
precautions. Operators should exercise practices outlined within industry standards like
JEDEC-625 (EIA-625), MIL-HDBK-263, and MIL-STD-1686, which pertain to ESD and
ESDS devices, equipment, and practices.
As these apply to the Site Master, it is recommended to dissipate any static charges that
may be present before connecting the coaxial cables or antennas to the Site Master. This
may be as simple as temporarily attaching a short or load device to the cable or antenna
prior to attaching to the Site Master. It is important to remember that the operator may also
carry a static charge that can cause damage. Following the practices outlined in the above
standards will insure a safe environment for both personnel and equipment.
Mode References
The term VNA in reference to the Site Master denotes cable and antenna analyzer modes.
The term SPA in reference to the Site Master denotes Spectrum Analyzer mode. All other
modes are referenced individually.
1-13
UNITED STATES
FRANCE
KOREA
ANRITSU COMPANY
490 Jarvis Drive
Morgan Hill, CA 95037-2809
Telephone: (408) 776-8300
1-800-ANRITSU
FAX: 408-776-1744
ANRITSU S.A
9 Avenue du Quebec
Zone de Courtaboeuf
91951 Les Ulis Cedex
Telephone: 016-09-21-550
FAX: 016-44-61-065
GERMANY
SINGAPORE
ANRITSU GmbH
Grafenberger Allee 54-56
D-40237 Dusseldorf, Germany
Telephone: 0211-968550
FAX: 0211-9685555
INDIA
SOUTH AFRICA
ETECSA
12 Surrey Square Office Park
330 Surrey Avenue
Ferndale, Randburg, 2194
South Africa
Telephone: 27-11-787-7200
FAX: 27-11-787-0446
AUSTRALIA
ISRAEL
SWEDEN
TECH-CENT, LTD.
4 Raul Valenberg St
Tel-Aviv 69719
Telephone: (03) 64-78-563
FAX: (03) 64-78-334
ANRITSU AB
Fagelviksvagen 9A
145 84 Stockholmn
Telephone: (08) 534-707-00
FAX: (08) 534-707-30
BRAZIL
ITALY
TAIWAN
ANRITSU Sp.A
Roma Office
Via E. Vittorini, 129
00144 Roma EUR
Telephone: (06) 50-99-711
FAX: (06) 50-22-4252
CANADA
JAPAN
UNITED KINGDOM
ANRITSU LTD.
200 Capability Green
Luton, Bedfordshire
LU1 3LU, England
Telephone: 015-82-433200
FAX: 015-82-731303
ANRITSU COMPANY
10 New Maple Ave., Unit 305
Pine Brook, NJ 07058
Telephone: (973) 227-8999
1-800-ANRITSU
FAX: 973-575-0092
ANRITSU COMPANY
1155 E. Collins Blvd
Richardson, TX 75081
Telephone: 1-800-ANRITSU
FAX: 972-671-1877
CHINA
ANRITSU ELECTRONICS (SHANGHAI)
CO. LTD.
2F, Rm B, 52 Section Factory Building
No. 516 Fu Te Rd (N)
Shanghai 200131 P.R. China
Telephone:21-58680226, 58680227,
58680228
FAX: 21-58680588
1-14
Chapter 2
Functions and Operations
Introduction
This chapter provides a brief overview of the Site Master functions and operations, providing the user with a starting point for making basic measurements. For more detailed information, refer to the specific chapters for the measurements being made.
The Site Master is designed specifically for field environments and applications requiring
mobility. As such, it is a lightweight, handheld, battery operated unit which can be easily
carried to any location, and is capable of up to 1.5 hours of continuous operation from a
field replaceable battery for extended time in the field. Built-in energy conservation features allow battery life to be further extended. The Site Master can also be powered by a
12.5 Vdc external source. The external source can be either the Anritsu AC-DC Adapter
(P/N 40-168) or 12.5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter (P/N 806-141). Both items
are standard accessories.
TRANSMIT
GPS Antenna
External Power
Serial
Interface
12.5 - 15V DC
(1350 mA)
Battery Charging
T1/E1
RF Out /
Reflection 50
+23 dBm MAX 50 VDC MAX
Figure 2-1.
CAUTION
AVOID STATIC
DISCHARGE
Spectrum Analyzer
RF In 50
+43 dBm MAX 50 VDC MAX
RF IN
RF OUT
GPS ANTENNA
BATTERY
CHARGING
LED
12.5-15VDC
(3A)
When using the AC-DC Adapter, always use a three-wire power cable connected
to a three-wire power line outlet. If power is supplied without grounding the equipment in this manner, there is a risk of receiving a severe or fatal electric shock, or
damaging the equipment.
2-1
Illuminates when the battery is being charged. The indicator automatically shuts
off when the battery is fully charged.
External
Power
Illuminates when the Site Master is being powered by the external charging unit.
Serial
Interface
RS232 DB9 interface to a COM port on a personal computer (for use with the
Anritsu Handheld Software Tools program) or to a supported printer.
RF Out/
RF output, 50 W impedance, for reflection measurements. Maximum input is
Reflection 50W +23 dBm at 50 Vdc.
Spectrum
Analyzer
RF In 50W
RF input, 50 W impedance, for spectrum analysis measurements. Maximum input is +43 dBm at 50 Vdc.
Ext Freq
Input for an external reference signal or trigger in Spectrum Analyzer mode.
Ref/Ext Trigger
GPS Antenna GPS antenna connection. Do not connect anything other than the Anritsu GPS
(Option 31)
antenna to this port.
T1/E1
Receive/
Transmit
(Option 50)
RF Detector
(Option 5)
Frequency
Converter
Interface
(Option 6)
Headphone
Jack
Provides audio output for the built-in AM/FM demodulator for testing and troubleshooting wireless communication systems.
NOTE: For the Site Master S331D, Options 5 and 50 are mutually exclusive.
That is, the Site Master S331D can be configured with either Option 5, Power
Monitor, or Option 50, T1/E1, but not both.
For the Site Master S332D, Options 5 and 6 are mutually exclusive. That is, the
Site Master S332D can be configured with either Option 5, Power Monitor, or
Option 6, Frequency Converter Interface, but not both.
2-2
Display Overview
Figure 2-2 illustrates some of the key information areas of the S331D display.
TITLE BAR
DATA
POINTS
SWEEP
TIME
CALIBRATION
STATUS
CURRENT
MENU
MESSAGE AREA
Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-3 illustrates some of the key information areas of the S332D display.
TITLE BAR
SWEEP
MODE
DETECTION
METHOD
CURRENT
MENU
PREAMPLIFIER
STATE
MESSAGE AREA
Figure 2-3.
2-3
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
MEAS/DISP
Figure 2-4.
2-4
ESCAPE
CLEAR
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
Keypad
Hard
Keys
Opens the mode selection box (below). Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a
mode. Press the ENTER key to implement.
o Measurement Mode
Freq - SWR
Return Loss
Cable Loss - One Port
DTF - SWR
Return Loss
Power Monitor (External Detector)
Power Meter (Internal)
High Accuracy Power Meter
Spectrum Analyzer
Interference Analyzer
T1 Tester
E1 Tester
Transmission Measurement
Channel Scanner
CW Signal Generator
Figure 2-5.
NOTE: Available mode selections will vary according to model number and options installed.
FREQ/DIST
Displays the Frequency or Distance to Fault soft key menus depending on the
measurement mode (see page 2-18).
AMPLITUDE
Displays the amplitude soft key menu for the current operating mode (see page
2-20).
MEAS/DISP
Displays the measurement and display soft key menus for the current operating
mode (see page 2-21).
2-5
These keys are used to enter numerical data as required to setup or perform measurements.
+/
ESCAPE
CLEAR
Up/Down
Arrows
2-6
ENTER
ON
OFF
Turns the Anritsu Site Master on or off. When turned on, the saved system
state at the last turn-off is restored. If the ESCAPE/CLEAR key is held
down while the ON/OFF key is pressed, the factory preset state will be
restored.
SYS
Allows selection of system and application setup parameters and the display language.
LIMIT
Displays the limit line menu for the current operating mode when in cable,
antenna analyzer or spectrum analyzer mode.
MARKER
Displays the marker menu of the current operating mode when in cable,
antenna analyzer or spectrum analyzer mode.
Prints the current display to the selected printer via the RS232 serial port.
RECALL
DISPLAY
Recall Trace selection box appears on the display. Select a trace using the
Recalls a previously saved trace from memory. When the key is pressed, a
RECALL
SETUP
Recalls a previously saved setup from a memory location. When the key
is pressed, a Recall Setup selection box appears on the display. Select a
setup using the Up/Down arrow key and press the ENTER key to implement. Setup 0 recalls the factory preset state for the current mode.
RUN
HOLD
When in the Hold mode, this key starts the Site Master sweeping and provides a Single Sweep Mode trigger; when in the Run mode, it pauses the
sweep. When in the Hold mode, the hold symbol (page 2-68) appears on
the display. Hold mode can be used to conserve battery power.
SAVE
DISPLAY
SAVE
SETUP
Saves the current system setup to an internal non-volatile memory location. The number of locations available varies with the model number and
installed options. There are ten available locations in cable and antenna
analyzer mode (S331D and S332D), and five in SPA mode (S332D only).
There are five available locations in Power Meter mode (Option 29,
S331D and S332D) and five each in T1/E1 modes (Option 50, S331D
only). When the key is pressed, a Save Setup selection box appears on the
status window. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select a setup and press the
ENTER key to implement.
START
CAL
Starts the calibration in SWR, Return Loss, Cable Loss, or DTF measurement modes (not available in Spectrum Analyzer or Power Meter modes).
2-7
Soft Keys
Each keypad key opens a set of soft key selections. Each of the soft keys has a corresponding soft key label area on the status window. The label identifies the function of the soft key
for the current Mode selection.
The following figures show the soft key labels for each Mode selection.
MODE=Return Loss:
SOFTKEYS:
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
MEAS/DISP
F1
Top
Resolution
F2
Bottom
Single
Sweep
Trace
Math
Signal
Standard
Trace
Overlay
Select
Standard
Top
of
List
Page
Up
Page
Down
Bottom
of
List
Select/
Deselect
Fixed
CW
Uplink
On/Off
Downlink
Select
Trace
Up+Down
link
Back
Show
Selected
Top
of
List
Page
Up
Page
Down
Bottom
of
List
Delete
Trace
Delete
All
Traces
Figure 2-6.
2-8
Back
130
259
517
MODE=DTF:
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
MEAS/DISP
SOFTKEYS:
D1
Top
Resolution
D2
Bottom
Single
Sweep
Trace
Math
DTF Aid
Trace
Overlay
Fixed
CW
More
On/Off
Loss
Select
Trace
Prop
Vel
Cable
Window
Top
of
List
Page Up
Back
Page
Down
Back
Bottom
of
List
Delete
Trace
Delete
All
Traces
Figure 2-7.
2-9
MODE=SPECTRUM ANALYZER:
SOFTKEYS:
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
Center
Ref
Level
Span
Scale
Start
Atten/
Preamp
Edit
Stop
Auto
Full
Signal
Standard
Zero
Span
Up
1-2-5
Span
Down
1-2-5
Back
Top
of
List
Page
Up
Page
Down
Bottom
of
List
Select/
Deselect
Units
Ref
Level
Offset
Manual
Select
Standard
dBm
Select
Channel
dBV
Uplink
dBmV
Preamp
Control
Manual
Downlink
dBuV
Back
Dynamic
Auto
Channel
Increment
Back
Manual
BACK
Show
Selected
Dynamic
Preamp
On/Off
Preamp
Auto
Back
Figure 2-8.
2-10
On/Off
MEAS/DISP
SOFTKEYS:
RBW
Auto
Bandwidth
RBW
Manual
Trace
VBW
Auto
VBW
Manual
Back
Positive
Peak
RMS
Average
Negative
Peak
Sampling
Mode
Min
Sweep
Time
Average
(2-25)
Ref
Level
Trace
Math
Min
Hold
Back
Recall
Trace
-> B
View B /
Clear B
A -> B
Back
Back
Center
Freq
dBc
Int
BW
Field
Strngth
Free
Run
OBW
Single
Channel
Power
Recovered
ACPR
Video
More
Change
Trigger
Position
Back
Measure
Zoom
One
Channel
Back
Measure
Back
Center
Freq
Main
Channel
BW
Back
A-B
->
A
A+B
->
A
Select
Custom
Antenna
Back
Trigger
Detection
Method
Channel
Span
Measure
Max
Hold
Select
Standard
Antenna
AM/FM
Demod
Adj
Channel
BW
C/I
Channel
Spacing
On/Off
Measure
Demod
Type
Demod
Freq
Volume
Demod
Time
Signal
Type
Narrow
Band
FHSS
Wide
Band
FHSS
Broadband
Back
Back
Center
Back
Span
Min
Sweep
Time
Measure
Back
Back
Figure 2-9.
2-11
Auto
D4 SF
Terminate
ESF
Bridged
Monitor
+20 dB
MODE=T1 Tester:
B8ZS
AMI
SOFTKEYS:
Setup
Back
BERT
Vpp
Display
Raw Data/
Histogram
Receive
Input
Start /
Stop
Measure
Pattern
Volume
Insert
Errors
Line
Coding
Select
Channel
Measure
Duration
More
Time
Scale
Back
VF
Channel
Access
Start /
Stop
Measure
Terminate/
Bridged
Transmit
On/Off
Vpp/
dBdsx
Transmit
Frequency
Back
Transmit
Level
Back
(If Histogram
is selected)
Back
Framing
Mode
Back
More
Clock
Source
Setup
Error
Insert
Self
Loop
Up
Self
Loop
Down
Transmit
Level
Remote
Loop
Up
ANSI CRC/
Japan CRC
Remote
Loop
Down
Internal
Loop
Code
Bit
CSU
BPV
NIU
Framing
Bits
-7.5 dB
User 1
RAI
-15 dB
User 2
AIS
0 dB
Back
Back
In Band/
Data Link
Back
Back
Figure 2-10.
2-12
External
Back
Back
Auto
MODE=T1 Tester:
SOFTKEYS:
Setup
Vpp
Bridged
PCM31
Monitor
+20 dB
HDB3
AMI
Back
Framing
Mode
Receive
Input
Start /
Stop
Measure
Pattern
Volume
Insert
Errors
Line
Coding
75
Select
Channel
Measure
Duration
More
120
Transmit
On/Off
Time
Scale
Back
Vpp/
dBdsx
Transmit
Frequency
Back
Transmit
Level
VF
Channel
Access
Back
PCM30
CRC
Back
Display
Raw Data/
Histogram
Terminate/
Bridged
Terminate
PCM31
CRC
BERT
Start /
Stop
Measure
PCM30
(If Histogram
is selected)
More
Self
Loop
Up
Back
Clock
Source
Setup
Error
Insert
Internal
Impedance
Bit
Self
Loop
Down
75
BPV
120
Framing
Bits
External
Back
RAI
AIS
Back
Back
Back
Back
Figure 2-11.
2-13
SOFTKEYS:
FREQ/SPAN
AMPLITUDE
MEAS/DISP
Center
Ref
Level
Bandwidth
Span
Scale
Trace
Start
Atten/
Preamp
Calibrate
TM
Edit
Stop
Signal
Standard
Select
Channel
Auto
VBW
Auto
Min
Manual
VBW
Manual
Span
Up
1-2-5
Dynamic
Back
Back
Preamp
Control
Manual
Back
Auto
Manual
Dynamic
Preamp
On/Off
Preamp
Auto
Back
2-14
RBW
Manual
Full
Span
Down
1-2-5
Figure 2-12.
RBW
Auto
MODE=POWER METER:
SOFTKEYS:
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
MEAS/DISP
Center
Units
RMS
Acquisition
Span
Rel
Off
Offset
dB
Edit
Zero
Full
Signal
Standard
Zero
Span
Up
1-2-5
Span
Down
1-2-5
Back
Page
Up
Page
Down
Bottom
of
List
Select/
Deselect
Edit
Medium
Calibrate
Offset
High
Recall
Offset
CAL
Select
Standard
Top
of
List
Low
Select
Channel
Back
Uplink
Back
Downlink
Channel
Increment
Back
Show
Selected
Figure 2-13.
SOFTKEYS:
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
MEAS/DISP
Center
Rel
Running
Averages
Offset
dB
Max
Hold
Zero
Limit
ON/OFF
Lower
Limit
Signal
Standard
Select
Standard
Top
of
List
Page
Up
Page
Down
Upper
Limit
Limit
Units
Select
Channel
Uplink
Downlink
Bottom
of
List
Select/
Deselect
Back
Show
Selected
Figure 2-14.
2-15
System
Options
Application
Options
Clock
Self
Test
Printer
Hour
CAL
Mode
Status
Units
Minute
GPS
Change
Date
Format
Month
Language
English
GPS
On/Off
Day
Back
Location
Year
Back
Quality
Back
Reset
Back
Figure 2-16.
System
Options
Application
Options
Clock
Self
Test
Printer
Hour
Status
Units
Minute
Month
Impedance
GPS
On/Off
Back
Bias
Tee
GPS
Change
Date
Format
Day
External
Ref
Freq
Language
English
50
Location
75__
Anritsu
12N50-75B
Year
Quality
Back
Back
Other
Adapter
Offset
Reset
Back
Figure 2-15.
2-16
Back
System
Options
Application
Options
Clock
Self
Test
Printer
Hour
External
Ref
Freq
Status
Bias
Tee
Units
Minute
GPS
Change
Date
Format
Month
Impedance
Language
English
GPS
On/Off
Day
Back
50
Location
75__
Anritsu
12N50-75B
Year
Back
Quality
Other
Adapter
Offset
Back
Reset
Back
Figure 2-18.
Back
System
Options
Application
Options
Clock
Self
Test
Printer
Hour
Log
Data
Status
Units
Minute
Month
GPS
Change
Date
Format
GPS
On/Off
Day
Back
Language
English
Location
Year
Quality
Back
Back
Reset
Back
Figure 2-17.
2-17
Displays the frequency and distance menu depending on the measurement mode.
Frequency
Menu
The frequency and distance menu for cable and antenna analyzer measurements
provides for setting sweep frequency end points when Freq mode is selected. Selected frequency values may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow
key.
Opens the F1 parameter for data entry. This is the start value for the
frequency sweep. Press ENTER when data entry is complete.
q F1
Opens the F2 parameter for data entry. This is the stop value for the
frequency sweep. Press ENTER when data entry is complete.
q F2
q Signal Standard
Distance
Menu
Provides for setting Distance to Fault parameters when a DTF mode is selected.
Choosing DIST causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area. Selected distance values may be
changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Opens the start distance (D1) parameter for data entry. This is the start
value for the distance range (D1 default = 0). Press ENTER when data entry
is complete.
q D1
Opens the end distance (D2) parameter for data entry. This is the end
value for the distance range. Press ENTER when data entry is complete.
q D2
q DTF Aid
q More
q
(relative propagation velocity) Opens the Propagation Velocity parameter for data entry. Enter the propagation velocity for the type of
transmission line being tested. Press ENTER when data entry is complete. (Range is 0.010 to 1.000)
q Prop Vel
q Cable
Opens a menu of FFT windowing types for the DTF calculation. Scroll the menu using the Up/Down arrow key and make a selection
with the ENTER key. Refer to Appendix B for more details on windowing.
q Window
2-18
Choosing FREQ/DIST in Spectrum Analyzer mode causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
Sets the center frequency of the Spectrum Analyzer. Enter a value
using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad, press ENTER to accept, ESCAPE
to restore previous value.
Span Sets the user-defined frequency span. Use the Up/Down arrow key
or keypad to enter a value in MHz. Also brings up Full and Zero soft keys.
q Edit allows editing of the frequency span. Enter a value using the number
keys.
q Center
q Full
span sets the span to 0 Hz. This displays the input signal in an amplitude versus time mode, which is useful for viewing modulation.
q Zero
activates the span function so that the span may be increased quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
q Span Up 1-2-5
activates the span function so that the span may be reduced quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
q Stop
q Signal Standard
q Select Channel
2-19
Amplitude
Menu
Provides for changing the status window scale. Selected values may be changed
using the Up/Down arrow key or keypad.
Choosing AMPLITUDE in cable and antenna analyzer measurement modes
causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be
shown in the message area.
Opens the top parameter for data entry and provides for setting the
top scale value. Press ENTER when data entry is complete.
q Top
Opens the bottom parameter for data entry and provides for setting
the bottom scale value. Press ENTER when data entry is complete.
q Bottom
Choosing AMPLITUDE in Spectrum Analyzer mode causes the soft keys, below,
to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
Activates the amplitude reference level function. Valid reference levels are from +20 to 120 dBm.
q Ref Level
Activates the scale function in a 1 through 15 dB logarithmic amplitude scale. This soft key is not active if the units are set to linear.
q Scale
q Atten/Preamp
q Manual
q Dynamic
q Preamp Auto
Sets the reference level offset. This feature allows measurement of high gain devices in combination with an attenuator. It is used to
offset the reference level to view the correct output level. For example, to
measure a high gain amplifier with an output of 70 dBm, an external 50 dB
attenuator must be inserted between the Site Master and the device. To compensate, set the reference level offset to 50 dB.
2-20
Displays the Meas/Disp soft key menu for the current operating mode.
Meas/Disp
Menu
Provides for changing the status window resolution, single or continuous sweep,
and access to the Trace Math functions.
Choosing MEAS/DISP in cable and antenna analyzer freq or DTF measurement
modes causes the soft keys below to be displayed.
Opens the status window to change the resolution. Choose 130,
259, or 517 data points. (In DTF mode, resolution can only be adjusted
through the DTF Aid table.)
q Resolution
q Single Sweep
q Trace Math
q Trace Overlay
Toggles the fixed CW function ON or OFF. When OFF, a narrow band of frequencies around the selected frequency is generated. This enhances the immunity of the Site Master to an interfering signal. When CW is
ON, only a single frequency with a very narrow band width is generated by
the Site Master. The sweep speed is somewhat faster in CW ON mode. If CW
is ON during normal RL or SWR measurements, it will be more susceptible
to interfering signals, so use this feature with caution. Interfering signals can
make the measurement look better or worse than it really is.
q Fixed CW
Choosing MEAS/DISP in Spectrum Analyzer mode causes the soft keys below
to be displayed.
Activates a menu that allows the resolution and video
bandwidths to be either coupled automatically to the span (Auto) or manually
adjustable (Manual).
q RBW Auto Sets the resolution bandwidth so that it is automatically
coupled to the span.
q Bandwidth
q RBW Manual
the span.
q VBW Auto
q VBW Manual
RBW.
q Detection
2-21
q Positive Peak
q RMS Average
q Negative Peak
q Sampling Mode
q Average (2-25)
q Trace Math
q View B / Clear B
q A > B
q A B > A
q A + B > A
q Back
q Min Hold
nal.
q Measure
q On/Off
provided.
Select a custom antenna profile as uploaded to the Site Master using the Handheld Software Tools program.
q Method
q %
q dBc
q Measure
q Back
q Channel Power
2-22
q Center Freq
q Int BW
q Channel Span
application.
Automatically sets the span to cover one channel as defined by the selected signal standard.
q ACPR
q Center Freq
q Main Channel BW
q Adjacent Channel BW
q Channel Spacing
q Measure
q Back
q More
q Int. Analysis
q Set IA Freq.
q Measure
q IA Freq. To Center
q IA Freq as Marker M1
marker M1.
q Back
Select AM, Narrow Band FM (300 ms de-emphasis), Wide Band FM (50 ms de-emphasis), USB or LSB.
q AM/FM Demod
q On/Off
q Demod Type
Use the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad to increase or decrease the demodulation frequency. Select the GHz,
MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the frequency input.
q Demod Freq
q Volume
Use the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad to increase or decrease the demodulation time, and press the ENTER
key to select.
Back Returns to the previous menu.
q Demod Time
2-23
q Signal Type
q Center
- Sets the user-defined frequency span. Use the Up/Down arrow key or keypad to enter a value in MHz.
q Span
- Sets a sweep time of one second or more to improve the ability to capture instances of the interfering signal.
q Back
q Trigger
q
q Single
q Video
q Back
MARKER
Choosing MARKER in cable and antenna analyzer freq and dist mode causes
the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown
in the message area. Selected frequency marker or distance marker locations
may be changed using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Selects the M1 marker parameter and opens the M1 marker second
level menu.
q On/Off Turns the selected marker on or off.
q M1
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency or distance with the maximum amplitude value.
q Marker To Peak
Places the selected marker at the frequency or distance with the minimum amplitude value.
q Marker To Valley
q Edit
Displays delta amplitude value as well as delta frequency or distance for the selected marker with respect to the M1 marker.
q Delta (Mx-M1)
2-24
q Marker To Peak
Places the selected marker at the frequency or distance with the minimum amplitude value.
q Marker To Valley
q Back
q All Off
q More
q M5
q On/Off
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency or distance with the maximum amplitude value between
marker M1 and marker M2.
Places the selected marker at the frequency or distance with the minimum amplitude value between
marker M1 and marker M2.
q Back
q M6
q On/Off
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the peak between marker M3 and marker M4.
Choosing MARKER in Spectrum Analyzer mode causes the soft keys, below, to
be displayed and the corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
Selects the M1 marker parameter and opens the M1 marker second
level menu.
q On/Off Turns the selected marker on or off.
q M1
q Edit
q Marker To Peak
2-25
q Edit
Displays delta amplitude value as well as delta frequency for the selected marker with respect to the M1 marker.
q Delta (Mx-M1)
q Marker To Peak
q More
q
q On/Off
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency with the maximum amplitude value between marker M1 and
marker M2.
Places the selected marker at the frequency with the minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and
marker M2.
q Back
q M6
q On/Off
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency with the maximum amplitude value between marker M3 and
marker M4.
Places the selected marker at the frequency with the minimum amplitude value between marker M3 and
marker M4.
q Back
2-26
q Regular Marker
q Noise Marker
q All Off
q Back
LIMIT
Pressing LIMIT in cable and antenna analyzer frequency and distance mode activates a menu of limit related functions. Use the corresponding soft key to select
the desired limit function. Then use the Up/Down arrow key to change its value,
which is displayed in the message area at the bottom of the status window.
Choosing LIMIT in Freq or DTF measurement modes causes the soft keys below
to be displayed.
Sets a single limit value in dBm. Menu choices are:
Turns the single limit function on or off
q Single Limit
q On/Off
q Edit
q On/Off
q Edit
q Prev Segment
ment.
q Next Segment
q Back
q Back
q Limit Beep
Choosing LIMIT in Spectrum Analyzer measurement mode causes the soft keys
below to be displayed.
Sets a single limit value in dBm. Menu choices are:
On/Off Turns the limit on or off.
q Single Limit
q
q Edit
Activate the upper and lower limit lines by toggling this soft key. The unit beeps if the data is above or below the set
limit lines and the status is displayed in the message area.
q Back
2-27
q On/Off
q Edit
q Prev Segment
ment.
q Next Segment
q Back
q On/Off
q Edit
q Prev Segment
ment.
q Next Segment
q Back
2-28
In cable and antenna analyzer or optional power meter mode, pressing the SYS
key displays the following System menu soft key selections:
q System Options Displays a second level of system option functions:
q Clock Displays a second level of functions:
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Back
q Self Test
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
q Language
2-29
q System Options
q Clock
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Bias Tee
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
q Back
2-30
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
In Transmission Measurement mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following System menu soft key selections:
Displays a second level of system option functions:
Displays a second level of functions:
q System Options
q Clock
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
2-31
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
In T1/E1 measurement mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following System menu soft key selections:
Displays a second level of system option functions:
Displays a second level of functions:
q System Options
q Clock
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
2-32
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Back
q Self Test
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
q GPS
q
q
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
q Language
In Power Monitor mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following System
menu soft key selections:
q System Options Displays a second level of system option functions:
q Clock Displays a second level of functions:
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
2-33
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
In Interference Analyzer mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following
System menu soft key selections:
q System Options Displays a second level of system option functions:
q Clock Displays a second level of functions:
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
2-34
q Printer
q Units
q Bias Tee
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
2-35
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
q Back
q Self Test
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
2-36
q GPS
q
q
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
2-37
Turns relative mode OFF, if currently ON. If relative mode is currently OFF, turns it ON and causes the power level to be measured and saved
as the base level. Subsequent measurements are then displayed relative to this
saved value. With units of dBm, relative mode displays dBr; with units of
Watts, relative mode displays % (percent).
q Rel
q Offset dB
Turns Zero OFF, if currently ON. If Zero is currently OFF, this soft
key turns it ON and initiates collection of a series of power level samples,
which are averaged and saved. This saved value is then subtracted from subsequent measurements prior to display.
q Zero
2-38
AMPLITUDE
Span Pressing the Span soft key activates a menu of span related choices
in the active function block.
q Edit Allows direct entry of a specific frequency span. Use the keypad
or Up/Down arrow key to select the span.
q
Full Sets the Anritsu Spectrum Master to its maximum frequency span,
2.975 GHz.
Span Up 1-2-5 Activates the span function so that the span may be increased quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
Span Down 1-2-5 Activates the span function so that the span may be
reduced quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
Stop Activates the stop frequency and sets the Anritsu Spectrum Master in
the Start/Stop mode. Use the keypad to enter the desired stop frequency and
complete the entry by pressing the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept
the stop frequency input.
Select Channel Sets the channel for the selected signal standard. Select a
channel using the Up/Down arrow key and press the ENTER key to implement.
2-39
Scale Activates the scale function in a 1 through 15 dB per division logarithmic amplitude scale. Enter the desired scale using the keypad or
Up/Down arrow key. Press ENTER to accept.
MEAS/DISP
q Bandwidth
q RBW Manual
the span.
q VBW Auto
2-40
RBW.
q Average (2-25)
Min Hold Displays and holds the minimum responses of the input signal over multiple sweeps. This feature is useful for detecting small, discrete, stable signals in the presence of noise.
Trace Math Pressing the Trace Math key in Transmission Measurement mode activates a menu of trace-related functions. Use the corresponding soft key to select the desired trace function.
NOTE: For this function, Trace A is always the runtime trace, and Trace B is always a saved trace. Trace A is displayed as a yellow trace, and Trace B is displayed as a magenta trace. Some adjustment of the display brightness may be
required for optimal viewing. Refer to page 3-15 for information on saving and
recalling traces.
q
q
2-41
q System Options
q
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Application Options
q Bias Tee
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
q Back
q Self Test
2-42
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
q Language
LIMIT
Pressing LIMIT on the data keypad in Transmission Measurement mode activates a menu of limit-related functions. Use the corresponding soft key to select
the desired limit function. Then use the Up/Down arrow key to change its value,
which is displayed in the message area at the bottom of the display.
q Single Limit Sets a single limit value. Menu choices are:
q On/Off Turns the single limit function on or off.
q
Edit Allows entry of the limit amplitude using the keypad or Up/Down
arrow key. Press ENTER to accept the entered value.
Upper / Lower Limit Selects whether the measurement will fail if the
data is above the limit line or below the limit line, as indicated in the message area of the display.
Edit Opens the segment parameters for editing (see Adjusting Segmented Limits, page 3-17).
q Back
q
2-43
Edit Opens the segment parameters for editing (see Adjusting Segmented Limits, page 3-17).
q Back
MARKER
Pressing MARKER on the data keypad in Transmission Measurement mode activates a menu for the six different markers. Use the corresponding soft key to
select the desired marker. Then use the marker second level menu to turn the
markers on or off, and to edit marker parameters and values.
Selects the M1 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
menu with M1 highlighted.
q On/Off Turns the selected marker on or off.
q M1
Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Enter the desired marker frequency using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key. Select
the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the marker frequency input.
q Edit
q Delta (Mx-M1)
q Marker To Peak
Makes the center frequency equal to the frequency of the selected marker.
NOTE: The markers second-level menu above is identical for markers M2-M4.
Selects the M2 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
menu with M2 highlighted.
q M2
Selects the M3 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
menu with M3 highlighted.
q M3
Selects the M4 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
menu with M4 highlighted.
q M4
q All Off
q More
q
2-44
Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Enter the
desired marker frequency using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Select the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the marker frequency input.
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency with minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
NOTE: If markers M1 and/or M2 are off, the Peak and Valley functions above
are executed across the entire span.
Selects the M6 marker parameter and opens the M6 marker second
level menu with M6 highlighted.
q On/Off Turns the selected marker on or off.
q M6
Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Enter the
desired marker frequency using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Select the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the marker frequency input.
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency with maximum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
Places the selected marker at the frequency with minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
q Regular Marker
q Noise Marker
q All Off
q Back
NOTE: If either marker M3 or marker M4 is off, the Peak and Valley functions
above are executed across the entire span.
2-45
q Center
q Span
Enter a start frequency value (in GHz, MHz, kHz or Hz) using the
Up/Down arrow key or keypad, press ENTER to accept, ESCAPE to restore. If the entered start frequency is greater than the current stop frequency,
the stop frequency is automatically adjusted to be the same as the start frequency (zero span).
q Start
Enter a stop frequency value (in GHz, MHz, kHz or Hz) using the
Up/Down arrow key or keypad, press ENTER to accept, ESCAPE to restore. If the entered stop frequency is lower than the current start frequency,
the start frequency is automatically adjusted to be the same as the stop frequency (zero span).
q Stop
q Signal Standard
dard to be used.
Opens the signal standard menu, showing the currently selected signal standards. Use the soft keys to navigate the list.
Press the Show All soft key to show the complete signal standard list.
When the complete list is displayed, the currently selected signal standards are marked with an asterisk. Press the Show Selected soft key to
show only the currently selected signal standards.
q Select Standard
q Select Channel
q Uplink
q Downlink
q Back
AMPLITUDE
Choosing AMPLITUDE causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the
corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
Activates the amplitude reference level function which sets the
amplitude at the top of the display. Valid reference levels are from +20 to
120 dBm.
q Ref Level
2-46
q Scale
q Atten/Preamp
q Manual
q Dynamic
NOTE: A large signal that is not displayed on-screen can sometimes cause the
instrument to turn off the preamplifier or add input attenuation, causing the
noise floor to jump up or down suddenly as the large signal turns on or off.
Activates the preamp menu for manual control
of the preamplifier.
q Preamp On/Off Sets the preamplifier on or off.
q Preamp Auto
MEAS/DISP
Pressing MEAS/DISP activates a menu of bandwidth and sweep-related functions. Use the corresponding soft key to select the desired function.
q Spectrum Spectrum selects a traditional spectrum analyzer display.
Selecting Spectrogram provides a three dimensional representation of frequency, time and power to aid in the identification of intermittent signals. The bottom portion of the display shows a traditional spectrum
analyzer plot while the upper portion shows the power level in color with the
most recent trace placed at the bottom of the display. A color scale on the left
q Spectrogram
2-47
q Time Span
q Auto Save
The cursor controls enable the user to look through the waterfall display and read the power level at a selected frequency and time. The
time, frequency and power level at the measurement point are shown in
the message block at the bottom of the screen. Selecting the Cursor soft
key turns the cursors on.
q Cursor
q Time Cursor
q Freq Cursor
q Back
Selecting Spectrum returns to the traditional spectrum analyzer display and MEAS/DISP soft key menu.
Signal Strength Selecting Signal Strength displays the power at a single
frequency (in dBm) along with an optional audible indicator. The frequency
of the audible indicator increases as the measured signal strength increases.
This mode is especially useful when attempting to locate an emitter using a
directional antenna.
q Volume Select the Volume soft key to adjust the sound level of the audible signal strength indicator using the Up/Down arrow key. The current
volume setting is shown in the lower measurement block.
q Spectrum
2-48
q RSSI
q Time Span
Auto Scale Data sets the reference level and scale factor to values that spread the data vertically over as much of the screen as
possible, with the reference level set in 0.1 dB steps and vertical scaling
set in 1 dB steps from 1 dB to 15 dB per division.
q Measure
The IA Freq to Center soft key moves the interference analysis frequency to the center of the screen.
q IA Freq to Center
The IA Freq As Marker M1 soft key sets the interference analysis frequency to be the frequency of marker M1. This is
the easiest way to enter the measurement frequency. Refer to the Marker
key section on the next page for information on setting the markers.
q IA Freq As Marker M1
q RBW Auto
q RBW Manual
2-49
q VBW Auto
q VBW Manual
q Back
q Detection
q Positive Peak
play point.
q RMS Average
q Negative Peak
display point.
q Sampling Mode
q Back
Select the Volume soft key to adjust the sound level of the audible signal strength indicator using the Up/Down arrow key. The current
volume setting is shown in the lower measurement block.
q Volume
MARKER
Pressing MARKER on the data keypad activates a menu for the six different
markers. Use the corresponding soft key to select the desired marker. Then use
the marker second level menu to turn the markers on or off, and to edit marker
parameters and values.
q M1
Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Enter the desired marker frequency using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key. Select
the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the marker frequency input.
q Edit
q Delta (Mx-M1)
q Marker To Peak
Makes the center frequency equal to the frequency of the selected marker.
NOTE: The markers second-level menu above is identical for markers M2-M4.
Selects the M2 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
menu with M2 highlighted.
q M2
2-50
q M3
Selects the M4 marker parameter and opens the Markers second level
menu with M4 highlighted.
q M4
q All Off
q More
q
q On/Off
Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Enter the
desired marker frequency using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Select the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the marker frequency input.
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency with maximum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
Places the selected marker at the frequency with minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
NOTE: If markers M1 and/or M2 are off, the Peak and Valley functions above
are executed across the entire span.
Selects the M6 marker parameter and opens the M6 marker second
level menu with M6 highlighted.
q On/Off Turns the selected marker on or off.
q M6
Opens the selected marker parameter for data entry. Enter the
desired marker frequency using the keypad or Up/Down arrow key.
Select the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key to accept the marker frequency input.
q Edit
Places the selected marker at the frequency with maximum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
Places the selected marker at the frequency with minimum amplitude value between marker M1 and M2.
q Regular Marker
q Noise Marker
q All Off
q Back
2-51
Pressing the LIMIT key activates a menu of limit related functions. Use the corresponding soft key to select the desired limit function. Then use the Up/Down
arrow key to change its value, which is displayed in the message area at the bottom of the status window.
Edit Allows entry of the limit amplitude using the keypad or Up/Down
arrow key. Press ENTER to accept the entered value.
Upper / Lower Limit Selects whether the measurement will fail if the
data is above the limit line or below the limit line, as indicated in the message area of the display.
Edit Opens the segment parameters for editing (see Adjusting Segmented Limits, page 3-17).
q Back
Edit Opens the segment parameters for editing (see Adjusting Segmented Limits, page 3-17).
q Back
2-52
SYS
In Interference Analyzer mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following
System menu soft key selections:
q System Options Displays a second level of system option functions:
q Clock Displays a second level of functions:
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Bias Tee
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
2-53
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
q Back
Language Pressing this soft key immediately changes the language used to
display messages on the Site Master status window. Choices are English,
French, German, Spanish, Chinese, and Japanese. The default language is English.
2-54
The operating frequency range for Channel Scanner mode can either be set manually, or the desired air interface standard can be selected from the Signal Standard list in the instrument. When the frequency range is selected from the Signal
Standard list, all frequency related parameters are automatically set to the appropriate values for that particular standard.
q Start Freq Enter a start frequency from 9 kHz to 3000 MHz using the
Up/Down arrow key, or the keypad and the appropriate soft key for Hz, kHz,
MHz or GHz. Press ENTER to accept the input.
The value entered here is the channel spacing. Enter a step
size from 0 to 3000 MHz using the Up/Down arrow key, or the keypad and
the appropriate soft key for Hz, kHz, MHz or GHz. Press ENTER to accept
the input.
q Signal Standard
dard to be used.
Opens the signal standard menu, showing the currently selected signal standards. Use the soft keys to navigate the list.
Press the Show All soft key to show the complete signal standard list.
When the complete list is displayed, the currently selected signal standards are marked with an asterisk. Press the Show Selected soft key to
show only the currently selected signal standards.
q Select Standard
q Start Channel
q Uplink
q Downlink
Channel Span sets the width of each channel. Enter a Channel Span from 0 to 3000 MHz using the Up/Down arrow key, or the keypad
and the appropriate soft key for Hz, kHz, MHz or GHz. Press ENTER to accept the input.
q Channel Span
2-55
Choosing AMPLITUDE causes the soft keys, below, to be displayed and the
corresponding values to be shown in the message area.
Reference Level sets the power level at the top of the display.
Enter a value from +20.0 to 120.0 dBm, in 0.1 dB steps, using the Up/Down
arrow key or the keypad and press ENTER to accept the input. The currently
selected reference level is shown in the message area at the bottom of the display.
q Ref Level
q Scale
MEAS/DISP
q Number of Channels
Display Channel/Frequency toggles between displaying the channel number or the channel frequency (with a resolution of
100 MHz).
q Display Channel/Freq
SYS
In Channel Scanner mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following System
menu soft key selections:
Displays a second level of system option functions:
Displays a second level of functions:
q System Options
q Clock
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
2-56
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
q Back
q Self Test
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
q GPS
q
q
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
q Language
2-57
Soft Keys
The following soft keys are available when entering CW Signal Generator mode, or by
pressing the FREQ/DIST function key while in CW Signal Generator mode:
Enter a CW frequency from 25 MHz to 3000 MHz using the
Up/Down arrow key, or the keypad and the appropriate soft key for Hz, kHz,
MHz or GHz. Press ENTER to accept the input.
q Freq
Selecting this soft key displays a diagram of the recommended setup to use this option.
dard to be used.
Opens the signal standard menu, showing the currently selected signal standards. Use the soft keys to navigate the list.
Press the Show All soft key to show the complete signal standard list.
When the complete list is displayed, the currently selected signal standards are marked with an asterisk. Press the Show Selected soft key to
show only the currently selected signal standards.
q Select Standard
q Start Channel
q Uplink
q Downlink
q Back
SYS
In CW Signal Generator mode, pressing the SYS key displays the following
System menu soft key selection
Displays a second level of system option functions:
Clock Displays a second level of functions:
q System Options
q
Enter the hour (0-23) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Hour
2-58
q Minute
Enter the month (1-12) using the Up/Down arrow key or the
keypad. Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to
restore the previous value.
q Month
Enter the day using the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad.
Press ENTER when data entry is complete or ESCAPE to restore the
previous value.
q Day
q Year
q Back
q Printer
q Units
q Bias Tee
q Impedance
q 50W
q 75W
q Back
In cable and antenna analyzer freq or dist measurement mode, displays the current instrument status, including calibration status, temperature,
and battery charge state. Press ESCAPE to return to operation.
q Status
q GPS
q
q
Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
2-59
Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and
the GPS quality.
2-60
q Center
q Full
q Min
Activates the span function so that the span may be increased quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
q Span Up 1-2-5
q Signal Standard
q Start Channel
q Uplink
q Downlink
q Back
The following soft keys are available when the AMPLITUDE key is pressed.
Choose either Watts or dBm.
Rel Selects whether relative power is on or off. When on, the message
Relative: On will show in the message area.
q Units
q
q Offset
tered.
q Zero
Turns offset on or off. When on, a value from 0-60 dB can be en-
2-61
q RMS Acquisition
q Low
q Medium
q High
q Back Returns to the previous menu.
Activates the RMS Averaging menu. The RMS average is calculated by taking the log of the average power and the power is calculated from voltage. The number of points to average can be set to low,
medium, or high.
q Running Averages
2-62
tions.
q Framing Mode
q Auto
q D4 SF
q ESF
q Back
q Receive Input
Terminates the circuit under test with 100W. Terminate mode is used to test out of service or newly installed T1 lines
when there is no traffic data.
Bridged Bridged mode provides greater than 1 kW impedance to
test the in-service line by bridging the receiver input across T1
lines.
q Terminate
q Monitor +20 dB
q Back
q Pattern
q Line Coding
q B8ZS
q AMI
The Site Master clock is synchronized with the received signal clock.
q External
2-63
q BPV
q Framing Bits
q RAI
q AIS
q Back
q Loop Code
q CSU
q NIU
q User 1
q User 2
code.
code.
q In Band/Data Link
q Back
q Transmit Level
q 0 dB
q 7.5 dB
q 15 dB
q Back
Selects either the ANSI or Japanese methods for calculating CRC. Also selects between the ANSI and Japanese
methods of generating RAI.
q Back
q Measure BERT
measurement.
data or a histogram.
q Start/Stop Measure
q Insert Errors
Selects the duration of the measurement. The duration can be 3 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6
hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days or the duration can be manually set.
Use the Up/Down arrow key to display the desired duration and press
ENTER to select, or ESCAPE to restore the previous value.
q Measure Duration
2-64
q Time Scale
q More
q Self Loop Up
nal.
q Remote Loop Up
q Start/Stop Measure
q Terminate/Bridged
q Vpp/dBdsx
2-65
q BERT
q Setup BERT
q Framing Mode
q Auto
q PCM30
q PCM30 CRC
q PCM31
q PCM31 CRC
q Back
q Receive Input
q Terminate
q Bridged
q Monitor +20 dB
q Pattern
q Line Coding
High Density Bipolar. An E1 code in which bipolar violations are inserted if the user data contains more than three consecutive zeros.
q HDB3
q AMI
q More
q Clock Source
q Internal
q External
q BPV
q Framing Bits
2-66
q RAI
q AIS
q 120W
measurement.
data or a histogram.
q Start/Stop Measure
q Insert Errors
Selects the duration of the measurement. The duration can be 3 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6
hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 2 days or manual. Use the Up/Down arrow key
to display the desired duration and press ENTER to select, or ESCAPE to restore the previous value.
q Measure Duration
q Time Scale
q More
q Self Loop Up
nal.
q Start/Stop Measure
q Terminate/Bridged
ment.
q 75W
q 120W
q Vpp/dBdsx
2-67
Symbols
Table 2-1 provides a listing of the symbols used as condition indicators on the LCD status
window.
Table 2-1. LCD Icon Symbols
Icon
HOLD
Symbol
Site Master is in Hold for power conservation. To resume sweeping, press
the RUN/HOLD key. When running on battery power, after 10 minutes
without a key press, the Site Master will automatically activate the power
conservation mode.
GPS
GPS
This symbol displayed in red means GPS is on and is searching for satellites. The same symbol in green means the Site Master has stored the GPS
location information but is not currently locked to the satellites. The data
will remain stored until the unit is turned off.
dx
Integrator Failure. Intermittent integrator failure may be caused by interference from another antenna. Persistent integrator failure indicates a need
to return the Site Master to the nearest Anritsu service center for repair.
Lock fail indication. Check battery. (If the Site Master fails to lock with a
fully charged battery, call your Anritsu Service Center.)
When calibration is performed, the Site Master stores the temperature. If
the temperature drifts outside the specified range, this icon will appear at
the top of the status window, and the Cal Off message will be displayed. A
recalibration at the current temperature is recommended.
Indicates the remaining charge on the battery. The inner white rectangle
grows longer as the battery charge depletes.
Cal On
The Site Master has been calibrated with discrete Open, Short and Load
components.
Cal On!
The Site Master has been calibrated with the InstaCal Module.
Cal Off
FlexCal On
The Site Master has been calibrated with discrete Open, Short and Load
components for the frequency supported by the unit (25 MHz to 4000
MHz).
FlexCal On!
2-68
The Site Master has been calibrated with the InstaCal Module for the frequency supported by the unit (25 MHz to 4000 MHz).
Self Test
At turn-on, the Site Master runs through a series of quick checks to ensure the system is
functioning properly. Note that the voltage and temperature are displayed in the lower left
corner below the self test message. If the battery is low, or if the ambient temperature is not
within the specified operational range, Self Test will fail. If Self Test fails and the battery is
fully charged and the Site Master is within the specified operating temperature range, call
your Anritsu Service Center.
2-69
Error Messages
Self Test Error Messages
A listing of Self Test Error messages is provided in Table 2-2.
Table 2-2.
Error Message
Description
Battery Low
Battery voltage is less than 9.5 volts. Charge battery. If condition persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.
External supply voltage is less than 10 volts. Call your Anritsu Service
Center
PLL Failed
Integrator Failed
EEPROM R/W
Failed
Out Of Temp.
Range
The internal real-time clock battery is low. A low or drained clock battery will affect the date stamp on saved traces. Contact your nearest
Anritsu Service Center.
LO Lock Fail
The local oscillator in the spectrum analyzer has phase lock loop errors. If condition persists with a fully charged battery, call your Anritsu
Service Center.
Memory Fail
The EEPROM test on the Site Master main board has failed. If condition persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.
The time and date are not properly set in the Site Master. If condition
persists, call your Anritsu Service Center.
2-70
Error Message
Description
RANGE
ERROR:F1 > F2
The start (F1) frequency is greater than the stop (F2) frequency.
RANGE
ERROR:D1 > D2
The start (D1) distance is greater than the stop (D2) distance.
RANGE
ERROR:D2 >
DMax=xx.x ft (m)
The stop distance (D2) exceeds the maximum unaliased range. This
range is determined by the frequency span, number of points,
and relative propagation velocity:
(1.5 108) (dp - 1) (V f )
MaximumUnaliased Range =
F2 - F1
Where:
RANGE ERROR:
TOP<=BOTTOM
The SWR scale parameter top value is less than or equal to its bottom
value.
RANGE ERROR:
TOP>=BOTTOM
The RL scale parameter top value is greater than or equal to its bottom
value.
2-71
Error Message
Description
OVER LOAD
Decrease Input Power
This error message is displayed when there is too much input power.
OVER RANGE!
Increase Attenuation
Mixer Saturation!
Increase Atten
This error is displayed when a signal is present at the external reference port, but is not locked to the specified frequency.
This error is displayed when the user attempts to change the following
parameters when not in zero span:
CHANGE TRIGGER POSITION (MEAS/DISP/TRIGGER)
VIDEO TRIGGER (MEAS/DISP/TRIGGER)
This error is displayed when the user tries to do field strength, occupied
bandwidth, channel power and adjacent channel power measurements
when in Zero Span.
Xref N MHz
The RBW in Zero Span mode must be at least 30 kHz. If it is not, it will
automatically be adjusted to 30 kHz and this message will be displayed.
2-72
Error Message
Description
The Site Master was unable to read the InstaCal module serial number.
The Site Master was unable to transfer all necessary data between the
InstaCal module and the Site Master.
2-73
Error Message
Description
Warning! Power
Supply Error
Warning! RF Power
Level is too high
Warning! Sensor
not zeroed properly.
Zero sensor again
Warning! Specified
temperature range (0
to 50C) exceeded
The temperature changed more than the allowable limit after the sensor
was zeroed.
Error Message
Description
CAL
Incomplete
Dist Requires
F1 < F2
The cable is too long or too reflective for FlexCal to work. OSL cal
must be used instead.
Cannot zero
input signal too high
Attempting to perform a Power Meter zero adjust function with an input of greater than 20 dBm.
2-74
Battery Information
Charging a New Battery
The NiMH battery supplied with the Site Master has already completed three charge and
discharge cycles at the factory and full battery performance should be realized after your
first charge.
NOTE: Use only Anritsu approved batteries, adapters and chargers with this instrument. The battery will not charge if the battery temperature is above 45 C
or below 0 C.
2-75
BATTERY INDICATOR
All
Off
More
Figure 2-19.
Once all the power has drained from the battery, the Site Master LCD will fade. At this
point, your Site Master will switch itself off and the battery will need to be recharged.
During operation, the battery condition can be viewed by pressing the SYS key and selecting the Self Test soft key (Figure 2-20). The battery condition will be displayed as a percentage of charge remaining.
2-76
Selftest
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . .
24C
Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PASSED
RTC Battery. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.1V
Battery (11.1V)
Battery Cal . . .. . . . . . . . . . .
PASSED
Battery Charge. . . . . . . . . . .
84% (I = 743mA)
VNA PLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PASSED
VNA Integrator . . . . . . . . . .
SPA LO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PASSED
PASSED
Figure 2-20.
Battery Life
The NiMH battery will last longer and perform better if allowed to completely discharge
before recharging. For maximum battery life, it is recommended that the NiMH battery be
completely discharged and recharged once every three months.
The charging circuitry inside the Site Master is designed to optimize the life of the battery.
If the temperature inside the instrument exceeds 50C, the current charge cycle will be suspended and a new charge cycle will not start until the temperature has come down to 50C.
The Site Master is also equipped with an automatic charging process that changes the
charging level based on the battery capacity. If the battery has been completely discharged
to zero volts, a pre-charge at a low DC current will be applied until the battery reaches a
level which is safe for a faster charge cycle. Similarly, the charging level will change when
the battery is close to fully charged. This charging process helps maximize the number of
recharge cycles available from the battery.
2-77
Figure 2-21.
The battery can be charged and discharged 300 to 500 times, but it will eventually wear out.
The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is noticeably shorter than normal.
2-78
The NiMH battery supplied with the Site Master has already completed three charge and
discharge cycles at the factory and full battery performance should be realized after the
first charge.
Recharge the battery only in the Site Master, or in an Anritsu approved charger.
If left unused, a fully charged battery will discharge itself over time.
Storing the battery in extreme hot or cold places will reduce the capacity and lifetime of
the battery. The battery will discharge faster at higher ambient temperatures (see Figure
2-21).
Discharge an NiMH battery from time to time to improve battery performance and battery life.
The battery can be charged and discharged hundreds of times, but it will eventually wear
out.
The battery may need to be replaced when the operating time between charging is noticeably shorter than normal.
Temperature extremes will affect the ability of the battery to charge. Allow the battery to
cool down or warm up as necessary before use or charging.
Batteries must be recycled or disposed of properly. Do not place batteries in the trash.
2-79
Chapter 3
Getting Started
Introduction
This chapter provides a brief overview of the Anritsu Site Master. The intent of this chapter
is to provide the user with a starting point for making basic cable and antenna analyzer,
spectrum analyzer, and power meter measurements. Procedures that are specific to cable
and antenna analyzer mode (page 3-2), Spectrum Analyzer mode (page 3-11), and common
to all modes (page 3-15) are presented.
Power On Procedure
The Anritsu Site Master is capable of up to 1.5 hours of continuous operation from a fully
charged, field-replaceable battery. Built-in energy conservation features allow battery life to
be extended.
The Site Master can also be operated from a 12.5 Vdc source (which will also simultaneously charge the battery). This can be achieved with either the Anritsu AC-DC Adapter
(P/N 40-168) or 12.5 Vdc Automotive Cigarette Lighter Adapter (P/N 806-141). Both items
are included as standard accessories (see Chapter 1).
To power on the Site Master:
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF front panel key (Figure 3-1).
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 3-1.
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
ON/OFF
KEY
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
Step 2. The Site Master will display the model number, the firmware revision, the internal temperature and voltage, and then perform a five second self test. At completion of the self-test, the screen displays a prompt to press ENTER to
continue. If enter is not pressed, the Site Master will continue after a five second
timeout.
Step 3. Press ENTER to continue.
The Site Master is now ready for operation.
3-1
Calibration
Calibration Methods
For accurate results, the Site Master must be calibrated before making any measurements.
The Site Master must be re-calibrated whenever the setup frequency changes, the temperature exceeds the calibration temperature range or when the test port extension cable is removed or replaced.
The two methods of calibrating the Site Master, FlexCal and OSL calibration, can each be
accomplished with either discrete components or with the InstaCal Module, providing four
calibration techniques for maximum user flexibility. FlexCal is a broadband frequency calibration that remains valid if the frequency is changed. An OSL calibration is an Open,
Short and Load calibration for a selected frequency range, and is no longer valid if the frequency is changed. The default calibration mode is OSL.
With either calibration method, the Site Master may be calibrated manually with Open,
Short, Load (OSL) calibration components, or by using the InstaCal module (25 MHz to
4000 MHz).
3-2
Calibration Verification
During the calibration process in Return Loss mode, either with discrete calibration components or with the InstaCal module, there are typical measurement levels expected. Verifying
the measurement levels displayed on the screen during calibration can save valuable time in
the field.
Trace Characteristics in Return Loss Mode
As the discrete calibration components are connected to the Site Master RF out port, the
following measurement levels will be displayed on the screen:
q
When an InstaCal module is connected to the Site Master RF out port, the following measurement levels will be displayed on the screen:
q
When the Site Master is measuring an equivalent OPEN, a trace will be displayed
between 0-20 dB.
When the Site Master is measuring an equivalent SHORT, a trace will be displayed
between 0-20 dB.
When the Site Master is measuring an equivalent LOAD, a trace will be displayed
between 0-50 dB.
The following procedures explain standard OSL, FlexCal, and InstaCal calibration methods. Refer to Figure 3-2 for a calibration setup diagram.
3-3
CALIBRATION
LOAD
RFOUT/REFLECTION
TEST PORT
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 3-2.
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
Calibration Setup
3-4
3-5
3-6
Model ICN50
InstaCal
MODULE
InstaCal
10M z- 4.0G z
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 3-3.
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
3-7
3-8
Auto Scale
The Site Master can automatically set the scale to the minimum and maximum values of the
measurement on the y-axis of the graph. This function is particularly useful for measurements in SWR mode. To automatically set the scale, press the AUTO SCALE key. The
Site Master will automatically set the top and bottom scales to the minimum and maximum
values of the measurement with some margin on the y-axis of the LCD.
Amplitude Scale
The following procedure sets the top and bottom scale display.
Step 1. Press the AMPLITUDE key to call up the Scale Menu.
Step 2. Press the Top soft key and use the keypad or Up/Down arrow key to edit the top
scale value. Press ENTER to set.
Step 3. Press the Bottom soft key and use the keypad or Up/Down arrow key to edit the
bottom scale value. Press ENTER to set.
NOTE: Typically the y-axis scale of the graph is 0-60 dB (return loss) but for
some measurements (for example, insertion loss) the scale may be changed to
0-10 dB. If the scale is not changed, some measurement results may not be
easily viewed on the screen.
3-9
3-10
Making a Measurement
Step 1. Connect the input cable to the RF In test port.
Step 2. Locate and display the signal(s) of interest by selecting the desired frequency,
span, and amplitude value.
3-11
3-12
3-13
3-14
All Modes
Save and Recall a Setup
Saving a Setup
Saving a cable and antenna analyzer setup configuration in memory will preserve the calibration information.
Step 1. To save the configuration in one of the available user setup locations, press
SAVE SETUP. There are ten locations in cable and antenna analyzer modes,
and five in Spectrum Analyzer mode.
Step 2. Use the key pad or the Up/Down arrow key to select a location.
Step 3. Press ENTER to save the setup.
NOTE: For cable and antenna analyzer modes, an OSL calibration is saved
with an OSL designation, an InstaCal OSL calibration is saved with an OSL!, a
FlexCal OSL calibration is saved with an FLX, and an InstaCal FlexCal calibration is saved with an FLX!.
Recalling a Setup
The following procedure recalls a setup from memory.
Step 1. Press the RECALL SETUP key.
Step 2. Select the desired setup using the Up/Down arrow key.
Step 3. Press ENTER to recall the setup.
NOTE: Only setups from the current mode are displayed.
3-15
Recalling a Display
The following procedure recalls a previously saved display from memory.
Step 1. Press the RECALL DISPLAY key.
Step 2. Select the desired display using the Up/Down arrow key.
Step 3. Press ENTER to recall the display.
Adjusting Markers
Step 1. Press the MARKER key to call up the Markers menu.
Step 2. Press the M1 soft key to select the M1 marker function.
Step 3. Press the Edit soft key and enter an appropriate value using the keypad or
Up/Down arrow key to move the marker without redrawing the trace. Pressing
the ON/OFF soft key activates or deactivates the M1 marker function.
Step 4. Press the Back soft key to return to the Markers Menu.
Step 5. Repeat the steps for markers M2, M3, M4, M5 and M6.
3-16
Adjusting Limits
The Site Master offers two types of limits: a single horizontal limit line and segmented limits.
Adjusting a Single Limit
Step 1. Press the LIMIT key.
Step 2. Press the Single Limit soft key.
Step 3. Press the Edit soft key.
Step 4. Either enter the value using the numeric keypad or scroll the limit line using the
Up/Down arrow key.
Step 5. Press ENTER to set the location of the limit line.
NOTE: The single limit line can be defined as either an upper limit or a lower
limit in Spectrum Analyzer mode only.
Defining an Upper Limit
An upper limit in Spectrum Analyzer mode is one where the measurement fails if the data
appears above the limit line.
Press the Upper/Lower Limit soft key, if necessary, so that the status window says:
Fail if data is: Above Line.
Defining a Lower Limit
A lower limit in Spectrum Analyzer mode is one where the measurement fails if the data
appears below the limit line.
Press the Upper/Lower Limit soft key, if necessary, so that the status window says:
Fail if data is: Below Line.
Adjusting Segmented Limits
Segmented limit lines are defined separately as five upper limit segments and five lower
limit segments. This allows the definition of a spectral mask.
A limit segment is defined by its end points. That is, starting frequency, starting amplitude,
ending frequency, and ending amplitude. This procedure describes the setting of two upper
limit segments. The steps can be carried over to the other upper limit segments as well as to
the lower limit segments.
Step 1. Press the LIMIT key.
Step 2. Press the Multiple Upper Limits soft key.
Step 3. Press the Segment 1 soft key.
Step 4. Press the Edit soft key. The status window will successively display the value of
the segment endpoints: Start Freq, Start Limit, End Freq, End Limit.
Step 5. Edit each value using the numeric keypad or scroll the limit line using the
Up/Down arrow key and press ENTER to set.
3-17
3-18
Printing
Printing is accomplished by selecting an available printer and pressing the print key as described below. Refer to the particular printer operating manual for specific printer settings.
Printing a Screen
Step 1. Obtain the desired measurement display.
Step 2. Press the SYS key and the System Options soft key.
Step 3. Press the Printer soft key and select from the displayed menu of supported printers.
Step 4. Press the PRINT key.
Step 5. Connect the printer as shown in Figure 3-4.
SERIAL-TO-PARALLEL
INTERFACE CABLE
2000-753
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
HP
DESKJET
PRINTER
ENTER
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
SITE MASTER
Figure 3-4-.
SW2
SW3
SW4
SW5
SW6
SW7
SW8
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
OFF
3-19
Figure 3-5.
3-20
Chapter 4
Cable and Antenna
Analyzer Measurements
Introduction
This chapter provides a description of cable and antenna analyzer measurements, including
line sweeping fundamentals and line sweeping measurement procedures, available when the
Site Master is in frequency or DTF mode.
Figure 4-1.
4-1
CW Mode/RF Immunity
CW mode can be used to maximize sweep speeds of both frequency and DTF measurements. With CW on, sweep times can be twice as fast as with CW off. However, making
measurements with CW on will reduce the instruments immunity to interfering signals. In
a controlled environment, this reduced immunity should not be a problem. In the field
however, there can be stray signals from nearby or co-located transmitters that can affect
frequency and DTF measurements. Turning CW on and off can verify that the Site Master
is reducing the interfering signals. If there is no appreciable difference, then it should be
safe to make measurements with CW on.
4-2
Distance of the Cable Run, to set the distance for DTF measurements
Procedure
Step 1. Press the MODE key.
Step 2. Select Freq-Return Loss using the Up/Down arrow key and press ENTER.
Step 3. Set the start and stop frequencies, automatically by selecting a signal standard or
manually using the F1 and F2 soft keys, as described on page 3-2.
Step 4. Calibrate the Site Master as described on page 3-2.
Step 5. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master. A trace will be displayed on
the screen when the Site Master is in the sweep mode.
Step 6. Press SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-15) name the trace, and press ENTER.
4-3
NOTE: The antenna must be connected at the end of the transmission feed line
when conducting a System Return Loss measurement.
Figure 4-2 is an example of a typical system return loss measurement trace using a FlexCal
calibration:
Figure 4-2.
NOTE: The system sweep trace should appear at an approximate return loss of
15 dB (3 dB) in the status window. Typically, greater than a 15 dB return loss
is measured in the passband of the antenna system.
4-4
Figure 4-3.
4-5
4-6
Figure 4-4.
Marker M1 marks the first connector, the end of the Site Master phase stable Test
Port Extension cable.
Resolution
There are three sets of data points (130, 259 and 517) available in the Site Master. The factory default is 259 data points. By increasing the number of data points the measurement
accuracy and transmission line distance to measure will increase.
(1.5 108)(Vp)
DF
Where Vp is the relative propagation velocity of the cable and DF is the stop frequency minus the start frequency (Hz).
The maximum distance is: Dmax = step size (# of datapoints 1)
Step size =
4-7
Procedure
Step 1. Press the MODE key.
Step 2. Select Freq-Return Loss using the Up/Down arrow key and press ENTER.
Step 3. Connect the Test Port Extension cable to the RF port and calibrate the Site Master as described on page 3-2.
Step 4. Press SAVE SETUP and save the calibration set up (page 3-15).
Step 5. Connect the Device Under Test to the Site Master phase stable Test Port Extension cable.
Step 6. Press the MARKER key.
Step 7. Set markers M1 and M2 to the desired frequencies.
Step 8. Record the lowest return loss over the specified frequency range.
Step 9. Press SAVE DISPLAY (page 3-15) name the trace, and press ENTER.
4-8
Figure 4-5.
Calculate the threshold value and compare the recorded Lowest Return Loss to the calculated threshold value.
Maximum Return Loss =
NOTES:
VSWR is the antenna manufacturers specified VSWR.
Use Handheld Software Tools to convert VSWR to Return Loss, or Return Loss
to VSWR.
If the measured return loss is less than the calculated threshold value, the test fails and the
antenna must be replaced.
4-9
Chapter 5
Spectrum Analyzer
Measurements
Introduction
This chapter provides a description of Spectrum Analyzer measurements and procedures
when the Site Master S332D is in Spectrum Analyzer Mode.
Measurement Fundamentals
Measurement fundamentals include the use of additional spectrum analyzer functions beyond frequency, span, amplitude and marker functions. In particular, this section focuses
on resolution bandwidth, video bandwidth, sweep, and attenuator functions.
Effect of Resolution Bandwidth
Resolution Bandwidth is determined by the intermediate frequency (IF) filter bandwidth.
The spectrum analyzer traces the shape of its IF filter as it tunes past a signal. If more than
one IF filter is used in a spectrum analyzer, the narrowest one dominates and is considered
the resolution bandwidth.
The choice of resolution bandwidth depends on several factors. Filters take time to settle.
That is, when a signal first appears at the input of the filter, it will take a while before the
signal appears at the output. Additionally, the output of the filter will take some time to settle to the correct value, so that it can be measured. The narrower the filter bandwidth (resolution bandwidth) the longer the settling time.
The choice of resolution bandwidth will depend on the signal being measured. If two
closely-spaced signals are to be measured individually, then a narrow bandwidth is required. If a wider bandwidth is used, then the energy of both signals will be included in the
measurement. Thus, the wider bandwidth does not have the ability to look at frequencies selectively but instead simultaneously measures all signals falling within the resolution bandwidth.
Therefore, a broadband measurement would aggregate all signals and noise within the measurement bandwidth into a single measurement. On the other hand a narrow-band measurement will separate the frequency components, resulting in a measurement that includes
separate peaks for each signal. There are advantages to each. The ultimate decision will be
dependent on the type of measurement required by the user.
There is always some amount of noise present in a measurement. Noise is often broadband
in nature; that is, it exists at a broad range of frequencies. If the noise is included in the
measurement, the measured value will be in error (too large) depending on the noise level.
5-1
5-2
Preamplifier
The S332D includes a built-in preamplifier which provides the S332D with an additional 20
dB of sensitivity. The preamplifier is a broadband preamplifier and thus the use of discrete
filters should be considered when using it. Four different bandpass filters have been added
to the list of optional accessories to accommodate this need (see Table 1-1, Optional Accessories). This chapter provides an overview of preamplifier operation. A measurement example is included.
Preamplifier Operation
To turn the preamplifier on or off:
Step 1. Reset the S332D to the factory default settings for the current mode by pressing
the RECALL SETUP key on the data keypad. When the key is pressed, a Recall Setup selection box appears on the display. Select setup location 0 <Default> to recall the factory preset state for the currently selected mode.
Step 2. Press the AMPLITUDE function hard key.
Step 3. Select the Atten/Preamp soft key, then the Preamp Control Manual soft key.
Press the Preamp On/Off soft key to turn the preamplifier on or off. When the
preamplifier is on, the word AMP will be displayed on the left side of the display.
NOTES: The preamplifier is a broadband amplifier. It can become saturated by
a signal outside of the defined frequency span.
The dynamic attenuation feature will automatically activate the preamplifier
when the S332D detects that the input signal level is below a certain level. This
condition could result in the preamplifier being automatically turned back on
even after it has been manually turned off.
When dynamic attenuation is on, Atten=Dynamic appears to the left of the display.
5-3
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. Press the MODE key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum
Analyzer mode. Press the ENTER key to select.
Step 2. Connect the RF output of the signal source to the RF In port of the S332D.
Step 3. Press the Center soft key. Enter the center frequency of the measurement using
the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad. Select the GHz, MHz, kHz, or Hz soft key
to accept the center frequency input.
Step 4. Press the Span soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key or the keypad to enter a
span of 1 MHz.
Step 5. Set the signal source output level to 120 dBm.
Step 6. Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the reference
level to 80 dBm.
Step 7. Press the Scale soft key and set the scale to 10 dB/division.
Step 8. Press the Atten/Preamp soft key and set the attenuation to Auto and press the
Back soft key.
Step 9. Press the MEAS/DISP key, the Trace soft key, and the Detection soft key and
set the detection mode to Positive Peak.
Step 10. Press the Back soft key twice, then the Bandwidth soft key. Select the RBW Manual soft key and set the RBW to 100 Hz.
Step 11. Select the VBW Auto soft key.
Step 12. Press the AMPLITUDE function hard key.
Step 13. Select the Atten/Preamp soft key, then the Preamp Control Manual soft key.
Press the Preamp On/Off soft key to turn the preamplifier on or off.
5-4
Figure 5-1.
Preamplifier Off
Step 14. Turn the preamplifier on. When the preamplifier is ON, the word AMP should
appear in the lower left corner of the display.
The displayed noise level should be lowered by approximately 20 dB on the display, and the signal should appear on top of the displayed noise. The noise level
will drop further if the RBW is reduced.
Figure 5-2 shows the measurement results with the preamplifier on.
Figure 5-2.
Preamplifier On
5-5
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. If necessary, press the MODE key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the
Spectrum Analyzer mode. Press the ENTER key to select.
Step 2. Reset the S332D to the factory default settings for the current mode by pressing
the RECALL SETUP key on the data keypad. When the key is pressed, a Recall Setup selection box appears on the display. Select setup location 0 <Default> to recall the factory preset state for the currently selected mode.
Step 3. Connect the PCS antenna to the input of the band pass filter, and the output of
the band pass filter to the RF In connector of the S332D.
Step 4. Press the FREQ/DIST key.
Step 5. Press the Start soft key and enter 1.93 MHz.
Step 6. Press the Stop soft key and enter 1.935 MHz.
Step 7. Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Scale key. Set the scale to 10 dB/division.
Step 8. Press the Atten/Preamp soft key and set the attenuation to Dynamic.
As the S332D sweeps, it continually monitors the overall input signal level and, as required,
adjusts the input attenuation value and the preamplifier on/off state to achieve the best possible sensitivity.
5-6
5-7
Procedure
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key.
Step 2. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press
ENTER.
Step 3. Select the Signal Standard soft key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select a signal standard, and press ENTER.
Step 4. Select the Select Channel soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key or the numeric keypad to enter a valid channel number. Press ENTER to accept the
value, or ESCAPE to restore the previous value.
The currently selected Center Frequency, Span, Signal Standard, and Channel are displayed
at the bottom of the status window.
5-8
Figure 5-3.
5-9
Occupied Bandwidth
A common measurement performed on radio transmitters is that of occupied bandwidth
(OBW). This measurement calculates the bandwidth containing the total integrated power
occupied in a given signal bandwidth. There are two different methods of calculation depending on the technique to modulate the carrier.
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. Connect the antenna to the Spectrum Analyzer connector.
Step 2. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 3. Press the FREQ/DIST key, select the frequency for the measurement by using
Center and Span soft keys, the Start and Stop soft keys or the Signal Standard
and Select Channel soft keys.
Step 4. Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the appropriate reference level.
Step 5. Select the Atten/Preamp soft key to set the input attenuation level to automatic,
manual or dynamic.
Step 6. Press Preamp On/Off or Preamp Auto to activate the preamplifier manually or
automatically. The default preamplifier mode is auto.
Step 7. Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 8.
Select the Scale soft key to set the scale. Choose a value from 1dB/div to 15
dB/div and press ENTER.
Step 9. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Bandwidth soft key to set the resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth automatically or manually. Press the Back
soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 10. Press the Measure soft key and press the OBW soft key. Select the measurement
method (dB Down or % of Power) by pressing the Method soft key. The currently selected method is shown in the lower left of the status window.
Step 11. Press the dBc or % soft keys to adjust the settings as appropriate.
Step 12. Press the Measure soft key to initiate the measurement.
5-10
Figure 5-4.
Occupied Bandwidth
5-11
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the Signal Standard soft key, select the appropriate network standard, and
press ENTER.
Step 3. Press the Select Channel soft key, enter a value and press ENTER.
Step 4. Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the reference
level.
Step 5. Press the Scale soft key and set the scale to 10 dB/division.
Step 6. Press the Atten/Preamp soft key and set the attenuation to an appropriate attenuation setting using automatic, manual, or dynamic.
Step 7. Press Preamp On/Off or Preamp Auto to activate the preamplifier manually or
automatically. The default preamplifier mode is automatic.
Step 8. Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 9. Press the MEAS/DISP key, select the Bandwidth soft key and set the resolution
bandwidth and the video bandwidth to Auto.
Step 10. Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 11. Press the Trace soft key and the Max Hold soft key to set max hold to ON as indicated to the left of the graph.
Step 12. Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 13. Press the Measure soft key and press the Channel Power soft key.
Step 14. Select the Int BW soft key and enter the integration bandwidth frequency appropriate for the particular application and press ENTER.
Step 15. Press Center Freq and Channel Span to set the signal frequency and span if the
signal standard and channel are not selected as in steps 2 and 3.
Step 16. Make the measurement by pressing the Measure soft key. The detection method
is automatically changed to RMS. The Site Master will display the measurement
results.
5-12
Figure 5-5.
When the channel power measurement is on, a CH PWR icon appears to the left of the
graph. Channel power is calculated at the end of a sweep. An hourglass is displayed as the
calculations are performed.
NOTE: The channel span must be set equal to or larger than the integration
bandwidth. If not, the Site Master will set the channel span equal to the integration bandwidth. When the integration bandwidth and channel span are set to
the same value, the Site Master uses all the sampling points for integration,
providing the most accurate measurements. The ratio of the integration bandwidth to channel span is kept constant. When the integration bandwidth is
changed, the ratio remains the same. The ratio can be changed by changing
the channel span. For example, when the integration bandwidth is doubled, the
Site Master will double the channel span. Integration Bandwidth must be at
least one tenth of the channel span.
5-13
Channel Spacing
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the Signal Standard soft key, select the appropriate network standard, and
press ENTER.
Step 3. Press the Select Channel soft key, enter a value and press ENTER.
NOTE: For ACPR measurements, when the appropriate Channel is selected,
the Main channel bandwidth, Adjacent channel bandwidth and channel spacing
are automatically set.
Step 4. Press the AMPLITUDE key and select the Ref Level soft key to set the reference
level to an appropriate value.
Step 5. Press the Atten/Preamp soft key and set the attenuation to Auto.
Step 6. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Bandwidth soft key to set the resolution bandwidth and the video bandwidth to Auto.
Step 7. Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 8. Press the Trace soft key and the Max Hold soft key to set max hold to On as indicated to the left of the graph.
Step 9. Press the Measure soft key and press the ACPR soft key.
Step 10. Make the measurement by pressing the Measure soft key. The detection method
is automatically changed to RMS Average. Solid vertical lines are drawn on the
display to indicate the main channel. Dashed vertical lines define the adjacent
channels. The Site Master will display the measurement results.
5-14
Figure 5-6.
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio is a continuous measurement. Once it is turned on, it will remain on until it is turned off by pressing the Measure key again. When the ACPR measurement is on, an ACPR icon appears to the left of the graph. ACPR is calculated at the end of
a sweep. An hourglass is displayed as the calculations are performed.
5-15
Interference Analysis
Multiple wireless networks often operate in complicated signal environments. Three or four
base station antennas may be located on the same tower, and can create interference problems. Interference is one of the most common problems affecting wireless network systems
capacity and coverage. The Site Master captures and analyzes a received signal and displays the air interface standard and estimated bandwidth of the received signal, which is
critical in recognizing and analyzing the interfering signals.
Procedure
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Spectrum Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Measure soft key.
Step 3. Press the More soft key and the Int. Analysis soft key.
Step 4. Press the Set IA Freq soft key, enter the appropriate frequency to analyze the interfering signal, and press ENTER. Alternatively, press the IA Frequency as
Marker M1 soft key when marker M1 is on to set the IA frequency to the current
M1 frequency.
Step 5. Press the Measure soft key to start the measurement. A message box on the
screen states that the analysis is in process, then, when the measurement is complete, displays the Cell Standard and estimated bandwidth of the interfering signal.
Figure 5-7.
Interference Analysis
5-16
AM/FM Demodulation
The Spectrum Master built-in demodulator for AM, narrowband FM, wideband FM and
single sideband (selectable USB and LSB) allows a technician to hear an interfering signal
for easy identification. The demodulated signal can be heard using either the built-in
speaker, or through a monaural headset connected to the 1/8-inch jack on the test panel.
Demodulation Procedure
Step 1. Press the MEAS key followed by the More soft key and the AM/FM Demod soft
key.
Step 2. Press the Demod Type soft key and select AM, FM Wide Band, FM Narrow Band,
SSB Lower, or SSB Upper to match the modulation format of the signal.
Figure 5-8.
5-17
Figure 5-9.
SSB Demodulation
Step 5. Press the On/Off soft key to enable the measurement. AM/FM will appear to the
left of the graph.
Figure 5-10.
AM Demodulation
Step 6. Use the Volume soft key and the Up/Down arrow key to change the audio volume from 0% to 100%. For most headsets a volume of 40% is adequate.
Step 7. The Demod Time soft key sets the time the Spectrum Master will demodulate
the signal. Enter a value from 100 ms to 500 seconds.
5-18
The primary application for this type of measurement is determining the magnitude of interference problems for 802.11b, 802.11g and 802.11a access points (hot spots).
Procedure
Step 1. If necessary, press the MODE key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the
Spectrum Analyzer mode. Press the ENTER key to select.
Step 2. Press the Signal Standard soft key. Select the appropriate signal standard based
on the signal to be measured and press ENTER.
Step 3. Press the Select Channel soft key, select the operating channel of the access
point being measured and press ENTER.
Figure 5-11.
5-19
Figure 5-12.
Step 5. Press the Signal Type soft key and select the correct carrier signal type from the
three choices, Narrow Band FHSS, Wide Band FHSS, or Broadband.
Figure 5-13.
Step 6. Press the Back soft key to return to the previous menu.
Step 7. Unless a Signal Standard and Channel have already been selected, press the
Center soft key and enter the desired frequency.
Step 8. If needed, press the Span soft key and set an appropriate span width for the signal to be measured.
Step 9. If the signal environment includes slow frequency hopping signals, such as cordless telephones, press the Min Sweep Time soft key to set a sweep time of one
second or more to give a good chance of capturing instances of the interfering
signal.
5-20
Figure 5-14.
5-21
Chapter 6
Internal Power Meter Mode
Introduction
The Site Master S33xD can make power measurements based on the spectrum analyzer
measurements, and can display the measured power in dBm or Watts.
Power Measurement
Required Equipment
The following equipment is required to make a power measurement with the Site Master.
q
Procedure
The following procedure details making a power measurement with the Site Master.
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
Step 2. Press the MODE key.
Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Power Meter (Internal) mode and press
ENTER.
Step 4. Press Span to activate a menu of span related choices:
Edit Allows editing of the span to enter specific frequency.
Full Sets the power meter to its maximum frequency span.
Min Sets the power meter span to minimum.
Span Up 1-2-5 Activates the span function so that the span may be
increased quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
Span Down 1-2-5 Activates the span function so that the span may be
reduced quickly in a 1-2-5 sequence.
Back Returns to the previous menu level.
Step 5. Press the Center soft key to set the power meter to the desired center frequency.
A center frequency from 4.5 MHz to 2998.5 MHz can be entered.
or
Press the Signal Standard and Select Standard soft keys and choose the appropriate signal standard for the network, and press the Select Channel soft key and
choose the appropriate channel for the selected standard.
Step 6. Press the MEAS/DISP key to activate the RMS Averaging menu. The RMS average is calculated by taking the log of the average power, and the power is calculated from voltage. The number of points to average can be set to low,
medium or high.
6-1
Offset Calibration
One of the main contributors to measurement error when measuring the power coming out
of a base station is to assume that the combined loss of the phase stable cable and the attenuator connected to the output of the instrument is exactly the same as the specified value
of the attenuator. An offset calibration can be used to measure the loss of the attenuator and
cable using a scalar measurement.
The instrument measures the loss of the phase stable cable and the attenuator and uses this
value to subtract the loss for the selected frequency range. The original characterization is
done over the entire frequency range, so there is no need to perform additional calibrations
when the frequency range is changed. The calibration automatically disappears when the instrument is rebooted. It is possible to recall the last calibration and it is also possible to apply this offset cal feature to other modes as well (SPA, Interference Analyzer, Channel
Scanner).
Required Equipment
30 dB, 50W, bi-directional, DC18 GHz, N(m) N(f), Attenuator, Anritsu 42N50A-30
Procedure
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
Step 2. Press the MODE key.
Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Power Meter mode and press ENTER.
Step 4. Press the START CAL (3) key.
Step 5. Connect the 10 dB Attenuator to the RF Out connector.
Step 6. Connect the 18" (46cm) Test Port Extension Cable to the RF In connector and
the 10 dB Attenuator.
18" Cable
3-806-151
10 dB Attenuator
3-1010-119
RF In
RF Out
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 6-1.
6-2
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
MEAS/DISP
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
18" Cable
3-806-151
10 dB Attenuator
3-1010-119
RF In
RF Out
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 6-2.
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
Measuring Insertion Loss of the Test Port Extension Cable and 30 dB Attenuator
6-3
Figure 6-3.
6-4
Chapter 7
Power Monitor Mode
Introduction
The Site Master with Option 5 installed can be used for making power measurements with
broadband RF detectors, such as the 10 MHz to 20 GHz Anritsu 560-7N50B. See the table
of available RF detectors on page 1-3. The power monitor displays the measured power results in dBm or Watts.
Power Measurement
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
Step 2. Press the MODE key.
Step 3. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select the Power Monitor mode and press
ENTER.
Zeroing the Power Monitor
Step 4. With no power applied to the DUT, press the ZERO soft key from the Power
menu. Wait for a few seconds while the Site Master accumulates data samples of
the quiescent power. When complete, ZERO ADJ: On is displayed in the message area.
Measuring High Input Power Levels
Step 5. Insert an attenuator between the DUT and the RF detector to protect the Site
Master so that the input power level is less than or equal to 20 dBm.
Step 6. Press the OFFSET soft key.
Step 7. Enter the attenuation in dB using the keypad. Press the ENTER key to complete
the entry. The message area will show REL: ON along with the entered value in
dB.
Displaying Power in dBm and Watts
Step 8. Press the UNITS soft key to display power in Watts.
7-1
7-2
Chapter 8
High Accuracy Power Meter
Introduction
The S33XD Site Master with Option 19 and sensor PSN50 can be used to make High Accuracy Power Measurements from 50 MHz to 6 GHz. This high performance sensor provides
true RMS measurements from 30 to +20 dBm providing accurate measurements for both
CW and complex digitally modulated signals.
The display shows the power values in both dBm and Watts. The Relative Power feature
displays power changes with respect to a reference value in both dB and %.
Figure 8-1.
Limits can be used to determine if a measurement is within specified limits, and running averaging is available along with Max/Hold and Run/Hold.
The Option 19 High Accuracy Power Meter connects to the PSN50 High Accuracy Power
Sensor using an RS232 cable (Anritsu part number 800-441). A 9-18 VDC (<100 mA)
power supply is needed to power the sensor. Anritsu power supply (40-168), supplied with
the Site Master, is recommended.
The zero feature improves accuracy between 20 and 30 dBm by removing measured system noise. Cal Factors correct both efficiency and mismatch loss. The frequency information must be entered to obtain the correct calibration factor.
When necessary, attenuators should be used to ensure that the power does not exceed the
specified measurement range. The Offset dB feature can be used to enter the value of any
cables and attenuators. It is possible to measure the loss of a cable or attenuator, up to 3
GHz, using Option 21 (Transmission Measurement) or the Offset Cal Kit, 65701 (S331D
with Option 29 and S332D). See page 6-2 for more details on Offset Calibration.
8-1
Power Measurement
Required Equipment
q
DUT
DC SUPPLY
PSN50 SENSOR
RF
OUT
ATTENUATOR
MT8212A
CellMaster
1
AUTO
SCALE
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
START
CAL
SAVE
SETUP
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
S332D
Figure 8-2.
Procedure
Step 1. Connect the RS232 serial cable between the PSN50 High Accuracy Power Sensor and the Site Master serial port.
Step 2. Connect the DC power supply to the DC input of the PSN50 sensor.
Step 3. Press the ON/OFF key on the Site Master.
Step 4. Press the MODE key.
Step 5. Use the Up/Down arrow key to select High Accuracy Power Meter mode and
press ENTER.
Zero and Cal
Step 6. Press the FREQ/DIST key.
Step 7. To enter the frequency manually using the number keys, select the Center soft
key. To select a known signal standard, press the Signal Standard soft key and
use the Up/Down arrow key to select the desired standard. The Cal Factors will
be derived for the corresponding center frequency.
8-2
8-3
8-4
Chapter 9
T1 Measurements
Introduction
This chapter provides a brief description of a T1 circuit and T1 measurements, and also explains how to setup and measure T1 performance using the Anritsu Site Master S331D with
Option 50 installed.
T1 Fundamentals
Wireless service providers use wired T1 circuits as the backhaul links to connect a Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC). The quality of the service
provided over those T1 lines has a direct effect on the quality of service experienced by the
wireless service provider customers. Call setup failures, dropped calls, data errors and noise
can often be attributed to the T1 backhaul facilities. An example of a typical wireless network backhaul T1 link is shown in the Figure 9-1.
BTS
T1
BA
CK
HA
UL
T1 BACKHAUL
BTS
BTS
UL
HA
CK
A
B
T1
MSC
BTS
Figure 9-1.
UL
HA
CK
A
B
T1
T1
BA
CK
HA
UL
BTS
In the United States, wireless service providers generally lease T1 lines from a Local Exchange Carrier (LEC), so it often requires a joint effort to analyze and troubleshoot a T1
line.
T1 is an American National Standard Institute (ANSI) standard, used mostly in North
America, parts of Japan and some Asian countries. Technically, a T1 line is a digital transmission facility consisting of wire pairs and regenerators, or optical media, carrying a DS1
signal. T1 refers to the physical properties of the line, for example, 1.544 MHz with a specific pulse shape, etc. DS1 refers to the digital signal carrying the information at a rate of
1.544 Mb/s. The DS1 signal may be formatted using various framing patterns, most commonly (but not always) divided into 24 channels each carrying encoded voice or data.
9-1
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
since the beginning of the test. Unavailable time begins at the onset of 10 consecutive severely errored seconds, and ends after 10 consecutive non-severely errored seconds. The
onset of unavailable seconds cause the SES count to be adjusted downward by 10. When
unavailable time ends, the UAS count is adjusted downward by 10.
Network Equipment
One possible network topology is shown in Figure 9-2.
MSC
BTS
Figure 9-2.
The circuit between the MSC and BTS passes through the LEC central office, and in fact
may pass through multiple central offices. Within each office, it will in turn pass through
multiple pieces of transmission equipment. The Network Interface Unit (NIU) at the MSC
and the BTS may be a very simple device having only a remote loop back capability, or it
may provide very sophisticated performance monitoring capabilities. Its capabilities may or
may not be accessible to the wireless service provider technician. Some repeaters may exist
in the circuit when the signal is traveling long distances. Repeaters are full duplex devices
that regenerate or restore the pulse shape and amplitude.
9-2
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
Another possible configuration between BTS and MSC is shown in Figure 9-3.
T1 BACKHAUL CIRCUIT
MSC
N
I
U
REPEATER
REPEATER
LEC
N
I
U
BTS
Figure 9-3.
This configuration uses a High-speed Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) in the T1 circuit,
which enables full duplex T1 service over a single pair of wires without repeaters. In most
cases the wireless service provider technician may not be concerned with the repeaters or
HDSL.
9-3
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
Testing T1 Circuits
T1 circuit testing can be done with either of two methods: In service and Out of service
testing.
In service testing is done during routine maintenance and troubleshooting phase. This can
be done on live data without removing the T1 circuit from service or done on live data.
Monitoring live data allows wireless service provider technicians to detect alarms, bipolar
violations (BPV) and frame errors but bit errors cannot be measured. However they may be
estimated by measuring CRC errors or frame errors.
Out of Service testing is done when T1 is initially installed and before final acceptance
from the LEC. At that time the circuit should be subjected to critical testing to guarantee the
level of service per contract. Out of service testing may also be performed when the circuit
performance is very poor. For Out of service testing T1 should be removed from service
which allows detailed performance testing of the T1 circuit.
In Service Testing
In service testing can only be done when the equipment has a test port. When testing a T1
circuit in service it is always better to perform a bridged or monitoring test, to avoid disrupting service. Even when the T1 circuit is down these tests will help to verify and identify
the correct fault circuit. The following measurements can be used to check the T1 performance during regular maintenance:
q
Vpp Measurement
Carrier
Frame Sync
Required Equipment
q
9-4
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
BERT Measurement Setup
Step 1. Press the MODE key, select T1 Tester, and press ENTER.
Step 2. Select the Setup soft key.
Step 3. Press the Framing Mode soft key and choose the Auto, D4 SF or ESF framing
type. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
NOTE: The Site Master will attempt auto-framing in two situations only:
1. When the unit is initially set for auto-detect, and
2. When a new measurement is started and loss of frame or pattern sync is detected. The Site Master will not attempt to auto detect in mid-measurement.
Step 4. Press the Receive Input soft key and select Bridged mode. Press Back to return to
the previous menu.
Step 5. Press the Line Coding soft key and select B8ZS or AMI coding. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Step 6. Select the More soft key to access more menu selections.
Step 7. Press the Clock Source soft key and select External to synchronize to the transmitting equipment. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Step 8. Press the ANSI CRC/Japan CRC soft key and choose the appropriate CRC error
scheme soft key. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Figure 9-4 illustrates some of the key information of the T1 setup measurement display.
Figure 9-4.
9-5
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
BERT Measurement
Step 1. Press the MEAS/DISP key and then the BERT soft key.
Step 2. Press the Measure Duration soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the duration of the measurement, and press ENTER. Figure 7-5 shows the T1
measurement display.
Figure 9-5.
Step 3. To display the measurement data in a histogram format, press the Display Raw
Data/Histogram soft key.
Step 4. Press the Measure Duration soft key to set the duration of the measurement, and
press ENTER. The maximum measurement duration is two days.
Step 5. Press the Time Scale soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the histogram resolution, and press ENTER. The maximum time scale is 60 minutes.
NOTE: The unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data
based on the selected time scale. For example, if the time scale is set to 30
minutes, the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 minutes. When the time scale is set to Auto, the unit automatically sets the histogram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration.
Step 6. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement.
Step 7. Press the SYS key, then the Application Options and Log Data soft keys to save
the data. A message window will display if there is insufficient memory to log
the complete duration. Adjust the Measurement Duration and Time Scale as necessary to log the data.
NOTE: The RUN/HOLD key can also be used to start or stop the measurement.
9-6
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
Figure 7-6 displays the T1 measurement data in Histogram mode.
Figure 9-6.
Out-Of-Service Testing
Out-of-service measurements are performed when the T1 circuit is not in service or inactive. Typically these tests are done during initial installation, during circuit acceptance by
the wireless service provider or when the results of the in-service measurements indicate errors. These measurements provide detailed information on the T1 circuit.
There are two methods of performing out-of-service testing: end-to-end and loopback testing. End-to-end testing requires a technician and a unit at each end of the circuit. Loopback
testing requires a loopback at one end of the circuit and a unit and technician at the other
end to measure the round trip of the T1 performance.
The ANSI T1 standard defines in-band and out-of-band loop codes. In-band codes are
transmitted in place of payload data and are repeated continuously for a period of five seconds. They can be used either with D4 SF or ESF. Out-of-band loop codes can only be used
with the ESF framing format as an out of band communication link does not exist for D4
SF.
The following measurements can be used to check T1 performance during out of service
testing:
q
Vpp
Carrier
Insert Errors/Alarms
Frame Sync
Pattern Sync
Required Equipment
q
9-7
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
Vpp Measurement Procedure
Step 1. Press the MODE key, select T1 Tester, and press ENTER.
Step 2. Select the Vp-p soft key.
Step 3. Press the Terminate/Bridged soft key and select Terminate mode.
Step 4. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to start or stop the peak to peak voltage
measurement.
NOTE: The Vpp measurement can be displayed in dBdsx format by pressing
the Vpp/dBdsx soft key.
BERT Setup Procedure
Step 1. Press the MODE key, select T1 Tester, and press ENTER.
Step 2. Select the Setup soft key.
Step 3. Press the Framing Mode soft key and choose the Auto, D4 SF or ESF framing
type. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
NOTE: The Site Master will attempt auto-framing in two situations only:
1. When the unit is initially set for auto-detect, and
2. When a new measurement is started and loss of frame or pattern sync is detected. The Site Master will not attempt to auto detect in mid-measurement.
Step 4. Press the Receive Input soft key and select Terminate. Press Back to return to
the previous menu.
Step 5. Press the Pattern soft key and select Auto, or the appropriate pattern for this test,
and press ENTER.
Step 6. Press the Line Coding soft key and select either the B8ZS or AMI soft key, as appropriate. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Step 7. Press the Transmit Level soft key and select either the 0 dB, 7.5 dB or 15 dB
transmitter signal level soft key as appropriate for this measurement. Press Back
to return to the previous menu.
Step 8. Select the More soft key to access more menu selections.
Step 9. Press the Clock Source soft key and select External for an external clock source
or Internal to use the internal clock. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Step 10. Press the Setup Error Insert soft key and set the appropriate error or alarm type
by selecting the Bit, BPV, Framing Bits, RAI or AIS soft key. Press Back to return
to the previous menu.
Step 11. Press the Loop Code soft key and select the appropriate loop code by selecting
the CSU, NIU, User defined or In-Band/Data Link soft key. Press Back to return
to the previous menu.
Step 12. Press the ANSI CRC/Japan CRC soft key and choose the appropriate CRC error
scheme soft key. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
9-8
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
Figure 9-7 illustrates some of the key information of the T1 measurement setup.
Figure 9-7.
T1 Out-of-Service Measurement
9-9
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
BERT Measurement Procedure
Step 1. Press the MEAS/DISP key and then the BERT soft key.
Step 2. Press the Measure Duration soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the duration of the measurement, and press ENTER. Figure 7-8 displays the T1
measurement in raw data mode.
Figure 9-8.
Step 3. To display the measurement data in a histogram format, press the Display Raw
Data/Histogram soft key.
Step 4. Press the Measure Duration soft key to set the duration of the measurement, and
press ENTER. The maximum measurement duration is two days.
Step 5. Press the Time Scale soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the histogram resolution, and press ENTER. The maximum time scale is 60 minutes.
NOTE: The unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data
based on the selected time scale. For example, if the time scale is set to 30
minutes, the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 minutes. When the time scale is set to Auto, the unit automatically sets the histogram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration.
Step 6. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement.
Step 7. Press the SYS key, then the Application Options and Log Data soft keys to save
the data. A message window will display if there is insufficient memory to log
the complete duration. Adjust the Measurement Duration and Time Scale as necessary to log the data.
Step 8. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement.
NOTE: The RUN/HOLD key can also be used to start or stop the measurement.
9-10
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
Inserting Errors
Step 9. To insert a setup error, press the Insert Errors soft key to inject errors in the
transmit signal. Figure 7-9 displays the T1 measurement when errors are inserted. The errors are displayed on the right side at the bottom of the display.
Figure 9-9.
9-11
Chapter 9 T1 Measurements
DS0 Testing
The DS0 test feature enables testing on each of the 24 channels of the T1 line. The receive
channel is decoded and the VF level and frequency are measured and displayed. The signal
is also connected to a speaker, enabling the tester to make an audible assessment of the signal quality of the circuit. If the circuit is out of service, the tester can insert a test tone on
the transmit channel for measurement at a remote location with another test set, or locally
with a loopback.
Configuration
Before conducting channel tests, the T1 interface must be properly configured. From the
Setup menu, select the correct Framing Mode, Line Coding and Clock Source. If the testing
is in-service, the Receive Input must be configured for either Bridged or Monitor modes. The
receive mode should be set up before connecting to the circuit to avoid creating a "hit" on
the customer data. If the testing is in-service, the Site Master transmit pair should not be
connected to the circuit.
If the measurement is out-of-service, the Receive Input mode should be Terminate, and the
Site Master transmitter can be connected to the circuit. The current configuration of the T1
interface is displayed in the status window at the bottom of the screen.
Channel Tests
Once the unit is correctly configured, press the VF Channel Access soft key and select the
DS0 menu to perform tests at the channel level. Press the Select Channel soft key to select
specific channels. Either enter a specific channel number from the keypad, or scroll through
the channels with the Up/Down arrow keys. The received VF level and frequency on the selected channel are displayed, and the decoded signal is connected to a speaker for audio
monitoring. When a test tone is present on the channel, the level and frequency report will
indicate whether the channel is healthy. If speech is present on the channel, the channel performance can be judged from the audio quality. A picture of channel utilization can also be
formed by quickly scrolling through the channels.
If the circuit is out-of-service, the user can also connect to the transmit pair and insert a test
tone on the selected channel (note that transmit and receive must be on the same channel).
Two menus enable selection of transmit level and frequency. The frequency can be entered
from the keypad, or scrolled to common test frequencies (404 Hz, 1004 Hz, 1804 Hz, 2713
Hz, and 2804 Hz) with the Up/Down arrow keys. To check the performance of channel
level equipment, the test tone can be measured at a remote location with another VF channel test set, or locally with a loopback. To establish a loopback, use the loopback menus in
the BERT test suite.
9-12
Chapter 10
E1 Measurements
Introduction
This chapter provides a brief description of an E1 circuit and E1 measurements, and also
explains how to setup and measure E1 performance using the Anritsu Site Master S331D
with Option 50 installed.
E1 Fundamentals
Wireless service providers use wired E1 circuits as the backhaul links to connect a Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) to a Mobile Switching Center (MSC). The quality of the service
provided over those E1 lines has a direct effect on the quality of service experienced by the
wireless service provider customers. Call setup failures, dropped calls, data errors and noise
can often be attributed to the E1 backhaul facilities. An example of a typical wireless network backhaul E1 link is shown in theFigure 10-1.
BTS
BTS
E1
BA
CK
HA
E1 BACKHAUL
BTS
UL
E1
C
BA
KH
AU
MSC
BTS
Figure 10-1.
A
1B
CK
HA
UL
E1
BA
CK
HA
UL
BTS
E1 is an International Telecommunication Union, Telecommunication Standardization Sector standard for E1 and is widely used in Europe and Asian countries. E1 is a digital signal
carrying the information at a rate of 2 Mbps, with each 2 Mbps frame containing 256 bits in
32 time slots. Each slot has 8 bits at a repetition rate of exactly 8 kHz. The first time slot is
reserved for framing, error checking and alarm signals.
ITU-T G.704 specifies a CRC-4 cyclic redundancy check for E1 performance. CRC-4 framing provides monitoring for a Bit Error Rate (BER) during normal operation. When the
equipment detects an incoming CRC-4 error, it transmits an E-bit error which is received by
the measuring equipment. Counting E-bit changes is equivalent to counting CRC errors,
which provides BER information for the data.
10-1
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
since the beginning of the test. Unavailable time begins at the onset of 10 consecutive severely errored seconds, and ends after 10 consecutive non-severely errored seconds. The
onset of unavailable seconds cause the SES count to be adjusted downward by 10. When
unavailable time ends, the UAS count is adjusted downward by 10.
Network Equipment
One possible network topology is shown in Figure 10-2.
MSC
E1 BACKHAUL
BTS
Figure 10-2.
The circuit between the MSC and BTS passes through the central office, or through multiple central offices. Within each office it may in turn pass through multiple pieces of transmission equipment. An interface unit is located at the MSC and the BTS. The interface unit
may be a very simple device having only a remote loop back capability, or it may provide
very sophisticated performance monitoring capabilities. Its capabilities may or may not be
accessible to the wireless service provider technician.
10-2
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Testing E1 Circuits
E1 circuit testing can be done with either of two methods: In Service and Out of Service
testing.
In Service testing is done during a routine maintenance and troubleshooting phase. This can
be accomplished without removing the E1 circuit from service on live data. Monitoring live
data allows the wireless service provider technician to detect alarms, bipolar violations
(BPV) and frame errors, but bit errors cannot be measured. However, bit errors may be estimated by measuring CRC errors and E-bit errors.
Out of Service testing is done when the E1 is initially installed and before final acceptance
from the service provider. At that time the circuit should be subjected to critical testing to
guarantee the level of service per contract. Out of service testing may also be performed
when the circuit performance is very poor. For Out of service testing, the E1 circuit should
be removed from service to allow detailed performance testing.
In Service Testing
The Bridged mode must be used when testing a E1 circuit in service to avoid disrupting service. Even when the E1 circuit is down, these tests will help to verify and identify the correct fault circuit. E-bits and CRC are very useful for in service testing to monitor E1
performance. When the equipment detects an incoming CRC-4 error, it will transmit an
E-bit error toward the equipment at other end which will be seen by the test unit. E-bits determine the trouble location of the circuit. Without E-bits, the entire circuit will be determined as failure by loss of signal or alarm indication, so E-bits are critical to analyze the
performance of the circuit and point to the trouble locations.
The following measurements are used to check the E1 performance during regular maintenance:
q
Vpp measurement
Carrier
Frame Sync
Required Equipment
q
10-3
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
NOTE: The Vpp measurement can be displayed in dBdsx format by pressing
the Vpp/dBdsx soft key.
Step 5. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to start or stop the peak to peak voltage
measurement.
BERT Measurement Setup
Step1. Press the MODE key, select E1 Tester, and press ENTER.
Step2. Select the Setup soft key.
Step3. Press the Framing Mode soft key and choose Auto, PCM30, PCM30CRC, PCM31
or PCM31CRC framing type. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
NOTE: The Site Master will attempt auto-framing in two situations only:
1. When the unit is initially set for auto-detect, and
2. When a new measurement is started and loss of frame or pattern sync is detected. The Site Master will not attempt to auto detect in mid-measurement.
Step4. Press the Receive Input soft key and select Bridged mode. Press Back to return
to the previous menu.
Step5. Press the Line Coding soft key and select HDB3 or AMI coding. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Step6. Select the More soft key to access more menu selections.
Step7. Press the Clock Source soft key and select External clock. Press Back to return
to the previous menu.
Step8. Press the Impedance soft key and choose 75W or 120W. Press Back to return to
the previous menu.
10-4
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Figure 10-3 illustrates some of the key information of the E1 setup measurement display.
Figure 10-3.
10-5
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
BERT Measurement
Step 1. Press the MEAS/DISP key and then the BERT soft key.
Step 2. Press the Measure Duration soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the duration of the measurement, and press ENTER. Figure 9-4 displays the E1
measurement display in raw data mode.
Figure 10-4.
Step 3. To display the measurement data in a histogram format, press the Display Raw
Data/Histogram soft key.
Step 4. Press the Measure Duration soft key to set the duration of the measurement, and
press ENTER. The maximum measurement duration is two days.
Step 5. Press the Time Scale soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the histogram resolution, and press ENTER. The maximum time scale is 60 minutes.
NOTE: The unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data
based on the selected time scale. For example, if the time scale is set to 30
minutes, the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 minutes. When the time scale is set to Auto, the unit automatically sets the histogram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration.
Step 6. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement.
Step 7. Press the SYS key, then the Application Options and Log Data soft keys to save
the data. A message window will display if there is insufficient memory to log
the complete duration. Adjust the Measurement Duration and Time Scale as necessary to log the data.
10-6
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Figure 8-5 shows the E1 measurement display in histogram mode.
Figure 10-5.
10-7
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Out-Of-Service Testing
Out-of-service measurements are performed when the E1 circuit is not in service or inactive. Typically these tests are done during initial installation, during circuit acceptance by
the wireless service provider or when the performance of the in service measurements indicates extensive errors. These measurements provide detailed information about the E1 circuit.
Out-of-service testing is performed using end-to-end testing, which requires a technician
and a unit at each end of the circuit.
The following measurements are used to check the E1 performance during out of service
testing:
q
Vpp
Carrier
CRC Errors
Frame Sync
Pattern Sync
E-Bits
Insert Errors/Alarms
Required Equipment
q
Procedure
Step 1. Press the MODE key, select E1 Tester, and press ENTER.
Step 2. Select the BERT soft key.
Step 3. Press the Framing Mode soft key and choose Auto, PCM30, PCM30CRC, PCM31
or PCM31CRC framing type. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
Step 4. Press the Receive Input soft key and select Terminate. Press Back to return to
the previous menu.
Step 5. Press the Pattern soft key and select Auto, or use the Up/Down arrow key to select the appropriate pattern for the test.
NOTE: The Site Master will attempt auto-framing in two situations only:
1. When the unit is initially set for auto-detect, and
2. When a new measurement is started and loss of frame or pattern sync is detected. The Site Master will not attempt to auto detect in mid-measurement.
Step 6. Press the Line Coding soft key and select HDB3 or AMI coding. Press Back to return to the previous menu.
10-8
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Step 7. Press the Impedance soft key and choose 75W or 120W. Press Back to return to
the previous menu.
Step 8. Select the More soft key to access more menu selections.
Step 9. Press the Clock Source soft key and select External clock. Press Back to return
to the previous menu.
Step 10. Press the Setup Error Insert soft key and select Bit, BPV, Framing Bits, RAI or
AIS as appropriate for the measurement.
Figure 10-7 illustrates some of the key information of the E1 measurement Setup.
Figure 10-7.
BERT Measurement
Step 1. Press the MEAS/DISP key and then the BERT soft key.
Step 2. Press the Measure Duration soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the duration of the measurement, and press ENTER. Figure 9-7 illustrates an E1
measurement in raw data mode.
Figure 10-6.
E1 Measurement Display
NOTE: The RUN/HOLD key can also be used to start or stop the measurement.
10-9
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Step 3. To display the measurement data in a histogram format, press the Display Raw
Data/Histogram soft key.
Step 4. Press the Measure Duration soft key to set the duration of the measurement, and
press ENTER. The maximum measurement duration is two days.
Step 5. Press the Time Scale soft key and use the Up/Down arrow key to select the histogram resolution, and press ENTER. The maximum time scale is 60 minutes.
NOTE: The unit sets the histogram display and collects and displays the data
based on the selected time scale. For example, if the time scale is set to 30
minutes, the unit collects and updates the histogram display data every 30 minutes. When the time scale is set to Auto, the unit automatically sets the histogram display to collect the data based on the selected measurement duration.
Step 6. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement.
Step 7. Press the SYS key, then the Application Options and Log Data soft keys to save
the data. A message window will display if there is insufficient memory to log
the complete duration. Adjust the Measurement Duration and Time Scale as necessary to log the data.
Step 8. Press the Start/Stop Measure soft key to begin the measurement.
NOTE: The RUN/HOLD key can also be used to start or stop the measurement.
To Insert Setup Errors
Press the Insert Errors soft key to inject errors in the transmit signal while performing the is
E1 measurements. Figure 10-8 illustrates the E1 measurement when the errors are inserted
and it is displayed on the right side at the bottom of the display.
Figure 10-8.
10-10
Chapter 10 E1 Measurements
Configuration
Before conducting channel tests, the E1 interface must be properly configured. From the
Setup menu, select the correct Framing Mode, Line Coding and Clock Source. If the testing
is in-service, the Receive Input must be configured for either Bridged or Monitor modes. The
receive mode should be set up before connecting to the circuit to avoid creating a "hit" on
the customer data. If the testing is in-service, the Site Master transmit pair should not be
connected to the circuit.
If the measurement is out-of-service, the Receive Input mode should be Terminate, and the
Site Master transmitter can be connected to the circuit. The current configuration of the E1
interface is displayed in the status window at the bottom of the screen.
Channel Tests
Once the unit is correctly configured, select the VF Channel Access menu to perform tests
at the channel level. Press the Select Channel soft key to select specific channels. Either enter a specific channel number from the keypad, or scroll through the channels with the
Up/Down arrow keys. The received VF level and frequency on the selected channel are displayed, and the decoded signal is connected to a speaker for audio monitoring. When a test
tone is present on the channel, the level and frequency report will indicate whether the
channel is healthy. If speech is present on the channel, the channel performance can be
judged from the audio quality. A picture of channel utilization can also be formed by
quickly scrolling through the channels.
If the circuit is out-of-service, the user can also connect to the transmit pair and insert a test
tone on the selected channel (note that transmit and receive must be on the same channel).
Two menus enable selection of transmit level and frequency. The frequency can be entered
from the keypad, or scrolled to common test frequencies (404 Hz, 1004 Hz, 1804 Hz, 2713
Hz, and 2804 Hz) with the Up/Down arrow keys. To check the performance of channel
level equipment, the test tone can be measured at a remote location with another VF channel test set.
10-11
Chapter 11
Transmission Measurement
Introduction
The Transmission Measurement option (Option 21) provides the capability to perform
two-port measurements of passive devices over the 25 MHz to 3 GHz frequency range.
Transmission Measurement can also be used to make antenna isolation measurements and
repeater measurements. The signal source provided by Option 21 is unleveled, with a power
output of approximately 10 dBm. Figure 11-1 shows the typical signal level of the Option
21 signal source.
Figure 11-1.
NOTE: Ripple can be reduced by including a 6 dB attenuator in the transmission path during both calibration and measurement.
Calibration
Step 1. Press the MODE key, select Transmission Measurement, and press ENTER.
Step 2. Use the Start and Stop soft keys to select the desired frequency.
Step 3. Press the MEAS/DISP key, and then the Calibrate TM soft key to calibrate the
S33xD.
11-1
Figure 11-2.
11-2
DUPLEXER
S312D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 11-3.
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
Figure 11-4.
Transmission Measurement
11-3
Procedure
Step 1. Press the SYS key, then the Application Options soft key.
Step 2. Select the Bias Tee soft key.
Step 3. Select the Bias Tee Voltage soft key and use the number keys or the Up/Down
arrow keys to set the bias tee voltage between 12 and 24 Vdc, in 1V increments.
Step 4. Select the Bias Tee On/Off soft key to turn the bias voltage on. The state of the
bias tee will be saved with the runtime setup.
Step 5. Press the Bias Tee On/Off soft key again to turn the bias tee voltage off.
NOTE: If power to the Bias Tee exceeds 6 Watts maximum continuous operation, the Bias Tee relay will open and a fault message will be displayed.
11-4
Chapter 12
GPS Feature
Introduction
The S331D/S332D Site Master is available with a built-in GPS receiver feature (Option 31)
that can provide latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing. The following
GPS antennas and accessories are available from Anritsu:
2000-1410
GPS
When the GPS receiver has tracked at least three satellites, the GPS icon will
change to:
GPS
Step 5. Press the Location soft key to view the latitude, longitude and altitude information and UTC timing.
Step 6. Press the Quality soft key to display the number of tracked satellites and the GPS
quality.
NOTE: Press the Reset soft key to reset the GPS.
12-1
Figure 12-1.
Figure 12-2.
12-2
12-3
Figure 12-3.
12-4
Chapter 13
Interference Analyzer Mode
Introduction
This chapter presents Interference Analyzer (Option 25) information and procedures.
Interference Analysis
Multiple wireless networks often operate in complicated signal environments. Three or four
base station antennas may be located on the same tower, and can create interference problems. Interference is one of the most common problems affecting wireless network systems
capacity and coverage. The Site Master captures and analyzes a received signal and displays the air interface standard and estimated bandwidth of the received signal, which is
critical in recognizing and analyzing the interfering signals.
The Interference Analyzer option adds four measurements to the capability of the
S331D/S332D:
q
Spectrogram
Signal Strength
RSSI
Signal ID
Spectrogram
Spectrogram is a three dimensional representation of frequency, time and power useful for
identifying intermittent interference.
Procedure
The following procedure demonstrates common Interference Analyzer Spectrogram setup
options. To select Interference Analyzer mode:
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Interference Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the MEAS/DISP key followed by the Spectrogram soft key.
Step 3. Press the FREQ/DIST key to set up the desired frequency sweep. Choose the
appropriate soft keys and enter the start and stop frequency, the center frequency
and the span, or select the Signal Standard soft key and select the channel and
Uplink or Downlink.
Step 4. To get the most effective spectrogram display, press the AMPLITUDE key, select the Ref Level soft key and set the reference level such that the largest signal
to be displayed will be near the top of the spectrum analyzer area of the screen.
The reference value required can be determined by observing the color of the
highest signal and changing the reference level to place that value near the top of
the spectrum analyzer area.
Step 5. Select the Scale soft key and set the scale value to place the lowest signal near
the bottom of the screen. In general, 4 or 5 dB/division will be good values.
13-1
Figure 13-1.
13-2
Spectrogram Display
Signal Strength
Signal Strength is useful for tracking down the source of an interfering signal. This measurement is done at a single frequency in zero span. Signal Strength displays the power at a
single frequency (in dBm) along with an optional audible indicator. Connect a directional
antenna and the frequency of the audible indicator increases as the measured signal strength
increases. This mode is especially useful when attempting to locate an emitter using a directional antenna.
Procedure:
The following procedure demonstrates a common Interference Analyzer Signal Strength
setup. To select Interference Analyzer mode:
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Interference Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Spectrum soft key.
Step 3. Press the FREQ/DIST key, select the Center soft key, and use the soft keys to
tune the center frequency to place the signal of interest in the center of the display.
Step 4. Connect the appropriate directional antenna to the RF In port and press the
MEAS/DISP key.
Step 5. Press the Signal Strength soft key.
Step 6. Press the AMPLITUDE key.
Step 7. Press the Ref Level soft key and set the top of the measurement range to place
the measured signal level near the right side of the bar chart.
Step 8. Press the Scale soft key and set the sensitivity of the audio output frequency to
amplitude changes. For most signal strength application, a value of 4 dB/division works well.
Step 9. Press the MEAS/DISP key followed by the Signal Strength soft key.
Step 10. Press the Speaker Tone On/Off soft key to turn on the audio output.
Step 11. If necessary, press the Volume soft key to set the speaker or headphone volume
to a comfortable level. Use the Up/Down arrow keys to adjust the volume.
Figure 13-2.
13-3
RSSI
RSSI is useful to observe signal strength at a single frequency over time.
Procedure:
The following procedure demonstrates a common Interference Analyzer RSSI setup. To select Interference Analyzer mode:
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Interference Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Spectrum soft key.
Step 3. Press the FREQ/DIST key, select the Center soft key, and use the soft keys to
tune the center frequency to place the signal of interest in the center of the display.
Step 4. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the RSSI soft key.
Step 5. Press the Time Interval soft key to set the time between adjacent measurement
points. This time may be set from 150 ms to 1 minute.
Step 6. Press the Time Span soft key to set the overall time span for the RSSI measurement. This time can be set from zero, to give manual control of the time span, to
a maximum of seven days. After the specified time span, measurement is halted.
Depending on the time interval selected, the data will scroll to the left once the
trace fills the screen.
Step 7. Press the AMPLITUDE key to set the reference level and scale factor to place
the trace on the screen. Alternatively, the data may be scaled to place it all on
screen by pressing the MEAS/DISP key, the RSSI soft key then the Auto Scale
Data soft key.
Step 8. To store the RSSI data, press the Log Data On/Off soft key to turn on data logging. The data is named Log - followed by the time at which the data was stored.
Each screen full of 401 data points will be stored as a separate display, and can
be saved for up to seven days.
Figure 13-3.
13-4
RSSI Display
Signal ID
Signal Identification is used to determine, if possible, the air interface standard of a signal.
If the instrument is unable to determine the modulation format, it will display the estimated
bandwidth of the signal.
Procedure:
The following procedure demonstrates a common Interference Analyzer Signal ID setup.
To select Interference Analyzer mode:
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the Interference Analyzer mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Signal ID soft key.
Step 3. Press the Set IA Freq soft key, enter the appropriate frequency to analyze the interfering signal, and press ENTER. Alternatively, if marker M1 is on, press the
IA Frequency as Marker M1 soft key to set the IA frequency to the current M1
frequency.
Step 4. Press the Measure soft key to start the measurement. A message box on the
screen states that the analysis is in process, then, when the measurement is complete, displays the cell standard and estimated bandwidth of the interfering signal.
Figure 13-4.
Signal ID Display
13-5
Chapter 14
Channel Scanner Mode
Introduction
This chapter presents Channel Scanner (Option 27) information and procedures.
Channel Scanner
The Channel Scanner option measures the output power of multiple transmitted signals.
The output power can be displayed as a bar graph or a text display showing the amplitude
of selected channels for a given air interface standard. Up to 20 channels can be measured.
The operating frequency range for Channel Scanner mode can either be set manually, or the
desired air interface standard can be selected from the Signal Standard list in the instrument. When the frequency range is selected from the Signal Standard list, all frequency related parameters are automatically set to the appropriate values for the selected standard.
The Channel Scanner option provides the choice of a bar graph or a text display showing
the amplitude of selected channels for a given air interface standard. The interface settings
can be manually entered if none of the available air interface standards meet the measurement need.
Procedure
The following procedure demonstrates a common channel scanner setup. To select Channel
Scanner mode:
Step 1. Press the MODE key and use the up and down arrows to highlight Channel
Scanner and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the Signal Standard soft key, the Select Standard soft key, and use the
Up/Down arrow key to highlight the CDMA US PCS standard. Press the
ENTER key to select.
Step 3. Press the Start Channel soft key, use the keypad to enter 50 and press the
ENTER key.
14-1
Figure 14-1.
Step 5. Press the Display/Graph Text soft key and the data will be displayed in text format.
Figure 14-2.
NOTE: The measurement can be made when the base station is either in service, out of service, or over the air.
14-2
Figure 14-3.
Step 7. Press the MEAS/DISP key and select the Display/Graph Text soft key and the
data will be displayed in text format.
Figure 14-4.
NOTE: Follow the same procedure for frequency step size as used for channel
step size.
14-3
Chapter 15
Signal Generator Mode
Introduction
This chapter presents information and procedures to make measurements using the optional
CW signal generator mode (Option 28). The CW Signal Generator provides a CW signal
from the RF Out port of the instrument. The CW signal is primarily used for sensitivity testing of receivers. To test receiver sensitivity, connect the signal directly to the receiver being
measured, and then reduce the output amplitude until the receiver drops the signal. The external splitter feeds the signal into the RF input of the instrument. The display shows the
output power and frequency.
Required Equipment
q
Attenuator
Splitter
Procedure
Step 1. On the Site Master, press the MODE key, use the Up/Down arrow key to select
the CW Signal Generator mode and press ENTER.
Step 2. Press the Freq soft key, use the Up/Down arrow key to change the desired frequency, or use the keypad to enter the desired frequency and select the MHz soft
key.
Step 3. Connect the attenuator to the RF Out port and the splitter to the RF In port.
TO RECEIVER
ATTENUATOR
SPLITTER
Figure 15-1.
15-1
Softkeys
The following soft keys are available in CW Signal Generator mode:
Enter a CW frequency from 25 MHz to 3000 MHz using the
Up/Down arrow key, or the keypad and the appropriate soft key for Hz, kHz,
MHz or GHz. Press ENTER to accept the input.
Display Setup Help Selecting this soft key displays a diagram of the recommended setup to use this option.
q Freq
15-2
Chapter 16
Handheld Software Tools
Introduction
This chapter provides a description of the Anritsu Handheld Software Tools program.
Handheld Software Tools is a Windows 95/98/NT4/2000/ME/XP/Vista program for transferring measured traces, along with markers and limit lines, to the PC display. The program
help function provides on screen instructions on display modification, trace overlay, uploading and downloading traces, and multiple plot printing.
Features
Handheld Software Tools provides the following features:
q
Download traces saved in the instrument memory to the PC for storage and
analysis
Ability to save captured plots as data files (.dat file format) or as records representing site information in a database file
Ability to export plot data as text files for use in a spreadsheet (.txt file format)
System Requirements
The Handheld Software Tools program will run on most any computer running Windows
95/98/NT4/2000/ME/XP/Vista. Minimum requirements and recommendations are:
q
Intel Pentium 100 MHz microprocessor (Pentium II 350 MHz or better recommended)
16-1
A serial (COM) port or a USB port and USB power adapter cable for communication with the instrument
Installation
To install the Handheld Software Tools program:
Step1.
Insert the Anritsu Handheld Software Tools disk in the CDROM drive.
Step2.
Step3.
Step4.
When prompted, press the Enter key to accept the default directory C:\Program
Files\ Software Tools and the installation will begin.
The readme.doc file on the disk provides updated information about the program, and the
Help function provides detailed operating information.
Step2.
Step3.
Select the appropriate PC COM port and Transfer Baud Rate for your system,
and click OK. (For the optional USB Adapter Cable (551-1691) set the COM
port to COM 4, and the baud rate to 38400.)
Figure 16-1.
16-2
Install the null modem serial interface cable to the RS232 Serial Interface connector on the test connector panel.
Step2.
Connect the other end of the serial interface cable to the appropriate COM port
connector on the PC.
Step3.
S332D
1
START
CAL
AUTO
SCALE
SAVE
SETUP
RECALL
SETUP
LIMIT
MARKER
7
SAVE
DISPLAY
ON
OFF
MODE
Figure 16-2.
FREQ/DIST
AMPLITUDE
ESCAPE
CLEAR
8
RECALL
DISPLAY
ENTER
COM PORT
RUN
HOLD
+/-
SYS
MEAS/DISP
Downloading Traces
Traces that can be downloaded from the instrument are grouped by the date on which they
were saved. They are further organized in chronological order for each date, with the oldest
trace at the top of the list. Each trace listing displays the trace name and measurement type
for that trace. Available measurement types are:
SA (Spectrum Analyzer)
TG (Tracking Generator)
TGF (TG Fast Tune)
Return Loss
SWR
Cable Loss
DTF (Distance to Fault)
Transmission
Measurement
Insertion Loss
Insertion Gain
Power Meter
CDMA
GSM
T1
E1
EVDO
Power Monitor
Spectrogram
RSSI
Channel Scanner
16-3
Plot Properties
After downloading, certain plot properties and information can be modified. Select the Plot
Properties or Plot Information icon.
Plot Properties that can be changed include:
Graph Titles
Display Mode
Scale/Limit
Markers
Misc. (Plot Display Parameters)
Graph Titles
After downloading the plot, the Main Title can be changed to reflect the site name or other
descriptive information. The Sub Title field can be used to describe the specifics of the
measurement and configuration.
Display Mode
Display Mode allows changing the display type without having to retest. Measurements can
be changed to dBm, dBV, dBmV, dBmV, V or W with a single click of mouse button.
Scale/Limit
The scale of the displayed plot can be modified to help analyze whether the plot meets
pass/fail criteria. The Scale/Limit sub menu activates options to manually enter the scale
limits, or to use the Auto Scale mode.
16-4
Time/Date
Model and Serial Number
Bias Tee
Date Format:
mm/dd/yyy
dd/mm/yyyy
yyyy/mm/dd
q
q
q
Impedance
Measurements
DTF Parameters
NOTE: While all possible selections are displayed, some of these selections apply only to specific models of Anritsu hand held instruments.
16-5
Saving Traces
Once the plots are captured to the PC they can be saved as individual files or as a block of
files to a database.
Saving a Plot as a Windows Metafile or to a Spreadsheet
Plots can be saved as a Windows metafile (.wmf), a Handheld Software Tools .dat file, a
text file (.txt) or an .mdb database. The metafile may be imported into graphic programs
and the text file can be imported into a spreadsheet. The .dat and .mdb files are used exclusively by Handheld Software Tools.
To save a plot as a Windows metafile, click on the File menu and select Export to
Metafile from the pull down menu. Once the trace is saved as a metafile, it can be copied
and transferred into other applications as a picture or graphic file.
To copy a metafile:
Step1.
Step2.
Select Edit and then Copy. The file will copied to the clipboard, or select File
and then Export to a Windows metafile.
Step3.
Step4.
Select Edit and then Paste. The file will be inserted as a graphic file or a
bitmap.
16-6
Step1.
Step2.
Click on the File menu and select Export to Text File for a Spreadsheet
from the pull down menu.
Step3.
Step4.
Exit the Handheld Software Tools program and open the spreadsheet application.
Step5.
Creating a Database
A single trace or a block of traces can be transferred from the instrument to the PC. A separate database can be created for each cellular site. The site name can be used as the database
name.
Step1.
Step2.
Once the database has been created, files can be saved and site information can be added,
such as Plot Description, Date/Time, Operator, record/trace number and session description
(transmitter type, etc.)
Individual plots will be labeled with the Database Site Name. Each record has its own plot
description and measurement type.
Printing Formats
One to multiple plots per page can be set up under the print format in Handheld Software
Tools. Orientation of how the plots are printed on the page can be changed from vertical to
horizontal.
16-7
Once Software Tools has been opened, select Antenna Editor from the Tools
menu on the tool bar. A pop-up box will appear on the screen of the PC.
Step2.
NOTE: Only one input of frequency and antenna factor is allowed per row. Multiple antenna factors for a single antenna must be entered individually. For example, an antenna having an antenna factor of 5 from 2.0 to 2.25 GHz and an
antenna factor of 4 from 2.25 to 2.5 GHz should be entered as follows:
Frequency (MHz)
2000
Antenna Factor
5
2251
2500
Select Save from the File menu to save the antenna factors to the hard disk.
16-8
Step1.
Step2.
Click on the Upload button on the tool bar (or select Upload from the Tools
menu). It is important to note that the instrument must sweep very quickly during the data transfer, at least every 5 seconds, or the Handheld Software Tools
program may time-out. To improve the chances of a successful upload, increase the RBW and VBW settings to the maximum, or set the span to 0, temporarily.
Step3.
The antennas available can be viewed by pressing the MEAS/DISP key, then
the Measure, Field Strength and Select Custom Antenna soft keys.
Downloading Antennas
All ten antennas can be downloaded to the PC from the instrument. This allows for modifications to the antenna factors of an antenna or the addition or deletion of available antennas
from the list. The antennas can then be uploaded to the instrument.
To download the antennas:
Step1.
Step2.
Step3.
Step4.
Cable List
A custom cable list can be created in Software Tools and uploaded to the Site Master. Some
standard 1000 MHz, 2000 MHz, and 2500 MHz cables are stored in the Site Master and are
listed in Appendix A of this Users Guide.
The cable list contains vital information such as propagation velocity (Vp) and insertion
loss (dB/m or dB/ft). These parameters are important when identifying faults and discontinuities of transmission lines.
NOTE: Values for the cable list are taken from manufacturers specifications.
Complex digital communications systems may require adjustment to attenuation values at the higher frequencies. Contact the manufacturer for the appropriate cable losses.
The Cable Editor is specifically designed to provide contractors, service providers, and network operators with a list of cable types that are tailored to their use.
To open the Cable Editor, select the Tools menu and select Cable Editor.
To open an existing cable list file, select File and Open. Select the desired cable list and
press Enter.
Step2.
Type in or cut and paste the cable types and specifications for the desired cables.
16-9
DTF Plots
Handheld Software Tools can convert Return Loss in Frequency Domain (Freq-RL) plots
and SWR in Frequency Domain (Freq-SWR) plots to DTF plots.
To convert from Frequency Domain to Distance to Fault, follow these steps:
Step1.
Step2.
Step3.
Use the cursor to read out values shown in the bottom tray of the PC screen, at
each point along the DTF trace. Maximize the plot window for best cursor resolution.
NOTES: The distance units (meters or feet) can be changed by selecting Default Plot Settings from the Settings menu.
The stop distance entry must be less than or equal to the maximum un-aliased
range (D-Max), and the start distance must be less than the stop distance.
Smith Chart
The Smith Chart is a commonly used graphical format for the analysis of the impedance of
transmission lines. It can be a useful tool for fine tuning an antenna system.
Handheld Software Tools can convert the following types of plots to Smith Charts:
q
Step2.
Click the Smith Chart button on the toolbar (or choose Convert to Smith Chart
from the Tools menu). A new window will open showing the plot in Smith Chart
form.
Step3.
To read values from a Smith Chart, move the mouse pointer over a data point.
When the mouse pointer turns into a hand, click once with the left button. A
pop-up window will appear with various measurement data.
16-10
Store an updated signal standards file back onto the test unit
16-11
16-12
Appendix A
Reference Data
Coaxial Cable Technical Data
Table A-1 provides a standard listing of common coaxial cables along with their Relative
Propagation Velocity and Nominal Attenuation values in dB/m @1000, 2000, and
2500 MHz. (N/A indicates that the specification is not applicable to the listed cable.)
Table A-1.
Manufacturer
Cable Type
Relative
Propagation
Velocity (Vf)
Andrew
FSJ1-50A
0.84
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
1000 MHz
0.197
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2000 MHz
0.285
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2500 MHz
0.313
Andrew
FSJ2-50
0.83
0.134
0.196
0.222
Andrew
FSJ4-50B
0.81
0.119
0.176
0.201
Andrew
LDF4-50A
0.88
0.073
0.107
0.121
Andrew
LDF5-50A
0.89
0.041
0.061
0.070
Andrew
LDF6-50
0.89
0.029
0.044
0.051
Andrew
LDF7-50A
0.88
0.024
0.037
0.043
Andrew
LDF12-50
0.88
0.021
0.033
N/A
Andrew
LDF4.5-50
0.89
0.054
0.08
0.091
Andrew
LDF5-50B
0.91
0.041
0.061
0.07
Andrew
HJ4-50
0.914
0.087
0.137
0.15
Andrew
HJ4.5-50
0.92
0.054
0.079
0.084
Andrew
HJ5-50
0.916
0.042
0.063
0.07
Andrew
HJ7-50A
0.921
0.023
0.034
0.04
Andrew
HJ12-50
0.931
0.019
0.029
N/A
Andrew
VXL5-50
0.88
0.045
0.066
0.075
Andrew
VXL6-50
0.88
0.032
0.048
0.055
Andrew
VXL7-50
0.88
0.024
0.037
0.043
Andrew
AVA5-50 7/8"
0.91
0.0115
0.0168
0.0191
Andrew
AVA7-50 1 5/8"
0.92
0.0068
0.0102
0.0117
Andrew
VXL5-50 7/8"
0.88
0.0136
0.0201
0.0229
Andrew
VXL6-50 1 1/4"
0.88
0.0097
0.0147
0.0169
Andrew
VXL7-50 1 5/8"
0.88
0.0074
0.0113
0.013
Andrew
EFX2-50
0.85
0.0368
0.0541
0.0615
Andrew
HL4RP-50A
0.88
0.0226
0.0331
0.0376
A-1
Manufacturer
Cable Type
Relative
Propagation
Velocity (Vf)
Belden
RG8, 8A
0.659
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
1000 MHz
0.262
Belden
RG9, 9A
0.659
0.289
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG17, 17A
0.659
0.18
N/A
N/A
Belden
0.659
0.541
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG58, 58B
0.659
0.558
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG58A, 58C
0.659
0.787
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG142
0.659
0.443
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG174
0.659
0.984
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG178B
0.659
1.509
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG188
0.659
1.017
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG213
0.659
0.292
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG214
0.659
0.292
N/A
N/A
Belden
RG223
0.659
0.535
N/A
N/A
Cablewave
HCC12-50J
0.915
0.087
0.126
0.137
Cablewave
HCC78-50J
0.915
0.041
0.061
0.066
Cablewave
HCC158-50J
0.95
0.022
0.031
0.033
Cablewave
HCC300-50J
0.96
0.015
N/A
N/A
Cablewave
HCC312-50J
0.96
0.013
N/A
N/A
Cablewave
HF 4-1/8 Cu2Y
0.97
0.01
N/A
N/A
Cablewave
HF 5 Cu2Y
0.96
0.007
N/A
N/A
Cablewave
HF 6-1/8 Cu2Y
0.97
0.006
N/A
N/A
Cablewave
FLC 38-50J
0.88
0.115
0.169
0.19
Cablewave
FLC 12-50J
0.88
0.072
0.11
0.134
Cablewave
FLC 78-50J
0.88
0.041
0.061
0.072
Cablewave
FLC 114-50J
0.88
0.033
0.05
0.059
Cablewave
FLC158-50J
0.88
0.025
0.038
0.042
Comscope
CR50 540 PE
0.88
0.069
0.103
0.116
Comscope
CR50 1070PE
0.88
0.037
0.055
0.064
Comscope
CR50 1873PE
0.88
0.022
0.0344
0.04
Eupen
EC4-50 1/2
0.88
0.074
0.109
0.124
Eupen
EC4.5-50 5/8
0.88
0.056
0.083
0.094
Eupen
EC5-50 7/8
0.88
0.041
0.061
0.069
Eupen
EC6-50 1-1/4
0.88
0.03
0.045
0.052
A-2
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2000 MHz
N/A
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2500 MHz
N/A
Manufacturer
Cable Type
Relative
Propagation
Velocity (Vf)
Eupen
EC7-50 1-5/8
0.88
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
1000 MHz
0.025
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2000 MHz
0.038
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2500 MHz
0.043
Eupen
EC12-50 2-1/4
0.88
0.022
0.034
0.039
NK Cables
RF -50
0.88
0.0757
0.112
0.127
NK Cables
RF -50 GHF
0.88
0.0757
0.112
0.127
NK Cables
RF -50 BHF
0.88
0.0757
0.112
0.127
NK Cables
RF 5/8-50
0.88
0.0518
0.0768
0.087
NK Cables
RF 5/8-50
GHF
0.88
0.0518
0.0768
0.087
NK Cables
RF 5/8-50
BHF
0.88
0.0518
0.0768
0.087
NK Cables
RF 7/8-50
0.88
0.0413
0.062
0.07
NK Cables
RF 7/8-50
GHF
0.88
0.0413
0.062
0.07
NK Cables
RF 7/8-50
BHF
0.88
0.0413
0.062
0.07
NK Cables
RF 1 5/8 -50
0.88
0.0248
0.038
0.044
NK Cables
RF 1 5/8 -50
GHF
0.88
0.0248
0.038
0.044
NK Cables
RF 1 5/8 -50
BHF
0.88
0.0248
0.038
0.044
NK Cables
RF 2 -50
0.88
0.021
0.034
N/A
NK Cables
RF 2 -50
GHF
0.88
0.021
0.034
N/A
NK Cables
RF 2 -50
BHF
0.88
0.021
0.034
N/A
NK Cables
0.81
0.147
0.218
0.25
NK Cables
0.81
0.147
0.218
0.25
NK Cables
0.81
0.147
0.218
0.25
NK Cables
RFF -50
0.82
0.112
0.167
0.19
NK Cables
RFF -50
GHF
0.82
0.112
0.167
0.19
NK Cables
RFF -50
BHF
0.82
0.112
0.167
0.19
NK Cables
0.84
0.052
0.078
0.089
NK Cables
0.84
0.052
0.078
0.089
NK Cables
0.84
0.052
0.078
0.089
A-3
Table A-1.
Manufacturer
Cable Type
Relative
Propagation
Velocity (Vf)
Times
LMR100
0.8
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
1000 MHz
0.792
Times
LMR200
0.83
0.344
0.49
0.554
Times
LMR240
0.84
0.262
0.377
0.424
Times
LMR400
0.85
0.135
0.196
0.222
Times
LMR500
0.86
0.109
0.159
0.18
Times
LMR600
0.87
0.087
0.128
0.145
Times
LMR900
0.87
0.056
0.086
0.098
Times
LMR1200
0.88
0.044
0.065
0.074
Times
LMR1700
0.89
0.033
0.049
0.056
310801
0.821
0.115
N/A
N/A
311201
0.82
0.18
N/A
N/A
311501
0.8
0.23
N/A
N/A
311601
0.8
0.262
N/A
N/A
311901
0.8
0.377
N/A
N/A
352001
0.8
0.377
N/A
N/A
A-4
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2000 MHz
1.15
Nominal
Attenuation
dB/m @
2500 MHz
1.31
Appendix B
Windowing
Introduction
The FREQ/DIST menu (page 2-18) provides for setting the cable loss and relative propagation velocity of the coaxial cable. The Window key opens a menu of FFT windowing
types for the DTF calculation.
The theoretical requirement for inverse FFT is for the data to extend from zero frequency to
infinity. Side lobes appear around a discontinuity due to the fact that the spectrum is cut off
at a finite frequency. Windowing reduces the side lobes by smoothing out the sharp transitions at the beginning and at the end of the frequency sweep. As the side lobes are reduced
the main lobe widens thereby reducing the resolution.
In situations where there may be a small discontinuity close to a large one, side lobe reduction windowing should be used. When distance resolution is critical windowing can be reduced.
Examples
The types of windowing in order of increasing side lobe reduction are: rectangular, nominal
side lobe, low side lobe, and minimum side lobe. Figures B-1 thru B-4 show examples of
the types of windowing.
D is ta n c e T o F a u lt
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
-2 5
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 0
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
1 0
1 5
2 0
2 5
3 0
3 5
4 0
4 5
5 0
5 5
6 0
F e e t
Figure B-1.
B-1
Appendix B Windowing
D is ta n c e T o F a u lt
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
-2 5
-3 0
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
1 0
5
Figure B-2.
1 5
2 0
2 5
3 0
F e e t
3 5
4 0
4 5
5 0
5 5
6 0
4 0
4 5
5 0
5 5
6 0
D is ta n c e T o F a u lt
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
-2 5
-3 0
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
Figure B-3.
B-2
1 0
1 5
2 0
2 5
3 0
3 5
F e e t
Appendix B Windowing
D is ta n c e T o F a u lt
-5
-1 0
-1 5
-2 0
-2 5
-3 0
R e tu rn L o s s (d B )
-3 5
-4 0
-4 5
-5 0
Figure B-4.
1 0
1 5
2 0
2 5
3 0
F e e t
3 5
4 0
4 5
5 0
5 5
6 0
B-3
Appendix C
Signal Standards
Introduction
Table C-1 provides a listing of common Spectrum Analyzer signal standards.
Table C-1.
C-1
C-2
C-3
Index
A
case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
D
D4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
D4 SF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
B
B8ZS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63, 9-5
bandwidth . . . . . . . 2-21, 2-40, 2-49, 3-12
battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75
BER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
BERT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
bias tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4
blue alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
BPV . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64, 2-66, 9-4, 10-3
bridged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63, 2-66
brightness . . . . . . . . . . 2-41, 3-18, 5-21
BTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1, 10-1
C
C/I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24, 5-19
cable loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2, 4-4
calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12, 3-2
E
error insertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
error messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
ESD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
ESF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63, 9-4, 9-7
external
attenuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Index-1
LEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
F
FFT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
field strength. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
fixed CW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
FlexCal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29, 2-74
framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63, 2-66
frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
G
G.821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2, 10-2
grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
H
hard keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
HDB3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
HDSL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3
histogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
hold . . . . . . . . 2-7, 2-21, 2-41, 2-68, 3-13
M
maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
markers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16, 16-5
Markers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
measurements
cable and antenna . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
channel power . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
E1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
field strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1, 8-1
Spectrum Analyzer . . . . . . . . . 3-11
T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1
memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
metafile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-6
MSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1, 10-1
I
In Service Testing
E1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3
T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4
OBW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
Out-Of-Service Testing
E1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8
T1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7
ITU-T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1
keys
hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
pattern
sync . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2, 9-7, 10-2
PCM30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
PCM31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
plot overlay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-5
Index-2
static . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
power meter
high accuracy . . . . 1-2, 1-8, 2-74, 8-1
internal . . . . . . . . 1-2, 1-9, 2-61, 6-1
sync
R
RAI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
RBW . . . . . . . . . . 2-21, 2-40, 2-49, 3-12
reference level . . . . . 2-20, 2-39, 2-46, 5-2
relative power . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61, 6-4
repeater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1
resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21, 4-7
T
trace overlay . . . . . . . . . 2-21, 16-1, 16-5
transmission measurement . . . . . . . . 11-1
trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
external . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
single sweep . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
trigger
video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
UTC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1
sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
video bandwidth . 2-21, 2-40, 2-50, 3-12, 5-2
volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48, 13-3
Vpp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4, 10-3
X
XdB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Y
yellow alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
Index-3
Z
zero span . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6, 2-19, 2-72
zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Index-4