Basic Math Solutions Fall 2015

(1) Find the general and particular solutions of the differential equation

d3y
d 2 y dy

2
2 y 6 x sin( x)
dx 3
dx 2 dx
SOLUTION
Auxiliary equation is m 2m m 2 0 with solution
3

m 1m2 m 2 m 1m 1m 2 so general solution is

y Ae x Be x Ce 2 x
Particular solution has to be of the form y ax b c sin( x) d cos( x)
Substitution into original differential equation gives

y 3x 12 101 2 sinx cos( x)

(2) Evaluate the line integral I

2 xy ds
C

Along the curve the x cos(t ), y sin(t ) from t=0 to t=/4

SOLUTION
2

dx dy
Along the curve ds dt where x f (t ), y g (t )
dt dt
/4

Therefore I

/4

1
2 cos(t ) sin(t ) sin(t ) cos(t ) dt sin(2t )dt 2
2

(3) Find the eigenvalues and normalized eigenvectors of the matrix

1 0 0

A 1 2 0
2 3 3

SOLUTION
For this lower triangular matrix the eigenvalues are on the diagonal and are =1, 2, 3

 1 0 0 x
x

To find eigenvectors solve 1 2 0 y y for each eigenvalue
2 3 3 z
z

1
0
0

2 1
The normalized eigenvectors are 1 ,
1 and 0 corresponding to the three eigenvalues
3 1 10
1

3
2
1,2,and 3.