:

03-NB12-01_sco_2.

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.
1942 11

.
2 1941
.
,

1945 8 2
.
8 1953 '

(Atoms for Peace)'

.

.
1978 4 1 3

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.
1

,
,
. 1932
(Enrico Fermi,
1901-1954).
,
.
, .
1942 12 2
.
,
,
. (
)
.
''
.
, 40% .

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.
2

,
. ,
.
, TNT t
kt
.
, 1 .
1942 ()
. 45 7 16
8
6 [] 235 , 9 []
239 .

- .

1897 J.J. Thomson

y

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.

() ()

1913 (Bohr) ,
,
.

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.

- .

1918 ()

1934 (Enrico Fermi)

4 ()

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.

1938

1 23

- .

1939


1942
-235
-238 -239
2

-235
-239 .

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.

238
-239

(CP-1)
1942 12 2 ()
-238
-239

CP-1

-
.

 :
03-NB12-01_sco_2.

1951

EBR -1(100kW)
1954 5,000kW

1956 (BWR)


(60,000kW)
, 1959
, 1960
(134MW)

-
.

51 5


1966 6


-1966

-1978 4
1