WASHOE THE CHIMPANZEE

Washoe was a female

common chimpanzee who
was the first non-human
to learn to communicate
using
American
Sign
Language.
Washoe
learned
approximately
350 words of ASL.
Washoe was born in West Africa in 1965. She
was captured for use by the US Air Force for
research for the space program. Washoe was
named for Washoe County, Nevada, where she
was raised and taught to use ASL.
Washoe was raised in an environment as close
as possible to that of a human child, in an
attempt to satisfy her psychological need for
companionship.
After the first couple of years of the language
project, the Gardners and Roger Fouts
discovered that Washoe could pick up ASL
gestures without direct instruction, but instead
by observing humans around her who were
signing amongst themselves. For example, the
scientists signed "Toothbrush" to each other
while they brushed their teeth near her.

Washoe is exhibiting her intelligence using

American Sign Language. She learned about
350 words of ASL.
CREATE
-Do you think domesticated animal like Clever
Hans that can be trained is more intelligent
than animals living in wild?
Yes I do, because animals that are trained have the
steps to do something to show their intelligence.
-Do you think Clever Hanss ability to imitate
human behavior is a sign of high intelligence?
Yes I do, because not all the animals have the ability
to show signals of human behavior.
-What does Clever Hans have to do to correctly
answer a question?
He have to be able to see the person asking the
question and the person have to know the answer.
-What did Oskar Pfungst do to show that Hans
wasnt really counting?
The psychologist put Hanss questioners out of view
and having them ask Hans questions they didnt know
the answers.
-Why does the author believes that Clever Hans
are showing high intelligence?
Because he are able to recognize a sign an the choose
to do something about it.

Hunza, Pakistan
How long do the people live?
The life expectancy of the average Westerner is about 70
years. The life expectancy of the average Hunza falls onto a
different scale altogether - these people reach both physical
and intellectual maturity at the venerable age of one hundred.
Where do they live, and what is their environment like?
They call themselves the Hunzas and live in what has come to
be known as the roof of the world - the mountain peaks of the
Himalayas.
What is their diet?
Hunzas eat only two meals a day. Their diet is composed of
grains: barley, millet, buckwheat and wheat. They also eat
fruits and vegetables on a regular basis. Milk and cheese are
important sources of animal protein. The important thing to
remember is that although the Hunzas are not wholly
vegetarian, meat forms a minimal part of their daily diet.
What is their lifestyle?
What do they do that is different from what most people do?
Walking for an hour each day, something most people can
manage, is excellent for both your body and your mind. In
fact, walking is the simplest, least costly and most accessible
form of exercise there is.
How do experts explain their longevity?

This may sound surprising, since most nutrition experts here

in the west stress the importance of a hearty breakfast, even
though our life-style is relatively sedentary compared to that
of the Hunzas, who engage in demanding physical labor all
morning long on an empty stomach.
What can we learn from these people?
Youll feel a whole new life opening up before you as soon as
you start applying these marvelous secrets, which have been
handed down from generation to generation, through the
ages, and which are now yours to enjoy.

My opinion about Doubled Lifespans

The wish to extend the human lifespan
has a long tradition in many cultures.
Optimistic views of the possibility of
achieving this goal through the latest
developments in medicine feature
increasingly in serious scientific and
philosophical discussion.
Have a very long life expectancy can
change the way of life of many people
on earth because different men could
get marry with many women and
correcting mistakes made in life.

This is good in a way because we could

see our next generation and we could
teach them to not do our mistakes.
In my case, I agree that we could live
more than 100 years and we would
have more time to meet our goals.

CREATE
What does Leo do to feel vigorous?
Leo studied a lot of careers to feel vigorous.
How many
punctually?

careers

did

Leo

study

Leo studied about twenty careers.

What are some of the
careers did Leo study?

disparate

Leo has been an architect, an archeologist,

a space-habitats developer, a professional
gambler, an astronomer.

How many decades does Leo reinvent

himself?
Leo reinvent himself every decade or two.
What does Fresh Challenge mean
for Leo?
It means that he should have been doing
something to feel alive and get new
knowledge.