Disk Or “most often reveal themselves in abbreviated as DOS ‘brefer to an operating system software used in most computers that provides the abstraction and management of secondary storage devices and the information on them (e.g. file systems for organizing files of all sorts). ‘Such software is referred to as a disk operating system when the storage devices it manages are made of rotating platters, such as floppy disks or hard disks. ‘Today, most computer users are only familiar with how to navigate Microsoft Windows using the mouse, Unlike Windows, MS-DOS is a command-line and is navigated by using MS-DOS commands, For example, if you wanted to see all the files in a folder in Windows you would double-click the folder to open the folder in Windows Explorer. Internal Commands +A command that is stored in the system memory and loaded from the command.com. Below are examples of internal commands in MS-DOS and the Windows command line currently listed in the Computer Hope Database. * Any of the external commands are Ve DIR Command + The dir command allows you to see the available files and directories in the current directory In addition to listing the contents of a directory, the dir command will also show the last modification date and time, as well as the file size. The dir command is an internal command and is available in the below Microsoft operating systems. External Commands + MS-DOS commands that are not included in command.com. External commands are commonly external either because they require large requirements or are not commonly used commands. Below are examples of MS-DOS and Windows command line external commands currently listed in the Computer Hope database. CLS Command Wildcard + symbol used to replace or represent one or more characters. Wildcards or wild characters are either an asterisk (*), which represents one or more characters or question mark (2), which represents a single character. In the below examples of how a wildcard may be used, realize that wildcards are relatively universal. This means an example in DOS is similar to how it would be used in Linux, with the exception being that the command may be different.C:\> Dir *.doc In this next example the dir command would only list files that end with .DOC file extension. (CD (Change Directory) isa command used toswitch directories in MS-DOS and the Windows command line, Syntax: 0 Ciferivel\[oath] COPY CON COMMAND AMS-DOS and Windows command line command that allows the creation of a file through the command prompt. To use this command type copy con followed by the name of the file you wish to create as shown below. copy con myfile.txt Commands Syntaxand Definition Allows you to create your own directories in MS-DOS. md/ mkdir Syntax: MD DIRECTORY_NAME Example: MD ACCESS | Removesanempty directoryin MS- NG Ta delete dirartoriacuithfloe + After this command is typed you'll be returned to a blank line, which is the start of your file. Enter the lines you want to insert into the file and when done press Ctrl + Z to create the file. If you wish to cancel the creation of the file press Ctrl + C.DEL COMMAND * Delis a command used to delete files from the computer. del myfile.txt COPY COMMAND Allows the user to copy one or more files to an alternate location. copy *.* a: ren / rename command Used to rename files and directories from the original name to a new name. In earlier releases of MS-DOS instead of using ren or rename you need to use the move command to rename your MS-DOS directories or files. MOVE COMMAND Allows you to move files or directories from one folder to another, or from one drive to another. move myfile.txt _c:\windows\