yry THE UNIVERSITY OF TRINIDAD & TOBAGO SESS! [ATIONS JANU: Course Code and Title: | THRM1001 Enginceting Thermodynamics Programme: Bachelor of Applied Sciences Common 1* Year ‘Date and Time: Monday 29" April 2013. Duration: 9:00am — 12 noon PLEASE READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE YOU BEGIN THIS EXAMINATION Instructions to Candidates 1. This paper has _11_pages and _6__questions. 2. You are required to answer ALL. questions ‘The question paper is to be returned with the Answer script Key Examination Protocol 1. Students please note that academic dishonesty (or cheating) includes but is not limited to plagiarism, collusion, falsification, replication, taking unauthorised notes or devices into an examination, obtaining an unauthorised copy of the examination paper, communicating ot tying to communicate with another candidate during the examination, and being a party to impersonation in relation to an examination, 2. The above mentioned and any other actions which compromise the integrity of the academic evaluation process will be fully investigated and addressed in accordance with UTT’s academic regulations. 3, Please be reminded that speaking without the Invigilator’s permission is NOT allowed. Page Loft (© The University of Trinidad & Tobago ‘anuary/ Apo 2013 Final Examinations (rHRMI001)1A) Figure 1 shows water circulating through a piping system, servicing various household needs. Considering the following equipment listed, specify the kind of system you would use and sketch the system boundary, showing any flows. a Hot water heater RQ) b. Dishwasher 2] ce. Shower. Q) Shower i 22351 Dishwasher Water meter Hot water hewter Electric meter Figure | B) Air contained within an insulated piston cylinder assembly is shown in Figure 2. On its top the piston is attached to a spring which exerts a force on the piston. The valve is open and air enters the cylinder via a supply line. Considering the air in the cylinder as the system to be examined specify the kind of system you would use and sketch the system boundary, showing any flows. Page Bott © The Universi of Tid Tobago SanuaryAprit 2013 Fieal Examinations TeRMI0ON)Figure 2 2. A) Five kilograms of saturated water vapour are contained in a closed rigid tank at an initial pressure of 40 bar. The pressure of the water drops to 20 bar as a result of heat transfer to the surroundings. i) Sketch the process on a P-v diagram, 2} ii) What is the name given to the type of process described above? (1 iii) Determine the volume of the tank in m>. ( iv) Determine the quality at the final state. (21 B) A gas undergoes a process for which the pressure-volume relation is pv" = constant. The initial and final states of the gas are fixed by py = 2 bar, Ty = 10 deg C , vi = 0.67320 m°/kg and pz =10 bar, T, = 60 deg C, v2 = 0.15106 m’skg respectively. Evaluate the constant n for this process, (4) 3. Assystem consisting of 2 kg of H2O undergoes a cycle composed of the following processes: Process 1-2: expansion with pv = constant from saturated vapour at 100 bar to 10 bar Process 2-3: ‘constant-pressure process until vj=v; Process 3-1: constant-volume heating i) Sketch the cycle on p-v and 7-v diagrams. 8] Neglecting kinetic and potential energy effect, determine ii) the net work for the cycle and 1 iii) the heat transfer for each process all in kJ. BI 4. A) Asystem undergoes a cycle consisting of four processes. Some of the values of the energy transfers and energy changes are given in the table, Determine all the missing values. All units are in KI. Page3 of 1 © The Univesity of Tina & Tobago Sanasey/Apeil 2013 Final Exaninations ‘TaRnoo1Process Q Ww AU 192, 200 a) 0 233 80 b) ©) 34 4) 600 400 451 0 ©) 71200 6) B) A gas initially at 500 kPa, 100K undergoes a polytropic process where n=k to a final temperature of 300 K. Determine the work and heat transfer for the process in ki/kg. Neglect the effect of potential and kinetic energy. Use R=0.208 ki/kg K and cy = 0.312 ki/kgK. 5. A) Define the Carnot cycle using an appropriate diagram/s and explain its usefulness B) A proposed power plant receives energy by heat transfer from saturated steam at a [5] [5] pressure of ! bar and discharges energy by heat transfer to a nearby lake which is 21 deg C. Determine if it is possible for this cycle to achieve a thermal efficiency of 30%. © The University of Trindade Tobago Jaguay/Apsi 2013 Feal Examinations (THRMI001) Paged of 116. 3 kgs of wet vapour with a quality of 35% and pressure 100 kPa exits the condenser of a Carnot Power Cycle, During the isentropic compression the wet vapour achieves a pressure of 6000 kPa. After the isothermal heat addition process it exits the boiler as saturated vapour. The vapour then expands isentropically to a pressure of 100 kPa, a. Evaluate the heat and work for each process in kW [8] b, Evaluate the Camot cycle efficiency 2) Assume no work is done in the boiler and condenser END OF PAPER Page Sof 1 ‘© The University of Trinidad & Tebego Janaary/Apnt 2013 Final Examinations ‘(raeanco)Equation Sheet For any Fluid Work. Jedi For an Ideal Gas Assuming constant specific heat values Internal energy: 4-4, =c,(T,-T) Enthalpy: hy—h,=¢,(Ty-T,) Efficiency Carnot Power Cycle bh Tw Power Cycle For any fluid When a polytropic process is reversible: Work: wen bP = Po) I-n For an Ideal Gas PVT relationships: pw =conseant where aaty Page 6of 11 (© The Univesity of Trinidad & Tobago Jamuary/ Apri 2013 Final Examinations ritencie01)Ideal Gas Equation: Ried fhnol K | Heal Gas Equation: pV =nRT ot py = RT where RUT. | Rre,~¢ Wet Steam v= Ut x06 ha hp +xhyg SHS +5 ¢q Page 7of 11 ‘© The Univesity of Tried & Tobago January/Apeil 2013 Final Examinations cence)Appendix ee Pp MPa p= 0A MPa °C_| v mike hy kiike vp, mifky_h, ki/ky_s, Why 0} 414.0 a1 13068 417513037] "0.001 067526213738 2675173589 | 0.001090 6326 1.8415 | 26759 7.36097) 0.001123 424 2.0861 2726.3 74918 | 0.001 127 762.9 2.1389 2776.1 7.6129, 0.1944 27777 __ 6.5860 28255 7.7263 2 : e DRTAS T8335. 294319: 39739 > 8035 (3038 8.1959 | ‘ 3073.9: 82152) 0.2703 3104.1 7.2133 31244 8.3014 0.2825 31573, 7.3003 3175.3 ‘B.3846 0.2046 3210.5 7.3842 32264 8.4652 03065 «3263874648 32780 8.5432 3382.3 8.0927 “BARB, 8.8342. 35958-89090. “BTOS0 9.0879 “3816 F ‘aals 700 1 e28 93405: 04944 4155.5 8.5005 41507 9.5663 0.5408 (4394.2 8.7130 4397.5 S781 0.5872, 4639.3 8.9136 4642.0 99781 0.6335, 4890.8 9.1037 $8930 101678 08708 Sis82 92nd eon OFR6I a2 9599 Page 8 of 1 © The University of Trinidad & Tobago Sanuary/Apil 2013 Final Examinabons rRMtC0r)p=20MPa he kifay_$. KUMkgeK 0.000999 2d 0.001 002 “106.6 °o: ‘O00 dit 2110 8 3155-1014 s00 | A005 13054 138 5269 1.5729 150 633.3 18404, 175 742.9 2.0850 0.1449 Ot: 0.1877 1200 | 0.3399 89300 O9SST (© The University of Trinidad & Tobago Janwary’Api 2013 Final Examinations (THRMNIOON) p= 40 MPa ve mvke ft, Ki/ke_s, kiskgk 158, ~On00T “O00 DOF T0B.4 “0.3659 0.001 10° 2128 07019. | O.00t de 3172 1.0130 001 OAL. ARDO 1.3039 0.001 065 528.2 1.5710 0.001088 6345 1.8387 0.001 121 743.9 (2.0825 0.001 1548534 0.001 252 0.0498 7.8503, 8.0654 8.2676 8.4590 8.6408 Balad Page 9 of 1p= 100 MPa vv, mike h, Kikg 0.000999. i140 0.00) 008. 217.9 oor et 3220 0.00} 038 426.5 0.001 061 532.4 0,001 084 638.3 0,001 116 7471 0.001 148 0.001087 635.7_—_1.8360 0.001119 745.0 2.0799 0.001152 854.2 2.3238 0.001200 9698 2.5558 T= f] 0.001319 1213.33.06 275.62 g| 0.0324 2783.9 5.8886 0.001 452 ‘B00 | "G.0362 38.2 60659 0018.02 325 0.0394 2967.4 6.2097 0.019 86 350, 0.0422 3042.2 6.3322 0.022 42 3718 0.0449 34 6441 0.024 53, 400, 0.0474 3177.0 6.5404 0.026 41 450 0.0521 3301.9 6.7195 0.029 75 800° | 0.0866" 34223. «6.8805 0.03278 5S0. | 0.0610 3540.6" "7.0287 0.03563 600°. | 0.0652 36581 7.1673 0.038 36. “650. | 0.0694 3775.6. 71.2982 ‘O.04t OF 100. }0.0735 3803.6 F.aa27 | O04 59 800 0.0816 4132.3 7.6561 0.048 63 900 0.0896 4375.7 7.8730 0.083 56 1000 | 0.0976 46245. 8.0764 1000 | 0.05840 1100 0.1054 4878.6 8.2686 1100 0.063 20 1200 | 0.1133 $138.2 8.4510 1200 | 0.06797 300] 0.121 $402.9 ‘gona ‘i300: | (0.07270: Pege 10 0f 1 © The University of Tiadad Tobago Janaary/April 203 Fal Examinations (TARHOONYTable A-3 Properties of Saturated Water (Liguld-Vapar Pressure Table Aras tose] Specie Wome | neva Energy Enhalpy 0 KEE) iw! : hn 24 ig wihe Ug i! a Set $9. sa [su | su sit. [sa | Sx Press. | Temp. } Liquid | Vapor | Liquid | Vapor | Liquid | Evap, | Vapor { Liquid | Vapor | Press bw | cc fox iot | vtec tape [eeeherte athe thee ct be oot | 2896 | rooee santo | iaias | aang | iaiae | daaae.| assem | aaane O04 0.96 | 3616 | J.9064 | 23.739 | 181.53 | 2an80-| 151.53 d4is9 | 25674'| oS210 | 83304 | 006 os | 4481 [roe J iet0s | 737 | 24802 | r7s88 | 20st] aso | asus | 82287 | oon O10} 45.81 | sore | der | songz | 24579 | soies | 2028 | 25007 | owas | sis02 | a10 020 | 606 | Lore) 7649 | ast.ae | 2456.7 | 251401 2386-3 | aa09.7: | ox8320°| Zo90Ks | 020 0.30 | 6210 | 10223 | 52 | 299.20 | 24on.a | 299.22] 23361 | 26252 | 09439 | 77686 | 030 ado | 7587 | i0a6s | 3993 | 31753 | 24770 | sire | mai92 | 266 | 1o2s9 | 7em0 | os ago | 8133 | 1030 | i240 | saoas | 24239 | Sano] 230s | 2ess9 | rosi0 | 73939 | 030 aso | ase4 | 0x1) 2732 | 359.79 | 24806 | 3086! 2a0ne | 26835 | 1453 | 73320 | 060 a7 | 3995} 1.0360 | 2365 | 37643 | 2as8s | 37670} 22833 | 26600 | Livi9 | 2477 | 70 oso | 9350;]° nosso | 2087 | 00.58 | aaa | $91.66 | 22741 | 26658 | 12509} 2ame | 080 90 | 9678. [ Loge. | cass 3506 |. 4055 | 2365.7 | 276 |.12098 | 73059 | 090 109 | 9963} 4o4a2-.| 1695 3506.1} 4i746 | 22580 | a6rss| 1.3026 | 73504 | 1.00 150 10828 | 1.139 25197 | 4o7t) | 22263:| 26836 | 14336) 7.2233 | . 1.50 200 osos, | oikss7 252933.) 50470 13301 | 212m | | 2 250 100 | onisr | 5 asir2 | sasa7 6072 | 70827 | 250 10732 | esos | Seis | 2saa6 | s6ia7 tenis | 6si9 | 3.00 vo7rss | 0.5283 | sx95 | 25469 | seca | 2148.1 17275 | sas | 350 400 1083 | 04625 | 604.31 | 25536 | 604.74 | 21338 | 1.7766 | 68959 | 4.00 450 si | osiao | 62225 | 2ssr6 | 62828} 21207 | Lazar | 6as6s | 450 300 toms | ogra | @a9.6n | 25612.) 6i0.29 | 21085 136 | 68212} 590 11006 | 0.3187 | e9.90 | 5678 |. 97036 | 2086.3. 1.9312 |'67600 | 6.00 iia | 3% | oxeas [25725 | o97.22 |. 20063 | 2 1.9822 | 67080 | 700 ‘Hag | opane | ra022 | 28768 | rat | 20n88 | 20462 | 66628 | 8.00 ting} o2is0 | 747.93 | aswos | raaias' |) a0at zoom6. | 66226 | - 900 | tiara | ose | 6108 | assne | 75281} 201583 21387 | 65863 | 100 hiss | outs | sazto | aso4s | wasgs | 1973 23180 | Gauss ) 15.0 11767 | 0.09963 | 906.44 | 26003 | 90879 | 19907 aura | ¢3409 | 200 ists | osmoee | 950.1 | 2st) Sozti | taéi@ | 2mont | 2ssi7 | gasrs | asa 12165 | 0.6668 | roogs | 264.4 | tonsa | ¥798.7 | 28062 | 26487 | 61869 | 30.0 oso | ross | 2603.7 | s04.8 | 17837 | a90s4 | a0 oeo7s | sos2.3 | 26023 | 0878 | miei | oboe 00 | eouos | tir62 | 2600 | t1219 | 676 | 2989 450 | ox | ars | asen | i542 | rosa | 27943 500 | ooszas | 12054 | 25807 | rais4 | isto | ze43 | | oto o4a7a7 | 12576 | 25803 | 2620 | 50s. | 2772.1 mao 0.02382 | 13086 | 25608 | 13166 | Lists | 27580 0 | | ozo | 13508 | assrs | s36na | is7e9 | 2742.1 0.) | ooisos | 1393.0 | 2sasa | sore | siz | 247 | 33596 | Setsi | 100 ! ooisee | 143.7 | 2528s | s4snt | 1288.5 | 2ms6 | 39s | Sssz7 | 1a Page Hof (© The University of Trinidad & Tobago Sanuney:Apri 2013 Fal Exeminaions reRMIO01)