MC LC

Li cm n......................................................................................................................2
Li cam oan..................................................................................................................3
M u .........................................................................................................................4
Ni dung
Chng 1. C s l lun v thc tin
1. Dy l giang...............................................................................................6
2. L cy c nc.............................................................................................7
3. L chua me t hoa vng.........................................................................8
4. L rau m m...........................................................................................9
5. L rau ng.................................................................................................10
6. L ci xay..................................................................................................11
7. L thuc du.............................................................................................12
8. Ht u nc...............................................................................................13
9. L cy c gu.............................................................................................14
10.R cy gai..................................................................................................16
Chng 2. Cch bo ch bi thuc v phng php cha tr nc rn
1. Bi thuc t tho dc ti.....................................................................18
2. Cch ch bin tho dc thnh cao........................................................18
Chng 3. Kho st thc t...............................................................................19
Kt lun v kin ngh.....................................................................................................22
Ti liu tham kho.........................................................................................................23

Trang 1

LI CM N
Trong sut qu trnh thc hin ti ny, chng em lun nhn c s ng vin,
ch bo v hng dn tn tnh t gia nh, gio vin ch nhim v cc gio vin b
mn trng THPT Trn Quc Ton v cc bn cng lp, chng em xin cm n!
Chng em rt cm n c Cao i Ly nhit tnh hng dn cc bc nghin cu,
cc phng php lun v xin c t lng bit n ngi b ca chng em, l ngi
hnh thnh cho chng em tng cng nh cc bc thc nghim thc hin ti
nghin cu ny.
Cui cng, chng em xin gi li cm n n cc qu ng b, c bc, anh ch v
cc em, nhng ngi hp tc cng chng em trong sut qu trnh cha tr hon
thnh cc bc thc nghim ca ti.
Xin chn thnh cm n!
Eakar, ngy 15 thng 12 nm 2015
Nhm tc gi thc hin

Trnh c Ngc

Trang 2

L nh Quc Huy

LI CAM OAN
Chng em xin cam oan, tng thc hin ti ny l ca chng em, c
hnh thnh t sut qu trnh quan st v tm hiu cc cha tr rn c cn b truyn ca
gia nh. Cc tn gi thm c chng em tm hiu thm trong gin dan v mt s ti
liu v ng y. Tn khoa hc, thnh phn khoa hc v cc tc dng tr cc bnh khc
theo ng y l do chng em tm hiu, tham kho trn cc ti liu hin c.
V thi gian hn hp cng nh kin thc v s hiu bit v ng y hc cn
hn ch, nn cng trnh nghin cu ny ca chng em cn rt nhiu thiu st, rt
mong c s ch bo v gp t hi ng gim kho.
V cui cng, chng em xin chu hon ton trch nhim trc nh trng v
ban t chc cuc thi Sng To Khoa Hc K Thut S Gio Dc Tnh k Lk v
li cam oan ny.
Eakar, ngy 15 thng 12 nm 2015
Nhm tc gi thc hin

Trnh c Ngc

Trang 3

L nh Quc Huy

M U
1. L do chn ti
Nc c rn l hn hp phc tp ca cc protein, c lu tr trong cc tuyn
c pha sau u. Cc protein ny c th l hn hp cca cc c t thn kinh (tn
cng vo h thn kinh ca con mi); c t hoi mu (tn cng vo h tun hon ca
con mi); c t t bo v nhiu loi c t khc c tc ng ti c th con mi theo
cc cch thc khc nhau. Loi cht c v tc st thng c hnh thnh ph hp
vi i sng ca tng loi rn.
tt c cc loi rn c nc, cc tuyn ny thng qua cc ng dn vo cc rng
rng hay rng c kha hm trn. Gn nh tt c cc loi nc rn u cha
hyaluronidaza, mt enzym bo m s khuych tn nhanh ca nc. Cc loi rn c
s dng c t hoi mu (hemotoxin) thng c cc rng nc pha trc ming
chng, gip chng d dng hn trong vic tim nc vo nn nhn ca chng. y l
mt loi v kh tn cng hay phng v hu hiu ca loi rn c tin ha trong nhiu
triu nm qua. Nc c ca rn l mt loi v kh cht ngi, c hnh thnh
trong khong thi gian trn 100 triu nm. Nc rn cp i sinh mng ca hng chc
nghn ngi mi nm.
Thi gian qua, hin tng rn lc ui lin tc xut hin v cn ngi nhiu
ni trn khp nc ta, khin ngi dn hoang mang, lo s. Nhiu nht l cc vng ho
lnh, khu dn c khng tp trung, xa bnh vin hoc trm y t dn n khng t
trng hp nn nhn b rn cn khi a n bnh vin cp cu th mun.
gp phn khc phc bt nhng ri ro do b rn cn gy ra, ti tn dng,
tim hiu v nghin cu mt s phng php b truyn ca ngi dn tc Mng
da trn ni dung ca ti: Cch cha tr nc c rn xanh bng l thuc Nam ca
ngi dn tc Mng.
2. Mc ch nghin cu

Trang 4

Vi ti ny, chng ti s tin hnh tm kim cc loi tho dc thng thy

trong vn nh bo ch ra bi thuc cha nc c rn, c bit l rn lc, loi rn
hay xut hin trong vn nh.
3. Phng php nghin cu
a. Nghin cu l lun: Tm kim cc ngun ti liu, nghin cu l thuyt bao
gm phn tch, tng hp. nhm nghin cu c s l lun ca ti.
b. Nghin cu thc tin: Thc nghim vi nhng ngi b rn cn.
4. Phm vi p dng
Ch yu dng tho dc d tm, c sn ti ni c tr.
5. Gi thuyt khoa hc
Nu d n kh thi, s ph bin cho nhiu ngi bit, nhiu ngi s dng
c khc phc tm thi v cha tr khn cp cho nhng ngi b rn c cn.

Trang 5

NI DUNG
Chng 1. C S L LUN V THC TIN
Gii thiu mt s loi tho dc d tm thy trong vn nh, thnh phn khoa
hc v mt s tnh nng cha bnh theo ng y ca cc loi tho dc ny
1. Dy l giang
a. Cc tn thng gi: Cy l giang c tn khoa hc l Aganonerion
polymorphum, thuc h La b ma (Apocynaceae) cn c gi l cy giang chua,
dy dang hay l chu-mon (ting Mng).
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Thnh phn l cy l giang c dc tnh cao, cht
saponin trong l giang c tnh khng sinh vi cc chng khun Salmonella typhi v
Klebsiella.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: Theo y hc c truyn, l giang c v chua
tnh mt, tc dng thanh nhit, khai v, tiu vim, li niu, gii kht, gim au.
d. B phn s dng: Cy l giang mc hoang di, h dy leo c m trng, l n
hnh trng, mc i, c v chua. Hoa mc thnh chm, mu hng nht, nm cnh u
nhau; i hoa c hnh ng, trng hnh chung, nm nh ngn, nhiu non; qu c hai
ai; ht c lng nh. L giang cn c ch bin vi g thnh canh l mt mn n
ngon v b dng. B phn thng dng lm thuc l l.
2. L c nc
a. Cc tn thng gi: Cy c nc hay cn gi l cy li rn, n phng, x
thit tho
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Cy c nc c cha cht corymbosin, scandosid,
asperulosid, asperglavcid, acid geniposidic v mt s cht khc.
c. Tc dng chac bnh theo ng y: Theo ng y, cy li rn c tc dng
thanh nhit gii c, dng cha rn cn, st rt.
d. B phn s dng ca cy: B phn dng lm thuc l ton cy, thu hi ch
yu vo ma h thu khi c hoa.
Trang 6

e. Cch iu tr ring khi b rn cn: Khi b rn cn lp tc garo pha trn vt

cn nc khi lan theo h tun hon, dng si tc ko cng gt qua li trn b mt
vt cn bt phn ng nc cn cn vo da tht, ht mu c, sau ly mt nm cy
c nc ra sch, nhai nut ly nc, b cn li cho ln vt cn. Sau 5 pht c th b
garo. Sau 2 n 3 gi ung li nc sc cy c nc mt ln.
3. L chua me t hoa vng
a. Cc tn thng gi: L chua me t hoa vng, c tn khoa hc l Oxalis
corniculata, cn gi l chua me ba cha, tc thng tho, toan thng tho hay sm
hm (ting Ty), l loi chua me t hay gp nht nc ta. y l mt loi c mc
lan b trn mt t, thng gp nhng ni m t nh b rung, ng c hoang
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Tn khoa hc ca chua me t hoa vng l Oxalis
corniculata L. Trong l v thn chua me t c acid oxalic, mui oxalat kali. Ngi
ta tnh c theo mg%: P 125: carotene 8,41; B1 0,25; vitamin C 48. Ton cy cha
nhiu mui kali oxalat, acid oxalic. L cha vitamin C 125 mg/100 g, cc axit
tartaric, axit citric, axit malic v mt lng kh ln oxalat kali 12%, oxalat canxi
5,6%, so vi nguyn liu kh.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y:
Theo ng y, chua me t hoa vng c v chua (do trong thnh phn cy c
cha axit oxalic v mui kali oxalat vi hm lng cao), tnh hn; c tc dng tn
huyt, tiu thng, thanh nhit, gii c; c th c dng cha cc bnh tn
thng do vim lot, bng, mn nht.
Lu , vi nhng ngi c tin s bnh si thn khng nn n hay ung nhiu
thnh phn ca chua me t do mui oxalat c th gy tch t trong bng quang m
to nhiu si hn
d. B phn s dng ca cy: Chua me t hoa vng c thn mnh, thng c
mu nht, thn c lng, l c cung di, thng mang ba l mng hnh tim, hoa

Trang 7

mc thnh tn gm hai n ba hoa, c khi bn hoa mu vng. C th s dng ton

cy.
4. L rau m m
a. Cc tn thng gi: Rau m m (tn khoa hc Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides
Lam), thng c gi l Thin h tuy, thuc h hoa tn (Apiaceae). Rau m m l
loi c nhit i mc hoang nhng ni m thp, c th thu hi quanh nm.
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Thnh phn ha hc ca rau m m c cc loi phenol,
amino axit, cumarin.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: Theo ng y, rau m m c v ngt v
ng, hi cay, tnh bnh; c tc dng thanh nhit gii c, ch khi, li niu, tn kt
tiu thng; thng c dng tr vim gan vng da, ho, vim hng, vim kt mc,
bnh zona, mn nht, bnh ngoi da, rm sy, mn nga.
d. B phn s dng ca cy: L rau m m ging nh l rau m nhng c kch
thc nh hn, mt trn nhn bng ging nh c bi mt lp m, hi trn, mp
kha rng khng u; thn mc b, mang r cc mu; cm hoa hnh tn mc nch
l, mang 3-8 hoa nh mu trng, l v cm hoa u c cung di, qu dt hoc c
lng rt nh. C th s dng ton cy.
5. L rau ng
a. Cc tn thng gi: Rau ng (tn khoa hc l Enydra fluctuans Lour) thuc
h cc (Asteraceae), cn gi l ng tru, ng ng, ng t. Rau ng thng mc
theo a ao, b rung, rung rau mung v l cy d trng ch cn dm xung t l
c th t pht trin.
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Thnh phn ha hc gm Stigmasterol, Enhydrin,
Octacosanol, Axit kaur-16-en-19-oic (y l mt axit diterpenic, c hot tnh khng
khun mnh).

Trang 8

c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: Theo y hc dn gian, rau ng c v chua,

hi the, mi thm, tnh mt; c tc dng thng mt, gin c, chng co tht, li tiu
ngoi ra thng c dng cha tr rn cn.
d. Cc b phn s dng ca cy: Rau ng c l n khng cung, mc i hoc
mc vng ba, c khi nm l, mp l hi c rng ca tha. Hoa n mc nch l. C
th s dng ton cy.
e. Cch iu tr ring khi b rn cn: C th cha tr cho ngi b rn cn t rau
ng bng cch gi nt rau ng ti, cht ly nc ung cn li b p ln vt thng
(4 n 5 ngy lin tc).

6. L ci xay
a. Cc tn thng gi: Cy ci xay (tn khoa hc l Abutilon indicum (L.))
thuc h Bng (Malvaceae), hay cn gi l Nh hng tho, Kim hoa tho. Cy mc
hoang v c trng nhiu ni trong nc ta. Vo ma h, em v, gi sch bi, ct
thnh nhng on theo kch thc quy nh, phi hoc sy kh.
b. Thnh phn khoa hc:
-

L cha nhiu cht nhy Aspagarin

Cy cha tinh du vi cc thnh phn l b-pinen, Caryophyllen oxit, Cineol,

Geraniol, Geranyl axetat, Alemen, Eudesmol, Farnesol, Borneol.

-

Ht cha Raffinose 1,6% v du na kh 4,21% gm ch yu l Glycerid ca

cc axit linoleic, oleic, palmitic, stearic. R cha du bo, b- sitosterol, b-amyrin

v mt alcaloid cha xc nh.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: Theo ng y, cy ci xay c v hi ngt,
tnh bnh; tc dng tn phong, thanh nhit gii c, hot huyt long m, li tiu;
thng c dng iu tr cm mo phong nhit, st, tiu but, ph thng, l nga, d
ng
d. B phn s dng ca cy: Cy nh sng hng nm hoc lu nm, mc thnh
bi, cao t 1 n 2 mt, c lng mm trn ton thn v cc b phn ca cy; l mc so
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le, hnh tim, c mp kha rng; hoa vng mc nch l, c cung di bng cung l;
qu gm ti 20 l non dnh nhau nh ci xay la; ht hnh thn, nhn, mu en nht.
C th s dng phn pha trn mt t (Herba Abutili indici), r, ht.
7. L thuc du
a. Cc tn thng gi: Cy thuc du (c tn khoa hc l Pedilanthus
tithymaloides (L.).Poit) c ni gi l thuc giu hay ngi rt, thuc h thu du
(Euphorbiaceae). Cy cao n mt mt, c nha m trng; cnh vn vo, mc thng
ng; l hnh trng, mc so le thnh hai dy rt u; hoa mu , mc ngn thn.
Cy ra hoa thng 3 n 5 v thng 8 n 9.
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: R, thn v l cy cha c t c gi l euphorbol
(mt terpene phc hp) v cc diterpen ester khc. y l nhng cht gy ung th.
L v thn cy cng cha beta- sitosterol, cycloartenon, octacosanol v oxime, l
nhng cht c dc tnh da trn c tnh ca chng.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: Cy thuc du c v chua hi cht, tnh hn,
c c; tc dng thanh nhit gii c, tn tiu thng, ch huyt sinh c; r cy c tc
dng hi nn. Cy thuc du thng c dng tr n ng tn thng, ngoi thng
xut huyt, mn nht l nga, vim kt mc mt. L thng dng ti gi p hoc
ly m ti p vt thng. dng ung trong, hm l trong nc si. cha inh
nht v vim m da, vt thng chy mu, gi cy ti dng rt ngoi. tr rn
cn, gi cy ti vi mt t mui v p vo vt thng.Ti n , nha (m) cc
phn xanh ca cy thng c dng p ln mn cc. Malaixia th nha cy c
dng p vo da tr bnh bch bin v dng tr khi b b cp, rt cn.
d. B phn s dng ca cy: Cy thuc du nguyn sn o Antilles (Trung
M) c nhp trng lm cy cnh, lm hng ro. C nhiu phn loi khc nhau bi
thn, l c lng mn hay khng lng, l hp hay l rng; c mt th gi l Cm thch
(var. variegatus Hort.) c l vi bt xanh, hng v trng nh v bng mu nc,
thng c trng. Ngi ta thu hi ton cy, l quanh nm, thng dng ti.
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8. Ht u nc
a. Cc tn thng gi: Ht u nc hay thng c gi l u ht nc, cn
c gi vi tn l ht u mo hay ht u Lo.
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: (Cha r).
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: Theo kinh nghim ca nhng ngi
chuyn i sn rn c m chng ti tm hiu c th ht u nc c tc dng dt nc
c khi b rn cn.
d. B phn s sng: Ht.
e. Cc s dng khi b rn cn: Ch lm i hoc lm ba ht u nc ra, ly kim
chch vo vt thng rn cn cho mu phun ra, sau ly ht u nc ch p ln.
Nu ng l b rn c cn th ht u s dnh vo vt thng, n khi lng nc c
b ht gim xung th ht u s t nh ra.
9. Cy c gu
a. Cc tn thng gi: Cy c gu c tn khoa hc l Cyperus rotundus L. Thuc
h ci Cyperaccae. Cn c gi l c gu hay c c. V hng ph l thn rRhizoma Cyperi phi hay sy kh ca cy c gu hay c gu Cyperus stoloniferus
Retz mc nhiu bi ct gn bin.
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Mt s hot cht c nhn bit trong ton cy c
gu gm: -cyperon, -selinen, cyperen, cyperotundon, patchoulenon, sugeonol,
kobuson v isokobuson, l cc hot cht c th gii thch cho cng dng trong y hc
dn gian mt cch khoa hc.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y:
C gu l loi c kh tiu dit vi ngi lm nng, c tc hi n vic trng
cy nng nghip nn c xem l thnh phn c di. Tuy nhin, nu bit x l th c
th ch bin ra c mt loi thuc qu m ng y thng hay gi l hng ph.
ng y c cu nam bt thiu trn b, n bt ly hng ph ni cha bnh cho nam
Trang 11

gii khng th thiu v trn b v n gii khng th khng dng hng v c gu.
Theo ng y, hng ph c v cay, hi ng v ngt. V nghin cu v dc l ca
ng y cng cho thy hng ph c tc dng c ch s co bp ca t cung, l kh,
gii utthng dng cho ph n trc v sau khi sinh.
d. B phn s dng: Ging nh nhiu loi cy khc trong h ci Cyperaceae, l
c gu mc thnh nhiu tng, gm ba l mi tng t gc cy. on thn mang hoa c
tit din hnh tam gic, hoa lng tnh c ba nh v mt l non vi ba u nhy. Qu
dng qu b ba gc. H r ca cy c gu non ban u hnh thnh t cc thn r mu
trng, mt s mc ngc ln, mt s chui xung di to c mu nu sm hoc
chui cc c mu nu sm. B phn s dng lm thuc ch yu l c hoc l.
10. R cy gai
a. Cc tn thng gi: Cy gai c tn khoa hc l Boehmeria Nivea (L) Gaud,
thuc h Gai (Urticaceae), l loi cy bn a ca ng .
b. Thnh phn khoa hc: Ton cy c axit cyanhydric. R cha flavonoid
rutin. Ht c du bo v nhiu axit t do.
c. Tc dng cha bnh theo ng y: ng y cho rng cy gai c v ngt ng,
tnh mt, i vo hai kinh tm, thn; thng c dng tr cc v ng tiu. R cy
gai c gi l tr ma cn, c v ng, tnh hi hn, quy kinh tm, thn; tc dng
thanh nhit gii c, tn , thng lm, an thai.
d. B phn s dng: Cy gai rng thng mc hoang, c th trng bng gc
hoc dm cnh vo ma xun, sng lu nm, c th cao t 1,5 n 2m. L ln, mc so
le, c hnh tim, mp c rng ca. L v r cy u c dng lm thuc.

Trang 12

CHNG 2. CCH BO CH BI THUC V PHNG PHP TR

NC RN
1. Bi thuc t tho dc ti
- Su tm cc loi tho dc, r cy, u nc nh trnh by chng 1.
- Gom ht cc loi tho dc li ra sch vt ro nc b vo ci gi, gi nh
vt l b vo mt ming vi vt ly mt ly nh nc (ly khng vt ht nc) cho
ngi b cn ung.
- Ht u nc ct i vo vt cn n khi ht u t nh ra th dng.
2. Cc ch bin t tho dc thnh cao
Bc 1: B l vo nu trong 6 gi.
Bc 2: Lc ly nc v b b i.
Bc 3: Tip tc nu nc cho n khi cn dn (un nh la)
Bc 4: Cch s dng cao
-

Ha ra nc ung 1 phn bng ht ng hoc u ngn tay

Tip tc ly mt phn p di ming vt thng ( lu p h ming )

(Cao c nu t cc loi tho dc trn)

Lu : Ngi bnh nn ly nc nng chm pha trn vt thng.
Trang 13

CHNG 3. KHO ST THC T

V hn ch v thi gian kho st, chng em xin nu ra mt s t nn nhn b rn
cn c cha tr theo bi thuc trn
1. Bc Nguyn Vn Trung
- Sinh ngy 02/02/1964 Gii tnh: Nam
- Ni c tr: Thn 10 x C Ni huyn Eakar Tnh k Lk
- S in thoi: 01687136678

- Ngy b rn cn: 2/6/2015

- Loi rn: rn xanh (rn lc).
- Triu chng sau khi b cn: Vt thng sng ty, au nhc kh chu.
- S cu ban u: Trc tin, nn b bt mu nhim c, sau tin hnh ct
cht bng gt y t v qun bng keo y t ngn chn nc c lan ra cc v tr khc.
- Thi gian t lc b rn cn n lc bt u cha tr: khong hn 30 pht.
- Cc bc cha tr: Tin hnh tho gc y t, l ly rng rn ra. Sau p l
thuc gi sn ln vt thng v c nh vt thng. Cng lc cho bnh nhn ung
nc vt ra t l thuc.

Trang 14

- Thi gian triu chng thuyn gim v vt thng lnh: Trong vng mt
m qua n ngy hm sau thy vt thng lc b cn xp dn v bt au nhc, sau ba
ngy th gn nh lnh hn.
- Triu chng pht sinh trong qu trnh cha tr: Khng c.

(Vt so sau khi c cha tr trn tay ca bc Nguyn Vn Trung)

2. C Phm Th Hu
- Sinh ngy 21/9/2971 Gii tnh: N
- Ni c tr: Khi 12 th trn Eak np huyn Eakar Tnh k Lk
- S in thoi: 016342494422

Trang 15

- Ngy b rn cn: 24/8/2015

- Loi rn: Rn xanh (rn lc).
- Triu chng sau khi b cn: Vt thng sng ty, au nhc kh chu.
- S cu ban u: Trc tin, nn b bt mu nhim c, sau tin hnh ct
cht bng gt y t v qun bng keo y t ngn chn nc c lan ra cc v tr khc.
- Thi gian t lc b rn cn n lc bt u cha tr: khong hn 20 pht.
- Cc bc cha tr: Tin hnh tho gc y t, l ly rng rn ra. Sau p l
thuc gi sn ln vt thng v c nh vt thng. Cng lc cho bnh nhn ung
nc vt ra t l thuc.
- Thi gian triu chng thuyn gim v vt thng lnh: Trong vng hai
ngy vt thng gim sng ty v bt nhi au, sau ba ngy th khi hn.
- Triu chng pht sinh trong qu trnh cha tr: Khng c.

(Vt so do rn cn li trn chn c Hu)

Trang 16

KT LUN V KIN NGH

-

tng c pht sinh trong khi chng em quan st cch ngi Mng tr

rn c cn nn tm ti, nghin cu v mong mun c ph bin hn cho nhiu

ngi c th s dng.
-

Chng em tip tc tm hiu v nghin cu k hn a ra cc phng php

y v hiu qu hn trong thi gian ti.

Trang 17

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. http://khoahoc.tv/noc-ran-vu-khi-toi-uu-cua-tu-nhien-19568
2. http://www.tienphong.vn/xa-hoi/nan-ran-luc-duoi-do-cach-giai-noc-doc-bang-thuocdan-gian-797860.tpo
3. http://suckhoedoisong.vn/thuoc-hay-tu-cay-luoi-ran-n5124.html
4. http://www.phununet.com/WikiPhununet/ChiTietWiki.aspx?StoreID=9984
5. http://www.vjol.info/index.php/sphcm/article/view/15202
6. http://vanxuanpharma.com.vn/cam-nang-y-hoc/nhung-cay-thuoc-a-vi-thuoc-vietnam/38-cay-huong-phu-co-gau.html
7. http://nongnghiep.vn/cay-gai-thuoc-an-thai-post115471.html
8. http://kienthuc.net.vn/khoe-a-z/la-giang-vua-ngon-mieng-vua-chua-nhieu-benh483162.html

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