thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.

2013

DIN N BOXMATH

THI TH I HC MN HA HC
LN 1, NM 2012-2013
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht
( thi gm 50 cu)

www.boxmath.vn

M thi: BM.1.13
thi c cng b trn din n vo lc 20h. Cc thnh vin c th gi bi lm ca mnh c
chm im trc 23h59 cng ngy bng cch in p n vo mu sau: http://bit.ly/Rkn0mH
Boxmath s m ch tho lun cc cu hi trong thi sau khi thi hn gi bi kt thc.
p n chi tit s c cng b trong tun k tip.
P N CHNH THC
Cu 1. Cho chui phn ng sau, bit A l 1 anhit a chc, mch thng v Y l ancol bc II:
+ H 2 O; H +
+ O2 , xt
+X
+Y
C4H6O2 (A)
B+X+Y
C4H6O4 (B)
C7H12O4
C10H18O4
H SO
H SO
2

Tn gi ca X l
A. propenol.

B. propinol.

C. propan-2-ol.

D. propan-1-ol.

Gii
A: OHC-CH2-CH2-CHO
Cc phn ng
Mn 2+
OHCCH2CH2CHO + 2[O]
HOOCCH2CH2COOH (B)
0

H 2SO 4 , t
HOOCCH2CH2COOH + CH3CH2CH2OH
C3H7OOCCH2CH2COOH + H2O
0

H 2SO 4 , t
C3H7OOCCH2CH2-COOH + (CH3)2CHOH
C3H7OOCCH2CH2COOCH(CH3)2 + H2O
0

H 2SO 4 , t
C3H7OOCCH2CH2COOCH(CH3)2 + H2O
HOOCCH2CH2COOH + CH3CH2CH2OH (X) +
(CH3)2CHOH (Y)

Cu 2. Cho 2,0 gam bt Fe vo 100 ml dung dch X cha H2SO4 0,1M; CuSO4 0,15M; Fe(NO3)3 0,1M thu
c dung dch Y; hn hp rn Z v kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht). C cn dung dch Y thu c m gam
rn khan. Gi tr m l.
A. 8,15 gam
B. 6,65 gam
C. 9,20 gam
D. 6,05 gam
Gii
Ta c: nH2SO4 = 0,01mol ; nCuSO4 = 0,015mol ; nFe(NO3)3 = 0,01mol
nH+ = 0,02mol ; nCu2+ = 0,015mol; nFe3+ = 0,01mol ; nNO3- = 0,03mol ; nSO42- = 0,025mol
Hn hp rn Z cha Cu v Fe cn d nn dung dch Y ch cha mui Fe2+ ng thi H+ phi ht. ng thi,
NO l spk duy nht nn phn ng khng to ra kh H2.
NO3- + 4H+ NO + 2H2O
Mol:

0,02

0,005

nNO3- trong Y = 0,03 0,005 = 0,025mol

Dung dch cha: FeSO4 (0,025mol) ; Fe(NO3)2 (0,0125mol)
m = 0,025 152 + 0,0125 180 = 6,05 gam
Cu 3. S tetrapeptit to t 3 a-aminoaxit: Alanin; Glyxin v Valin l.
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

A. 30

B. 32

C. 36

D. 34

Gii
Tetrapeptit c to t:
4!
= 12
2
4!
+ 1Ala-2Gly-1Val s tetrapeptit l = 12
2
4!
+ 1Ala-1Gly-2Val s tetrapeptit l = 12
2

+ 2Ala-1Gly-1Val s tetrapeptit l

Tng s tetrapeptit to t 3 a-aminoaxit: Alanin; Glyxin v Valin l 36.

Cu 4. Tng s ht mang in ca 3 nguyn t nguyn t X, Y, Z ln lt l: 26, 38, 40. Tnh baz gim
dn ca cc hydroxyt X, Y, Z l.
A. X > Y > Z
B. Y > Z > X
C. Z > Y > X
D. Z > X > Y
Gii.
PX = 13 ; PY = 19; PZ = 20 X; Y; Z ln lt l: Al; K; Ca Cc hydroxyt l: Al(OH)3 ; KOH ; Ca(OH)2
Ta c KOH > Ca(OH)2 > Al(OH)3. Chn p n B.
Cu 5. Bit rng supe photphat kp c iu ch t qung photphoric qua 2 giai on:
Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2SO4 2H3PO4 + 3CaSO4
Ca3(PO4)2 + 4H3PO4 3Ca(H2PO4)2
T bao nhiu tn qung photphoric cha 12% tp cht tr iu ch ra 10 tn supe photphat kp c
dinh dng 46,8%. Gi s cc tp cht tr khng cha thnh phn photpho v hiu sut phn ng u t
100%.
A. 82,16 tn
B. 84,15 tn
C. 85,14 tn
D. 87,12 tn
Do ch quan trong khu bin tp nn bi tp ny b nhm ln s liu. p s chnh xc l 11,625 tn.
Mong cc bn thng cm
Cu 6. X l hn hp gm axit cacboxylic n chc A, ancol n chc B v este D to bi A, B. Cho 0,25
mol X tc dng va dung dch cha 0,18 mol KOH un nng, sau c cn c m gam ancol B v 19,8
gam mui khan. Oxi ha ht m gam B thnh andehit, ton b lng andehit ny tc dng vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3 c 64,8 gam Ag. Khi lng X dng l
A. 16,20 gam
B. 20,16 gam
C. 16,60 gam
D. 16,32 gam
Gii. nAg = 0,6mol. Ta c 0,6/2 = 0,3 > 0,25 B phi l ancol CH3OH nB = 0,15mol
nancol B ban u = 0,25 0,18 = 0,07mol nancol B sinh ra = 0,08mol nD = 0,08mol nA = 0,1mol
nH2O do A sinh ra = 0,1mol
p dng LBTKL: mX + 10,08 = 19,8 + 1,8 + 4,8 mX = 16,32 gam
Cu 7. Hn hp E cha 2 ancol X, Y (MX < MY) no, n chc, mch h c t l mol tng ng 2 : 1. Ly
0,09 mol hn hp E chia lm 2 phn bng nhau:
+ Oxi ha hon ton phn I thu c andehit tng ng. Ton b lng andehit sinh ra tc dng vi lng
d AgNO3 trong NH3 (d) thu c 16,2 gam Ag.
+ un phn II c mt H2SO4 c 1700C thu c hn hp kh v hi. Hn hp ny lm mt mu va
100 ml dung dch KMnO4 aM. Gi tr ca a l.
A. 0,1M
B. 0,15M
C. 0,2M
D. 0,3M
Gii. Xt mi phn, ta c nE = 0,045mol ; nAg = 0,15mol X l CH3OH
Ta c h phng trnh: a + b = 0,045 v 4a + 2b = 0,15 a = 0,03 ; b = 0,015 (vi a, b ln lt l s mol 2 ancol
X, Y)
Khi tch H2O ch c B to thnh olefin
3CnH2n + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O 2HO-CnH2n-OH + 2MnO2 + 2KOH
nKMnO4 = 0,01mol a = 0,1 (M)
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

Cu 8. Thc hin cc th nghim sau:

(1) Cho Fe vo dung dch HCl.
(3) Cho Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d.
(5) Cho Fe(OH)2 vo dung dch HNO3 long, d.
S th nghim to ra mui st (II) l.
A. 3
B. 4

(2) t dy st trong hi brom.

(4) Ha tan Fe2O3 (dng bt) vo dung dch HI
(6) Cho FeCO3 vo dung dch H2SO4 long d.
C. 5

D. 6

Gii. Cc phn ng (1)(2)(4)(6)

(V phn ng (2), Fe phn ng vi Br c th to mui FeBr3. Nhng trn 200 oC, FeBr3 khng bn v b
phn hy thnh FeBr2. Do sn phm th nghim (2) c th coi l hn hp ca FeBr2 v FeBr3; tc l (2)
vn to ra mui st II.)
Cu 9. Cho hn hp X gm glixerol v mt ru n chc Y. Cho 16,98 gam hn hp X tc dng Na d
thu 4,704 lt kh H2 (ktc). Mt khc 1,132 gam hn hp X ha tan va ht 0,294 gam Cu(OH)2. Cng thc
phn t ca Y l.
A. C2H6O
B. C3H8O
C. C4H8O
D. C3H6O
Gii.
nCu(OH)2 = 0,003mol nglyxerol = 0,006mol
nglyxerol trong 16,98 gam = 0,09mol nH2 sinh ra = 0,135mol nY = 0,15mol
Y = 58 Y: C3H6O
Cu 10. un m (gam) hn hp cha etyl isobutirat, axit 2-metyl propanoic, metyl butanoat cn dng 120
gam dung dch NaOH 6,0% v KOH 11,2%. C cn cn thn dung dch sau phn ng thu c a gam hn
hp hi cc cht. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp hi thu c 114,84 gam nc. Gi tr m l.
A. 43,12gam
B. 44,24gam
C. 42,56 gam
D. 41,72 gam
Gii.
Cch u
etyl isobutirat: CH3CH(CH3)COOC2H5
axit 2-metyl propanoic: CH3CH(CH3)COOH
metyl butanoat: CH3-CH2-CH2COOCH3
Mui thu c sau phn ng l C3H7COOK hoc C3H7COONa
nNaOH = 0,18mol ; nKOH = 0,24mol Khi lng nc trong dung dch baz: mH2O (1) = 99,36gam.
Suy ra khi lng nc sinh ra t p chy: mH2O (2) = 15,48gam nH2O = 0,86mol
Ta c: nC2H5OH + nH2O + nCH3OH = nKOH + NaOH = 0,42mol nC3H7COO = 0,42mol mmui = mK + mNa +
mC3H7COO = 50,04gam.
Ta cng tnh c: nCO2 = nH2O (nC2H5OH + nH2O + nCH3OH) = 0,86 0,42 = 0,44mol a = 0,44 12 +
0,86 2 + 0,42 16 = 13,72gam
Suy ra: m = 50,04 + 13,72 20,64 = 43,12gam
Cch v (cr794)
Gi a ,b ,c ln lt l s mol ca etyl isobutirat, axit 2-metyl propanoic, metyl butanoat trong hn hp X .
Ta c nNaOH =0,18 mol , nKOH = 0, 24mol , suy ra : a + b + c = 0,18 + 0, 24 = 0, 42mol (1) , suy ra s mol O
trong hn hp este v axit ban u: nO = 0,84 .
Khi lng nc trong dung dch kim l: mH 2O = 120 - 0,18.40 + 0, 24.56 = 99,36 .
Khi t chy hn hp X c nCO2 = 6a + 4b + 5c = nH 2O .
Hn hp hi gm a molC2 H 5OH , b mol H 2O , c mol CH 3OH .
Khi t chy ta c nH 2O = 2a + b + c = (114,84 - 99,36) / 18 = 0,86 (2).
Ly (1) nhn 3 ri cng vi (2) ta c 6a + 4b + 5c = 0, 42.3 + 0,86 = 2,12 = nCO2 .
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

T mX = mC + mH + mO = 12.2,12 + 2.2,12 + 16.0,84 = 43,12

Chn A.
Cu 11. Hn hp X gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi hiro l 4,25. Dn hn hp X qua xc tc un nng
thc hin phn ng tng hp hiu sut phn ng l 28% thu c hn hp kh Y. Phn trm th tch N2
trong hn hp Y l.
A. 62,79%
B. 20,93%
C. 21,59%
D. 21,43%
Gii. Xt 1 mol hn hp X mX = 8,5.
Dng pp ng cho nN2 = 0,25mol ; nH2 = 0,75mol
nN2 p = 0,07mol nNH3 = 0,14mol nY = 1 0,14 = 0,86mol
% N2 (Y) =

(0, 25 - 0,07) 100

= 20,93%
0,86

Cu 12. Cho cc dy chuyn ha:

+ NaOH
+ HCl
(1) alanin
A
X
X v Y ln lt l:
A. ClH3NCH2CH2COOH v CH3CH(NH3Cl)COONa
B. CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH v NH2CH2CH2COONa
C. CH3CH(NH3Cl)COOH v CH3CH(NH2)COONa
D. ClH3NCH2CH2COOH v CH3CH(NH2)COONa

(2) alanin

+ HCl

+ NaOH

Cu 13. Hn hp X gm Al v Cr2O3. Nung 52,35 gam X trong iu kin khng c khng kh mt thi gian
thu c hn hp Y. Chia Y lm 2 phn bng nhau.
+ Phn I cho vo dung dch NaOH long, d thy c 20,4 gam cht rn khng tan v thu c 0,84 lt kh
(ktc).
+ Phn II tc dng dung dch HCl d, un nng thu c V lt kh H2 (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l.
A. 2,8 lt
B. 3,08 lt
C. 5,04 lt
D. 3,92 lt
Gii.
Ta c: nH2 = 0,0375mol nAl d = 0,025mol
Khi lng rn khng tan: mCr + mCr2O3 = 20,4gam. BTKL ta c: mAl2O3 = 26,175 20,4 0,025 27 =
5,1gam nAl2O3 = 0,05mol
Mol:

2Al + Cr2O3 Al2O3 + 2Cr

0,05
0,1
+
3+
Al + 3H Al + 3/2H2

Cr + 2H+ Cr2+ + H2
Mol: 0,1
0,1
nH2 = 0,0375 + 0,1 = 0,1375mol V = 3,08 lt.
Cu 14. Ha tan hon ton m gam Fe bng dung dch HNO3 thu c dung dch X v 1,568 lt NO (ktc).
Thm dung dch cha 0,15 mol H2SO4 vo dung dch X th thy kh NO tip tc thot ra v thu c dung
dch Y. phn ng ht vi cc cht trong dung dch Y cn 300 ml dung dch KOH 1,5M. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 7,28
B. 7,84
C. 8,40
D. 6,72
Gii
Ta c: nNO = 0,07mol
NO3- + 4H+
NO + 2H2O
Mol:
0,28
0,07
nHNO3 ban u = 0,28mol

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

nH2SO4 = 0,15mol nH+ = 0,3mol ; nSO42- = 0,15mol

nKOH = 0,45mol nK+ = 0,45mol ; nOH- = 0,45mol
V KOH phn ng vi Y nn OH- ht sau phn ng, ko theo cc ion Fe v H+ cng phn ng ht. Dung
dch sau khi phn ng trung ha ch cha: K+ (0,45mol) ; SO42- (0,15mol) ; NO3- (0,15mol)
nNO thot ra khi cho H2SO4 vo = nNO3- phn ng = 0,21 0,15 = 0,06mol nH+ p = 0,24mol
nH+ d = 0,06mol
V H+ d nn Fe Fe3+. Suy ra nFe =

0, 45 - 0,06
= 0,13mol m = 7,28 gam
3

Tuy nhin,...
phn ng u tin trong dung dch s c mt 2 ion l Fe3+ v Fe 2+ ( v khi cho thm H + vo th c kh NO bay
ln)
t nFe2+ = x ; nFe3+ = y
Ta c nFe = 0,13 x + y = 0,13(1)
ng thi bo ton e phn ng th 1: 2 x + 3 y = 0, 07.3 = 0, 21(2)
x = 0,18
T (1), (2) :
. Vy khng th xy ra phn ng c liu nh bi.
y = -0, 05
Cu 15. Cho 100 gam dung dch cha aminoaxit A 16,48% phn ng va dung dch HCl thu c 22,32
gam mui. Mt khc 100 ml dung dch aminoaxit A 0,1M phn ng va 100 ml dung dch KOH 0,1M
thu 1,41 gam khan. S cng thc cu to ca A l.
A. 7
B. 5.
C. 4
D. 6
Gii.
nA = 0,01mol ; nKOH = 0,01mol
A cha 1 nhm COOH mA = 1,14 + 0,01(18 56) = 1,03 A = 103
nA = 16,48 gam nA = 0,16mol
nHCl =

22,32 - 16, 48
= 0,16mol
36,5

A cha 1 nhm NH2 16 + R + 45 = 103 R = 42 (C3H6)

Cc ng phn cu to l:
(1). NH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH

(3). CH3-CH-CH2-COOH
|
NH2

(2). NH2-CH2-CH-COOH
|
CH3
(4). CH3-CH2-CH-COOH
|
NH2

CH3
|
(5). NH2-C-COOH
|
CH3

Cu 16. Cho cc cht: BaCl2; Na2HPO3; NaHCO3; Na2HPO4; NH4Cl; AlCl3; HCOONH4, Al2O3, Zn, ZnO,
AlF3. S cht lng tnh l.
A. 7
B. 6
C. 9
D. 8
Gii.
Cc cht c tnh lng tnh l: NaHCO3; Na2 HPO4; HCOONH4; Al2O3; ZnO, AlF3 6 cht
Cu 17. in phn 100 ml dung dch X gm AgNO3 1,2M v Cu(NO3)2 1M vi in cc tr. Sau thi gian t
giy thu c 18,08 gam kim loi catot. Dung dch sau in phn ha tan ti a bao nhiu gam bt Cu
(bit sinh ra kh NO duy nht).
A. 6,72 gam
B. 5,28 gam
C. 7,68 gam
D. 8,00 gam
Gii.
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

Ta c: nAg+ = 0,12mol ; nCu2+ = 0,1mol

Qu trnh in phn:
Cc (): Ag+ + e Ag
Mol: 0,12 0,12 0,12 mAg = 12,96 gam nCu thot ra = 0,08mol
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
Mol: 0,08 0,16 0,08
Cc (+): H2O 2e 1/2O2 + 2H+
Mol:
0,28
0,28
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3-

3Cu2+ + 2NO + 2H2O

m = 0,105 64 = 6,72 gam

Cu 18. Cho phn ng:
p-C2H5-toluen + KMnO4 + H2SO4
Tng h s ti gin sau khi cn bng l.
A. 129
B. 131

axit terephtalic + CO2 + MnSO4 + K2SO4 + H2O

C. 128

D. 130

Gii.
Phn ng:
+3
+3
+4
+2
C-3H3-C-2 H2-C6H4-C-3 H3 + KMn+7O4 + H2SO4
HOOC -C6H4-C OOH + C O2 + Mn SO4 + K2SO4 +
H2O
C-3 + C-2 + C-3 18e C+3 + C+3 + C+4
Mn+7 + 5e Mn+2
Cn bng:
5CH3-CH2-C6 H4-CH3 + 18KMnO4 + 27H2SO4
5HOOC-C6H4-COOH + 5CO2 + 18MnSO4 + 9K2SO4 +
42H2O
Tng h s ti gin ca phng trnh l: 129
Cu 19. Ha tan 22,02 gam hn hp X cha mui sunfua v cacbua ca nhm c t l mol tng ng 7 : 8
vo nc d thu c hn hp kh. t chy hon ton lng hn hp kh ny bng oxi va , ngng t
sn phm chy thu c hn hp kh Y. Sc Y vo 200 ml dung dch KOH aM v Ba(OH)2 1M thu c
30,95 gam kt ta. Gi tr a l.
A. 1,25M
B. 0,75M
C. 1,00M
D. 0,05M
Gii
Ta c: nAl2S3 = 0,07mol ; nAl4C3 = 0,08mol
nH2S = 0,21mol ; nCH4 = 0,24mol
nSO2 = 0,21mol ; nCO2 = 0,24 mol
t CT chung SO2 v CO2 l XO2 X + 32 =

64 0, 21 + 44 0, 24
64
X=
0, 45
3

Mt khc: nBa(OH)2 = 0,2mol ; nKOH = 0,2a (mol) ; nBaXO3 = 0,15mol

f(x) = 0,2 + 0,1a - |0,2 + 0,1a 0,45| = 0,15 a = 1,00 (M)
Cu 20. Dung dch X cha x mol Na2CO3 v y mol NaHCO3 vi x : y = 1 : 2. Dung dch Y cha z mol HCl.
Thc hin 2 th nghim sau:
+ Cho t t n ht dung dch X vo dung dch Y thy thot ra 16,8 lt kh CO2 (ktc).
+ Cho t t n ht dung dch Y vo dung dch X thy thot ra 5,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc)
Tng gi tr (x + y) l.
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

A. 2,00
B. 2,50
C. 1,75
D. 2,25
Gii.
Dung dch X cha x mol Na2CO3 v 2x mol NaHCO3.
Xt phn ng 1. Gi s ch c kx mol phn ng. (0 < k 1)
Suy ra nCO2 = kx + k 2 x = k 3 x = 0, 75(mol ) ; dn ti nHCl = 2.nNa2CO3 + nNaHCO3 = k 4 x = 1(mol ) (1)
Xt phn ng 2.
1
*Nu k z = k 4 x x , suy ra HCl ch phn ng c vi ion CO324
nCO2 = z = k 4 x = 1 0, 25(mol ) (v l)

1
z > x , suy ra nCO2 = (k 4 x - x) = 0, 25
4
T (1) v (2) suy ra x = 0,75; y = 0,15. (x + y) = 2,25
*Nu k >

Cu 21. Dy cc kim loi iu ch c bng phng php thu luyn l?

A. Ag, Ba, Ca, Zn
B. Ag, Cu, Fe, Ni
C. Ag, Al, Cu, Ba

D. Ba, Ca, Na, Mg

Cu 22. Etse X n chc cha vng thm c khi lng phn t nh hn 160 vC v thnh phn % khi
lng cc nguyn t nh sau: %C = 72% ; %H = 6,67%; %O = 21,33%. Bit rng 0,1 mol X phn ng va
100 ml dung KOH 1M, un nng. S ng phn cu to ph hp tnh cht ca X l.
A. 8
B. 11
C. 9
D. 6
Gii. Ta c:

12x
y
32
=
=
x = 9 ; y = 10 X: C9H10O2
72 6,67 21,33

1 mol X + 1 mol KOH X c dng: RCOOR1C6H4R2 hoc R-C6H4-R1COOR2

ng ha s C:
a. X: RCOOR1C6H4R2
+ R = CH3 ; R1 = CH2 ; R2 = 1 X: CH3COOCH2-C6H5 1 p
+ R = H ; R1 = -CH2-CH2- ; R2 = 1 X: HCOOCH2-CH2-C6H5 hoc HCOOCH(CH3)-C6H5 2 p
+ R = H; R1 = CH2 ; R2 = CH3 X: HCOOCH2-C6H4-CH3 3 p
b. R-C6H4-COOR1
+ R = H ; R1 = 0 ; R2 = C2H5 X: C6H5COOC2H5 1 p
+ R = H ; R1 = CH2 ; R2 = CH3 X: C6H5CH2COOCH3 1 p
+ R = CH3 ; R1 = 0 ; R2 = CH3 CH3-C6H4COOCH3 3 p
Tng cng 11 ng phn.
Cu 23. A c cng thc phn t l C4 H5Br3. Khi A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH un nng (dng d) to ra
mt hp cht hu c n chc c mch cacbon phn nhnh. Cng thc cu to ca A l.
A. CHBr=CH-CH2-CHBr2.
B. CH2=CH(CH3)-CBr3
C. CH2=CBr-CHBr-CH2Br.
D. CH3-C(CHBr2)=CHBr.
Gii.
CTCT ph hp A l: CH2=CH(CH3)C-Br3
Phn ng minh ha:
CH2=CH(CH3)-CBr3 + 4NaOH
CH2=CH(CH3)-COONa + 3NaBr + 2H2O

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

Cu 24. Khi tng p sut chung ca h phn ng, cn bng no sau y khng thay i?
2CO2 (k)
2NH3 (k)
A. 2CO (k) + O2 (k)
B. N2 (k) + 3H2 (k)
2HI (k)
2SO3 (k)
C. H2 (k) + I2 (k)
D. 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k)
Cu 25. Hn hp A cha 2 cht hu c c cng cng thc phn t C3H9O2N. Thu phn hon ton 16,38
gam hn hp A bng lng va dung dch KOH thu c 16,128 gam hn hp X gm 2 mui v hn
hp Y gm 2 amin. Phn trm khi lng ca amin c phn t nh l.
A. 31,47%
B. 68,53%
C. 47,21%
D. 52,79%
Gii.
nC3 H9O2N = 0,18mol
Hai hp cht hu c tha l: HCOONH3C2 H5 v CH3COONH3 CH3
X: HCOOK v CH3COOK ; Y: CH3NH2 v C2H5NH2
Dng phng php ng cho nHCOOK = 0,108mol ; nCH3COOK = 0,072
nCH3NH2 = 0,072mol ; nC2H5NH2 = 0,108mol mY = 7,092gam
% CH3NH2 =

2, 232 100
= 31,47%
7,092

Cu 26. Pht biu no sau y l ng:

A. in tch ht nhn nguyn t bng s proton v bng s notron trong nguyn t
B. So vi cc nguyn t th cc ion m to thnh t nguyn t lun c bn knh ln hn
C. ng v l hin tng cc ht c cng s khi
D. Cc tiu phn Ar , K + , Cl - u c cng s in tch ht nhn
Cu 27. Thy phn este E thu c axit cacboxylic A v hn hp B gm hai ancol n chc l ng ng
k tip ca nhau. X phng ha hon ton 3,65 gam E cn va ng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c
m gam mui v x gam hn hp ancol B. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 1,95
B. 1,6
C. 0,975
D. 3,7
Gii. Ta d nhn thy E l este hai chc. Suy ra neste =

1
nNaOH = 0, 025(mol ) M E = 146 . Gi CTPT ca
2

este l R (COOR ') 2 , th R + 2 R ' = 58

Do hai ancol n chc ng ng k tip nn R ' 29 15 < R ' < 29 0 < R < 28 R = 14(-CH 2 )
(Ch : R ' > 15 v ancol c PTK nh nht l CH 3OH . Nu R ' = 29 th hai ancol phi l CH 3OH v

C3 H 7OH khng k tip nhau)

Khi lng B l x = 0, 05.(14 + 17) = 1,95( gam)
Cu 28. Ha tan 12,48 gam mui MCl2 (M l kim loi) vo nc c dung dch X. in phn X (vi in
cc tr, cng dng in khng i) trong thi gian t giy, c 0,04 mol kh thot ra khi dung dch
in phn (kh ny khng duy tr s sng). Cn nu thi gian in phn l 2t th s mol kh thu c l 0,09
mol. Kim loi M l:
A. Cu
B. Ba
C. Fe
D. Khng tn ti M.
Gii.
NX: Khi thi gian in phn l 2t, s mol kh thu c nh hn 0,1.2=0,2 mol nn mui MCl2 b in
phn hon ton v xy ra qu trnh in phn nc.
Gi x l s trong MCl2 trong dung dch ban u.
u Trng hp 1. M l kim loi b kh.
Lc trong thi gian t thot ra a mol kh Cl2 (x/2 < a < x).
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

Vi thi gian 2t, ta d tnh ra c c x mol Cl2, (2a x) mol H2 v (a x/2) mol O2 thot ra khi dung dch.
a = 0, 04
a = 0, 04

Vy ta c h phng trnh
. Suy ra M + 71 = 208 M = 137 ( Ba ) (loi do Ba

x
x = 0, 06
3a - 2 = 0, 09
khng b kh)
v Trng hp 2. M l kim loi khng b kh.
Lc trong thi gian t thot ra a mol Cl2 v a mol H2 (x/2 < a < x)
Vi thi gian 2t, ta tnh c c 2a mol H2, x mol Cl2 v (a x/2) mol O2 thot ra khi dung dch.
2a = 0, 04
a = 0, 02

Ta c h phng trnh
(loi do khng khng tha mn k x/2 < a)

x
x = 0, 06
3a + 2 = 0, 09
Kt lun: Khng tn ti kim loi tha mn bi.
Cu 29. Dung dch X gm CH3COOH 1M (Ka = 1,75.10-5) v HCl 0,001M. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l:
A. 2,55
B. 2,43
C. 2,33
D. 1,77
Gii. K a =

x(0, 001 + x)
= 1, 75.10-5 x = 3, 713.10-3 pH = - lg[H + ] 2,33
1- x

Cu 30. Qung cacnalit c cng thc ha hc l:

A. NaCl.MgCl2.6H2O
C. NaCl.CaCl2.6H2O

B. KCl.CaCl2.6H2O
D. KCl.MgCl2.6H2O

Cu 31. Pht biu no sau y khng ng khi ni v hp kim:

A. Hp kim c nhng tnh cht ho hc tng t tnh cht ca cc cht trong hn hp ban u.
B. Tnh dn in, dn nhit ca hp kim km hn cc kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
C. Nhit nng chy ca hp kim thng cao hn nhit nng chy ca cc kim loi trong hn hp.
D. Hp kim thng cng v gin hn cc cht trong hn hp kim loi ban u.
Cu 32. Cho pent-1,3-dien phn ng cng vi Br2 theo t l mol 1:1. S dn xut ibrom thu c l:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Gii. Nu cng vo v tr 1,2 hoc 1,4 s xut hin ng phn hnh hc. Nu cng vo v tr 3,4 cho mt sn
phm duy nht. Vy c tt c 5 dn xut.
Cu 33. Cho hn hp Y gm ba kim loi K, Zn, Fe vo nc d thu c 6,72 lt kh (ktc) v cn li cht
rn B khng tan c khi lng 14,45 gam. Cho B vo 100 ml CuSO4 3M, thu c cht rn C c khi lng
16,00 gam. Xc nh khi lng kim loi K trong Y?
A. 11,7
B. 13,0
C. 14,0
D. 13,65
Gii. Gi a, b, c l s mol ca K, Zn, Fe c trong hn hp Y. C hai trng hp :
u Trng hp 1 : a > 2b : d KOH B ch c Fe
Phng trnh phn ng : Fe + Cu2+ Fe2+ + Cu
S mol Cu 2+ = 0,1.3=0,3 mol
Nu Cu2+ kt ta ht th d Fe mCu=0,3.64=19,2 (gam) > 16 (gam) loi
Vy Cu2+ cha kt ta ht, Fe tan ht nFe=nCu= 16/64 = 0,25 (mol)
mB=0,25.56=14 (gam) < 14,45 (gam) loi
v Trng hp 2 : a < 2b : KOH ht, Zn d nn trong B c Zn, Fe
2K + 2H2O 2KOH + H2
a
a
a/2
2KOH + Zn K2ZnO2 + H2
a
a/2
a/2
S mol H2 = a/2 + a/2 = 6,72/22,4 = 0,3 a=0,3
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

a
mB = 65(b - ) + 56c = 14, 45 (1)
2
Fe, Zn phn ng vi Cu2+ c d Cu2+ nn Fe, Zn ht
Zn + Cu2+ Zn2+ + Cu
Fe + Cu2+ Fe2+ + Cu
a
S mol Cu to ra = 16/64 = 0,25 (mol). Suy ra b - + c = 0, 25 (2)
2
Gii h phng trnh (1) v (2) ta c b = c = 0,2
Hn hp Y c mK = 39.0,3= 11,7 (gam)
Cu 34. Chia hn hp X gm Fe v Fe2O3 thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Cho mt lung kh CO d i qua phn
th nht nung nng th khi lng cht rn gim i 4,8 gam. Ngm phn th 2 trong dung dch HCl d thy
thot ra 2,24 lt kh (ktc) v thu c dung dch ch cha hai cht tan. Khi lng ca hn hp X l:
A. 21,6 gam
B. 27,2 gam
C. 43,2 gam
D. 54,4 gam
Gii. T phn ng vi CO, tnh c nFe2O3 = 0,1 . Do dung dch sau phn ng vi HCl d, dung dch ch
cha 2 cht tan, l HCl v mt mui st, nn Fe va phn ng vi HCl va phn ng vi ht lng Fe3+
(do Fe2O3 tc dng vi HCl). Vy nFe = 0,1 + 0,1.2 : 2 = 0, 2(mol ).
Vy mX = (0,1.160 + 0, 2.56).2 = 54, 4( gam)
Cu 35. t chy hon ton 1,1 gam este E th thu c 1,12 lt CO2 (ktc) v 0,9 gam H2O. T khi hi
ca E so vi O2 bng 2,75. un nng 4,4 gam E vi dung dch NaOH va , ri c cn th thu c 4,8
gam mui natri ca axit hu c. Xc nh cng thc cu to ng v gi tn E.
A. etyl propionat
B. metyl axetat
C. metyl propionat
D. etyl axetat.
Gii.
ME = 2,75.32 = 88
E chy cho CO2, H2O nn E cha C, H c th c O
nC = nCO2 = 0,05 (mol), suy ra mC = 0,05.12 = 0,6 (g)
nH = 2.nH2O = 0,1 (mol), suy ra mH = 0,1 (g)
1,1 - (0,1 + 0, 6)
nO =
= 0, 025(mol)
16
Ta c nC : nH : nO = 0,05:0,1:0,025 = 2:4:1 nn CT n gin nht ca E: C2H4O. Suy ra CTPT ca E
(C2H4O)n. ME = 44n = 88 n = 2 CTPT E l C4H8O2
nE = 4,4/88 = 0,05 (mol)
Gi cng thc ca E l: RCOOR
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
0,05
0,05
MRCOONa = 4,8/0,05 = 96. Suy ra R + 67 = 96 R = 29 R l C2H5Cng thc cu to ng ca E: C2H5-COO-CH3 (metyl propionat)
Cu 36. Khng nh no sau y ng?
A. Cng thc tng qut ca hidrocacbon no l CnH2n+2
B. Cc anken mch thng c ni i C s 2 tc dng vi HBr u to 3 ng phn
C. Cc ankin cng nc u cho sn phm chnh l xeton.
D. Khng th to dn xut iot bng cch cho iot phn ng trc tip vi ankan
Gii. A sai v xicloankan c CTPT l CnH2n. B sai v etilen ch cho 2 ng phn. C sai v etin ch cho sn
phm l andehit. D ng, v iot qu yu khng th phn ng trc tip vi ankan.
Cu 37. Cho 21,84 gam mt kim loi X tc dng vi lu hunh nhit cao thu c 40,56 gam mui. X
l kim loi no sau y?
A. Mg
B. Fe
C. Cr
D. Khng tn ti X.
Gii. Gi n l ha tr ca X trong mui vi lu hunh. Ta c mui l X 2Sn. T bi suy ra
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

21,84
56
.(2 X + n.32) = 40,56 X = n .
2X
3
Vi n = 1 hoc n = 2; X khng phi l s nguyn. Vi n = 3, X l Fe (56). Tuy nhin phn ng ca Fe vi S
khng th to mui Fe2S3. Vy chn p n D.

vi ln xp x 90o?
Cu 38. Phn t no sau y c cha gc CCC
A. Xiclopropan
B. Propen
C. Xiclobutan

D. Propan.

Cu 39. Cho cc phng trnh phn ng

(1) dd FeCl2 + dd AgNO3 d
(3) F2 + H2O
(5) K, Al + H2O
(7) SO2 + dd Br2
S phn ng cho sn phm c cha n cht l:
A. 3
B. 4

D. 6

(2) H2S + dd Cl2

to
(4) NH3 (kh) + CuO

(6) H2S + O2 d
to
(8) Ag2S + O2 (khng kh)

C. 5

Gii. (votanhuyNQD_12T) Cc phn ng: (1) (3) (4) (5) (8)

(1) FeCl2 + 3 AgNO3 Fe( NO3 )3 + Ag + 2 AgCl

H 2 S + 4Cl2 + 4 H 2O H 2 SO4 + 8 HCl

F2 + H 2O 2 HF + 12 O2
2 NH 3 + 3CuO N 2 + 3Cu + 3H 2O
K + Al + 2 H 2O KAlO2 + 2 H 2
H 2 S + 23 O2 (du ) H 2O + SO2
SO2 + Br2 + 2 H 2O H 2 SO4 + 2 HBr
Ag 2 S + O2 2 Ag + SO2

(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

Cu 40. t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu

c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d) thu c
cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X v Y l:
A. C2H6O, CH4O
B. C3H6O, C4H8O
C. C2H6O, C3H8O
D. C2H6O2, C3H8O2.
Gii. CTPT trung bnh ca M l Cn H 2 n + 2O. T phn ng chy d dng tm c n = 2,4. Vy chn C hoc
D. Nu p n l D th s mol H2 thu c s l 0,25 mol (> 0,15). Vy chn p n C.
Cu 41. Cho 47 gam hn hp X gm 2 ancol i qua nhm oxit, nhit thu c hn hp Y gm: ba ete,
0,27mol hai olefin, 0,33 mol hn hp hai ancol d v 0,42 mol nc. Bit hiu sut tch nc to olefin i
vi mi ancol l nh nhau v s mol cc ete l bng nhau. Xc nh CTPT ca ancol c khi lng mol ln
nht.
A. C3H8O
B. C2H6O
C. C4H8O
D. C5H10O
Gii. Gi CTPT hai ru l Cn H 2 n + 2O (hoc ROH), ta c cc phng trnh
Cn H 2n+2 O Cn H 2n + H 2 O
0,27

0,27

0,27

2ROH ROR + H 2 O
x

0,5x

0,5x

S mol nc to ra: 0,27 + 0,5x = 0,42, suy ra x = 0,3

Tng s mol ancol trong hn hp: 0,27 + 0,3 + 0,33 = 0,9 (mol). Vy PTK trung bnh ca ancol l:
47
M=
= 52, 2 . Do trong hn hp X c (0,9 a) mol C2H6O v a mol CmH2m+2O (M)
0,9
Khi lng hn hp ancol l 47 gam, nn 46(0,9 a) + M.a = 47 M.a 46a = 5,6 (1)
*Xt ru CmH2m+2O, ta thy:
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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

V hiu sut 2 ancol to anken l H =

0, 27.100%
= 30% nn s mol C mH2m+2O to anken l 0,3a
0,9

S mol cc ete bng nhau nn s mol m hai ancol to ete bng nhau. S mol C mH2m+2O to ete l:

x
= 0,15
2

(mol)
Vy tng s mol CmH2m+2O phn ng l: n = 0,3a + 0,15. Suy ra 0,3a + 0,15 < a < 0,9, hay 0,21 < a < 0,9
Thay vo (1), suy ra 52,2 < M < 72,6. Vy M = 60 (C3H8O)
Cu 42. Cho cc cht sau: bc axetilua, metan, canxi cacbua, propan, etyl clorua, metanol, etanol, nhm
cacbua, axit terephtalic. S cht c th iu ch c anehit axetit bng hai phn ng lin tip?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
Gii. Cc cht c th iu ch l:
(1) Ag2C2 (+HCl) C 2H2 CH3CHO
(2) CH4 C2H2 CH3CHO
(3) CaC2 C2H2 CH3CHO
(4) CH3CH2 Cl C2 H4 CH3CHO
(5) C2H5OH C2H4 CH3CHO
Cu 43. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt loi cht bo th thu c CO2 v H2O hn km nhau 0,6 mol, cho
0,3 mol cht bo tc dng ti a vi V lt dung dch brom 0,5M. Gi tr V l:
A. 0,36
B. 3,6
C. 2,4
D. 1,2
Gii. Gi CTPT ca cht bo l Cn H 2 n + 2- 2 k O6 . Phn ng chy: Cn H 2 n + 2- 2 k O6 nCO2 + (n + 1 - k ) H 2O
n - (n + 1 - k ) 0, 6
=
=6k =7
Vy
1
0,1
Trong 3 nhm -COO c cha 3 lin kt p , vy trong gc hidrocacbon cha 4 lin kt p . Vy
0,3.4
V=
= 2, 4
0,5
Cu 44. Cho cc nhn xt sau:
(1) Metyl-, imetyl-, trimetyl- v etylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai, c.
(2) Etylamin khng c lin kt hidro lin phn t.
(3) A l amin bc 1, c cng thc (CH4N)n. A c cng thc phn t l C2 H8N2.
(4) Anilin lm qu tm i sang mu xanh.
(5) Anilin c th tc dng vi HNO2 to ra phenol v kh N2.
(6) Dung dch etylamin c th to kt ta khi tc dng vi mui st (III) clorua.
S nhn xt ng l:
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4

D. 5

Cu 45. Chn nhn xt ng v cacbohidrat?

A. Phn t cacbohidrat u c t nht 6 nguyn t C.
B. Glucozo dng tinh th c th phn ng vi H2 .
C. Phn t xenlulozo ch c lin kt -[1,4]-glicozit
D. C th ch dng Cu(OH)2 nhn bit cc l mt nhn cha Glixerol, Glucozo, Fructozo, Etanal.
Cu 46. t chy hon ton 59,2 g hn hp A gm FeS2 v FeCO3 trong O2 d, sau phn ng thu c cht
rn B. Chia B thnh hai phn c khi lng bng nhau ri cho mt phn i qua CO nung nng thu c
17,84g cht rn C. Cho kh bay ra (t phn ng vi CO) sc vo 50ml dd Ca(OH)2 2M thy c 6,5g kt ta.
un nng dd tip tc thy xut hin kt ta. Phn trm khi lng FeCO3 trong hn hp A l:
A. 13,74
B. 86,26
C. 27,48
D. p n khc

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 thi th i hc mn Ha hc, ln 1, 2013 M BM.1.2013

Gii. Gi a v b ln lt l s mol FeS2 v FeCO3 trong mi phn. T phn ng chy vi O2 d d dng rt

ra c 120a + 116b = 59,2:2 = 29,6 (1)
T phn ng ca CO2 vi Ca(OH)2 d dng tnh c nCO2 = 0,135 (mol) (bng s mol O trong cht rn B
kt hp vi CO). Vy mB = mC + moxi = 17,84 + 16.0,135 = 20. Suy ra nFe2O3 = 20/160 = 0,125 a + b =
0,25 (mol) (2)
Gii h (1) v (2) tnh ra c a = 0,1 v b = 0,15. Suy ra %mFeCO3 = 39,19%. Chn p n D.
Cu 47. Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm Mg, Zn trong bnh ng a mol HNO3 thu c hn hp kh Y
gm b mol NO va c mol N 2O v dung dch Z (khng cha mui amoni). Thm V lt dung dch NaOH 1M
vo dung dch Z th thu c lng kt ta ln nht. Biu thc lin h gia V vi a,b,c l:
A. V = a - b - 2c
B. V = a - b - c C.
D. V = a + 4b + 10c
V = a + 3b + 8c
Hng dn. Bo ton electron.
Cu 48. Sc kh A1 vo dung dch cha cht A2 ta c rn A3 mu vng v dung dch A4 . Kh A5 c mu
vng lc tc dng vi kh A1 to ra A3 v A6. Nu A5 tc dng vi kh A1 trong nc to ra A7 v A6, ri
thm BaCl2 vo dung dch th c kt ta trng. A1 tc dng vi dung dch cht A8 l mui nitrat kim loi to
ra kt ta A9 mu en. t chy A9 bi oxi ta c cht lng A10 mu trng bc.
Nhn nh no sau y ng:
A. Ch c mt cht ph hp vi A2.
B. A10 d dng phn ng vi A3 nhit thng.
C. Kt ta trng l BaSO3.
D. A10 tan c trong dung dch A6.
Gii. A1: H2S; A2 : FeCl3 (hoc Fe2(SO4)3,...); A3: S; A6: HCl; A8: Hg(NO3)2 ; A9: HgS; A10: Hg;
A5: Cl2; A7: H2SO4
Cu 49. Ha tan 19,2 gam hn hp cht rn gm CaO, Fe, MgS v FeS vo 300 ml dung dch HCl 2M va
th sau phn ng thu c dung dch B. Phn trm khi lng ca FeS trong hn hp l:
A. 34,375%
B. 12,5%
C. 65,625%
D. 87,5%
Gii. Nhn thy CaO, Fe, MgS u c chung M = 56, hn na cc cht ny u phn ng vi HCl theo t l
1:2. Gi tng s mol ca c ba cht CaO, Fe, MgS l a (mol), s mol ca FeS l b (mol)
0, 06

= 0, 03 a = 0, 225
a + b =
Ta c h phng trnh

2
b = 0, 075
56a + 88b = 19, 2
D dng tnh c %mFeS = (0,075.88):19,2.100% = 34,375%
Cu 50. t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp kh gm mt ankin v mt xicloankan cn dng va 0,8
mol O2 v 0,6 mol CO2. Cng thc ca ankin l:
A. C2H2
B. C3H4
C. C4H6
D. C5H8
Gii. Bo ton oxi tnh ra c: nH2O = 0,4 (mol)
t CTPT trung bnh ca hn hp l C nH2n+2-2k (1 < k < 2). Phn ng chy:
Cn H 2 n + 2- 2 k nCO2 + (n + 1 - k ) H 2O

n + 1 - k 0, 4
=
n = 3k - 3 < 3 . M xicloankan lun c s C ln hn hoc bng 3 nn ankin c s C
n
0, 6
t hn 3. Vy cng thc ca ankin l C2H2
Ta c

BoxMath xin chc mng bn Yankumi95 t kt qu cao nht vi thi th mn Ha hc s 1, 2013.

Cm n bn phammai v votanhuyNQD_12T gp hon thin li gii chi tit ny.
Hn gp li cc bn vi thi tip theo ca BoxMath
Nhm bin son thi: F7T7, hochoikienthuc
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