Quiz #1

Which of the following could NOT be a valid email address (PID name)?
Select one:
a. smith@mail.vt.edu
b. smith@vt.edu
c. john@smith@vt.edu
d. john.smith@vt.edu

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Correct! Email addresses may have only one at '@' character in them.
The correct answer is: john@smith@vt.edu
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The underlying logical storage organization of word processors is that of a
Select one:
a. Two-Dimensional Matrix
b. Hierarchical Organization
c. None of these
d. Sequential List

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Correct! Logically the characters in a documents compose a long linear list.
The correct answer is: Sequential List

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Pages on the World Wide Web are composed and stored using what underlying
language?
Select one:
a. HTTP (HyperText Transport Pages)
b. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
c. URL (Uniform Resource Language)
d. SGML (Standardized General Markup Language)

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Correct! HTML is the ASCII text organization language for Web documents.
The correct answer is: HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
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It is almost always possible to transpose (rearrange) data from one underlying common
program organization into another (e.g., WP -> DB or SS -> WP).
Select one:

True
False

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Correct! An underlying data organization can be morphed into different models (see the
Data Transformation section at the end of the background/application notes for an
example).
The correct answer is 'True'.
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The underlying logical storage organization of SpreadSheets is that of a
Select one:
a. Sequential List
b. Two-Dimensional Matrix
c. None of these
d. Hierarchical Organization

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Correct! A spreadsheet is organized into rows (numbers) and columns (letters) in a
tabular form.
The correct answer is: Two-Dimensional Matrix
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The underlying logical storage organization of DataBases is that of a
Select one:
a. Hierarchical Organization
b. Two-Dimensional Matrix
c. None of these
d. Sequential List

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Correct! Databases contain information that is grouped into larger and larger related
collections forming a data hierarchy.
The correct answer is: Hierarchical Organization
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By default, almost all WYSIWYG word processor programs use proportional spaced
fonts (type faces) for normal paragraph display (as opposed to non
proportional or monospacedfonts).
Select one:
True

False

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No, nonproportional spaced fonts (type faces) or (monospacedfonts) use the same
width for every character, which does NOT allow for the even distribution of white space
on a line.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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What is the actual underlying physical storage order (organization) of File Systems on
a disk drive?
Select one:
a. Hierarchical
b. None of these
c. Linear
d. Flat

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Correct! Disks in a disk platter are numbered sequentially, as are the cylinders/tracks on
each disk and the sectors of each track and the bytes in each sector. This forms a linear
address space on the hard drive.
The correct answer is: Linear
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Which of following attributes is NOT part of a Graphical User Interface (GUI)?
Select one:
a. Windows
b. Pull-Down Menus
c. Linear Task Ordering
d. Icons

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Correct! GUI systems allow users to be able to decide between a variety of task options
at almost any given time.
The correct answer is: Linear Task Ordering
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Most word processing programs (like MS Word and WordPerfect [NOT Google Docs]) are
examples of what type of computation model?
Select one:
a. Distributed
b. Stand Alone

c. Client-Server
d. Batch

Quiz #2
Where and when did the World Wide Web originate?
Select one:
a. CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, in 1990
b. MSN, the MicroSoft Network, in 1991
c. NCSA, the Nat'l Center for Supercomputing Applications, in 1988
d. MCWIS, the Minnesota Campus-Wide Information System, in 1987

Feedback
Correct! Tim Berners-Lee at CERN is credited with developing the WWW. The NCSA
produced the first popular broswer (MOSAIC), and MCWIS did develop a competing
hyperlink alternative to the WWW called "Gopher"
The correct answer is: CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, in 1990
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Clicking on the Forward/Back buttons in a Web browser will take you to the
next/previous saved bookmarks, respectively.
Select one:
True

False

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Correct! They will take you to the previous web pages you have just visited.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following is NOT a design goal of LANs?
Select one:
a. Extendablity
b. Platform-Centric
c. Compatiblity
d. High Speed and Bandwidth

Feedback
Correct! Cross platform compatibility is a goal of LANs, not system/platform-centric
specificity. High Speed and Bandwidth, Compatibility and Extendability are goals of
LANs, but not the only goals.
The correct answer is: Platform-Centric
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What is the easiest technique for achieving public or roaming ethernet portal access
around the VT LAN?
Select one:
a. Static IP Numbers
b. Clients for Microsoft Networks
c. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
d. QoS Packet Scheduling

Feedback
Correct! DHCP enables the campus the DHCP server to automatically configure all the
required network settings for a specific campus location.
The correct answer is: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)
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Which one of the following choices is NOT a component of the World Wide Web?
Select one:
a. HyperText Markup Language
b. Web Browsers

c. HyperText Transport Protocol

d. Time Sharing

Feedback
Correct! Web Browsers form the client component, HTML forms the web page
structure/organization component, and HTTP forms the transport protocol
communication mechanism component of the WWW client/server computing model.
The correct answer is: Time Sharing
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What is a computer's MAC?
Select one:
a. Net registration number with Apple Computer Corp.
b. A computer's network IP number (e.g., 128.173.40.39)
c. Unique physical ethernet 48-bit address number (e.g., 00-02-2D-0E-43D1)
d. The Machine's Address Computer ID (e.g., 904128364)

Feedback
Correct! The MAC address number is the unique 12 character sequence encoded in the
NIC (Network Interface Card).
The correct answer is: Unique physical ethernet 48-bit address number (e.g., 00-02-2D0E-43-D1)
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Which of the following line label hyperlinks (from the VT Computing Center Web
Publishing page) is linked to a site NOT in the Virginia Tech domain?
Select one:
a. Creating a Personal Web Page
b. Webmonkey
c. Institute for Distance and Distributed Learning
d. Webmaster's Toolkit

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Correct, Webmonkey is hosted at "http://www.webmonkey.com/" and thus is not in the
VT domain.
The correct answer is: Webmonkey
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The Computer Science Network (CSNET) was the first precursor to the Internet, which
began in 1969.
Select one:
True

False

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No, the U.S. Defense Department's ARPAnet was the first U.S. government-funded
computer network.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following best describes a Web browser's home page?
Select one:
a. Browser Home pages cannot be switched
b. The main Web page of the company that created the browser
c. The page that contains all the bookmarks/favorites
d. Default Web page that displays at startup

Feedback
Correct! It is whatever a user has set it to be such that the page automatically loads
when the browser is started.
The correct answer is: Default Web page that displays at startup
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Given the following URL: http://www.vt.edu/index.html, which part represents the
Domain name?
Select one:
a. "www.vt.edu"
b. "://"
c. "http"
d. "index.html"

Quiz #3
In a USENET group discussion, what is the term for a message and all of the
related/associated replies to the original message? Hint: some USENET reader clients
display this relationship hierarchically.
Select one:
a. Thread
b. Article
c. Posting
d. Subscription

Feedback
Correct! A discussion thread allows a hierarchical organization to the on-line
communication.
The correct answer is: Thread

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Which of following text file formats was designed as a document structure
language? Hint: It was NOTdesigned as a typesetting or page layout/display language.
Select one:
a. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
b. Rich Text Format (RTF)
c. Postscript
d. ASCII

Feedback
No, ASCII files are simply text files for storing raw characters, RTF files are rich text
formatting files for storing cross platform word processing documents, and postscript is
a typesetting, page layout language.
The correct answer is: HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
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Which of the following "end of line" representations is used in Microsoft Windows/DOS
text files?

Select one:
a. Linefeed only
b. Carriage Return only
c. Both Linefeed and Carriage Return
d. None of these

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Correct! That is for the end of line on a DOS/Windows system.
The correct answer is: Both Linefeed and Carriage Return
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The fields in USENET newsgroup names (e.g., new.announce.newusers) represent the
domain path of the Internet server from which the group originates.
Select one:
True
False

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No, the names indicate the location of the newsgroup in the overall hierarchy of
newsgroups.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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USENET newsgroup FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions) documents/postings contain
information primarily for experienced and frequent users of the particular newsgroup.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! FAQs are maintained for new users so that the same questions are not being
answered over and over again in the newsgroup postings.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following is the local Virginia Tech USENET news server group for this
course?
Select one:
a. bburg.vt.class.1604
b. None of these
c. vatech.dept.cs.1604

d. vatech.class.cs1604

Feedback
Correct! In your USENET client, using news.vt.edu as your server, and viewing all
groups, one can locate vatech.class.cs1604 as the CS 1604 course newsgroup.
The correct answer is: vatech.class.cs1604
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Which of the following best describes the function of a USENET group moderator?
Select one:
a. Establishes USENET access accounts for users
b. Keeps flame wars from dying out
c. Downloads and installs USENET clients
d. Approves messages before they are actually posted to the group

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Correct! The moderator must approve all posts to a group.
The correct answer is: Approves messages before they are actually posted to the group
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Flaming most often occurs in a USENET newsgroup when
Select one:
a. Disk space for the newsgroup's posting is exceeded
b. Users post (upload) graphics to the newsgroup
c. Arguments between users breaks out
d. Too many messages are posted to the newsgroup

Feedback
Correct! The "Flaming" comes from the heated language that USENET users tend to use
in arguments.
The correct answer is: Arguments between users breaks out
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Which of the following is the Virginia Tech campus USENET server?
Select one:
a. usenet.vt.edu
b. news.vt.edu
c. ns.cs.vt.edu

d. server.vt.edu

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Correct! Try accessing http://news.vt.edu/ to confirm.
The correct answer is: news.vt.edu
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Which of the following text file formats was originally designed as a laser printer device
driver typesetting language?
Select one:
a. HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
b. Postscript
c. Rich Text Format (RTF)
d. ASCII

Feedback
No, the Adobe corporation developed Postscript for typesetting.
The correct answer is: Postscript

Quiz #4
Which of the following is the correct POP account server for Virginia Tech?
Select one:
a. mail-proxy.cslab.vt.edu
b. mail-proxy.vt.edu

c. pop.vt.edu
d. pop.cc.vt.edu

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This question is currently invalid with VT going google.
Previously, the correct response would have been "pop.vt.edu".
The correct answer is: pop.vt.edu
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Telnet provides anonymous, (without an account) login connections to remote
computers.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! A login account is necessary for using telnet.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Question text
Eudora email client programs require connection to which of the following type of MIME
compliant servers before MIME messages can be safely retrieved without problems?
Select one:
a. HTTP servers
b. SMTP servers
c. POP servers
d. Proxy servers

Feedback
No, HTTP servers are Web servers, SMTP servers are Simple Mail Transport Protocol
servers (most of which do not support MIME), and Proxy servers are simply servers that
provide for access through network security firewalls. A Post Office Protocol server is
required for a POP email client like Eudora. (Although the notes and this question does
not discuss them, IMAP servers also support MIME.)
The correct answer is: POP servers
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Which of the following best describes sending a MIME attached file to someone NOT
using a MIME compliant email program?
Select one:
a. The attachment is bounced back to the sender as undeliverable
b. They will never receive the file
c. The attachment is received, but is indecipherable

d. The attachment is received, but not displayed in any form

Feedback
No, the MIME encoded attachment will be sent and received, but it will not be decoded
by the receiver's email program, and thus it will not be readable.
The correct answer is: The attachment is received, but is indecipherable
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If you send a Microsoft Word document as an attachment to someone who uses Eudora
and they have the latest version of Microsoft Office, they will be able to open and edit
the document. (Assume that both parties are using a MIME compliant server and client.)
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! Specific application files require two email parties to be using MIME
clients/servers to send/receive and, of course, the creating application program to use
and share the file.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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When sending listserv commands, where should the commands be placed in the email
message to the listserv server?
Select one:
a. The subject field
b. The body of the message
c. The Cc or Bcc fields
d. The message signature

Feedback
Correct! Listserv management software scans the body of email messages to detect
commands sent to it.
The correct answer is: The body of the message
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Choose the best answer to the following: Which of the following file types can NOT be
transferred between networked computers using FTP?
Select one:
a. Executable files
b. ASCII files

c. Any type of file can be transferred

d. Compressed archive files

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No, the File Transfer client-server protocol for copying files across a network can transfer
all of the above file types.
The correct answer is: Any type of file can be transferred
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All computers executing an FTP server provides anonymous logins for anyone to
access it.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! Only public domain FTP servers containing freely accessible files usually
provide anonymous user access.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following best describes FTP 'mirrors'?
Select one:
a. A FTP site which is a copy of a popular FTP site
b. A site providing FTP access to your own computer
c. A FTP site accessed by email command requests
d. A site providing FTP access to non-networked computers

Feedback
Correct! FTP mirror sites provide the same files as other popular sites to more evenly
balance out the network traffic load across the internet.
The correct answer is: A FTP site which is a copy of a popular FTP site
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The FTP protocol provides for automatic site-wide searching capabilities for locating a
desired file.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
No, the FTP protocol only provides a communication protocol mechanism for copying
files across a network.
The correct answer is 'False'.

Quiz #5
Which of the following standard file types for graphic/image storage requires
a CLUT (Color Look-Up Table)?
Select one:
a. GIF
b. Postscript / Encapsulated Postscript
c. BMP
d. JPEG

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Correct! GIF is an 8-bit format which requires a CLUT to store the specific 256 (or less)
colors contained in the image.
The correct answer is: GIF
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Which of the image/graphic storage formats negates or alleviates the problems
of 'aliasing' or 'jaggies' that may occur in image/graphic processing?
Select one:
a. GIF
b. Bit-Map

c. JPEG
d. Vector/Structured Graphics

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Correct! Scaling Vector/Structured Graphic formats entails increasing the coefficients in
the mathematical expressions. This is much more accurate than computing the scaled
location coordinates of individual pixels of a bit map format
The correct answer is: Vector/Structured Graphics
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Follow the file link below to a Bit-Map image. What type of image is displayed?
handsbm.jpg
Select one:
a. Alpha Channel
b. CLUTs
c. Grayscale
d. Monochrome

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Correct! Using only black/white pixels, images can only give the perception, through the
process of dithering, of limited levels of shading.
The correct answer is: Monochrome
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Which of the following terms describe compressed graphic/image file formats, in which
the displayed uncompressed image is NOT identical to the originally stored image?
Select one:
a. Vector/Structured Graphics
b. Lossless
c. Bit-Map
d. Lossy

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Correct! GIF, JPEG, etc., do NOT retain all of the image information.
The correct answer is: Lossy
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Choose the best answer to the following: A National Geographic television program is an
example of what type of media?
Select one:
a. Multimedia
b. Hypermedia

c. None of these
d. Both Multimedia and Hypermedia

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Correct! Educational TV programs are linear and do not interact with the watcher.
The correct answer is: Multimedia
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Which of the following graphic/image file storage formats is composed of analytical
geometry formula representations for basic geometric shapes?
Select one:
a. 24-bit Bit-Map Color
b. Grayscale
c. 8-bit Bit-Map Color
d. Vector/Structured Graphics

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Correct! Vector/Structured Graphic file formats are composed of analytical geometrical
mathematical expressions.
The correct answer is: Vector/Structured Graphics
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Follow the file link below to a Bit-Map image. What type of image is displayed?
handsgs.jpg
Select one:
a. Grayscale
b. Alpha Channel
c. Monochrome
d. CLUTs

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Correct! The image does not contain color, but has more than two levels of shading.
The correct answer is: Grayscale
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Which of the following Adobe Acrobat products is freeware?
Select one:
a. Capture
b. Reader

c. Professional
d. Standard

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Correct! Adobe makes the Acrobat Reader application freely available for download.
The correct answer is: Reader
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The fewer the number of pixels that compose an image, the higher the resolution.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! Fewer pixels in an image results in lower resolutions.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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HyperText documents must be read from beginning to end (i.e., top to bottom, left to
right) for complete understanding, the same as a printed textbook.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! Hypertext documents, because of their linked organization, can be read nonlinearly.
The correct answer is 'False'.

Quiz #6
Approximately how many minutes of uncompressed digital video could be stored and
played from a standard (single-speed) CD-ROM at 640 X 480 resolution using 256
colors? Hint: Refer back to the graphic formats notes for 640 X 480 8-bit storage
requirements.
Select one:
a. Approximately 1 hour
b. A little over 1 minute
c. Approximately 30 seconds
d. Approximately 30 minutes

Feedback
Correct! CD-ROMs hold about 600MB, and 1 second of uncompressed 8-bit color, 640 X
480 resolution, digital video requires approximately 9 MB of storage. Thus 600MB / 9
MB/sec = 66.666 sec. of video.
The correct answer is: A little over 1 minute
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Why does studio quality video require that luminance be sampled twice as often
as chrominance?
Select one:
a. Because the human vision system is more sensitive to changes in luminance than
in chrominance
b. Because the chrominance is composed of two signals (UV) and the luminance is
composed of only 1 signal (Y)
c. Because the human vision system is more sensitive to changes in chrominance
than in luminance
d. Because luminance is sampled in 2 X 2 pixel squares and chrominance is sampled
in 4 X 4 pixel squares
Feedback
Correct! Sampling luminance twice as much as chrominance effectively discards half of
the less important color information.
The correct answer is: Because the human vision system is more sensitive to changes in
luminance than in chrominance
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What is the MP3 recording bit rate needed to achive near CD quality?

Select one:
a. 44 kbit/sec
b. 22 kbit/sec
c. 128 kbit/sec
d. 11 kbit/sec

Feedback
No, 11 kbit/sec is the rate needed for medium fidelity of human speech. 22 kbit/sec is
the playback rate needed for high fidelity on CDs. 44 kbit/sec is the sampling rate
needed for high fidelity on CDs. The MP3 format achieves CD audio quality with very
high 12:1 compression rates, which require a high recording bit rate.
The correct answer is: 128 kbit/sec
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In order to achieve the highest compression of digitized video, which of the following
recording practices should be adopted?
Select one:
a. Recording in grayscale (black and white)
b. Recording with movie cameras instead of TV camcorders
c. Recording against stable backgrounds
d. Recording with either SVHS, Hi-8, BetacamSP, or digital recorders

Feedback
Correct! In digital video, static/stable backgrounds do not require repeated storage
across frames, resulting in substantial storage savings.

The correct answer is: Recording against stable backgrounds

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After filtering, digitized video is converted from the YUV color scheme (used in NTSC) to
the RGB (primary additive) color scheme used in computers.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! The human vision system is more sensitive to changes in luminance than in
color, thus digital video is stored in the YUV color scheme that television uses, which
allows for separate luminance and chrominance sampling in the digitization step.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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In order to eliminate or reduce the Nyquist Effect upon digitized sound, which of the
following relationships must hold?
Select one:
a. The playback rate must be twice the sampling rate

b. Lower fidelty and lower storage requirements must be accepted

c. The sampling rate must be twice the playback rate
d. The sampling rate must be equal the playback rate

Feedback
Correct! If the sampling rate equaled the playback rate and a sound wave only changed
during this single period of the time, then only a single tone would be reproduced.
The correct answer is: The sampling rate must be twice the playback rate
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The record industry uses which of the following digital audio standards for CDs?
Select one:
a. ADPCM (Adapative Differential Pulse Code Modulation)
b. PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
c. DPCM (Differential Pulse Code Modulation)
d. None of these

Feedback
Correct! PCM stores a 2 byte (16 bits - 65,536 discrete levels) digital value for every
sampled value of sound.
The correct answer is: PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
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Which of the following tables correctly shows the audio playback rates (frequencies)
matched to the type of fidelity they best achieve?
TABLE 1:

Rates

Fidelity

5.5 kHz

High Fidelity (CD quality)

11 kHz

Medium Fidelity (FM quality)

22 kHz

Low Fidelity (AM quality, human speech)

TABLE 2:

Rates

Fidelity

5.5 kHz

Low Fidelity (AM quality, human speech)

11 kHz

Medium Fidelity (FM quality)

22 kHz

High Fidelity (CD quality)

TABLE 3:

Rates

Fidelity

11 kHz

High Fidelity (CD quality)

22 kHz

Medium Fidelity (FM quality)

44 kHz

Low Fidelity (AM quality, human speech)

TABLE 4:

Rates

Fidelity

22 kHz

Low Fidelity (AM quality, human speech)

44 kHz

Medium Fidelity (FM quality)

88 kHz

High Fidelity (CD quality)

Select one:
a. Table 1
b. Table 2
c. Table 3
d. Table 4

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Correct! The fidelity rates are given in the discussion at the bottom of the second
(Sampling) page of the Digital Sound course notes.
The correct answer is: Table 2
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Question text
Which of the following digital video compression artifacts does
the filtering step NOT solve?
Select one:
a. Aliasing
b. All these artifacts are solved by filtering
c. Moir patterns
d. Jaggies

Feedback
Correct! All the above artifacts are solved by filtering.
The correct answer is: All these artifacts are solved by filtering
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What are the two phases of converting analog sound into digital sound?
Select one:
a. Playback and Compression
b. Sampling and Quantization
c. Quantization and Compression
d. Sampling and Compression

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Correct! Sampling is the rate at which the converted sound is captured and Quantization
is the mapping of the analog (continuous sound) onto digital (discrete) values.

The correct answer is: Sampling and Quantization

Quiz #7
Which term does NOT represent the name (or type of a program) used by Web search
engines to collect information by automatically visiting Web sites?
Select one:
a. Traversers
b. Robots
c. Spiders
d. Worms
e. Crawlers
f. Wanderers

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Correct! Web search engines employ robot, worm, spider, wanderer, or crawler
programs that traverse the internet automatically collecting information about web
sites.
The correct answer is: Traversers
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If one wishes to locate documents about the famous computer pioneer "Alan Turing",
which of the following should be entered into the search text box to yield the 'best'
results? Hint: the best results would locate documents only about "Alan Turing".
Select one:
a. Ala* Turi*

b. Alan AND Turing

c. Alan XOR Turing
d. Alan OR Turing

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Correct! This would locate documents with the words "Alan" and "Turing", and thus only
about Alan Turing.
The correct answer is: Alan AND Turing
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Recompressing graphic files stored in .JPG/.JPEG or .GIF formats into a .ZIP archive will
yield a compressed file that is 25% - 50% the size of the original file.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! Most image file formats like .JPG/.JPEG or .GIF are already compressed and
zipping them up will yield almost no further storage savings.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following types of compression algorithm classes is used for
compressing (i.e., creating) archives that contain data and executable files?
Select one:
a. Lossy Algorithms
b. tar Algorithms
c. Lossless Algorithms
d. jpeg or jpg Algorithms

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Correct! Unlike images, data and executable files must be restored without any loss of
data to make the files usable.
The correct answer is: Lossless Algorithms
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Assume that the archives created in the following description store the exact same
image files (.jpg). Which of the following archive file types produces the largest
compressed archive (in terms of the file size of the created archive)?
Select one:
a. A ZIP archive (.ZIP)

b. None of the these (they all would be of equal size)

c. A tar archive (.tar)
d. A self extracting archive (.EXE)

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No, the self extracting archive will be larger as the archive must contain the program
code to automatically decompress the file. Zipping the image files will give negligible
compression over just tarring the files.
The correct answer is: A self extracting archive (.EXE)
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Which of the following general statements about compressed archives is FALSE?
Select one:
a. A compressed archive may exceed available disk storage (e.g., floppies)
b. Decompression commmonly restores the original directory structure
c. Compressed archives can contain multiple files and directories
d. Tape archives (i.e., tar archives) are always compressed

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Correct! TAR archives are not compressed. They are only used to group together files for
backup.
The correct answer is: Tape archives (i.e., tar archives) are always compressed
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Which of the following types of files would yield the highest compression rates?
Select one:
a. Text files
b. Tar Files
c. None of these (they all result in equal rates)
d. Binary Files

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Correct! Text files typically results in a 50% compression ratio.
The correct answer is: Text files
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Which of the following Web search engines indexes every word (excluding definite
articles, conjunctions, etc.) in the Web documents for which it stores information?
Select one:
a. About.com
b. Open Directory Project
c. Yahoo! Directory

d. Bing

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Correct! Bing is an indexed search engine that performs a full-text index on every word
in a document.
The correct answer is: Bing
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To refine a search on the famous computer pioneer, "Alan Turing", which of the
following should be entered into the search text box to ensure that documents are
located in which the words "Alan Turing" appear approximately within the same
sentence or separated only by several words?
Select one:
a. (Alan OR Turing) OR (Alan AND Turing)
b. (Alan AND Turing) AND (Alan NEAR Turing)
c. (Alan AND Turing) AND (Alan OR Turing)
d. (Alan OR Turing) OR (Alan* Turing*)

Feedback
Correct! The NEAR search operator of some web search engines allow the "distance"
between words in a search to be minimized.
The correct answer is: (Alan AND Turing) AND (Alan NEAR Turing)
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Which of the following types of Web search tools should one employ when the exact
nature/description of the information being sought after is not entirely known?
Select one:
a. Indexed Database Engines
b. Subject Directory Engines
c. None of these
d. Netscape/IE browsing

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No, indexed engines (unlike Subject Directory Engines) are not necessarily hierarchically
organized databases that will allow one to mine down to the type of information they
wish to locate when they don't specifically know what it is beforehand.
The correct answer is: Subject Directory Engines

Quiz #8
PURL technology for persistent URLs was developed by what organization?
Select one:
a. Virginia Tech Distributed Information Systems
b. Scholarly Communications Project
c. None of these
d. Online Computer Library Center

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Correct! The OCLC developed PURL technology to solve the problem of finding
constantly moved Web pages.
The correct answer is: Online Computer Library Center

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The US Supreme Court Betamax (Fair Use) case has resulted in authors and publishers
freely granting permission for usage of works and publishing in electronic formats.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! The Sony Betamax (Fair Use) case is much more restrictive and very few
authors/publishers grant free use of their copyrighted work.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Access the FirstSearch database provided by the Virginia Tech library. (If you have
problems accessing it, it is probably because you are coming from off-campus. See
the VT library databases page for instructions for extended-campus VT users.)
Search the WorldCatDissertations (A database of all dissertations and theses
available in WorldCat)database of FirstSearch to determine the number of available
English PhD Thesis/Dissertations produced in 1990 or later that contain the words
either education or instruction and Web in the title.
Which number below is closest to the results of your search in the dissertation
database?

Select one:
a. 700
b. 0
c. 1000
d. 5
e. 500

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Correct! I located 705 available PhD dissertations on Web instruction/education using
FirstSearch (Feb. 6, 2013).
The correct answer is: 700
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What is the chief problem of implementing interoperability in digital libraries?
Select one:
a. Storing the large amounts of meta-data required for digital libraries
b. Dealing with the heterogenous storage and representation of library
collections
c. Turning traditional print libraries into electronic libraries
d. None of these

Feedback

Correct! Interoperability refers to the degree to which libraries can be connected, and
the main problem is in dealing with the different storage and representation systems
libraries employ.
The correct answer is: Dealing with the heterogenous storage and representation of
library collections
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Which of the following is NOT an example of digital library metadata?
Select one:
a. HTML Anchor tags: <A HREF=. . .>
b. HTML Meta tags: <META . . .>
c. Electronic Card Catalog
d. HTML Image tags: <IMG SRC= . . .>

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No, HTML image tags do not store information about the image data content.
The correct answer is: HTML Image tags: <IMG SRC= . . .>
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Which of the following Theses or Dissertations is NOT available online through the
Virginia Tech library? Hint: browse the VT Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Library by
author.
Select one:
a. "The Effects of Technology Education, Science, and Mathematics Integration Upon
Eighth Grader's Technological Problem-Solving Ability" by Vincent Childress
b. "The Effects of Three Methods of Computer-Based Instruction (CBI) on
Psychomotor Performance of College Students" by Mitchell Henke
c. "The Effects of Humor on Cognitive Learning in a Computer-Based
Environment"by Robert Whisonant
d. None of these (they are all available online)
e. "Factors Related to Computer Use by Teachers in Classroom Instruction" by
Strader Blankenship
f. "Student Use of Information Sources About Student Activities" by Paul Dolezel
g. "Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Computer-Assisted Instruction in Technical
Education and Training" by Mohammad Yaakub
Feedback
No, all the above dissertations are available online
through http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/browse/by_author/and http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/th
eses/etd-search.html
The correct answer is: None of these (they are all available online)
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The largest digital library in existence is the World Wide Web (WWW). How BIG is the
WWW (as of February 2013)? There are various ways to attempt to answer this
question.

For the sake of simplicity we are asking to find out how many web
servers are available on the WWW?
Hint: one of the most widely respected survey sites about the web is performed by
netcraft.com, an internet services company in England, found at this web server survey.
Of course a better question to ask might be how many "unique URLs on the web" exist?
And of course this needs to be asked of the search engine which is now a verb.
(Note: search engines don't index everything available on the Web [or the Internet].
See the Deep Web.)
Select one:
a. Approximately 1 trillion web pages
b. Approximately 50 billion web pages
c. Approximately 630 million web pages
Correct!
Alternate correct answer is 1 trillion. See the Google blog article: "We knew the web was
big ...".
d. Approximately 5 billion web pages

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The correct answer is: Approximately 1 trillion web pages
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What was the earliest result of the digital library research, in the area of standards, to
achieve higher interoperability levels for document retrieval and representation?
Select one:
a. ISO Z39.50 protocol
b. None of these

c. WAIS
d. HTML, HTTP & MIME

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Correct! The Web's document markup format (HTML) and transportation mechanisms
(HTTP, MIME) resulted partially from early work in the area of digital library research
standards.
The correct answer is: HTML, HTTP & MIME
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Which of the following digital library research databases, available at the Virginia Tech
library, is an index primarily of articles and reports about Education?
Select one:
a. PAIS International
b. ERIC
c. GPO Access
d. LEXIS-NEXIS

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Correct! ERIC (Educational Resources Information Center) is a database of research
articles on all aspects of education.
The correct answer is: ERIC
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Which of the following is NOT an example of a connected network of digital libraries?
a. Digital Public Library of America
b. Bibliomania
c. DELOS Network of Excellence
Select one:
a. Digital Public Library of America
b. Bibliomania
c. DELOS Network of Excellence
d. None of these (they are all digital library networks)

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No, Bibliomania is an e-text site, not a connected network of libraries.
The correct answer is: Bibliomania

Quiz #9
The following HTML produced list:
o This is item one.
o This is item two.
was produced with which of the following tags?
Select one:
a. <CL> </CL>

b. <OL> </OL>

c. <UL> </UL>

d. <BL> </BL>

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Correct! Un-numbered lists with bullets are produced with the <UL> </UL> (un-ordered
List) HTML tags.
The correct answer is: <UL> </UL>
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Which of the following source HTML formatted sentences contains an example of
overlapped tags?
Select one:
a. It <I> might</I> be this <B> sentence</B>.

b. Or it could be <I> <B> this</B> sentence</I> .

c. However <I> this could be the <B> right</I> sentence</B>.

d. Perhaps <B> it <I> is the last</I> sentence</B>.

Feedback
Correct! In this case, the Italic tag which starts before the Bold tag has been prematurely terminated before theBold tag.
The correct answer is: However <I> this could be the <B> right</I> sentence</B>.
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White space (blanks, tabs, and carriage returns) can be used, without special tags, for
exact text positioning in Web pages. Web browsers will preserve white space
automatically, unless specifically instructed not to.
Select one:
True

False

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No, extra white space cannot be used for exact text positioning and will usually be
ignored by Web browsers.
The correct answer is 'False'.

Question

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The heading tags ( <H1>, <H2>, ... <H6> ) increase in size with their number. (i.e.,
Text within a <H6> tag is bigger than text within a <H1> tag.)
Select one:
True

False

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Correct! The <H1> tag is the largest and the <H6> is the smallest, so they decrease in
size.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Heading tags ( <H1> </H1>. . . <H6> </H6> ) must be placed between the <HEAD>
</HEAD> tags.
Select one:
True

False

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Correct! The various Heading level tags can be placed anywhere in the document to
indicate sections and sub-sections of the document.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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HTML documents look absolutely identical (i.e., are displayed exactly the same) when
viewed with different Web browsers.

Select one:
True

False

Feedback
Correct! HTML was designed as a document structured language (not a layout
language), so the way that Web browsers display the structure of a HTML document can
differ significantly.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Use of the WIDTH and HEIGHT attributes of the IMG tag allows Web browsers to display
surrounding text (i.e., text which precedes and follows the image) in a document while
images are being loaded.
Select one:
True

False

Feedback

Correct! By giving the dimensions of the image file in the IMG tag the web browser can
determine how much of the display window to leave for the image display prior to
downloading the image. (This is more important when users view pages using slow
modem connections.)
The correct answer is 'True'.
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Arachnophilia is a WYSIWYG HTML Web editor.
Select one:
True

False

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Correct! Arachnophilia is a text-based freeware Web authoring tool that displays the
HTML tags and does NOT apply any formatting to the document text.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following tags could be included in an HTML document to display a picture
of the Earth? (Assume that a GIF format of the Earth exists in the same directory as the
HTML document and is named 'Earth.gif'.) Hint: not all tags have ending tags and, as
any good reporter knows, getting your quotes right is important.
Select one:
a. <image source="Earth.gif">

b. <img src="Earth.gif">

c. <image source='Earth.gif'> </image>

d. <img src='Earth.gif'> </image>

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Correct! The <img src="xxx.gif"> HTML tag has no ending tag and the name of the file
is case sensitive and must be enclosed in "double quotes".
The correct answer is: <img src="Earth.gif">
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HTML documents should begin with which of the following tags?
Select one:
a. <HTML>

b. <HEAD>

c. <BODY>

d. <TITLE>

Feedback
Correct! Web browsers can handle different types of documents, so they need to have
the document type identified in the first tag.
The correct answer is: <HTML>

Quiz #10
Given the following image map tag specification:

<IMG SRC="map.gif" WIDTH=252

HEIGHT=128 BORDER=0 ALIGN=bottom
usemap="#map">
Which of following AREA tags (placed last in the list of AREA tags) would link all
unspecified (not covered by other shapes) areas of the map to the " nolink.html"
document?
Select one:

a. <AREA SHAPE="circle" COORDS="128, 64, 32, 16" HREF="nolink.html">

b. <AREA SHAPE="polygon" COORDS="0, 0, 252, 128" HREF="nolink.html">
c. <AREA SHAPE="ellipse" COORDS="128, 64, 32, 16" HREF="nolink.html">
d. <AREA SHAPE="rect" COORDS="0, 0, 252, 128" HREF="nolink.html">

Feedback
Correct! A default AREA tag (placed last in the list of AREA tags) should be a rectangle
that has coordinates beginning at (0, 0) and ending with the coordinates of the width
and height of the image.
The correct answer is: <AREA SHAPE="rect" COORDS="0, 0, 252, 128"
HREF="nolink.html">
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Which of the following GIF image file format options allows Web browsers to download
and display the stored image to achieve successive fuzzy (out of focus) displays of the
image until the final clear image is shown.
Select one:
a. Transparency
b. Animation
c. Interlacing
d. None of these

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Correct! Interlaced saved GIFs allow a browser to download and display alternating lines
of the image which results in a fuzzy to clear fade in effect. (This effect is most
noticeable with very large images or over slow modem connections.)
The correct answer is: Interlacing
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Setting one color of a GIF image to be transparent allows for which of the following
viewing/displaying effects?
Select one:
a. The transparent color portions of the image 'mask' or hide the Web page
background images or colors
b. The transparent color portions of the image are NOT downloaded to the Web
browser when viewing the page that contains them
c. Web page background images or colors 'show through' or replace the transparent
color portions of the image
d. Web page background images are drawn over and replace GIF images with
transparent settings
Feedback
Correct! The transparent color of a GIF is not drawn by a Web browser which results in
the underlying page text or images to be viewed through the GIF.
The correct answer is: Web page background images or colors 'show through' or replace
the transparent color portions of the image
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Which of the following is NOT a method for specifying the number of ROWS and COLS of
a Frameset?
Select one:
a. Relative scaling, e.g., <FRAMESET COLS="2*,*"> </FRAMESET>
b. Fractional sizes, e.g., <FRAMESET COLS="0.25, 0.75"> </FRAMESET>
c. Pixel sizes, e.g., <FRAMESET COLS="100, 300"> </FRAMESET>
d. Percentages, e.g., <FRAMESET COLS="25%, 75%"> </FRAMESET>

Feedback
No, the ROWS and COLS of a Frameset are specified by either pixel size, percentage, or
relative scaling value, but not decimal value.
The correct answer is: Fractional sizes, e.g., <FRAMESET COLS="0.25, 0.75">
</FRAMESET>
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A Web page that is broken up into Frames allows for the viewing of multiple HTML
documents, one per frame.
Select one:
True

False

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Correct! Each frame in a frameset displays the contents of one HTML document.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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Which of the following is an invalid image map shape?
Select one:
a. Rectangle
b. Ellipse
c. Polygon
d. Circle

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Correct! The valid image map shapes are Rectangle, Circle, and Polygon.
The correct answer is: Ellipse
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Question text
In order to allow a link in one frame to change the contents in another frame, which of
the following attributes is used with the ANCHOR tag, <A>?
Select one:
a. TARGET="frameName"
b. SRC="frameName"
c. FRAME="frameName"
d. NAME="frameName"

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Correct! The TARGET attribute of the link <A> tag is used to indicate a specific FRAME
for HTML document display.
The correct answer is: TARGET="frameName"
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Which of the following tags correctly assigns the document "page1.html" to be
displayed in a frame?
Select one:
a. <HREF="page1.html">
b. <CONTENT SRC="page1.html"> </CONTENT>
c. <FRAME SRC="page1.html">
d. <SOURCE="page1.html">

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Correct! The SRC attribute of the FRAME tag is used to specify the HTML page for the
frame display.
The correct answer is: <FRAME SRC="page1.html">
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Which of the following image shapes might be specified in a image map by the following
coordinates:

COORDS "200, 70, 30"

Select one:
a. Ellipse
b. Circle
c. Polygon
d. Rectangle

Feedback
No, of the valid image map shapes, only a Circle requires three parameters (the x- and
y-coordinate location of the center point and the length of the radius).
The correct answer is: Circle
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Question text
GIF animations require the Web Browser client to continuously download successive GIF
image files composing the animation from the Web Server.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! Multiple GIF images are stored in one GIF file, which is downloaded only once.
The correct answer is 'False'.

Quiz #11
Which of the following actions are Java applets allowed to perform?
Select one:
a. Displaying graphics on a user's monitor
b. Deleting a file on a user's hard drive
c. Writing a file on a user's hard drive
d. Reading from a file on a user's hard drive

Feedback
Correct! Due to security concerns, Java applets (not Java applications) are highly
restricted in the actions they are allowed to perform.
The correct answer is: Displaying graphics on a user's monitor
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Which of the following is NOT a Javascript object hierarchy element?

Select one:
a. window
b. None of these (all are Javascript object hierarchy elements)
c. history
d. location
e. document
f. bookmark

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Correct! The JavaScript object hierarchy elements are discussed on page 5 of the
Java/Script notes, but bookmark is not one of them.
The correct answer is: bookmark
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Where in a HTML file must the CSS document level styles (<STYLE> </STYLE> tags) be
placed?
Select one:
a. Between the <CSS> </CSS> tags
b. Between the <TITLE> </TITLE> tags
c. Between the <HEAD> </HEAD> tags
d. Between the <SCRIPT> </SCRIPT> tags

Feedback
Correct! Document-level CSS styles are required to be located between the <HEAD>
</HEAD> tags.
The correct answer is: Between the <HEAD> </HEAD> tags
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Which of the following is NOT executed 'within or by' a Web browser?
Select one:
a. Java applet
b. Java application
c. None of these (All are executable within a Web browser)
d. Javascript code

Feedback
Correct! Java applications (like other programming language applications) do not require
a Web browser in order to execute.
The correct answer is: Java application
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Which of the following is NOT an electronic book project on the Net?

Select one:
a. Oxford Text Archive
b. Library of Congress
c. Project Bartleby
d. Project Gutenberg

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Correct! Project Gutenberg and Project Bartleby are two of the oldest and largest Web
electronic book projects, and the Oxford Text Archive is quickly becoming a major source
for electronic books.
The correct answer is: Library of Congress
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Addison is an example of an OPAC. Hint: the forerunner of "Addison" was VTLS. Please
visit the Virginia Tech library website for more information.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! Addison (the descendent of VTLS) is the On-line Public Access Catalog of the
Virginia Tech library.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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Which of the following types of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) styles is similar in its
usage to HTML tags and is used for specifying formatting for individual HTML tags?
Select one:
a. Inline Styles
b. Document-level styles
c. Outline styles
d. Site-level styles

Feedback
Correct! Inline CCS styles can be set in HTML tags by using the optional STYLE attribute.
The correct answer is: Inline Styles
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Which of the following is NOT a valid Javascript event?
Select one:
a. blur
b. menu

c. mouseover
d. error
e. focus
f. load

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Correct! The JavaScript Event Handlers table on page 5 of the Java/Script notes lists the
valid JavaScript Events, but menu is not one of them.
The correct answer is: menu
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Which of the following HTML tags are used to embed Java bytecode in a HTML
document?
Select one:
a. <APPLET> </APPLET>
b. <CODEBASE> </CODEBASE>
c. <SCRIPT> </SCRIPT>
d. <JAVA> </JAVA>

Feedback
Correct! The <APPLET> </APPLET> HTML tags are used to specify the embedding of a
Java applet on a web page.
The correct answer is: <APPLET> </APPLET>
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Which of the following CSS positioning attributes allows a web page author to control
the layering of elements on a web page?
Select one:
a. z-index
b. height
c. top
d. left

Feedback
Correct! The z-index CSS attribute allows an author to specify an integer layer level to
which the element is added by the browser. Thus the z-index is a 3-dimensional
plane/layer location on the page.
The correct answer is: z-index

Quiz #12
Which of the following may be contained in an XML element? Hint: while a response
may be partially correct, it may not be the best answer.
Select one:
a. A mixture of PCDATA and sub-elements
b. PCDATA
c. All of these may be contained within an XML element
d. sub-elements

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Correct! XML documents can contain PCDATA (raw text), sub-elements of XML elements,
and a combination of the two.
The correct answer is: All of these may be contained within an XML element
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The LiveUpdate feature of Norton Anti-virus provides which of the following features?
Select one:
a. Downloads new virus definitions for detection
b. Scans your hard drive for live viruses in order to eradicate them
c. Uploads detected viruses to a Symantec newtork server
d. Scans your hard drive for dead viruses in order to quarantine them

Feedback
Correct! Norton Anti-virus LiveUpdate downloads new information about new viruses as
they are discovered to allow for up-to-date detection.
The correct answer is: Downloads new virus definitions for detection
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If your computer is turned into a zombie, then it may be used in which one of the
following manners?
Select one:
a. To spread viruses across the Internet
b. To monitor and secretly report your Internet activities to the federal government
c. Controlled remotely to launch denial of service (DOS) attacks
d. Controlled by an evil empire in a plot to take control of the world ;-)

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Correct! Computers that have become Zombies are controlled remotely in DOS attacks.
The correct answer is: Controlled remotely to launch denial of service (DOS) attacks
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Which one of the following is NOT a type of firewall protection?
Select one:
a. Stateful Inspection
b. Realtime File Protection
c. Proxy Service
d. Packet Filtering

Feedback
Correct! Firewalls perform packet filtering, Stateful Inspection, and may provide a Proxy
Service to protect your system.
The correct answer is: Realtime File Protection

Question

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Which of the following Norton Anti-virus scan types constantly monitors files for the
most effective virus protection?
Select one:
a. Scheduled Scans
b. File System Realtime Protection
c. Custom Scans
d. Scan Computer

Feedback
Correct! Realtime File System Protection allows Norton Anti-virus to continually scan files
as they are accessed to prevent infected file usage.
The correct answer is: File System Realtime Protection
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Which one of the following types of computer infections does not need to attach or
embed itself in other files in order to replicate?
Select one:

a. Worm
b. None of these
c. Trojan Horse
d. Computer Virus

Feedback
Correct! Worms are executable programs that replicate without the need of a host file to
embed themselves.
The correct answer is: Worm
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Which of the following was NOT an XML objective?
Select one:
a. Predefined sets of tags
b. Simplistic syntax
c. Data representation standard
d. Format to describe structure and content rather than presentation

Feedback
Correct! XML goals are simple syntax, a web standard for data representation, and to
provide a format to annotate a document's structure and content.
The correct answer is: Predefined sets of tags
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An HTML document is also an XML document.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! HTML documents contain presentation information and XML documents contain
content and content description information.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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What does the acronym XML represent?
Select one:
a. eXtensible Markup Language
b. eXpressive Mathematical Language
c. eXtended Markup Language
d. eXtensible Makeup Language

Feedback
Correct!
The correct answer is: eXtensible Markup Language
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Which one of the following types of computer infections cannot replicate itself?
Select one:
a. Worms
b. Computer virus
c. Trojan horse
d. None of the these (They all replicate themselves)

Feedback
Correct! Only Trojan Horse viruses do not replicate themselves.
The correct answer is: Trojan horse

Quiz #13
Which of the following Internet communication mechanisms is NOT an example
of synchronous communication?
Select one:
a. Audio/text chatting
b. Shared Whiteboards
c. Email

d. IRC

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Correct! Email is an asynchronous network communication method.
The correct answer is: Email
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Which of the following user communication modes does IRC (Internet Relay
Chat) NOT provide?
Select one:
a. None of these (It provides all of these)
b. many - one
c. one - many
d. one - one
e. many - many

Feedback
Correct! IRC provides for many communication modes.
The correct answer is: None of these (It provides all of these)
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File exchange, Google Talk, provides which of the following features? (Note: Google
Talk is NOT the same as Gmail Chat.)
Select one:
a. Multi-user hard disk file management
b. Synchronized browser Web surfing
c. File transfer/exchange between users
d. Multi-user document editing

Feedback
Correct, Google Talk provides for direct user to user (aka peer-to-peer) file copying.
The correct answer is: File transfer/exchange between users
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IRC does NOT allow for messages to be sent only to specific individuals. (All messages
are viewable by all channel participants.)
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! IRC channels can be private limited to 2 people, and the IRC command / MSG
sends a private message to a specific person that other channel participants do not
receive.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Current Digital audio communication across the Internet is much more reliable than
analog telephone communication.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! Due to limited bandwidth, varying TCP/IP packet throughput rates, bandwidth
congestion, and electrical grid reliance, audio chatting and IP telephony is NOT as
reliable as analog phone quality.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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On most IRC servers (e.g., the DALnet: US, FL, Jacksonville server) when one enters the
name of a non-existent channel to join what happens?
Select one:
a. Nothing, the request is ignored
b. The user is automatically disconnected
c. The user is suspended until another user requests the same channel
d. The channel is automatically created

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Correct! New channels, or communication groups, get created automatically in this
manner.
The correct answer is: The channel is automatically created
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Which of the following internet communication mechanisms does Google
Talk NOT provide? (Note: Google Talk is NOT Google Mail, i.e., Gmail Chat.)
Select one:
a. Audio conferencing
b. Video conferencing
c. Voice mail
d. Text chatting

Feedback
Correct! Google Talk provides a lot of communication mechanisms but lacks
videoconferencing.

The correct answer is: Video conferencing

Comments
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Web based chat systems may use an underlying IRC server.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! Quite a few Web-based chats are simply graphical front-end Web interfaces for
a back-end IRC server.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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A shared whiteboard (e.g., the shared whiteboard in Groupboard) only allows one
user to edit the document. The document file must first be transferred to another user
(by email attachment or FTP) before it can be edited/changed by them.
Select one:

True
False

Feedback
Correct! The Groupboard shared whiteboard allows multiple users to edit the same
document, and only one of the users need initially possess the file.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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In terms of Internet chats (IRC and others), what is meant by the term 'moderated
chat'?
Select one:
a. Users can converse for a limited time period
b. Limitations are enforced on users' behavior by referees/arbitrators
c. Users are limited to a specific number of bytes to transmit
d. Discussions are limited to modern topics

Feedback
Correct! The chat moderator acts as a filtering agent by approving all posts to the chat
session before they are sent to all participants.
The correct answer is: Limitations are enforced on users' behavior by
referees/arbitrators

Quiz #14
Which of the following best describes the difference between Connection-oriented vs.
Connectionless network communication?

Select one:
a. Connectionless communication releases the connection, whereas connectionoriented communication does not.
b. Connectionless communication occurs entirely over the same network path,
whereas connection-oriented communication always uses different network paths for
parts of the message.
c. Connection-oriented communication occurs as a continuous packet stream.
Whereas Connectionless communication occurs one packet at a time.
d. Connectionless communication utilizes virtual circuits, whereas connectionoriented communication does not.
Feedback
Correct! Continuous packet streams are a feature of Connection-oriented
communication only.
The correct answer is: Connection-oriented communication occurs as a continuous
packet stream. Whereas Connectionless communication occurs one packet at a time.
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TCP/IP refers to a single protocol that enables data communication in a network of
computers.
Select one:
True
False

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No, TCP/IP is really two protocols (TCP and IP) and, in general usage, people use it to
refer to several related protocols.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following describes a subnet mask for an IP address?
Select one:
a. It is not deducible from the IP address
b. It provides routing information
c. It allows the IP address to be broken into a network part and a host part
d. All of these

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Correct! The subnet mask provides routing information by dividing the IP address into a
network part and a host part. Current subnet masks can no longer be determined by the
IP address.
The correct answer is: All of these
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The unit of transfer provided by the IP (Internet Protocol) is the datagram?

Select one:
True
False

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Yes, an IP datagram is composed of two parts: the header and the data. The header
contains routing and control fields, and the data is the actual transmitted message.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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Which of the following is a valid IP address?
Select one:
a. 141.52.42.90
b. 201.95.256.1
c. 190.130.42.90.1
d. All are valid addresses

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Correct! Valid IP addresses contain four numbers between 0 and 255.
The correct answer is: 141.52.42.90
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A hostname is the same thing as an IP address.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! A hostname is a name for a computer while the IP address is unique
identification number of your computer's network interface.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following is NOT a function provided by the IP (Internet Protocol)?
Select one:
a. Manages source and destination computer port numbers.
b. Sends datagrams from the source to destination computers.
c. Decomposes and reforms message datagrams.
d. Defines IP address scheme.

e. Transmits data among the transport & data link layers.

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Correct! Port numbers are are part of TCP segments.
The correct answer is: Manages source and destination computer port numbers.
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Which of the following does TCP NOT provide?
Select one:
a. All of these
b. Identification of the source port number
c. Virtual circuits for data transmission
d. Handshaking for connections
e. Flow control through sequence numbers and acknowledgments
f. None of these
g. Reliable delivery of messages

Feedback
Correct! TCP does not use virtual circuits, but it does provide the rest.
The correct answer is: Virtual circuits for data transmission
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Which of the following is an advantage of using packet switching over circuit switching?
Select one:
a. Better utilization of network capacity
b. The available bandwidth increases as more computers actively use the network
c. Each connection receives exclusively dedicated resources until it ends
d. It works better with continuous data signals like voice

Feedback
Correct! Packet switching uses the network better by interleaving communications and
allowing systems to share resources. This means that the bandwidth available for a
single computer may decrease as other computers use the network, but it will still get a
share. This method works best with "bursty" data rather than continuous streams.
The correct answer is: Better utilization of network capacity
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Which of the following is used to uniquely identify your computer's network interface
card to your computer's IP address?
Select one:
a. Subnet mask number.

b. Router address.
c. Gateway address.
d. Microsoft network address.
e. Ethernet address.
f. QoS packet address.
g. Tracerroute address.

Feedback
Correct! Your network interface card has a unique ethernet (MAC) address for this
purpose.
The correct answer is: Ethernet address.

Quiz #15
Which of the following provide web analytics solutions for measuring SEO effectiveness
for a website?
Select one:
a. All of the above.
b. WebTrends
c. Coremetrics
d. Google Analytics

Feedback
Correct!
The correct answer is: All of the above.
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Links are an important resource to rank webpages. But there are ways to game the
system by creating fake links. If a fake link is detected, which of the following action(s)
can a search engine take to directly punish the site using the fake link?
Select one:
a. Drop either the linking site's PageRank or the linking site entirely.
b. Devalue the link.
c. Use the link to point to some other site.
d. Ignore the link entirely.

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Correct!
The correct answer is: Drop either the linking site's PageRank or the linking site entirely.
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While designing the content of a website we should keep in mind
Select one:
a. none of the other options.
b. a good balance between users need and search engine keywords.

c. only user's need.

d. best search engine keywords.

Feedback
Correct! Good content is needed for users to appreciate, but keywords will help them to
land find the site in the first place.
The correct answer is: a good balance between users need and search engine keywords.
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There are two different kinds of sitemaps - HTML and XML.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! HTML and XML are two different kinds of sitemaps.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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Which of the following is NOT a main component of a search engine?

Select one:
a. Crawler (aka spider, robot, or bot)
b. Algorithm (aka ranking formula)
c. None of the these
d. Count (aka number of webpages to search)

Feedback
Correct! The two main components of a search engine are crawler and algorithm.
The correct answer is: None of the these
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Title and meta description tags are useful for SEO purposes.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct!
The correct answer is 'True'.
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Which of the following page components helps the most with getting the page indexed
for search results?
Select one:
a. Images
b. PDF files
c. Flash animations
d. Text

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Correct!
The correct answer is: Text
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Which of the following we need to avoid while designing SEOs for international
audience?
Select one:
a. Plan for translated and regionalized content
b. Research each international audience

c. Use auto translations

d. Use valid translations

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Correct! Auto translations of content should be avoided.
The correct answer is: Use auto translations
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The bigger the web gets, the importance of SEO diminishes.
Select one:
True
False

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Correct! The importance of SEO increases with the size of the web!
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Having links in a site helps in a lot of ways. Links help search engines by

Select one:
a. all of the above
b. finding internal pages, and learning site subject matter
c. calculating site popularity, and bringing visitors to the site
d. finding the site, and finding it more often

Feedback
Correct.
The correct answer is: all of the above

Quiz #16
A computer's network interface card (e.g., Ethernet card) uses an IP address to uniquely
identify itself form all other interface cards.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! It is the MAC ID that uniquely identifies the hardware. IPs identify computers on
a network and may be the same on different networks.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following is NOT true about the Document Object Model (DOM)?
Select one:

a. DOM provides access to the structure of the HTML document

b. DOM is a technology created and maintained by Microsoft
c. DOM is programming language independent
d. None of these (All of these are true)

Feedback
Correct! DOM is a standard proposed by the W3C.
The correct answer is: DOM is a technology created and maintained by Microsoft
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What does MUD stand for?
Select one:
a. None of these
b. Modem Utilizable Dialogue
c. Multiple User Dungeon
d. Manipulable User Dimension

Feedback
Correct! MUD stands Multiple User Dungeon.
The correct answer is: Multiple User Dungeon
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When setting up a Web server, it doesn't matter (or it makes no difference) whether the
computer's IP address is static or dynamic.
Select one:
True
False

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No, it makes a difference in how the server is registered and updated with DNS.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Domain Name Service (DNS) is a way of finding a IP address from a host name.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! DNS maps host names to IP addresses.
The correct answer is 'True'.

Question

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What is the most common routing algorithm in use today?
Select one:
a. Internet Path Tracing
b. Relay Search Path
c. Depth First Path
d. Open Shortest Path First

Feedback
Correct! Open Shortest Path First is the most common algorithm.
The correct answer is: Open Shortest Path First
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What does the MAC in a MAC address stand for?
Select one:
a. Media Access Control

b. Media Array Control

c. Multiple Area Conduit
d. Modem Access Control

Feedback
Correct! MAC stands for Media Access Control.
The correct answer is: Media Access Control
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Which of the following best describes routers?
Select one:
a. They are a critical part of the Internet
b. They are required to have at least three network interfaces
c. They are devices for directing traffic between computers
d. Both A and B
e. Both and A and C

Feedback
Correct! Routers are critical for directing traffic between computers and must have at
least two network interfaces.
The correct answer is: Both and A and C
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MUDs are not only games but have been (and still are) topics of social research.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! MUDs are much more than just games and have generated a variety of
research.
The correct answer is 'True'.
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DHTML is a single standardized technology for adding dynamic content to the web.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! DHTML is a collection of technologies and is not standardized.
The correct answer is 'False'.

Quiz #17
Which one of the following is a well known RSS reader?
Select one:
a. Google reader
b. uTorrent
c. del.icio.us
d. iTunes

Feedback
Correct, google reader is a web-based RSS feed reader.
The correct answer is: Google reader
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Which of the following is NOT true for Podcasting?
Select one:
a. Podcasting is a method of publishing audio broadcast
b. Videos can be podcasted, too
c. Podcasting is only for iPod
d. Podcatching allows listeners to subscribe to podcastings feeds

Feedback
Correct! Podcasting is no longer specifically related to iPod but to any software and
hardware combination that permits the downloading and playing of files on any device
that is capable of playing modern audio and video formats.

The correct answer is: Podcasting is only for iPod

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BitTorrent works efficiently when the number of users downloading a file is low.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! With BitTorrent, high demand can actually speed throughput as more
bandwidth and additional seeds of the completed file become available. For very
popular files, BitTorrent can support about a thousand times as many downloads as
HTTP.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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Which of the following technologies is effective to create virtual classroom?
Select one:
a. MUD

b. Social bookmarks
c. RSS
d. Blog

Feedback
Correct, many MUDs have been established for educational purposes in effect to create
virtual classrooms.
The correct answer is: MUD
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Which one is NOT true for Multiple User Dungeon (MUD)?
Select one:
a. Users can explore the physical environment
b. MUDs are useful for games only.
c. Each user takes control of an avatar
d. Users can interact with each other

Feedback
Correct, MUDs are useful for more than games and provide applications such as online
conferencing, help desks, virtual shopping and and have been also used for educational
purposes.
The correct answer is: MUDs are useful for games only.
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Which one is NOT true for blogging?
Select one:
a. Blog is a name originally driven by birthday photo logging.
b. Blogs can contain multimedia.
c. Blogs are organized by date.
d. Blog readers can post a comment

Feedback
Correct, blog means web log.
The correct answer is: Blog is a name originally driven by birthday photo logging.
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Delicious is a name of a very famous food blog.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
Correct! Del.icio.us is a name of a social bookmarking service.

The correct answer is 'False'.

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Like HTTP, Bittorent allows users to connect each other to send and receive portions of a
file.
Select one:
True
False

Feedback
No! In HTTP, files are transferred on the Internet based on the client-server model.
There is a central server sending the entire file to each client. On the other hand,
BitTorrent is peer-to-peer in nature, as users connect to each other to send and receive
portions of a file.
The correct answer is 'False'.
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What is Efnet?
Select one:
a. A social bookmarking network

b. An IRC network
c. An academic blog
d. A podcast channel in iTunes

Feedback
Correct, Efnet is one of the biggest IRC networks.
The correct answer is: An IRC network
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Which of the following is true about the IRC?
Select one:
a. IRC provides voice-to-voice communication
b. IRC provides only one-to-one communication
c. Variations of IRC use graphics to provide cartoon like avatars to represent
conversants
d. IRC provides only public communication
e. IRC provides only text-based communication

Feedback
Correct! IRC provides synchronous text based communication, but variations of IRC use
graphics to provide a contextual background for the channel and cartoon like avatars to
represent conversants.
The correct answer is: IRC provides only text-based communication