Nationalism and Independence

A.

Nationalist Movement in China

ROC vs. PRC
Nationalist from Above in Japan and Thailand
Nationalism in Korea
Nationalism and its origins and effects on East Asias independent movement
Nationalism
1. Pride in ones people and the belief that they have their own political
destiny.
2. the belief that members of a nation ought to have the right to national
self-determination. (V. Simone)
3. Ethnic identity: specific attributes that make one group of people culturally
different from others
a. Identity assigned at birth
b. A social identity
4. National identity is inherently political
5. Nation: an institution that binds people together through a common set of
political aspirations.
6. A modern phenomenon originated in Europe
7. Emerged as a consequence of the creation of the modern state.
8. The spread of nationalism from Europe to Asia during the colonial period.
9. Nationalist movements in Asia as a direct reaction to
imperialism/colonialism
a. To throw out foreign influence and gain national self-determination
b. Some contradictory effects on political life
B. Nationalism and Revolution in China
1. Chinas sovereignty?
2. A growing nationalism in the late 19th century and early 20th century
3. A revolt against the Qing Dynastythe Republic of China
4. The 1911 Revolution in China, influenced by Sun Yat-sen
a. The father of modern China
b. A man of two worlds (the East and the West)
c. Influenced by Western science and Christianity
d. Studied the writings of Karl Marx
e. Three Peoples Principles
I.
Nationalism, democracy, and peoples livelihood
f. The Republic of China in January 1912
g. The Nationalist Party (the KMT) led by Sun and Chiang Kai-shek vs. the
Communist Party of China (or CPC)
h. In the late 1920s, the nationalist Kuomingtang unified the country
I.
The Northern Expedition
i. The Chinese Civil War
j. A war between the Chinese Communists led by Mao Zedong, and the
Nationalist Party (the KMT) led by Chiang Kai-shek
k. The effect of the second Sino-Japanese War
I.
An alliance between the KMT and the CPC
II.
The Communistsskilled guerrilla fighters against the Japanese

III.

Corruption within the KMTprevented them from making

advance against the Japanese
l. The Communists captured Beijing in Oct 1949 and established the PRC
m. The KMT fled to Taiwan
n.