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Shereen Richard
Biology 1315
Causes of Obesity
Polycystic-Ovarian Syndrome
Cushings Syndrome
Hypothyroid
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Polycystic-Ovarian Syndrome
AKA PCOS
80% of women with PCOS are overweight or obese
One of the most prevalent hormonal dsorders in women at reproducing age
Hormone Imbalance in ovaries
Ovaries produce more of the hormone androgen than normal
Androgen is a male hormone that females also produce, but in smaller amounts than
males
http://www.medicinenet.com/polycys
tic_ovary/page2.htm
http://pcos.com/pcosand-weightloss.php#.Uo0aMBY1bFI
Cushings Syndrome
Caused by excess amount of the hormone cortisol
Cortisol keeps bodys blood pressure, insulin levels, and metabolism in check
Symptoms
Obesity of the upper body
Skinny arms and legs
Extra fat on face and neck
Weight gain and can lead to obesity
http://endocrine.nid
dk.nih.gov/pubs/cus
hings/images/cushi
ngsFinalmac.jpg
http://img.medscape.com/pi/
emed/ckb/endocrinology/11
6364-138556-117365138806.jpg
Hypothyroid
Thyroid
Gland in the middle of neck
Releases hormones that help manage metabolism, growth and development, and
temperature of the body
Produces three hormones, but only two have a major influence on metabolism
T4 (Thyroxine)
T3 (Triiodothyronine)
When these hormones are made, pituitary gland in brain secretes thyroid releasing
hormone that causes the thyroid gland to release T3 and T4 hormones into body
Symptoms
Metabolism is slowed because not enough thyroid hormone to regulate
Slowed metabolism leads to weight gain and an impaired metabolism
If not repaired or tended to can result in overweight or obesity
http://drop.ndtv.com/albums/
HEALTH/hypothyroid/hypothy
roid12.jpg
http://3dhealthcare.or
g/endocrinalhypothyroi
dism_files/hypothyroidi
sm_clip_image001.jpg
Prader-Willi Syndrome
All of the disorders mentioned have been hormonal
Prader-Willi Syndrome based on genetics
Dysfunction with genes in chromosome 15
Normal cells get a copy of Chromosome 15 from each parent
Most cases, section of fathers chromosome 15 is absent in each cell (deletion)
These missing genes are believed to cause the symptoms of Prader-Willi Syndrome
Other Symptoms
Learning disabilities
Behavioral issues
Small hands and feet
References
Genetics Home Referene. (2011, October). Prader-Willi Syndrome.
Ghr.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/prader-willi-syndrome.
Hignett, William MPH & Kyle, Ted RPh, MBA. (n.d.). Polycystic Ovarian
Syndrome (PCOS) and Obesity. Obesityaction.org. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from
http://www.obesityaction.org/educational-resources/resource-articles-2/obesity-related-diseases/polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-pcos-and-obesity .
Jacques, Jacqueline ND. (n.d.). The Role of Your Thyroid in Metabolism and
Weight Control. Obesityinaction.org. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from http
://www.obesityaction.org/educational-resources/resource-articles-2/general-articles.
Rgustman. (2011, May 9). 3 Medical Conditions That Can Cause Obesity.
Idealshape.com. Retrieved October 29, 2013 from http://www.idealshape.com/conditions-that-cause-obesity/.
Sam, Susan M.D. (2007, April). Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Ncbl.nlm.nlh.gov. Retrieved October 29, 2013, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2861983/.
Womens Health. (2012, July 16). Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Fact Sheet.
Womenshealth.gov. Retrieved October 29, 2013 from http
://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/polycystic-ovary-syndrome.html.