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SECTION A
Answer all question in this section
1

Diagram below shows part of the human

digestive system.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian
daripada sistem pencernaan manusia.

III Vitamin C
Vitamin C
IV Starch
Kanji
A I and II only
I dan II sahaja
B I, III and IV only
I, III dan IV sahaja
C II, III and IV only
II, III dan IV sahaja
D I, II, III and IV
I, II, III dan IV

Which part has an acidic medium?

Bahagian manakah yang mempunyai
medium berasid?
A P
B Q
C R
D S
2

Breakfast:
Sarapan:
White bread
Roti putih
Butter
Mentega
Full cream milk
Susu penuh krim

Lunch:
Makan tengah
hari:
Rice
Nasi
Steamed fish
Ikan kukus
Plain water
Air kosong
Which of the following health problem
may occur if he continuously taking this
menu for a long time?
Yang manakah antara masalah kesihatan
berikut akan berlaku sekiranya dia terus
mengambil menu ini untuk jangka masa
yang panjang?

Table below shows the result of a food test

on one food sample.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan
ujian makanan bagi satu sampel makanan.
Solution
Larutan
Benedicts
solution
Larutan
Benedict
DCPIP
DCPIP

Table below shows the menu taken by a 10

years old boy.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan menu yang
diambil oleh seorang kanak-kanak lelaki
berusia 10 tahun.

Observation
Pemerhatian
Brick red precipitate
Mendakan merah
bata

Colourless solution
Larutan tidak
berwarna
Iodine
Dark blue solution
Iodin
Larutan warna biru
tua
Which of the following is present in this
food sample?
Antara berikut yang manakah terkandung
di dalam sampel makanan tersebut?
I
Protein
Protein
II Reducing sugar
Gula penurun

A Obesity
Obesiti
B Gastritis
Gastritis
C Scurvy
Skurvi
D Kwashiorkor
Kwashiorkor

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kandungan asid askorbik yang paling

rendah?
A R
B S
C T
D U

Digestion of food involves several organs

and secretion of enzymes. Which of the
following concerning the organs is true?
Pencernaan melibatkan beberapa organ
dan rembesan enzim. Manakah antara
berikut adalah benar mengenai organorgan tersebut?
Organ
Organ
A Mouth
Mulut
B Liver
Hati
C Pancreas
Pankreas
D Stomach
Perut

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Secretion
Rembesan
Saliva
Air liur
Bile
Hempedu
Pancreatic
juice
Jus
pankreas
Gastric
juice
Jus gastrik

Enzymes
Enzim
Maltase
Maltase
Bile
Bile
Lipase
Lipase

Figure below shows a section of human

digestive system.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian
daripada sistem pencernaan manusia.

Q
S

Trypsin
Tripsin

Which of the following secretes enzymes

for fat digestion?
Antara berikut, yang manakah
merembeskan enzim untuk pencernaan
lemak?

Table below shows the average volume

of solutions R, S, T and U needed to
decolourise 1ml of DCPIP solution.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan purata
isipadu larutan R, S, T dan U yang
diperlukan untuk menyahwarnakan 1 ml
larutan DCPIP.
Volume of solution to
decolourise 1 ml of DCPIP
Solution (ml)
Larutan Isipadu larutan untuk me
nyahwarnakan 1 ml DCPIP
(ml)
R
4.2
S
1.8
T
2.7
U
7.3
Which of the solution contains the
lowest ascorbic acid content?
Larutan yang manakah mengandungi

A
B
C
D
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P
Q
R
S

Which of the following are the products of

aerobic respiration and anaerobic
respiration in muscle tissue?
Yang manakah berikut adalah hasil
respirasi aerobik dan respirasi anaerobik
yang berlaku dalam tisu otot?
Aerobic
Anaerobic
respiration
respiration
Respirasi
Respirasi anaerobik
aerobik
A Ethanol
Carbon dioxide and
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An experiment
was setwater
up to study
Etanol
respiration in organisms.
Diagram
below
Karbon
dioksida
shows the set up of thedan
experiment.
air
Satu
eksperimen
telah
disediakan
untuk
B Carbon dioxide Ethanol
mengkaji
respirasi dalam
organism. Rajah
and water
Etanol
di bawah
menunjukkan
penyediaan
Karbon
eksperimen
dioksidatersebut.
dan
air
Germinating seed
Air goes in
To filter pump
C
Carbon dioxide
and
UdaraLactic
masuk acidBiji benih bercambah
Ke pam turas
Asid laktik
water
Karbon dioksida
dan air
D Carbon dioxide Lactic acid
and water
Asid laktik
Potasium
Lime water J
Air kapur J
hydroxide
solution
Larutan kalium
hidroksida

Aluminium foil
Kepingan
aluminium

Diagram below shows the trachea system

of an insect.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem
trakea bagi seekor serangga.

M
L

Which part does the gaseous exchange

occur?
Bahagian manakah tempat berlakunya
pertukaran gas?

Lime water K
Air kapur K

Which of the following will be observed

after one hour?
Antara berikut yang manakah akan
diperhatikan selepas satu jam?
A The lime water K turns cloudy because
carbon dioxide is released during seed
germination.
Air kapur K menjadi keruh kerana
karbon dioksida dibebaskan semasa
percambahan biji benih.
B The lime water K turns cloudy because
carbon dioxide is needed during
photosynthesis.
Air kapur K menjadi keruh kerana
karbon dioksida diperlukan semasa
fotosintesis.
C The lime water K remains clear
because oxygen is required for seed
germination.
Air kapur K kekal jernih kerana
oksigen diperlukan bagi percambahan
biji benih.
D The lime water J remains clear because
oxygen is released during
photosynthesis.
Air kapur J kekal jernih kerana
oksigen dibebaskan semasa proses
fotosintesis.

A J
C L

B K
D M

10 Diagram below shows the setup of

apparatus to measure the percentage of
certain gas in the air.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan persediaan
radas untuk mengukur peratus tertentu di
dalam udara.

J-tube
Tiub-J
Air
Udara
Test tube
Tabung uji
Water
Air

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Initial length of the air

column.
Panjang awal kolum udara.
Length of air column after
using potassium hydroxide
solution.
Panjang kolum udara setelah
larutan kalium hidroksida
digunakan.
Length of air column after
using alkaline potassium
pyrogallate.
Panjang kolum udara setelah
alkali kalium pirogalol
digunakan.

It has one-cell thick walls.

Ia mempunyai dinding setebal satu
sel.
II It is covered with a dense of blood
capillaries.
Ia diselaputi oleh salur darah yang
banyak.
III It contains red pigments known as
haemoglobin.
Ia mengandungi pigmen merah yang
dikenali sebagai hemoglobin.
IV The partial pressure of carbon dioxide
in X is high.
Tekanan separa gas karbon dioksida
dalam X adalah tinggi.

10.0cm
9.8cm

7.8cm

A
Calculate the percentage of oxygen content
in the air.
Kirakan peratus oksigen di dalam udara.
A
B
C
D

12%
16%
18%
20%

B
C
D

11 Diagram below shows structure X which is

part of the respiratory structure of human.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur X,
sebahagian daripada struktur respirasi
pada manusia.

I and II only
I dan II sahaja
I and III only
I dan III sahaja
II and III only
II dan III sahaja
III and IV only
III dan IV sahaja

12 The equation below shows the chemical

reaction of yeast fermentation.
Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan
tindakbalas kimia penapaian yis.

C6H12O6

What is X?
Apakah X?
A Lactase
Laktosa
C Cellulase
Selulase

Which of the following is true about

structure X?
Manakah antara berikut betul tentang
struktur X?

2C6H5OH + 2CO2 + 210kJ

B Amylase
Amilase
D Zymase
Zimase

13 The chemical equation shows a type of

respiration in human muscle during
vigorous exercise.
Persamaan kimia menunjukkan sejenis
respirasi yang berlaku dalam otot manusia
semasa aktiviti cergas.
C6H12O6

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----------->

2C3H6O3 + 150
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kJ

D Organism X absorbs nutrients from

organism Y.
Organisma X menyerap nutrien
daripada organisma Y.

Which statement explains why muscle

cells needs more oxygen just after the
activity?
Apakah pernyataan yang menerangkan
kenapa sel otot memerlukan lebih oksigen
sebaik sahaja selepas aktivit tersebuti?
A To transfer lactic acid from muscle
tissue to the liver.
Memindahkan asid laktik dari tisu otot
ke hati.
B To oxidize lactic acid to produce
energy.
Mengoksidakan asid laktik bagi
menghasilkan tenaga.
C To oxidize lactic acid to glucose.
Mengoksidakan asid laktik kepada
glukosa.
D To convert glucose to glycogen.
Menukarkan glukosa kepada glikogen.

15 Diagram below shows a profile of a

mangrove swamp.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan profil hutan
paya bakau.
high tide
air pasang
low tide
air surut
Muddy shore
without plant
tebing lumpur
tanpa tumbuh
-tumbuhan

Zone 1
Zon 1

Zone 2
Zon 2

Zone 3
Zon 3

What are the dominant species found in

each zone?
Apakah spesies dominan yang terdapat di
setiap zon ini?

14 Diagram below shows an interaction

between two living organisms.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan interaksi
antara dua organisma hidup.

Zone 1
Zon 1

Zone 2
Zon 2

Zone 3
Zon 3

A Rhizophora

Bruguiera sp

B Bruguiera sp

Avicennia sp
and
Sonneratia
sp
Rhizophora
sp

Avicennia sp
and
Sonneratia sp
Rhizophora
sp

sp

C Avicennia sp
Which of the following is true about
organism X?
Antara berikut, yang manakah benar
tentang organisma X?

and
Sonneratia
sp
Avicennia sp
and
Sonneratia
sp

Bruguiera sp

Bruguiera sp

Rhizophora
sp

A Organism X is epiphyte.
Organisma X ialah epifit.
B Organism X is parasite.
Organisma X ialah parasit.
C Organism X harms organism Y.
Organisma X merugikan organisma Y.
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Diagram below shows the role of bacteria

T and R in the nitrogen cycle.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peranan
bakteria T dan R dalam kitar nitrogen.

What is the role of the bird?

Apakah peranan burung?

Nitrogen in air
Nitrogen di udara

A Producer
Pengeluar
B Tertiary consumer
Pengguna tertier
C Secondary consumer
Pengguna sekunder
D Primary consumer
Pengguna primer

Feeding Animal protein

Dimakan Protein haiwan
Plant protein
Excretion of urea
Protein tumbuhan
and egestion of
faeces
Perkumujan urea
dan tinja
Death
Mati
Decaying bacteria and fungi
Bakteria pengurai dan kulai

Bacteria T
Bakteria T

Absorption
Penyerapan

Ammonia
Ammonia

Bacteria R
Bakteria R
Nitrites
Nitrates
Nitrat

Which of the following are bacteria T and

R?
Manakah antara berikut ialah bakteria T
dan R?
T
A
Rhizobium sp.
B Nitrosomonas sp.
C Nostoc sp.
D Notrobacter sp.

18 The following information is about a

sampling technique to estimate the
population size of garden snails in a
habitat.
Maklumat berikut adalah berkaitan
tentang teknik persampelan untuk
menganggar saiz populasi siput babi
dalam satu habitat.
P:

Capture at random a number of

garden snails and record the
number which is marked.
Tangkap siput babi secara rawak
dan catat bilangan yang bertanda.
Q: Release the garden snails in the
same habitat.
Lepaskan semula siput babi dalam
habitat yang sama.
R: Capture a large number of garden
snails and mark each shell.
Tangkap sejumlah besar siput babi
dan landakan setiap seorang.
S: Calculate the population of the
garden snails.
Hitung populasi siput babi.
Which sequence is correct?

R
Denitrifying
bacteria
Bakteria
pendenitritan
Rhizobium sp.
Nitrosomonas sp.
Nostoc sp.

17 Diagram shows a food web in a garden.

Rajah menunjukkan satu jaringan
makanan di sebuah taman.

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Urutan yang manakah yang betul?

A
B
C
D

RQPS
PRQS
RSQP
PSRQ

19 Which of the following shows the

commensalism relationship?
Yang manakah antara berikut
menunjukkan perhubungan komensalisma?
A

What is the type of interaction between the

two species?
Apakah jenis interaksi antara dua spesies
itu?

Orchid plant
Pokok orkid
Dead tree
Pokok mati

A Commensalism
Comensalisme
B Parasitism
Parasitisme
C Interspecific competition
Persaingan interspesies
D Intraspecific competition
Persaingan intraspesies

Leguminose plant
Pokok kekacang
Rhizobium sp. in
root nodule
Rhizobium sp. dalam
nodul akar

Green algae
Alga Hijau
Fungi
Kulat

Living plant
Pokok hidup
Rafflesia sp.
Rafflesia sp.

21 Which of the following graphs shows the

correct relationship between concentration
of atmospheric CO2 and global
temperature?
Antara graf berikut, yang manakah
menunjukkan hubungan yang betul antara
kepekatan CO2 atmosfera dan suhu
global?
Key:
Kekunci:

20 Diagram below shows growth curves of

two species of Tribolium which being
cultured together in a container.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan lengkung
pertumbuhan bagi dua spesies Tribolium
yang dibiakkan bersama dalam satu bekas.

_______

_____

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Concentration of
atmospheric CO2
Kepekatan CO2
atmosfera
Global temperature
Suhu global

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Concentration
of atmospheric
CO 2
Kepekatan
CO 2
atmosfera

Global
Temperature
Suhu
Global

of acid rain?
Antara yang berikut yang manakah punca
utama hujan asid?

Global
Temperature
Suhu
Global

A Carbon dioxide
Karbon dioksida
B Sulphur dioxide
Sulphur dioksida
C Carbon monoxide
Karbon monoksida
D Chlorofluorocarbon
Kloroflorokarbon

1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

Year

Concentration
of atmospheric
CO 2
Kepekatan
CO 2
atmosfera
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000
Year

Concentration
of atmospheric
CO 2
Kepekatan
CO 2
atmosfera

Global
Temperature
Suhu
Global

24 The following information is about

eutrophication.
Berikut adalah maklumat mengenai
eutrofikasi.

1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

Year

Concentration
of atmospheric
CO 2
Kepekatan
CO 2
atmosfera

P-

Algae grow and cover the surface

of the lake.
Alga tumbuh dan meliputi
permukaan kolam.
Q - The rate of bacteria reproduction
increases.
Kadar pertumbuhan bacteria
meningkat.
R - BOD of water increases.
BOD meningkat.

Global
Temperature
Suhu
Global

1800 1850 1900 1950 2000

Year

22 Which of the following explains the green

house effect?
Manakah berikut menerangkan kesan
rumah hijau?
A Decrease in the sea levels of the oceans
Penurunan aras laut pada lautan
B Absorption of the ultraviolet rays by
earth
Penyerapan sinaran ultraungu oleh
bumi
C Construction of green houses to
prevent continuous global warming
Pembinaan rumah hijau mengelakkan
pemanasan global berterusan
D Global warming caused by the trapping
of heat in the atmosphere
Pemanasan global disebabkan oleh
pemerangkapan haba di atmosfera

S-

Organic fertilizer flows into the

lake.
Baja organic mengalir ke dalam
kolam.

Which of the following sequences is

correct about the eutrophication process?
Antara berikut,manakah urutan yang betul
tentang proses eutrofikasi?
A S, P, Q, R
C S, Q, R, P

B P, S, R, Q
D Q, S, P, R

25 Diagram shows a vascular tissue in tree

trunk.
Rajah menunjukkan tisu vaskular dalam
batang tumbuhan.

23 Which of the following is the main cause

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26 Diagram below shows structure Z in

human lymphatic system.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan struktur Z
dalam sistem limfa manusia.

What is Y?
Apakah Y?
A Tracheid
Trakeid
C Companion
cell
Sel rakan

B Sieve tube
Tiub tapis
D Parenchyma cell
Sel parenkima

What happens to the human body if Z is

malfunctioned?
Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada tubuh
manusia jika Z gagal berfungsi?
A Fats from small intestine will be
accumulated in Z.
Lemak dari usus kecil akan terkumpul
dalam Z.
B The concentration of antibody in the
body decrease.
Kepekatan antibody dalam tubuh
berkurang.
C The immunity level increases.
Aras keimunan meningkat.
D The flow of lymph is obstructed.
Aliran limfa akan tersekat.

27 Diagram below shows a schematic diagram

of human blood clotting mechanism.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan rajah skema
untuk mekanisma pembekuan darah
manusia.

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Blood tissue
Tisu darah

Platelet
Platelet
W

Vitamin X
Vitamin X

Ion Calcium
Kalsium ion

28 Which of the following graph shows the

effectProtrombin
of humidity on the rateYof
Protrombin
transpiration?
Manakah antara graf berikut menunjukkan
Fibrinogen
kesan kelembapan
ke atas kadarFibrin
Fibrinogen
Fibrin
transpirasi?

29 Which of the following is part of the

appendicular skeleton in humans?
Antara berikut yang manakah sebahagian
daripada rangka appendikular manusia?
A Vertebral column
Turus tulang belakang
B Skull
Tengkorak
C Pectoral girdle
Lengkungan pektoral
D Rib cage
Sangkar rusuk

AWhat are W, vitamin X and Y?

Apakah
RateW,
ofvitamin X dan Y?
transpiration
Kadar
W
Vitamin
Y
transpirasi
X
A Thrombokinas

e
Trombokinase
B Thrombokinas
e
Trombokinase
C Erythrocyte
B Eritrosit
Rate of
D Haemoglobin
transpiration
Hemoglobin
Kadar

Thrombin
Trombin

Thrombin
Trombin
Humidity

K
D

Kelembapan

Thrombin
Trombin
Thrombin
Trombin

30 Diagram below shows a human vertebra.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan vertebra
manusia.

transpirasi

Y
Humidity
Kelembapan
C

What is the function of Y?

Apakah fungsi Y?

Rate of
transpiration
Kadar
transpirasi

A Give support
Memberi sokongan
B To protect the spinal cord
Untuk melindungi saraf tunjang
C To form joint with the ribs
Untuk membentuk sendi dengan tulang
rusuk
D For muscle attachment
Untuk pelekatan otot.

Humidity
Kelembapan
D

Rate of
transpiration
Kadar
transpirasi

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Humidity
Kelembapan

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SECTION B
Bahagian B
Answer all questions from this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
Diagram (a) and (b) show TWO different types of immunity.
Rajah (a) dan (b) menunjukkan DUA jenis keimunan.

Concentration of antibodies
in blood (arbitrary unit)
Kepekatan antibodi
dalam darah (unit arbitrari)

Level of immunity
Aras keimunan

(a)

1st injection
1 suntikan

Level of immunity
Diagram
(a)
Aras keimunan

(i)

2nd injection
2 suntikan

(ii)

Diagram (b)
P

State the type of body defence mechanism involved in immunity.

Level of
Nyatakan jenis mekanisme
pertahanan badan yang terlibat dalam
immunity
keimunan.
Aras
Time / weeks
Masa / minggu

Q keimunan

[ 1 mark/ markah]

Time / weeks
Masa / minggu

State the substance produced by the body which can be relate to immunity.

1st injection 2nd injection

1 suntikan 2 suntikan Nyatakan bahan yang dihasilkan oleh badan yang berkaitan dengan

keimunan.

[ 1 mark/ markah]
(b)

State the type of immunity in diagram (a) and (b).

Nyatakan jenis imunity dalam rajah (a) dan (b).
Diagram (a):
Rajah (a)
Diagram (b):
Rajah (b)
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c)

(i)

State the substance injected to each person P and Q based on diagram (b).
Nyatakan bahan yang disuntik kepada individu P dan Q dalam rajah (b).
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii)

Explain the role of the substance named in c(i).

Jelaskan peranan bahan yang dinamakan di c(i).

12

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(iii) Explain why Q had to be given the second injection of the same substance.
Terangkan mengapa individu Q harus diberi suntikan kedua bagi bahan
yang sama.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(d)

(i)

Based on diagram (a), state an example of substance injected to the person.

Berdasarkan rajah (a), nyatakan satu contoh bahan yang disuntik kepada
individu tersebut.
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii)

Explain why the person needed to be injected with the substance named in
(d)(i).
Terangkan mengapa individu tersebut perlu disuntik dengan bahan yang
dinamakan dalam (d)(i).

[ 2 marks/ markah]

Diagram below shows a process which occurs in a pond. (The stages are not in a correct
order).
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu proses yang berlaku di sebuah kolam. (peringkat
peringkat yang ditunjukkan tidak mengikut susunan yang betul)

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Plant X
Tumbuhan X
Stage P
Peringkat P

Sedges
Rumput
Stage Q
Peringkat Q

Plant Y
Tumbuhan Y
Stage R
Peringkat R

Plant Y
Tumbuhan Y
Stage S
Peringkat S
Plant X
Tumbuhan X

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Stage T
Peringkat T
Primary forest
Hutan primar

Bushes
belukar

Stage U
Peringkat U

Woody plants
Tumbuhan berkayu

(a)

Stage P shown in the diagram is the first process that occurs in the pond. Name
stage P.
Peringkat P dalam rajah menunjukkan proses pertama yang berlaku di kolam.
Namakan Peringkat P tersebut.
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b)

(i)

Give one example of Plant X and Plant Y.

Berikan satu contoh tumbuhan X dan tumbuhan Y.
Plant X:
Tumbuhan X:
Plant Y:
Tumbuhan Y:
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(b)

(ii)

Explain why Plant X in Stage P is known as a pioneer species.

Terangkan mengapa tumbuhan X di Peringkat P dikenali sebagai spesis
perintis.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(c)

(i)

Arrange the stages in the diagram above in a correct sequence.

Susun peringkat-peringkat dalam rajah di atas mengikut susunan yang
15

betul.
P

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(d)

A group of students carried out an experiment to estimate the distribution of

plants in a pond that has dried up by using 1m x 1m quadrate. The result obtained
is shown in table below.
Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk menganggar taburan
tumbuhan dalam kolam yang telah kering dengan menggunakan kuadrat 1m x
1m. Keputusan yang diperoleh ditunjukkan dalam jadual di bawah.

Species
Spesies
1
6
4
3

K
L
M

Number of plants in quadrate

Bilangan pokok dalam kuadrat
2
3
4
5
0
7
3
0
8
6
12
5
5
0
2
0

6
8
8
4

By using the formula given, answer the questions below:

Dengan menggunakan formula yang diberikan, jawab soalan-soalan berikut:
Formula :
Formula
Frequency =
Kekerapan =

Density =
Densiti =

(i)

number of quadrats containing the species

quadrat total
bilangan kuadrat yang mengandungi
species
jumlah kuadrat

x 100%
x 100%

total number of individuals of a species in all quadrats

quadrat total x area of one quadrat
jumlah bilangan individu satu spesies dalam semua kuadrat
jumlah kuadrat x luas satu kuadrat

Calculate the frequency of species K.

Kirakan kekerapan spesies K.

16

[ 1 mark/ markah]
(ii)

Calculate the density of species L and M.

Kirakan kepadanan spesies L dan M.
Species L:
Spesies L:

Species M:
Spesies M:

[ 4 marks/ markah]

Diagram below shows the exchange of respiratory gases X and Y between the alveolus,
blood capillary and the body cells and the transport of the gaseous.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pertukaran gas respirasi X dan Y diantara alveoli,
saluran darah dan sel badan serta pengangkutan gas-gas tersebut.

17

Gas Y

Gas X

Alveolus
Alveolus

Body cells
Sel badan

(a)

(i)

Name gas X and Y.

Namakan gas X dan Y
Gas X :
Gas Y :
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(ii)

Explain how the alveolus is structured to increase the efficiency of

gaseous exchange.
Terangkan bagaimana alveoli distrukturkan untuk meningkatkan
kecekapan proses pertukaran gas.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(b)

Explain the difference between the concentration of gas X and Y in blood vessel
Q.
Terangkan perbezaan antara kepekatan gas X dan Y dalam salur darah Q.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(c)

The concentration of gas X transported in blood vessel P of a cigarette smoker is

usually lower than the one in healthy individual.
Explain why this occurs.
18

Kepekatan gas X yang diangkut dalam salur darah P seseorang penghisap rokok
adalah lebih rendah berbanding individu yang sihat.
Terangkan mengapa keadaan ini berlaku.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(d)

In an experiment, a boy takes part in an 800 meter event track. His exhaled air
was obtained three times which were before running, right after he finished
running and 10 minutes after running to determine the percentage of carbon
dioxide. Table below shows the result of the experiment.
Dalam satu kajian, seorang budak lelaki telah mengambil bahagian dalam acara
trek 800 meter. Udara hembusannya telah diambil sebanyak tiga kali iaitu
sebelum berlari, sebaik sahaja selesai berlari dan 10 minit selepas berlari untuk
mendapatkan peratus karbon dioksida. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan hasil
kajian tersebut.

Percentage of
carbon dioxide (%)
Peratus karbon
dioksida (%)

Before
running
Sebelum
berlari

Right after he
finishes running
Sebaik sahaja
selesai berlari

After 10 minutes
running
Selepas 10 minit
berlari

4%

7.5 %

4%

Based on table above, explain how the percentage of carbon dioxide is returned
to normal after 10 minutes running.
Berdasarkan jadual di atas, terangkan bagaimana peratus karbon dioksida dapat
dikembalikan kepada normal selepas 10 minit berlari

[ 4 marks/ markah]

SECTION C
Bahagian C
Answer any one question from this section.
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan dalam bahagian ini.
19

(a)

Diagram below shows a phenomenon which occur in the Earths atmosphere.

Rajah menunjukkan satu fenomena yang berlaku dalam atmosfera Bumi.

20

Reflected
Dibantul

Absorbed
Diserap

Absorbed by
Atmosphere and earth
Diserap oleh
Atmosfera dan bumi
Motor
Vehicles
Kenderaan
Bermotor

Factories
Kilang-kilang

(i)

Explain how the phenomenon happens and its effect on the environment.
Terangkan bagaimana fenomena ini berlaku dan kesannya terhadap alam
sekitar.
[ 6 marks/
markah]

(ii)

Suggest measures needed to be taken to overcome the phenomenon.

Cadangkan langkah-langkah yang diperlukan untuk mengatasi fenomena ini.
[ 4 marks/ markah]

(b) Photosynthesis occurs in two stages which are the light reaction and dark reaction.
Describe the differences between the light reaction and dark reaction.
Fotosintesis berlaku dalam dua peringkat tindak balas cahaya dan tindak balas
gelap.
Huraikan perbezaan antara tindak balas cahaya daripada tindak balas gelap.
[ 4 marks/ markah]
(c)

In countries with four seasons, plants are grown in greenhouses.

Dalam negara empat musim, tanaman di dalam rumah kaca.

Based on the statement, explain why this method is carried out to ensure the
production of crops throughout the year.
Berdasarkan pernyataan ini, terangkan bagaimana kaedah ini boleh memastikan
pengeluaran hasil tanaman berlaku sepanjang tahun.
[ 6 marks/ markah]
Diagram below shows the movement of water from root to the leaves and out to the
atmosphere.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan pergerakan air dari akar ke daun dan terbebas ke
atmosfera.

21

Water evap orates

Penyejatan air
Cap illary action
Tindakan kapilari

Water absorbed by roots

Penyerapan air oleh akar

(a) Based on diagram above, describe the movement of water from root to the leaves.
Berdasarkan rajah di atas, huraikan pergerakan air dari akar ke daun.
[ 10 marks/ markah]
(b) Diagram below shows part of the blood circulatory system and the lymphatic
system in the human body.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan system peredaran darah dan sistem limfa dalam
badan manusia.

Venule
Venul

Fluid P
Bendalir P
Fluid Q
Bendalir Q

(i)

Explain the differences between the composition of fluid P and fluid Q

Terangkan perbezaan antara komposisi bendalir P dan bendalir Q.
[ 4 marks/ markah]

(ii) Describe how fluid Q is formed from blood until it is brought back into the
blood circulatory system.
Huraikan bagaimana bendalir Q terbentuk daripada darah sehingga bendalir
tersebut masuk semula ke dalam sistem peredaran darah.
[ 6 marks/ markah]

HELAIAN JAWAPAN
SECTION A

22

BIL

JAWAPAN

BIL

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

10

25

11

26

12

27

13

28

14

29

15

30

23

JAWAPAN

24