AIRCRAFT

MAINTENANCE MANUAL

RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION

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AIRCRAFT
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION
INTRODUCTION
The ram air distribution system supplies outside air to the cabin and
cockpit air distribution if a failure of the two ECUs occurs.
DESCRIPTION
Other than supplying air to decrease air temperature in the heat
exchangers, the two NACA air inlets can supply outside air to the
cockpit and passenger cabin if a failure of the two ECUs occurs.
The outside air from the ram air valves flows through the ram ducts,
the ram air check valves, and goes to the pack discharge lines.
The outside air then flows to the compartments through the distribution ducts.
The ram air distribution system has these components:
Ram air valve.
Ram air check valve.
Linear actuator.
Ram air duct.
The figure RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION - MAIN COMPONENT LOCATIONS shows the location of the main components of the system.

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AIRCRAFT
MAINTENANCE MANUAL

ZONE
191

SECONDARY
ADJUSTMENT
SCREW
LINEAR
ACTUATOR

DET. A

RAM AIR
FLOW

PRIMARY
ADJUSTMENT
ROD END
OPERATION
LEVER

DET. B
BOLT

(LEFT SIDE)
145AMM210128.MCE B

RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION - MAIN COMPONENT LOCATIONS

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AIRCRAFT
MAINTENANCE MANUAL
COMPONENTS
RAM AIR VALVE

The ram air valve is a flapper type valve, operated by a linear

actuator. It is also a three-way diverter valve.
LINEAR ACTUATOR

The linear actuator moves the ram air valve through a movable arm.
When ram air flows to the heat exchanger the flow to the ram air duct
closes, and vice-versa.
The linear actuator electrical travel is limited by two limit switches,
one in the retracted position and the other in the extended position.
RAM AIR CHECK VALVE

The ram air check valve is a spring-loaded flapper valve, made of

aluminum, 2.5 in diameter at its ends. It has a check-valve body, two
semi-circular flappers, a hinge pin and a helical torsion spring.
The valve has a flow direction masking tape to prevent wrong assembly.
RAM AIR DUCT

The ram air duct connects the ram air valve to the ram air check
valve, from where the air flows to the distribution ducts.
The figure RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION - CHECK VALVE LOCATION
shows the check valve location.

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AIRCRAFT
MAINTENANCE MANUAL

ZONE
191

DET. A
(LEFT SIDE)

RAM AIR CHECK VALVE

DET. B

145AMM210161.MCE B

RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION - CHECK VALVE LOCATION

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AIRCRAFT
MAINTENANCE MANUAL

RAM AIR - ELECTRICAL OPERATION

NOTE: When the ram air is going to distribution ducts, the recirculation fans automatically turn off to prevent back pressure
from the fans.

Essential DC Bus 1 supplies 28 V DC to the ram air distribution valve

relay through the 5 A RAM AIR circuit breaker.

The figure RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION - ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM

shows the operation of the system.

OPERATION

A ground signal is supplied to the ram air distribution valve relay

when:
The air/ground position relay is not energized (the aircraft is in
flight).
The pack 2 valve position relay is not energized (pack valve 2 is
closed).
The pack 1 valve position relay is not energized (pack valve 1 is
closed).
When this occurs, the ram air distribution valve relay is energized to
supply 28 V DC to open ram air distribution valve 1 and ram air
distribution valve 2. Microswitches in the linear actuators keep the
travel of the actuators to a limit.
When ram air distribution valve 1 and ram air distribution valve 2 are
open, ground signals are removed from DAU 2. The ram air will then
flow through the ram air ducts into the passenger cabin and cockpit
distribution ducts.
If the aircraft is in flight and the left and right pack valves are closed,
and one or the two ram air valves are not open, the caution message
RAM AIR VLV FAIL flashes on the EICAS display.
When the pack valves are not closed and/or when the aircraft is on
the ground, the ram air distribution valve relay deenergizes and the
linear actuators keep the ram air valves always in the closed position.
In this condition, the outside air flows to heat exchangers.
If the ram air valves (or one of them) do not close, the RAM AIR VLV
FAIL caution message also flashes on the EICAS display.
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AIRCRAFT
MAINTENANCEMANUAL
1

P 0073
TO OPEN

5
A

B3
DC

B2
B1
C

DC

A3
A2
X1

223ELW - LEFT RELAY SUPPORT

X2

K0044 / XK 0044
(PRE-MOD SB 145-21-0018)
K0804/XK0804
(POST-MOD SB 145-21-0018)
RAM AIR DISTR
VALVE RELAY

NOT OPEN
E
F

OPEN

DC

A3
A2

A3

A1

A2
A1
X2
X1

X2

K0187 XK0187
PACK 1 VALVE
POSITION
RELAY

K0188 XK 0188
PACK 2 VALVE
POSITION
RELAY

21-51-50
ENRGZ WHEN
PACK VALVE 1
IS NOT CLOSED

21-51-51
ENRGZ WHEN
PACK VALVE 2
IS NOT CLOSED

WING-TO-FUS FAIR FWD PNL

X1

LINEAR ACTUATOR
L0009-191 RAM AIR DISTR VALVE 1

TO CLOSE
A1

P 0074
TO OPEN
A

DC

B
TO CLOSE
C3

GND C1

C2

X2

X1

DC

NOT OPEN
E

K 0201/ XK 0201
AIR/GROUND
POSITION RELAY

OPEN

J2

R/AIR ACTR 2 POS

J1

A-4

J 1020

J 1018
R/AIR ACTR 1 POS A-4

32-61
ENRGZ WHEN
AIRCRAFT ON
GROUND POSITION)

F
DC

LINEAR ACTUATOR

AIR

L0010-191 RAM AIR DISTR VALVE 2

225DTC - CKT BREAKERS PANEL

CB 0032
RAM AIR

WING-TO-FUS FAIR FWD PNL

224ERW - RIGHT RELAY SUPPORT

WT 0001 ESS DC BUS 1

(31-41)-272 DAU 2 REAR ELEK COMPT

145AMM210089.MCE B

RAM AIR DISTRIBUTION - ELECTRICAL DIAGRAM

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MAINTENANCE MANUAL

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