Enterprise Wide Information Systems

SAP R/3 Overview &

Basis Technology
Instructor: Richard W. Vawter

University of
Southern California

Topics
The R/3 Basis System

Client/Server Architecture

Application Architecture

System Communication

Technical Architecture

Client/Server Overview

Resource Management

Technical Configurations

Object Migration

The Database Client

University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Basis System

Logistical

Sales &
Distribution

Financial

Financial
Accounting

Materials
Mgmt.

Controlling

Production
Planning

Fixed Assets
Mgmt.

R/3
Client / Server
ABAP/4

Quality
Mgmt.
Plant
Maintenance

Human
Resources

Project
System

Workflow
Industry
Solutions

University of
Southern California

Basis System: Three-Tier Computer Hierarchy

Central Database
(Storage of all data)

Access to Dataase:
(Read / Write data)

Database
Input / Output
of data to users

Application

Presentation

Processing of data
using application logic

Presentation of the
processed data to
the user

University of
Southern California

Typical Basis Systems: Client Server Architecture

Presentation

Application

Database

Central System
Two - tier
Distributed System
Two - tier
Client/Server
Three - tier
Client/Server
Multi-layer
Cooperative
Client/Server
(w/ release 4.0B)
University of
Southern California

Basis System: Application Architecture

Hardware

UNIX systems
Bull
Digital

Operating
Systems

Databases

Dialog
SAPGUI
Sold to party: C100

HP
IBM

SNI
SUN

AIX
SINIX
HP-UX SOLARIS
Digital UNIX
ADABAS D,
DB2, INFORMIX,
ORACLE 7.1

AT&T
Data General SNI
Bull/Zenith HP
Sequent
Compaq
IBM
Digital

IBM
AS/400

Windows NT

OS/400

ADABAS D, Oracle 7.1,

MS SQL Server 6.0

DB2/400

Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT, OSF/Motif,

Presentation Manager, Macintosh

Windows 95
OS/2

Item Material Qty

10
6301
10
20
6412
10
30
1507
25

Order

Languages

ABAP/4, C, C++

University of
Southern California

R/3 Communication / Interfaces

Remote
Function Call
Electronic Data
Interchange

Application
Link Enabling

Program Interface
Communication

Object Linking
and Embedding
Web
Interface

University of
Southern California

Topics
The R/3 Basis System

Client/Server Architecture

Application Architecture

System Communication

Technical Architecture

Client/Server Overview

Resource Management

Technical Configurations

Object Migration

The Client

University of
Southern California

Client/Server Overview
Server
LAN
TCP / IP

Client

University of
Southern California

Client/Server Overview (Logical Structure)

Data Storage

Server

Application
Logic
Client

Presentation
University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Resource Management: The Dispatcher

Presentation
SAP GUI
Communications

Application
Dispatcher

Work
Process

Work
Process

Work
Process

Buffers

Data base

University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Resource Management: Data Flow

Presentation

SAP
SAP GUI
GUI

Terminal
Process

11

77

Application

22

Dispatcher

33

66

Data base

SAP
SAP Memory
Memory Buffer
Buffer
Roll

Work
Process

44

Request
Request queues
queues

Page

55
Relational
Relational data
data base
base system
system

University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Resource Management: Work Processes

A
A

B
B
Update

Dialog

Message
Sold to party: C100

Sold to party: C100

Item Material Qty

10
6301
10
20
6412
10
30
1507
25

Item Material Qty

10
6301
10
20
6412
10
30
1507
25

Order

Sold to party: C100

Sold to party: C100

Item Material Qty

10
6301
10
20
6412
10
30
1507
25

Item Material Qty

10
6301
10
20
6412
10
30
1507
25

Order

Background Jobs

SAP Dispatcher

10

11

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Order

Enqueue

C
C
Gateway

1999

12

Order

Spool
R/3
R/2

University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Resource Management:

Lock Management by the Enqueue Work Process
Instance A
Dispatcher
Work
Process

Work
Process

Update

Enqueue

Message
Server

Instance B
Dispatcher

Lock table in

main storage

Work
Process

Work
Process

Update

Enqueue

University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Resource Management: R/3 Instance

Database
Database
Instance
Instance

Message
Message
Server
Server

Instance
Instance Profiles
Profiles
(parameters)
(parameters)

SAP
SAP
Gateway
Gateway

Dispatcher

Dialog

....

Update

Spool

SAP
SAPBuffers
Buffers
Start
Start
or
or
Stop
Stop

Background

Enqueue

nce
a
t
s
In
Central

University of
Southern California

SAP R/3 Resource Management:

Distributed SAP R/3 Processing
Instance 03

Instance 02
Dispatcher

Dialog

Background

Dispatcher

Enqueue

Enqueue

Dialog

...

Instance 01
Dispatcher

Dialog

Update

Enqueue

Spool

Message

Gateway

University of
Southern California

Technical Configuration
Development

Testing

Production

Database
Servers

Application
Servers

Presentation
Servers

University of
Southern California

Technical Configuration: Example

University of
Southern California

Object Migration
Corrections and Transport
Development

QA Testing

Program A

Program A

Program A

Table A

Table A

Table A

Screen A

Screen A

Screen A

Production

University of
Southern California

Object Migration
Development

Program
Program A
A
Version
Version 11
Program
Program A
A
Version
Version 22
Program
Program A
A
Version
Version 33

Corrections
and
Transport

QA Testing

Program
Program A
A
Version
Version 11
Program
Program A
A
Version
Version 22
Program
Program A
A
Version
Version 33

Originals

University of
Southern California

The Client
America
America
Europe
Europe
Japan
Japan

Client
Client 010
010
Client
Client 020
020
Client
Client 030
030

R/3
Europe
R/3
America

R/3
Japan

University of
Southern California

Client Copies

Configuration

Development
Quality Assurance
Interface Testing
User Training

University of
Southern California