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comportamentului uman
MihaiCtlin NEAGOE1
mihaineagoe2003@gmail.com
ABSTRACT. Psychology has had a very different evolution from other socalled
exact sciences. The natural laws governing the human personality are less
visible than those of the natural sciences. There are many specific variables
involved, which are subjected to the influences of the natural environment
and of the sociocultural diversity. And not less significant is the fact that
the confirmed natural law are universal, meaning that they always apply if
particular initial conditions exist, but the permanent existence of such condi
tions cannot be taken as granted. The universal character of the natural laws
is, therefore, compatible with the contingency of their initial conditions and
must not be confused with the duration and the constancy of their validity
and action. It is precisely the variation of these initial conditions that makes
difficult to establish specific laws in psychology. This paper introduces the
notion of psychological operator and emphasizes the utility of using mathe
matical descriptive elements to explain the behavior and the human mental
processes. But, that aim cannot be achieved just by using only mathematical
functions. Taking into account the complexity of the psychic system, it should
be approached from the perspective of a science of complexity.
KEYWORDS: Oedipus complex, classical conditioning, operant (instrumental)
conditioning, cognitive evaluation, operator, fuzzy (description or quantifi
cation), bit (quantitative unit of information)
Introducere
Psihologia a obinut cu greutate statutul de tiin. Dac Imma
nuel Kant sa numrat printre cei mai vehemeni contestatari ai posi
bilitii de desprindere a psihologiei de filosofie i de constituire a ei
ntro tiin independent, August Comte avea s elimine psiholo
gia din schema de clasificare a tiinelor pe care el a elaborato. Kant
1
NOEMA
458
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
Golu, M., Fundamentele Psihologiei, Vol. I, Editura Fundaiei Romnia de Mine, Bucu
reti, 2000, p.12.
Freud, S., Opere Eseniale, Vol. 8, Editura Trei, 2010, p.117.
459
Ibidem, p.118.
Oltea, J., Psihosomatica ntre medicin i cultur, o abordare cognitivcomportamental a
tulburrilor de alimentaie, Editura Paideia, p.63.
n sensul c lipsete o verificare experimental prin care legea substituirii prin asociere
i transfer s poat fi fundat; abordarea lui Freud ns edific o metod de abordare a
460
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
7
8
unor astfel de probleme: identificarea acelui factor stare psihic de fond pre/subcon
tient care determin fobia i identificarea acelui eveniment exterior, care asociat cu
starea psihic de fond, prilejuiete transferul sau asocierea cu obiectul exterior care
este subiectul acelui eveniment. Metoda lui Freud este tiinific, dar factorii stare psi
hic de fond par a nu avea aceeai obiectivitate ca metoda nsi.
Acest invariant are caracter de operator.
Aceast caracteristic a relaiei de contiguitate se numete, n limbajul matematic de
specialitate, nesimetrie.
461
A B C
(1)
462
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
11
463
13
14
464
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
19
Ibidem p. 91.
Ibidem p. 91.
Ibidem p. 91.
Ioni, C., Nicolae Popescu aa cum lam cunoscut, 2011 (n curs de publicare p.43, XL)
i p.804 n (Semnificaia ntlnirilor cu Solomon Marcus Contiena Culturii de matemati
citatea sa) [8].
Ibidem; p.43, XL, i p.804 [8]; ca structuri neexplicitate sunt indicate Daseinul (totali
tatea modurilor noastre de a fi ierahizat structurat prin modul nostru ntrebtor de a
fi asupra modurilor noastre de a fi iar, [n.n.], aceast definiie are valene structurale
465
Teoria evalurii (Smith i Lazarus, 1993) este cel mai bine susi
nut tiinific. Prelucrarea informaional ce evalueaz n prima faz
situaia are dou componente:
(1) relevana motivaional: este cea care asociaz scopurilor
noastre anumite evenimente; (2) congruena motivaional: modul n
care evenimentul este n acord cu scopurile noastre.
Din congruena emoional rezult tipul emoiei dat de msura n
care evenimentul este congruent cu obiectivele noastre.
n faza a doua intervin mecanisme de coping, mecanisme ce in
de tipare de gndire formate nc din copilrie. De exemplu, atribui
rea: cui atribuim situaia? propriei persoane sau altora.
n tabelul urmtor sunt prezentate emoiile rezultate n funcie
de modul de formulare a scopurilor i de modul de atribuire a rs
punderii pentru situaia dat: e1 desemneaz un eveniment congruent
i relevant atribuit de subiect unei alte persoane (e.g. provoac o stare
20
pentru tema noastr) i structura gndirii: descrierile care se pot da nu epuizeaz pro
cesele ce dorim a le explicita, ci doar anumite momente ale lor.
Smith, E., E., NolenHoecksema, S., Fredrickson, B., L., Loftus, G., R., Introducere n psiho
logoe, ediia a XIVa, Editura Tehnic, Bucureti 2005, p.562.
466
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
e1
e2
e3
0..a..1
1
1
1
0
Furie
1
1
0
1
Vinovie
0..a..1
0..a..1
0..a..1
0..a..1
E
467
22
468
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
24
469
26
27
470
MIHAICTLIN NEAGOE
471
Bibliografie
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5] Greene, A., J., Making Connections The essence of memory is linking one thought to another,
Scientific American Mind, July 2010; http: //www.scientificamerican.com/article.
cfm?id=makingconnections;
[6] Harris, T., A., Eu sunt OK tu eti OK, Editura Trei, 2011;
[7] Ioni, C., Note de curs TCSI, 2010;
[8] Ioni, C., Semnificaia ntlnirilor cu Solomon Marcus Contiena Culturii de