Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

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Wednesday, 18 July 2012

Bi c nhiu ngi c trong thng

ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

Sun s hay sung s?

Sun ngha l thng lin mt
ng (Nguyn Kim Thn
2005:1421) . . Ni sun l ni tri
chy, khng vp vp , khc vi ni
sung l ni...

ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit

* G.S. V TH NGC

Giu gim hay du dim?

C hai t du . Mt c ngha l
yu (v d: yu du ). T kia c
ngha l vt (v d: du vt ). Giu
v giu gim u c ngha l ...

(Trch c San n Hng - Xun K T 1989 - San

Jose)
Vi cc ti liu C Nhn hc, Nhn Chng hc v
Kho C hc c pht hin trong hai thp nin qua,
thm vo nhng nghin cu ca cc ngnh khoa hc
khc t Dn Tc hc, Ngn Ng hc cho n cc ngnh
Kim Loi hc, a Cht hc ... ngy nay ngi ta c
th mang thi i Hng Vng vo chnh s. Thnh ra
phm vi ca bi vit ny ch ht sc khim nhng nh l
mt ch thch nh ca mt lun vn lch s v thi dng
nc u tin ca Vit tc.
Bi vit cng khng c nhng pht kin no mi l
hn l b xung v tng kt nhng ngh, lun c ca
cc hc gi i trc. Tuy nhin n cng c mt hy vng
l chm dt nhng bi "su kho" ch lp li nhng
kin ca Maspero, L D, L Ch Thip ... cch y hn
na th k, hoc t hn na l cc bi vit ca tng m
h ci gi l "chim lc".
T Ng Hn Vit: Hm By Cc Hc Gi
Mt thi bo ch Si Gn ch diu mt ngi tng
b trng ca Vit Nam Cng Ha khi ng ta nhm Nht
Nh Man (ch Hn c phin m ch nc c:
Germany, German) l nc Nht (Japan). Nhng nhiu
ngi khng bit l chnh "tr chi" tng t l hm
by bit bao hc gi Vit Nam v ngoi quc trong vn
nghin cu lch s, vn ha Vit Nam. Bi v l do duy
http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

Gim hay dm?

T in xa nay ch c gim ,
khng c dm . Nhng hin nay
trn Internet s trang vit sai
nhiu gp i s trang vit ng.
...
Ti sao o nt ngc ph n c
gi l xu ching?
Xu ching l phin m ca t
soutien-gorge ting Php. T ny
vo ting Vit c cc bin th
khc nh xu chin, xu cheng, x
cheng, x ...
Mu be l mu g?
Mu be l mu len t nhin, gia
mu trng nh nh v mu nu
sng. Be l t mn m ting
Php ( beige ).

Ch

chn dung (13) chnh sch ngn ng (5) chnh t

(34) cy c (9) c s (9) dch thut (25) ghi

(219)

ch

gio dc (4) gii hoc (5) huyn thoi anh

hng (10) huyn thoi ting Vit trong sng

v giu p (30) Hn Nm (4) lch s cn i

(34) lch s hin i (101) phim nh (3) phng
ng (5) sao phng ng ngha (4)

mng (224)

su tm trn

sn (28) thut ng chnh tr (6)

thut ng Cng gio (2) thut ng ngn ng hc (2)

thut ng qun s (38)

thut ng ton hc (1)

thut ng xy dng (2) thnh ng & tc ng (11)

trang phc (10) tnh dc & hn nhn & gia

nh (37) t liu (23) t nguyn dn gian (18) t
trc hc (5) t in hc (26) vn chng (11) vn
ha (3) vn ngh (1) a danh (23) nh ngha (21) m
thc (24)

347,758

1/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

nht l tt c ti liu lch s ca chng ta u vit bng

Hn vn, v mt s khng nh cc danh t v nhn, vt,
a danh, danh xng ... ch l ch "k m" m cc v
khng bit, ch chy theo ngha t Hn Vit.
"Lc" Theo Ngha T Hn Vit
Tr li vi cc ti liu vit v c s Vit Nam, ta th
tm hiu khi vit v Lc Vit, lc in, lc hu, lc tng
... ngi ta vit ch "Lc" nh th no v vi ngha g.
u tin, Hn Th (khong th k th nht) dng
ch
Lc (m + cc), s gi l "Lc b M", vit
ch Lc Vit. Thy Kinh Ch ca Lch i Nguyn (u
th k 6) l ti liu c nht c vit nhiu v s Vit, c
dn sch Giao Chu Ngoi Vc K (sch vit vo th k
th t, mt), th vit l
"Lc b Chuy".

Lc (cc + chuy), s gi l

c bit ch ring c cc s gia Vit Nam l vit ch

Lc (tri + cc), s gi l "Lc b Tri", nh trong
i Vit S K Ton Th ca Ng S Lin i nh L (th
k 15) (1)
"Lc b M", sch Tng Bn Qung Vn i nh Tng
cho ngha l "Nga trng, bm en" (2), sch nghin cu
v Ng Nguyn hc ca Bernhard Karlgren cng cho
ngha "Nga trng, bm en" (3), Karlgren vi L. Wieger
cn cho mt ngha khc l con lc (4).

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c Chuyn ng Chuyn Ty 2 (Vng
Trung Hiu)
NGUN GC CA MT S A DANH
THUC NINH THUN V ...
c Chuyn ng Chuyn Ty 1 (Vng
Trung Hiu)
Y-c-xanh l ai? (Thy Ngn)
Vn minh kinh xng (Nhm Hng)
Hng Vng hay Lc Vng (An Chi / Hu
Thin)
L bin c phi l t Hn Vit khng?
QUNG NAM: MIN T KHAI SINH CH
QUC NG (Chu Y...

"Lc b Chuy", sch Qung Vn ch ngha l chim K

K. Chim K K (5) th theo t in T Hi chnh l chim
c mo (otus sunia japonicus) (6), sch ca Karlgren
cng ch ngha l mt loi chim (7) cng nh sch ca
Wieger (8).

Do u c tn chn mc?

Ring v ch "Lc b Tri", ch ring c s gia Vit l

dng. Ch ny phi c l Mch (m Quan Thoi l M)
ch mt dn tc (r) phng Bc Trung Quc, hoc l
Hc (m Quan Thoi l Hao) ngha l mt loi chn,
badger, da dng lm o. Chng ta s hiu ti sao ch c
s gia Vit dng ch ny on sau.

Chn mui hay chn mi?

Vi tt c nhng ngha , ta thy ngay khng c

ngha no ch dn tc Lc Vit, Lc in, Lc tng
cho xui. V khng th no ngi ta ly tn chim c mo,
vn c coi nh loi chim qui g, (v th sau ny ngi
ta cn thay ch "Lc b Chuy" l c mo, thnh "Lc b
M" trong cc nhn danh, a danh Trung Quc). Trong

http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

T nguyn ca "khng", "sng" (Trn Trng

Dng)
C i v c ui c lin h g vi nhau
khng?
Gc v ngha ca t CHN (An Chi)
T nguyn ca b nhn (An Chi Hu Thin)
Vn c l lnh nh binh (Nng Lng Mi s
139 ,...

Khng l lnh th l g ? (Nng Lng Mi s

135 ,...
CH TH TP V NGUYN LAI CC TN
GI THNG D...
NGI LC VIT PHI CHNG L MT
NHM LAVA C? (T...
ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)
Sng lng l sao?
A. de Rhodes, tr li cc ng Phm Quang
Tun v P...
Cam Bt l bung xung ca Tu Kha (Phm
V La H)...
Nt p vn ha l g?
Alexandre de Rhodes c o cng trnh?
(Chn Lu...
M mui ci g th tt?
Thn tng l g?
L hai hay l mt?
Ai dm gi lch s l con im?

2/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

M" trong cc nhn danh, a danh Trung Quc). Trong

ting vit cn c cc thnh ng xu nh: Mt c v, c
dm nh bnh, c ku ra ma, c i n con v.v.... Nu
ni l vt t, th t trng ng n thn thoi chng thy
c nhc g n c mo c.

V ngha "Nga trng bm en" th cng tng t,

hn th na, bn tr thc phong kin Trung Quc, vi
u c hp hi, t tn v thc dn lun lun dng
nhng ch b khuyn (ch) ch nhng dn tc lng
ging (Dun, Qua, Dao, Lo, ng). Chnh v khng thch
ch "ch nga" nh vy, cc s gia Vit mi dng ch
"Lc b Tri" thay th (9). V vy ti sao ta thy ch c
s gia Vit Nam mi dng ch "Lc b Tri", v c tnh
"phin thit" sai nh vy, ch r y ch l ch k m.
"Lc" L T T Ting Vit
Mt hai hc gi thy c s bt n khi truy ngha
t Lc theo Hn vn. Ngi i xa nht l Nguyn Kim
Thn v Vng Lc trong bi "Th Tm Ngun Gc Ng
Ngha ca T T "Lc" (10).
Nh dn, sch Thy Kinh Ch dn li sch Giao
Chu Ngoi Vc K l sch c nht vit v s nc ta vit

ng Bi Trng Liu mun ch i n bao

gi?
Nht qu, nh ma, th ba... ngo p ! (Nguyn
D)
Mt hng l g?
VN HO HN NHN NHN T GC T
NGUYN HC VN ...
Na v na khc nhau th no?
Nhng ch sai kh ng trong T in thnh
ng v ...
Hm p lng v trm th b gin (An Chi
/ Hu ...
Thun l ci g?
T duy ti hn l ci qui thai g?
Dch tn Bin ng sang ting Php nh th
no?
Ting Qung ng i l ting Qung ng
(An Chi Hu...
Li king hy! (Cao T Thanh)
Kht khe hay khc khe?
Pht hin ca ai? (Quch Hin)
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nh sau:
"Thi xa khi Giao Ch cha c qun huyn, th t
ai c Lc in, rung y l rung (cy cy) theo con
nc thy tri Dn khai khn rung y m n nn gi l
Lc Dn. C Lc Vng, Lc Hu lm ch cc qun
huyn. huyn phn ng c Lc Tng. Lc Tng c
n bng ng, (eo) gii (vi mu) xanh. V sau con vua
Thc em ba vn lnh nh Lc Vng Lc Hu, thu phc
cc Lc Tng. Con vua Thc nhn xng l An Dng
Vng" (11)

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Khi thy tt c ngha Hn Vit ca t Lc u khng

tha mn ca ch Lc trong on vn trn, th ngi ta
ng ngay l t "Lc" phi l t t ting Vit. Vy ting
c "Lc" c ngha l g?
Nguyn Kim Thn rt sng m t gi thuyt l
ch c ngha "nc". Tuy nhin v chng c, ng ch tm
c c mt t l "rc" trong nc rc (nc rng), cn
rc (cn ht) (12). (Cng nn bit ch Rc (nm) dng
ch Hn l "Lc b Thy" k m). Thnh ra phn ph
bnh ca ng th hp l, nhng ng cha chng minh
c gi thuyt m ng va "thy" c. Phn sau y
chng ti xin trnh by minh chng r rng "Lc" ng

http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

3/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

chng ti xin trnh by minh chng r rng "Lc" ng

l "Nc".
"Lc" l "Nc"
Ta hy nhn vo bng ting ch "nc ca cc dn tc
c coi l ng chng (?) sau y:
BNG 1: Vit (hin dng): Nc - M: a - Churu:
- Koho: a - Nup: a - Muong: a - Bana: k - S
ng: k - Cua: ak - Xi Ting: ac - Mng: Rc Vit (ting a phng bc Trung B): Nc

(Nn nh vng "ting a phng bc Trung B" vn

c cc nh ng hc coi l ni duy nht cn gi c
nhiu ting c Vit)
Nh vy ta thy r rt Nc, hay k chnh l c m
ca t "Nc".
Nay ch cn mu cht gii thch t m t "Nc" bin
thnh "Nc". Chng ta s chng minh c s bin t
m "A" thnh "" nh Nguyn Kim Thn ngh (13),
ta c th theo di cc bng so snh sau y:
BNG 2:
a) So snh ting a phng bc Trung B (c hn)
vi ting a phng Bc B: Nc - Nc, Nng - Nng
b) Ting Mng (c xem l gn vi c Vit) so vi
ting Vit hin i: Rc - Nc, Li - Li
c bit l ting Vit hin nay ta cn thy rt nhiu
ting tng ng ang c dng ln cho nhau:

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BNG 3:
Bang / Bng (Bng ra)
Chng / Chng (anh chng)
ng / ng (ng i)

Tc gi

T Nguyn Hc
MPT
T Trc Hc

ang / ng (ng cai)

Nng / Nng (nn nng)
Nht / Nhc (nhng nhc)
Np / Np ( i np np)
Rm / Rm (rm nng)
Rn / Rn (rn c)

A ds by V ideo P lay er

A d O ptions

Tan / Tng (rch tng)

c bit hn na l nhng t Hn Vit m "A" cng
thng c "nm ha" bng ""
BNG 4:
http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

4/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

BNG 4:
Khang / Khng (an khng)
Lng / Lng (mt lng)
Lang / Lng (lng ng)
Phang / Phng (phng hng)
Phan / Phn (cy phn)
Pht / Phc (th phc)
Thang / Thng (vua Thng)
Khng nhng cc m "A" bin i vi m "" nh
trn, m ph m L/N/R cn cng c th thay i ln
nha Th d xem bng 5. Nn nh R, , N, L u l m
Rng Nu (Dental Alveolar) ch khc nhau cong
li.
BNG 5:
Nc - Lc - Rc
Nm - Lm (mi) - Rm (mi)
Ni - Li - Ri
Np - Lp - Rp
Nung - Lung (lay) - Rung
N (non) - L (nh) - R (r)
Nu - Lu (...!) - Ru
t chng ta cn bit mt s ln ngi khng pht
c m L (ng Ni Nn ...) c bit l tt c dn Vit
vng bin Bc B u pht m L thnh N.
Theo lut Ng hc th m no cng d c v c
i a s ngi ta pht m c th cng c hn. (
cng l trng hp i a s dn Vit Bc B khng pht
c m TR (v m khng c trong Vit Ng, l s k
m sai ca cc gio s ngoi quc). Nh vy m "N" chc
chng phi c trc m L.
Tuy nhin cng cn nn bit v Ng m hc lch s
t nguyn hc (Etymology) th ngi ta ch ch trng n
t cn (root) cn cc ph m u (prefix), ph m cui
(suffix) th rt bin i theo thi gian v khng gian.
Cng nh ch ch n m T (Phoneme) ch khng
ch n cc k hiu k m.
Nhng cn ch Lc nu ch l k m th ngi Trung
Quc c nh th no ? iu quan trng l phi bit h
pht m thi c nh th no?
http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

5/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

Tht may mn, cng trnh nghin cu v c m Hn

c nh Trung Hoa hc ni ting Karlgren nghin
cu. Tra t in ca ng ta thy c m hn c c ba
ch Lc (b m, b chuy, b thy) u c c l "Lak"
(14). (Ngy nay ngi Bc kinh c l Lo). Khi nghin
cu cc bn vn Phn ng k m bng Hn t, pht hin
c ng n Hong, chng ti kim chng li s
chnh xc ca Karlgren (15).
Thnh ra ch Lc in ch l Rung Nc, ch Lc l
ch k m chng khc no ch D Th l cy Da (D l
ch k m ca Da), Ba La Mt Th l cy B'La Mt (cy
mt), Ph l Bu (tru) v.v...
Nhng rung nc l rung g? C g c bit ?
Phi nn bit Hn tc bc phng, t t l pha bc
Hong H ch bit trng la m (rung kh). Phng nam
mi l ni trng sinh ra phng php trng la go
(rung nc).
Mun trng c la go, con ngi phi t c
trnh vn minh cao hn ht thy so vi cc hot ng
kinh t nng nghip khc, v h phi bit tnh ton c
chu k thin vn, iu thy .... bn cnh cc k thut
nh lm ra c li cy v thun phc c tru (15b)
(l ging vt duy nht cy c rung nc, vn l
mt con th hoang d tn v to ln) v.v....
V vy dn tc u tin lm ch c rung nc, t
phi kiu hnh lm (so vi tnh trng thi , th cn hn
l cc nc u chu trong thi gian "cch mng kinh t"
ca th k 19 nhiu). Th m dn Lc Vit li l dn tc
u tin trn th gii bit n n, cuc khai qut ca
Wilheim G. Solheim, thuc i hc Hawaii li cho thy
sau khi th phng xa C-14, mu la ca ngi Ha Bnh,
cho nin i l khong 3500 trc Ty Lch, sm hn
n v Trung Quc khong 1000 nm, ni m ngi ta
vn cho l qu hng ca loi la trng ny (16).
Solheim cn tin l nu tip tc tm kim ngi ta c th
tm c mu la, chng t l ngi Lc Vit bit
trng la hn bn ngn nm trc Ty lch (17). Cng
nn nhc y l qua cc cuc o tm ny ngi ta
minh chng mt s chng liu c th khc nh nn vn
ha Ha Bnh bit n kim loi sm nht th gii, bit
lm gm sm nht th gii .... (18). Nh a cht hc
Hoa K Carl Sauer t nm 1952 cng t gi thuyt
chnh ngi Ha Bnh bit n nng nghip sm hn ht,

http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

6/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

chnh ngi Ha Bnh bit n nng nghip sm hn ht,

gi thuyt ny cho n nm 1966 th c cc gio s
ca cc i hc Otago (Tn Ty Lan), Hawaii (Hoa K)
chng minh bng cc mu u vi nin i cho bi phng
x C-14 l 10 ngn nm trc Ty lch (19). Cui cng
Solheim t gi thuyt nn vn ha Ha Bnh, Bc Vit
Nam c th l gc m ca nn vn ha Lng Thiu
Trung Quc (ni pht tch ra vn ha Trung Quc) (20).
Tr li vi t t "Lc", nh vy chng ta i qua
c cc chng ng:
1.Minh chng "Lc" l Nc, c m ca ting Vit v
c Hn cng trng hp nh vy (21).

2.Dn Lc Vit bn a l ch nhn u tin trn th

gii bit v ngh lm "rung nc" (la go) v rt hnh
din khi nhn mnh l "Lc dn" (khng th hiu l "ngi
nc" (22) nh Nguyn Kim Thn vit, m nn hiu l
"ngi c rung nc", "ngi lm ch rung la",
"ngi bit lm ngh nng", ging nh l "Engineer,
Actor, Artist, Administrator ... Mc d khng ai ph nhn
l nn vn ha ca chng ta cho n hin nay vn t c
s trn nn kinh t thuc v "nc" (ni theo kiu
Hydraulic Society), yu t "sng nc" khng th tch ri
khi vn ha Vit: Long Qun ... theo cha xung bin ...
ngi trong mt nc .... nh tc gi vit). Vy th
tr li cu hi l Hng Vng hay Lc Vng ca cc c
t ra t trc 1945, ta tr li th no?
KT LUN:
Lc Vng l Hng Vng.
Khng c vn vit nhm.
Kt lun ta c th thoi mi m hiu rng t Lc
trong Lc Vit, Lc in, Lc Tng ... d vit theo "Lc
b Chuy", "Lc b M" hay "Lc b Tri", u ch l ch
k m, v ngy nay vi ch quc ng, v tnh vn
c gii quyt: chng ta ch cn mt ch Lc.
tm hiu Lc c ngha l g hy vng bi ny gii
quyt c cu hi . Nhng tr li cu hi, vy th l
Hng Vng hay Lc Vng? Chng ti ngh li gii
p nh sau:
Trc ht v th tch, sch c hn ht l Giao Chu
Ngoi Vc K (th k th 4) do sch Thy Kinh Ch (th
k th 6) dn li (xem phn trn) th u vit l Lc (Lc
Vng, Lc in, Lc Tng ... ) Tri li sch Nam Vit
Ch (th k th 5) do sch S Hc K (th k th 7) dn
http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

7/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

Ch (th k th 5) do sch S Hc K (th k th 7) dn

li th u vit l Hng (Hng Vng, Hng in ....)
Ring sch s chng ta vit v sau, nhng c bit l
tt c u vit l Lc (xem phn trn), tr danh t duy
nht l Hng Vng, th vit ch Hng (xem cc sch
Lnh Nam Chch Qui, Vit in U Linh, Vit S Lc, i
Vit S K Ton Th, v.v....)
S gia Ng S Lin cn cho bit: (trc l) Lc Tng
sau lm ra Hng Tng (Lc Tng hu nga vi Hng
Tng) (23)
Trc nh th chin H. Maspero c Hn Th cho
thy trc th k th 5 sch Trung Quc ch dng t ng
Lc Vng v t ng Hng Vng ch thy xut hin t
sau Nam Vit Ch (th k th 5) nn ch trng ch c
Lc Vng, s d c t Hng Vng v vit nhm ch Lc
(cc + chuy) thnh ch Hng (quang + chuy). c l
cng l l ca Ng S Lin (24).
L D v hu ht cc hc gi Vit Nam sau ny, u
ch trng Hng Vng bi cc l:
1. Lc Vng l ch do ngi Trung Quc dng
ghi tn Vua nc Lc, ch Hng Vng mi l tn hiu
ca t nc Vit.
2. Ch Lc trong t Lc Vit vit vi b tri, v b m
th khng th lm vi ch Hng c.
3. Tt c trong d s, truyn thuyt Vit ... qua n
cc di tch lch s u vit hoc mang danh hiu Hng
Vng (xem cc truyn Nht D Trch, ng Thin
Vng, L ng Trng ... cc a danh n Hng, Ni
Hng ....)
Cuc tranh lun cho n nay cha xong ... cho n
hm nay.
Chng ti mi c mt gio s ng nghip gii
thiu cho bit cun sch mang tn l Thuyt Vn Thng
Hun nh Thanh ca Chu Tun Thanh th cho thy ch
Lc b Chuy c th c thay th bng ch
Hng
(quang + chuy): chng c tn Lc o nhn vt trong
sch Hn Th, phn c kim nhn biu (Lc o l bn
vua Thun) c Thi Hiu (mu s ca t tng i
Tn l Thng ng), tc gi Thi T Thp Nh Thin i
tn l Hng o.
Tm li, chng ti trnh by ngha ca t Lc ch
c ngha l Nc. V nhu cu ghi ch, s sch c ta ln

http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

8/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

TM HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

c ngha l Nc. V nhu cu ghi ch, s sch c ta ln

Trung Quc bt buc phi dng Hn t ghi chp.
Ring ngi Vit chng ta thch dng ch Lc b Tri v
ght ngha en ca hai ch Lc kia: (Nga trng bm
en, c v). Vic ny ch xy ra khi ta tip xc vi Hn
tc v bit dng Hn t.

Tuy nhin theo ngha en th c ch Lc u chng

tt p g. Cn ch Hng th tht l tt p hn (c,
trng, mnh) nh trong cc t anh hng, hng trng,
hng hn, hng dng .... Vy th khi bit c Hn t, c
th chng cn bit n ch n thay c ch kia, dn
Lc Vit cng t ng tn xng v lnh o l Hng
Vng ri. Th m tin l Hng o c t ba trm
nm trc ty lch, th ng nhin dn Lc Vit phi gi
v quc t mnh l Hng Vng th cng ng. Cho nn
mi n sau ny mi truyn thn thoi hay a danh dn
u knh trng m gi l Hng Vng, hi n Hng
v.v.... Tm li, Hng l ch khc ca ch Lc, l danh t
Lc dn tn xng Vua ca mnh, khng th c chuyn
vit lm nh H. Maspero hay Ng S Lin vit.
Ring v cc t khc, Lc in, Lc tng, Lc hu
.... th hoc v tn trng v lnh t nn ng Lc hu chng
dm nhn ngi ta gi mnh l Hng hu, hoc v Hng
in th i qu xa ngha nguyn thy l rung nc ...
nn dn Vit vn tip tc dng Lc in, Lc hu .... Cho
nn n tn ngy nay chng ta vn ch dng ch Hng
Vng, cn tt c u l Lc ht: Lc hu, Lc tng,
rung lc ....
Ring v quyn sch Nam Vit Ch ca Thm Hoi
Vin, th ngy nay khng cn, u ch l nhng on
c chp li trong S Hc K (th k th 7), trong Thi
Bnh Hon V K ca Nhc S i Tng (th k th 10)
m c l on vn c nhiu ngi dn i dn li "Giao
Ch c rung, ngi ta gi rung y l Hng in, dn y
l Hng Dn, qun trng l Hng Vng, hu ty l Hng
Hu, t ai chia cho cc Hng Tng". Xem th tht
ging on dn Thy Kinh Ch ( dn phn trn).
C im khc l Nam Vit Ch th ton dng ch Hng.
iu ny cng d gii thch, hoc l ng khng cn
bit t t "Lc" l Nc, v theo li thay ch ca Thi
Hiu, ng dng Hng thay cho ch Lc c ngha en
khng tt p g v l do thanh nh, lch s (chc ng
phi c cm tnh g lm mi tm huyt m vit quyn
Nam Vit Ch kia). S cng ni rng ng tng sng
http://tunguyenhoc.blogspot.com/2012/07/y-nghia-quoc-hieu-lac-viet-vu-ngoc.html

9/12

Ngy 7 thng 2 nm 2014

HIU T NGUYN: ngha Quc hiu Lc Vit (V Th Ngc)

Nam Vit Ch kia). S cng TM
ni
rng ng tng sng
Giao Ch th t ng cng bit v l do ngi Lc Vit gi
ng t h l Hng Vng. Tri li tc gi Thy Kinh Ch
v Giao Chu Ngoi Vc K l quan li ca Trung Quc,
mt quc gia phong kin ang h dn Vit, t h dng
"Lc b M" vi ngha en l "Nga trng bm en" th
cng ng l "sch lc khai ha man di" lm vy.

V TH NGC
Bt Bt ng, San Jose Ma Xun
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