a ™ FMF10 Joli gunhall Jal a aa enon « Ss 4 Amplifiers a a Notebook a @ op-amp gucpl acy: giSaUOperational Ansplifiee Cop Ame) = Ib is om integral Circuit Hab omplities the Offence bebwreen bod inpub Velhags and preduces a Sing! oukpul. Op- hee = Nome 3 used in Oinales Compubers be _peiorn rabhem obicat Coperabions) bo Seve dafherentiod anal inbeprad cqnahons. => We will Gnsider idea op. Amp. Since. it Simplifies He analysis and design of ap-Amp Circuit. * Sympel 2 ut vi ay? Avo ve * The op- Amp has 20 - 30 bromsistors.For iglen) op —Nmps t= 4) Ri _, 0 +[4-0] f.:0] we 2) R, +0 aoO> iacerling Fevnnemal (+) = hon invewrhvg bernntiral. 4) Avy -—s co og o Fa w MU, = Moy Cus-1) => vie 5) no Gupli Gpocilor So, VU) amol Vy Gull be AC, DC, oR ACE bem * Op~ Amp Gruits t© ee z op. ae a te Tras ting Annplifier ern grown (veltage, #8 Convert «0') R: o> nagakive Ferd back, Ni Ne Find Ays Neo vi ~ f . a KCL abe = t, 2 th 0 = tp =p pico orm : ‘: R, Nu Baleae R => Rk - = > -NK + Lh +0 20 op| Re eR % = Ry Wx = 00 12sDesign on op - hue Cureuit Sucda Hot Au. Bo Vg 2 OL Sin wok Cv), Assume Hell Us Gun Supply poking Current of GAA Re Te, Fy ey é Al. yee ee Re eee Ry eG Ree A. Ry VL cma = Na tine) =F een @ R, R, sob = 26 kn2. inverting amelifier voit, Ta network += Ex: iF We veyuivecl Ky 2 -\00 oncl inpuk vesistance Ri= 50kx ‘Design on inser bina dnp lilies t= R: R. R, NL, Ve xi Ay a Rs 1p mee eee SEL \ pie; 2s RR Bake prplemlen Re. SMR Cimpnachical Vatus J very heal! Sol ap use T- network, insteod of RaEx: Fer an inverting Mmptiien udith a Tonek work , if He Source is a microphone that has a mex. oulpul Ualhage of [2 mV Cems) ond oubput Resistance of (hm Te amplifier is to Be alecignad Such Hwk fhe mad. outpub Mollage is 20 Cems} aml Hee inpub impedance 1s 44 ten A Cmeays LQ Crag wp Ria Utter o> Riz Ri oo RP, - uthkan Ayo =Ne_ + 12M os . too Ay (Zeiou d Phase = Shift ket Ros Ry s YOokn ep Rue 38-1 erFeo les, tye wi 2G Blo tilt AS gol x cS Semin Aunplition 4 Super position AS due be A) only 3 i . oe ee ket ab x 4 + Je + Fes tee Nin-2 = =e Ri Re ‘ Ne: “S As. finial «Nie Cdua be Vee ) = a2: nee(ES pee heer Ue = a (es ee ae z,) Exe “Desien a SHE aimpliFier it Nae 5-0-SSmusk Coa) and Ry = 5OR tre veguiracl oubpul Voltage is An> 25rd) i 5-0.5 swash Nig 1 2tin vol Ne. -Re ( Ve,4 Nr.) R -5 25in wh: . CS- 6-5 Sink “k oo Giese GER eee Sin cob R CT ee Res OB ar Lk Rs Bokn Res $20 ken% Practical Specifications te ll Fore _Lateal op- Arp - Siaple Anode sis 5 oe For practial op—Amp > move Analy Sis ERIC Wen pene [Ee Rio RR. DOL? oA ¢ 00 eM dae * & we Fink Hee Gain Bae Me =Ane Ned Nie Ve - Ne s cu, Red Nahe Aaa Ae R & Mw = Ale - me —— i RQ, fi Pane Ce &] iP Re. took» Riz 1O kn to* - 4.01 lo -4.39 tol | set to? | - 4.404 co alo annoy Fideall for Ri doo Re ¢0 A. j\Ce) Cee =) a R, Ro +e Red Ra a phe ee RaRa Just Felicewe (4) No n—inaserting Aeplifier 2 Up = o-Nz = Ni-\ R Rg a R(B) Noltaga folloer (buffer om imptslonte _hroms formes) Ioaelg elle Widjollone Yeni SL. My Mi s cd Ry ctookan, oe 5 Roe thea Nez _\_ (hgh nig Steck aS eS tor Ks ) Rar, lead vr | took Aig] tN, Ar Re a Nes Nr (No Sida Het’)(6) Curent. be — Nolte Grew 3= [o> wees Source. wen Ris Changpel 7 Ks Be Me Reaching shedd be Cosh wen Ry isChangeed = we hwe a Current Source ancl We wont ts Gover ik be otsthayy Source « Cuma Source Solution 1 =p use R buf if BA is Hen Vo wsill sl ae % , ibis not & Salubicns4) Nollage. fo. Carton Converrhesr t= Soltion 13 - use R R <— | bub eS Ng we Chamgect_- So ik is Wek & Solubion. Nella. = Semee Cument Source. Solution 23- He, A Ae US oe « I, .1, Laws ik is indlapedodt Ras onR.. Soikis 0. Solution . Som et. => bub in this Seltion, wre nec Ry be be hak Gromncesl. TER, is Grounded Hem 12.0 - So this Solution Can be usal if we used @ Gil by obrive bhe Losal.t, = t, a ee RS R Re => Ni La = t.% ~ Ve > @ R, Re kel ab y3- ty Uae tp ee Nb tk 5 ete ie p> (2) R, R we {8 2: . A 1-n\e t C52 | Re) th le make ty. inclepen ola b on 2. by desan 2°Diernce Anapliier : UAing Super pasibion =~ Ne (duets Vrs only ) ly » ty. Nu-0. es O-Ve => AS 2 ak “Vr, R, Ra Ry A (due, lo Nin only ) Ni, 2 Nz, Ra . " Ryths Ly, = Ug O-Miy = Nieves Ri Re Ne = Rg (Cie a 4 Ve No = (1+ Bs/( ue a * No = No + Neo YOR Gg ti Aes Rat Raeee (tee Rf = ix, Be Ny AS adifferance amplitier . iP ye Nip, When Ns Schooled he Zero . Soy design ue. need pe Colinas Hen => a Re = Ve cant, Ix KUL se Ny yy +RI,+0+ ks], -0 : Ry Ri = a = Pek: usually in difference amplifier ure Sek Ra=R ok Ry=Ra aki -2kTnstrumenlation Arnplifier fe =» IndelFerance amplitier :- NJa = i (Vin -Nu) Rk}. OR, we hese high lente => problem {2 Wig Ry Srl Ry, Solution plea use. buffer Ra R ME _ ple Uy a 2 —_> ee 6s = => gain = fe This Solution Salve the poreblens dt Ri bubutewse. hits! be Change he gain, We nerd be Change hwo resishors Gully ab be Some Hind at Mists om issue >Solution 22+ use iain Nsplifier & mp: eA = No = Nu + 4h Nox = “Iz, — €.R2 t, 2 AJti-Nia R, 2 Nee Cl+ tees = “ Nita & Nore (14 a Sie oe Nav No = Ry (Nea ~ eu) R3 = a aia Vn) => We Con Chavas He in by Changing Ore resishon ch only.ww) Inbegralor Cireusil 3 - Zk Ry Raion “ee 2 Q-Ve ALG). =! Nx (s) CS domain) i a Oa lob Xe Gt Feo) = Ve (Fine domain) E No: Ve-_1 [05 dh RC, (") (iMeeabithee Cincusk == Gq Netsd: - SC. Ra Vy CS) Nts - RC, AVC) oefx: Gasiobr an imberabe Crrcuit Assume Hat He Nolhage Ne OcHeEs be Gpacibor ig, two at $:0. K Step. inpul \eltage. oF Vyz -19_ is opplieck af +.0. “GRE Find He time Qnatant required Sich Hel the culpa veoches 410V of be bms UzC4) a b =i ALG) = aS Ny) bt ee Net: +b y RC =i AOD eg ee bro Gc +10< a => Te olmewe Ex: whl is te (Geliben peat Hug Ciccuit on inbegralor. ? R SuchHek (Re #00). | fer _ ES Ne Sap) Face geectanalod inbopreber Gepa| ap AUG eh Nio SRCo Fon Hes Gictlcss Ajo G) = -RaZst, . -R, ire) Ri Rice sce) poe Reee Rt + SRaGy If SRC, >) az Nw = =| Ny SRG Ths Creutt Cad be Gnsidrd a6 on inbeprober ab ish FreuerCies.Exs whal is. Fhe. Galilee Hol makes bes, Gr cus adedferen baby? Such Hel CR #0) Re. Cy Ry Ny | m5 Stel oe Slowhand cfdtenehabat nace roasal, Irs. fe Hes Grewia = NoG) = ka = - SC A Ret oe 1+ ScR, Cordihon > SC, R, «I(12). precision halt -~vowe rechifie 2 102 Itrou> Hod or cbiode bal woave vectibior. No= Nix -Vy =» If V, <0: assume We diode ts on o> f Ne =Vz Since Np KO = No oe 44, ty <0 aa vonage adsump ion & So fe disde is off oo Ne = Pere If Nz So. 3+ O45 une He diode ison =>(3) Reference Nelloge. Source design s- => for typical Uolhoge Sources t+ fo LEV babbany epi e) pectlee “co bath tEe ot Lat eects 2. Sbovral_resisharce » Rs ie @ | RL ut Ns 0 = at Rs Tk Genet be Considered a6 o.Pebanete Nolhoge Source. Sclubion 4 2+ Zp, ie + Ns Ne * 6-3 Ni ——— - 1 ot aoe we bal Ne is nok Fixed Nelhage So, this Solution iso geodSelubion 2. 3- use Zeno diode - tp Ye, ae _\& : Na aNe uy ‘LS = This Sslukion is beter Hon Shebion 4 Since Avg <& ANp bubes 1).it Comnct be Considered 04 accurabe, reherince Nolbane 2) Ve is atixed Nake. ond in Some opplicabion ure, raed obfee Nolues . Solution 32- Ra Msg Mae NeS Ne = Nk = Ns His Solution Selves prablem 2 lbuk prohlem 4 is Skill mere bolSolution YU % N =D. is oD SE Ne >? T Nu-N2 > 0-FN \Na> @# +¥89| ii te = lp, O-v2 = N#—-—NVo & Re a Bag i) Ne . Tea Nat Ng?» Sa Na Re RReerator = (MH) Square — wave gen Re carte “TE Ry os =< Riek, oat Ves) Te BGs “$4. tae at\et if Nady, y c =p it NV, 2 i 5. Chaged if No >Ve a dischorging ih Ned Ve=> Slat abx s Np = + Nek Nhs Nis +Vok By = y= Ne R+R, Na => Ni >\e [Ne = -VstJ No Ne Ne > Ne dis ChenginaFeed back 3- qd) positive feedback : aper tion Ee He output Signal is oddest te the inpul Sirol. =| = => used Por oscillabors a) nape Feedback + sport He oulpak Sipal is Sobhacled From Phe input Sod. — TEI & nigolive. Feed back: = achentages 8 1 Stability 2 the gain is not Sensebiva to Phe op. Amp pasamebus 2 Bond width exlension. re Sighod powrer- 3. increases He Signol be noise rab So Ns noise power 4. reduces the non lintow atisboirlion. a Nee SS. Nawge. Signal procluces arron lint obishirtion. 5. Gulab He impecbnce level (Control Ry ancl Ro)= (Dis aclivarlogen 1. reduce Hoe Aein: 2. the Greuit of negative Faedback may become unslable of high Crepron cies. + The Feedback Conceph Cer Signal oper loop goin. Sty se oe Seuyer Se |loocl oe ale Sos AS Sees Ses Sj - Sp, 2 S% +2 ACS -5q) Se = ACSi BS.) Ap = gem wilh Geetack AS Gon woithoub feetbadk Ap = — z oa Mek Cdiseaboomby) Smee BAS! ahs L Cirtapendnt on tly omptiion Croat ™ Shab ae)=> Bord width, exhinsion 2 let ACs) = A ga] <> Scr ; AG) ositkeeh | ae Peedback eal " Oy Tut) G =_Aws S > Apesy=__ 1+ S/n I+ iy Soy lp | Ue vesting AgcsS Ag L Ss os wu Ce BAS) Goin T9 Gus ban& Fezol back. hepole gies ge 4. Series — Shunt 2. Shunt _ Series. 3. Sevies _ Seviest Rs41 Shit — Shank =p Ne = Av Ve oli, -= Bua Nes Ni -New No = Au CUi - Bo Ue) Alo = Ay Vi B, Aue No Cle Buby) = AoW, BS ee Me i Ve Ae=. Rie = Nx Ix =Ny + Ne 4 Bye #0 SS Nee ia (Ase) =0 Je NIK ae > Ty = Ne “ \4B i Ry R = Ue (14 By Av) Rog = x Ty No qT Ny Ne + By Nx =0 @ [Ue = —Bu Ux | we —> Ty = Ae Ay Ve Re * [Ete 2 Qabbe pi Slane brs Wigh Glodsl be» velba x