Math 10C: Notes Date: Unit 2: Factors and Products Day 1: Review of Polynomials Vocabulary: 1. Variable: A letter or symbol used to represent a number. Examples: ? 1 Ks Ys L,0 Evaluate the following algebraic expressions if x = 2 and y= -3 a) 3x-yp+4 b) x°-5x+9 3(2)- (3) +4 =13 (@-5sOt9=3 2. Monomial: A number, a variable, or a product of numbers and variables. ‘A monomial is a one term polynomial. (Note: the exponent of any variable must be a positive integer in the numerator of the monomial) Examples: 7) x) Hx, x, ¥x7y 3. Binomial: A polynomial consisting of two terms. Examples: X+Y xy*-9 4. Trinomial: A polynomial consisting of three terms. Examples; X 25 Ktbh 5, Polynomial: Consists of one or more terms Examples: ¥ 7p 94°? +XTY¥ 6. Numerical coefficient: The number that multiplies the variable of a monomial Examples: jn Ya the numerical coetti aeAty's ¥ Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 1Complete the following table: Polynomial Number of Classified by LL Terms Number of Terms 8 I Monomial 8xy l mone mal 8x45 a binomial 3 . x 4x49 trinomal of 43x72 +4x49 4 Polynomial Vayty?t4 7 poly nomial 7. Degree of a Monomial: The sum of the exponents of the variables. Examples: 34° - dereeS 3 xy? - degree 9 8. Degree of a Polynomial: The degree of the monomial with the greatest degree. Examples: Tay + By * 3x" _ degree 7 Ascending order ys Descending order: 1. Write the polynomial 1+3x° —8x+7x5 — x4 a) in descending order of x Tan +39n 3 - bx +) b) in ascending order of x [ogi t9xI x0 FTO Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 22. Write the polynomial xy - 2xy> + xy = x5 424 xy a) in descending order of x 4 waht ay 4 a iyrrxry— ang "te b) in descending order of y — day 2G" aly + xy —x* 2 Complete the table: Polynomial Degree Classified by Degree 5 0 Constant 3x +8 i [inear 5x? +3 Aa g eouksowtiC 46x45 a 8 wad ratic 3-8 3 cubic xt aya + uate x=] Ss guintic Page 3 Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and ProductsAddition and Subtraction of Polynomials 3a+7b 1. Add: 9, _ 3, 2. (Ja—b)+(2a+9) Jaa +46 =Ja-bt dar? = Ga-b +9 3m?n+mn—Tn 3. Subtract: 2 Sm*n+3mn-8n —Anin - 2m +N 4. (6a-2b)-(4a+b) = Ga-db-Ya -5 = 2a-3b Multiplication and Division of Monomials 1. (-3x?)(7x5) 2. (2m3n7)(—Smn*) = “ax? = 10min“ 4x8 ye? =2smin® iy? 333 a 4. mn? a Assignment: MATHPOWER 10 Page 102 #3 to 51 (multiples of 3) and 55. Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 4Math 10C: Notes Date: Unit 2: Factors and Products Day 2: Multiplying Polynomials © Vocabulary: expand, simplify, distributive property, product, FOIL Part A: Multiplying a polynomial by a monomial: Definition: Distributive Property: For addition: For subtraction: AY iba) -abrac 4-2) =ab-ac Example: Determine the Area of the rectangle : xt+4 pe aa) = ax? tx 2x Expand and simplify: 1. 3(x— y)+2(2x + y) 2. 5(3y+2)-7(2y -3) Ia-Byt Ya tay 1547 10 “14g 721 Tuy gtd! Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 54, 3x(x? +2x-9) 3. 2a(3a—2b)—3b(3a +b) Bri thx 27x bo®Yoh -3ob -3b" bo°~-Tab -3b* Part B: Multiplying a polynomial by a binomial: Definition: Product of Binomials with the Distributive Pi ty: E=fist roperty: O= outer Fr O \ L Leiner (a+bye+d)=ac radt be +bol L= last Example: Determine the Area of each rectangle: a) b) xt3 x+4 x+l x+2 A= (+2) (x+4) ] 4 Ya tan t¥ ZA the +S A = (ati) (x43) = x*43x + xt3 =474+ 4x +3 Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 6Expand and simplify: 1, (&+3)(e-2) 2. Bx=1)(2x+5) = e-Axr 3x = 6x7 152 aS =a +x-6 2b PHB x 3. (x-3y)(2x+y) 4, (-2x- y)(-3x+ y) waxteny-bey-3y® = bxtaxy tary" “Ax*-5 xy —3y* 26x th ey-y? 5, (x—3)(x? +2x+5) = + An RSH 3H —b AE = 7 KA IE Mmetoda’ Alx-3)(xr8) 6, 2(x-3)(x+8) = Al m2+8x-3 x -Aa¥) Methel! -(ax-6)(x+8) =2( KA + 5H DY) ~ Ant tlee bx ~V =Qx8¢/Ox —¥F = Qx2 p/OK-4E 7. (x+3)(x+2) +(x +4) (x4) = ahaa BK Het ATK tHe a = oxt+ 0x +/0 Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 78. (V+ V—3)— (+ 2) +5) «Yay r ty )- (G18 125010) = gt dy +g 12-4? “Ty -Ay -10 = ~6y-24 9, Bx-2)(x +2x? -3x-4) = 3x1 +bx3-94? a4 — ax? Yoh a EF = Bl tx [3x3 bx +E ASSIGNMENT: Page 177 # 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, Page 186 #4, 8 to 12 and Worksheet (optional) Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 8Worksheet: 1. Multiply using the distributive property. a) (x-3)(r-6) b) (+105) c) (2x+3)x-4) d) (5-3ay(4+a) e) 3(x—2y)er+y») 2. Multiply. a) (x-5)(x+5) b) (m+10)(m-10) ¢) (2x+3)(2x-3) d) (4-3a)(4+3a) e) 5(2x-y)(2x+y) 3. Multiply a) x(x? +x-1) b) 3a(a? +3a-5) C) (+ 2)(x? -2x+5) Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 9d) (2a-3)(a? +5a-2) @) (x? 42x-N(x? - 2x41) 4. Expand and simplify 2 a) (x+2x-3)-(x-4) = Kx FAK-O- KTH = 44-au-2 b) (-Dox-2)+@+ D042) = Z2-A2x-“ta HK HANK HA = dart ¥ ©) (a-3)° +(a+4)2a-3) = 2% 3a3at9 + 2a°-3a t8a -/2 = Ja*-a-3 A) (9++22)(9+105)-(-Sa)y-52)= y *lOge raye 202% (y* SyeBy2 #262) 5 Ye loys Haye +262?- G74 5ye +54 % ~AS2? = aye - 52? e) (2x+3)—4x(x+4)Gx-1) = Anta 4x (3x2-x 112% -4) > QK13 - 12x +4 x7 YEu" tex = ~/ami -YY err /EK TZ Answers 1. a) x°-9x+18 b) y?+5y-50 c) 2x? -Sx-12 d) 20-7a-3a* e) 3x? —3xy—6y? 2. a) x?-25 b) m*-100 c) 4x7-9 d) 16-9a* e) 20x? -Sy? 3. a) 2x3 +2x*-2x b) 3a? +9a? -15a c) x8 +x+10 d) 6a° +a’ -19a+6 e) xf 4x? +4x-1 4, a) x?-2x-2 b) 2x7 +4 ¢) 3a°-a-3 d) 22yz-Sz2? e) -12x° -44x? +18x43 Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 10Math 10 C: Notes Unit 2: Factors and Products Date: Day 3: Multiplying Polynomials: Special Products Explore: Complete the table: Binomial Squared Simplified Trinomial (x43) = HRHFIK FINK HD (4r3)(¥43) = *46nr9 (4) = 2-4" —¥x th (x-4#)x-#) | = HP -Bx 4/6 (2x43) = Ya? thx -bx49 (Ax%+3)(QX13) | = Yer +/axr9 (Sx +3y)? 2 ASH? +15 ky HE Ky IY (Sx +34 Sxr3y) | ~a5x4 + B0xY + 9y? (2x—Sy) = Yx2-/0xy “Oxy? ASG} (ax-Sy\an-Sy) |= 4x7 20ny +g? (a+b)? =Q2+Qab tabs +h> (a+b)(a rb) =Q°+ Zab +rh> (a~b)* =Q?-ab -ab tht Ca-b)(a) = a* gabth? Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 11Inquire: 1. Compare the first term in each trinomial to the first term in each binomial. The pattern is Lirst term ineach trinomial is the First Fermin each binomial Sguaved 2. Compare the last term in each trinomial to the second term in each binomial. The pattern is , the last term én each trinomial ss the seconel term ia the binomial Sgua red. 3. Compare the middle term in each trinomial to the two terms in each binomial. The pattern is the midale term ineach trinomial 1s Atimes the productof the two terms in tht binomial 4. The rule for squaring a binomial is: (avb)* =A? 4 2ab tb la-b)* =a7- ab +h? 5. Determine the area of the square with side x+2 A=(xra)* ura = 4? 4 AAEM = A FHKTY Determine the area if x = 15 cm ray 271 Yery (svoj IS + YGSrY 289 Qasr oor¥ = 489 Ate Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 12Explore: Complete the table: Multiplication Simplified Product (x +4) - 4) = KP 4H FYK-(6 = YR-/6 (y= 5) +5) = Uf +54 Sy - 5 = G7 OS (2x — (2x +1) = Ye t@tAx -Ax-/ = ¥x7—-] (3x + 2y)(3x —2y) =94 7-64 +bay ~¥y = 9y2- 44 2 (x? =1)(x? +1) = Xp eA KFA = y%-/ (a+b)(a—b) = Q*-04 +24 -f? =a R_ 42 Inquire: 1, How are the two binomials in each multiplication alike? terms are tht Sams 2. How are the two binomials in each multiplication different? Signs are different 3. How do the two terms in the product compare with the two binomials in each multiplication? Sguare Lrest term ~ Se uaus Second term Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 134, Explain why there are only two terms in the product? middle terms add fo zero 5. Arrule for finding the product of these types of binomials: (ath) (q-b) =a? u Cony uga te hairs” 6. Use the rule to expand: (Sx —7y)(Sx + 7y) J5x°- 4 94 2 Expand and simplify: 1. 5Qx+4yy = 5 (9x? ratty r/bq) = ¥SKa+ labxy + 8047 2. (xt5)2 (xD? = X74 104 HAS HraKt! = 2x7 4+-8ar ab 3. (3x -1)(3x+1)-(x-4)(x+ 4) = (9x3 -1)- (x?-/2) = 971-27 to = Var els Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 144, 2(x +3)? —3(2x + 5)(2x -5) = (x46 x49) -3(4¥x as) = QxA FAK HIS —/QxR + TS = -/0 XP +/2X +93 5. (x+4)(7x-1)(7x +1) > (xt9 (4922-7) = YOx 3-H +196K?-Y¥ = 49x74/96 x?-x-Y¥ 6. (x+5)° =(x+15) (xts) (ers) (0 15) (42 +/0K +25) 2 34 10? 4 ASU HSI SOK IIS = KI+ |SHAF TEX #/2Q5~ 7. Determine the area of the following: 4 Area = Areahk + AreaB = 004) + Ard x-1) = Yet a -utan-a x A + = x2 +$a-d ! 8 xl Ktb- 4=Xrd Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 15,8. Determine the area of the shaded region: Shucled hig rere 2 , -small lenge rectargle "rectangle +aw * = 4+2u)\atu) ~ (3a) (o\ = Bobtdqw +baw +4u*-3a* Gata AF Baus +400? Summary © Squaring binomials: (a+b)? = a? + 2ab + b? (a —b)? = a? — 2ab + b? © Multiplying conjugate pairs: (a+ b)(a—b) =a? — b? Assignment: Page 185 #1-3, 5,7, 15 to 17, 18 to 22 Unit 2: Chapter 3: Factors and Products Page 16