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calex100 {Pengertian Statistika}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1

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\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pendahuluan}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols3\colno
1\colw3053\colsr-0\colno2\colw720\colsr-0\colno3\colw7666\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{Statistika}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8594X}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\
sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {metode yang berhubungan dengan penyajian dan penafsiran}\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kejadian yang bersifat peluang dalam s
uatu penyelidikan}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {t
erencana atau penelitian ilmiah}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\li1613\ri0\sl213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {Dalam statistika tercakup dua pekerjaan penting, yaitu :}\par\pard\li3053\r
i0\sl-293\slmult0 \*\tx4493\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {penyajian
}\tab \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u63740X}\par\pard\li4493\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u63741X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { DATA}{ }\fs24\cf0\f
0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61624X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {menghasilkan INFORMASI
}\par\pard\li3053\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \*\tx4493\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {penafs
iran }\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u63742X}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{Data = ukuran suatu nilai}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw4493
\colsr-0\colno2\colw6946\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li161
3\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \*\tx2333\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Data}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8594X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { bentuk jamak}\par\colum
n\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f0\charscalex100 { (plural)}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-29
3\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Datum }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8
594X}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { bentuk tunggal
(singular)}\par\pard\li
1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx3773\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Data-data}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { atau}\tab \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {datas }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {adalah penulisan yang
salah.}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Informasi : data yang telah diproses}\par\pa
rd\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Peranan Statistika dalam Ekonomi}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-2
80\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Dalam banyak pengambilan keputusan dalam
bidang bisnis, manajemen dan}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {ekonomi, statistik (berupa data) maupun statistika (sebagai metode)
berperan sangat}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100
{penting.}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-3
46\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya: Seorang manajer pemasaran pabr}
\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ik sepatu memerlukan statistik banyaknya}\par\pard\l
i1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {permintaan sepatu per ukura
n sepatu, per warna, per tipe, termasuk ukuran}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-266\slmul
t0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {sepatu/warna/tipe sepatu yang paling banyak dimin
ta; sebelum memutuskan besar}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {pasokan sepatu.}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\p
ard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Beberapa konsep yang d
ipelajari dalam Sta}\fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tistika juga menjadi bagian pent
ing bidang}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kajia
n dalam domain ilmu ekonomi. Misalnya probabilitas dan peramalan menjadi}\par\p
ard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {bagian penting dalam m
anajemen operasional.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw2333\colsr-0
\colno2\colw9106\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl
-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2.}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {JenisJenis Data}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2333\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2.1.}\t
ab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Berdasarkan Sumber-nya data dibedakan menjadi :}\
par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw3053\colsr-0\colno2\colw8386\pard\l

i2333\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(1)}\par\column\pard\li0\ri

0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Data Primer : data yang didapatkan
atau dikumpulkan sendiri}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-280\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya : dengan melakukan wawancara, observas
i atau penelitian di}\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex
100 {lapangan atau laboratorium.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw3
053\colsr-0\colno2\colw6746\colsr-0\colno3\colw1640\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(2)}
\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Data Sekunder di dapat dari pihak lain}\par\column
\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0
\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-226\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1}\par\pard
\sect\sectd\sbknone\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\
margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn186\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs
18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-453\s
lmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya dari data providers, Contoh da}\fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {ta providers : BPS, LIPI, SRI, dll}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx2333\fs24\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {2.2}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Berdasarkan Jenis-nya, data
dibedakan menjadi :}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\margls
xn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw3053\colsr-0\colno2\colw8386\pard\li2333\ri0\
sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(1)}\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl
-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2
333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0
\charscalex100 {(2)}\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsca
lex100 {Data Numerik (kuantitatif)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8594X}\f
s24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { dinyatakan dalam besaran numerik}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(angka)}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult
0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya
: Data pendapatan per kapita, pengeluaran, harga, jarak, dll.}\par\pard\li0\ri0
\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100 {Data Kategorik (Kualitatif)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8594X}\fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { diklasifikasikan berdasarkan}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {kategori/kelas tertentu}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl
-280\slmult0 \*\tx1440\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya :}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\c
harscalex100 {Kategori Mahasiswa Berprestasi dan Tidak Berprestasi,}\par\pard\li
1440\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Kategori kota kecil, sedang
dan besar,}\par\pard\li1440\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Kate
gori pendukung partai politik XXX, YYY, ZZZ,}\par\pard\li1440\ri0\sl-280\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {dll.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsx
n15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Pengolahan Data dengan St
atistika mensyara}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {tkan bentuk data numerik, untuk it
u data}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Kategorik
terlebih dahulu harus diubah ke bentuk numerik dengan memberi bobot}\par\pard\l
i1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {pada setiap kategori.}\par\
pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\t
x2333\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2.3}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Skala}\par
\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Empat tingkat Skala/Pengukuran berikut karakteristikny
a:}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\
cols2\colno1\colw3773\colsr-0\colno2\colw7666\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(a)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Nominal :}\par\colum
n\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Tidak ada urutan, urut
an tidak menunjukkan tingkatan}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {(rangking)}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex1

00 {Tidak ada titik awal}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscale

x100 {Tidak ada perbedaan}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\m
arglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw6653\colsr-0\colno2\colw4786\pard\li2333
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx3773\fs24\
cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya :}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Apa warna favo
rit anda :}\par\pard\li3773\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1. Un
gu}\par\pard\li3773\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3. Coklat}\pa
r\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \
fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2. Abu-abu}
\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4. Putih}\par\pard\
sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\
colw3773\colsr-0\colno2\colw7666\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li1613\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {(a)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\cha
rscalex100 {Ordinal : }\par\column\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ada urutan. urutan menunju
kkan tingkatan (rangking)}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscal
ex100 {Tidak ada titik awal}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charsc
alex100 {Tidak ada perbedaan}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn1584
0\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li2333\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li23
33\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \*\tx3773\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Misalnya :}\tab \fs24
\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Bagaimana prestasi belajar anda semester lalu?}\par\pard\
li3773\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {1. Sangat Baik}\par\pard\
li3773\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2. Baik}\par\pard\li3773\
ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {3. Sedang-sedang saja}\par\pard\
li3773\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {4. Buruk}\par\pard\li3773
\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \*\tx4133\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {5.}\tab \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100 {Sangat Buruk}\par\pard\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100 {Skala Nominal dan Ordinal digunakan berkaitan dengan data kategorik/ku
alitatif.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margr
sxn133\cols3\colno1\colw3773\colsr-0\colno2\colw6026\colsr-0\colno3\colw1640\par
d\li1613\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 { (c) Interval:}\par\col
umn\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ada Urutan}\par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {Ada Perbedaan}\par\column\pa
rd\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\pa
r\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
8\cf0\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs16\cf0\f0\charscalex100 {2}\par}