III, IV V

1. NH3
2. NH4Cl
3. CH3CSNH2

MnS, FeS, CoS, NiS, Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3, ZnS

IV-V

HNO3 4 M

1. NH3
2. NH4Cl
3. (NH4)2CO3

Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Al3+, Cr3+, Zn2+

NaOH, H2O2

CaCO3
[Al()4]-, Cr42-, [Zn()4]2-

MnO2, Fe(OH)3, Co(OH)3, Ni(OH)2

NaBiO3, 3

Fe3+

CH3COOH 4 M

Co2+

NH4SCN

MnO4

Ni2+

(NaF), . NH4SCN

[Co(SCN)n]

Al3+
(NaF), NH3

2-n

(NH4)2C2O4

Zn2+

CaC2O4

(CH3COO)2Pb

HNO3,
CH3COOH, H2O

Mg2+
NaOH,

1. C6H5N(C2H5)2
2. K3[Fe(CN)6]

Na+

Mg

Na+

NH4+

(CH3COO)2UO2
(CH3COO)2Zn

CrO42-

Al

[Fe(SCN)n]3-n

Ca2+

HNO3 4 M, H2O2,

Mn2+

CH3COOH 4 M

Mg2+

PbCrO4

Zn2[Fe(CN)6]

NaZn(UO2)3(CH3COO)9