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Flag Of Malacca
Army Of Malacca
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Malacca (Malay: Melaka), dubbed "The Historic State", is the third smallest
Malaysian state after Perlis and Penang. It is located in the southern
region of the Malay Peninsula, next to the Straits of Malacca. It borders
Negeri Sembilan to the north and Johor to the south. The capital is
Malacca City, which is 148 kilometres (92 miles) south east of Malaysia's
capital city Kuala Lumpur, 235 kilometres (146 miles) north west of Johor's
largest city Johor Bahru, and 95 km (59 miles) north west of Johor's second
largest city, Batu Pahat. This historical city centre has been listed as a
UNESCO World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008.
Although it was the location of one of the earliest Malay sultanates, the
local monarchy was abolished when the Portuguese conquered it in 1511.
The head of state is the Yang di-Pertua Negeri or Governor, rather than a
Sultan.
Before the arrival of the first Sultan, Malacca was a fishing village
inhabited by local Malays known as Orang Laut. Malacca was founded by
Parameswara, also known as Iskandar Shah or Sri Majara, the last Raja of
Singapura (present day Singapore) following a Majapahit attack in 1377.
He found his way to Malacca around 1400 where he found a good portit
was accessible in all seasons and on the strategically located narrowest
point of the Malacca Straits.
According to a popular legend, Parameswara was resting under a tree
near a river during a hunt, when one of his dogs cornered a mouse deer.
In self-defence, the mouse deer pushed the dog into the river. Impressed
by the courage of the deer, and taking it as a propitious omen of the weak
overcoming the powerful, Parameswara decided then and there to found
an empire on that very spot. He named it 'Melaka' after the tree where he
had just taken shelter at, the Melaka tree (Malay: Pokok Melaka).
Bendera Melaka
Lambang Tentera Melaka
Melaka (Melayu: Melaka), yang digelar "Negeri Sejarah", merupakan
negeri ketiga terkecil di Malaysia selepas Perlis dan Pulau Pinang. Ia
terletak di selatan Semenanjung Tanah Melayu, bersebelahan dengan
Selat Melaka. Ia bersempadan dengan Negeri Sembilan di utara dan Johor
di selatan. Modal ialah Bandar Melaka, yang merupakan 148 kilometer (92
batu) timur selatan ibu kota Kuala Lumpur Malaysia, 235 kilometer (146
batu) ke barat bandar terbesar di Johor Johor Bahru, dan 95 km (59 batu)
utara barat kedua Johor bandar terbesar, Batu Pahat. Pusat bandar
bersejarah telah disenaraikan sebagai Tapak Warisan Dunia UNESCO sejak
7 Julai 2008.
Walaupun ia adalah lokasi salah satu kesultanan Melayu yang paling awal,
yang beraja tempatan telah dimansuhkan apabila Portugis menaklukinya
pada tahun 1511. Ketua negara ialah Yang di-Pertua Negeri atau Gabenor,
bukannya Sultan.
Sebelum kedatangan Sultan pertama, Melaka adalah sebuah
perkampungan nelayan yang didiami oleh orang Melayu tempatan yang
dikenali sebagai Orang Laut. Melaka telah diasaskan oleh Parameswara,
juga dikenali sebagai Iskandar Shah atau Sri Majara, Raja terakhir
Singapura (Singapura) berikutan serangan Majapahit pada 1377. Beliau