Question 3: The reversible gas-phase decomposition of nitrogen tetroxide, N2O4, to nitrogen dioxide, NOz M0, [= 2NO» is to be carried out at constant temperature 340K and 2 atm (=2 bar). The feed consists of pure N2O,. The reaction is carried out in a constant volume batch reactor. The concentration equilibrium constant at 340 K is 0.1 mol/dm?*. @) Set up a stoichiometric table. What is the initial concentration of N04? hel gs be. 6 b) Calculate the equilibrium conversion of NOs. ® ke replace Cgvanadien, (45)VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SUBJECT: REACTOR TECHNOLOGY IV : SUBJECT CODE: EHTRN4A TEST PAPERd+ MARK 50 : DURATION: 1130 : DATE: 09/10/2006 Examiners: Peter Osifo QUESTION 1 25} The isothermal, isobaric gas-phase pyrolysis CoHy ———> GHy + He S Pure ethane enters the flow reactor at 6 atm and 1100 K. Set up a stoichoimetry table for the reaction, Calculate the initial concentration of ethane. What concentration of ethane is remaining if 90 % is consumed and what concentration of products are formed. Determine the plug flow reactor volume necessary to produce 40 tons/lay of the ethylene from cracking a feed stream of pure ethane, Assume —t4 = kCay take k=3.07/s. QUESTION 2 (25] Ethylene glycol is used for antifreeze and for the manufacture of polyesters. The reaction for the production of ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide by acid hydrolysis is: ZN HS04 CH,-OH \ Chh-Ck + #0 —» | 5? CH,-OH & << If it is desired to produce 1000 tons/day of ethylene giycol and the reactor is to be operated isothermally in a CSTR. If the reactant are fed in stoichiometric amount and Cao = 10 mol/dm’, Ifalso 80 % conversion is to be achieved,VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SUBJECT: REACTOR TECHNOLOGY IV : SUBJECT CODE: EHTRN4A, SICK TEST PAPER : MARK 30: DURATION: 0HS0_: DATEY02/11/2006 Examiners: Peter Osifo Ht Question 1 (13) The irreversible gas phase reaction: A}, 7 is carried out in a flow reactor. The specific rate constant at 6c is 10% mind and ol", Pure A enters the reactor at 9.5 atm and 133°C at a molar flow rate of 2.3 mol/min. The temperature and pressure can be assumed to the activated energy is 83 KI. bbe constant throughout the reaction. Calculate the reactor volume and space time to achieve 85% conversion in (a) CSTR (b) PFR (©) Calculate the necessary time to achieve 85% conversion in a constant volume batch reactor Question 2 [15] Ethylene is to be produced from ethane in three (3) CSTR connected in series. The feed consist of pure ethane enters the reactor at 1000K and 6 atm. The production of ethylene is estimated to be LL million kg of ethylene per annum according tothe poe following reaction: AO Cee t Hae Hee) (a) Calculate the intermediate conversion and the volume of the three identical CSTRs ~ required to achieve a final conversion.of 80% ‘The reaction rate constant is k= 0.072/s and the motar mass of ethylene is 28 g/mol G Tow?Oo VAAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNLOGY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SUBJECT: REACTOR TECHNOLOGY IV: SUBJECT CODE: EHTRN4A TEST PAPER 3: MARK 50 : DURATION: 1H40_ : DATE: 26/10/2006 Examiners: Peter Osifo QUESTION 1 (2) If youare to use an integral method of analysis to test 2 set of data, describe briefly the procedures you will follow to show if the following reaction is AOB i) A first order ii) A second order (10) (b) The irreversible isomerization ASB was carried out in a batch reactor and the following concentration-time data were obtained t (nin) 0 20 40 60 80 ‘a nol) [0.2 0.066 0.05 0.04 Determine the reaction order, «, and the specific reaction rate, ka using an integral methods of analysis (15) QUESTION 2 The irreversible liquid-phase reaction A>B+C is camied put in a batch reactor. The following data were collected during the course of the reaction: t (min) | 0.0 2.0 4.0 60 Ca (mol/dm?) | 2.00 131 0.95 0.73 Determine the order of reaction and the specific reaction rate using methods to differentiate your daia (a) Numerical technique-differentiation formulas ~~ (b) Graphical technique-equial area differentiation (25)i) PAPER sie Themenss Tutorial UF 1. Setup a stoichiometric table for each ofthe following reactions and express the concentration ofeach species in the reaction as a function ofconversien evaluating all constants (e.g, @,e). (a) The liquid-phase reaction H,COCHs+H,0—(CH;-OH) ©) The isothermal, isobaric gas phase pyrolysis. Pure ethane enters the flow reactor at 6 atm and 1100 K. 2. For cach ofthe following reactions and rate laws at low temperatures, suggest 4 rate law ot high temperatures. The reactions are highly exothermic ead therefore reversible at high temperatures, s (a) The reaction 4 > B is irreversible at low temperatures, anid the rate law is —r, = KC, @) The reaction 4 +2B -» 2D is irreversible at low temperatures and the rate law is —r, = kC*C, (©) The catalytic reaction +B + C+D is irreversible at low KBP, 14K ,P,+K,P, temperatures and the rate law is —r' = 3. Calculate the equilibrium conversion and concentrations for cach ofthe following reactions. (@) The liquid-phase reaction 4+B <> Cwith Cyg = Cao = 2mol/ dm? and K, =10dm? Imol. ©) The gas-phase reaction <> 3C carried out in a flow reactor with no Rressure drop, Pure A enters ata temperature of 400 K and 10 aim. At this temperature, K, = 0.25 dm’/mol?, (©) The gas-phase reaction in part (b) cantied out in a constant batch reaction. (© The gas-phase reaction in part (b) carried out in a constant-pressure batch reaction.Be are US C1 +X) = Cy (1X) PX = Cy —_— FX pe rae he = | Roe OU) 2 A.K Q Bt mink ook : © fe Oph > 2 | a o A=>R 5 em ~Va~ Ae, Kes Cae © wm, -Yyro 17 Re whem epn, Ae ; oo© Nive = tL =a je et 400 (o.6 82) | = Sate | = ce = e-soe(imo-s® \ oe 3 (42(0.58) 1~7 [3 Co = St0-s8y 04-205) [+26.s@) ‘ O = 224 ¢ aca ELF | Od as, te Aen f IC ten oh oe hms Aadeh, waste or = Ney Nae (IY = Coo (ID SE Zl X bine to ean fo Yo Re Ce -K) = BC, Xe) ie =o34Coe 2 @-BS¥I- 0-39) = OLS c. e. eS%Xo ae oab ae Been Sa Yes “A0G-G | “ R c tsa €-= Ye 5 Toya bee a G=° Peay 9 ac. 5) ~ eset ee [0-305 -$5). ao ot4b —ef/) > CP #RGo- 8)