+ Truyn dn a m, lp vt l tc cao L1

+ Yu cu lp t ng lai H-ARQ.
Trong gii php HSDPA, thit b sp xp gi tin s c chuyn t b iu khin
mng v tuyn RNC ti Node-B nhm gip ngi s dng d dng truy nhp vo cc
chc nng thng k giao din v tuyn. K thut sp xp gi tin tin tin s gip iu
chnh c tc d liu ngi s dng sao cho thch hp vi cc iu kin knh v
tuyn tc thi.
Trong qu trnh kt ni, thit b ngi s dng (UE) s nh k gi mt ch
th cht lng knh CQI ti Node-B cho bit tc d liu no (bao gm k thut
iu ch v m ho, s lng cc m s dng) m thit b ny c th h tr khi
di cc iu kin v tuyn hin thi. ng thi, UE gi mt bo nhn
(Ack/Nack) ng vi mi gi gip node-B bit c thi im lp li qu trnh
truyn d liu. Cng vi chc nng thng k cht lng knh tng ng cho tng
UE trong mt cell, Thit b sp xp gi tin s thc hin sp xp cc gi ca cc
UE mt cch cng bng .
Vn chng ta cn quan tm l cht lng knh ng truyn ca mi
ngi s dng c lp v cch xc nh n. V d nh: t l cng sut k hiu
trn tp nhiu ( t s Es/No), cht lng b tch UE. Nt B c th c lng tc
d liu c h tr cho mi UE bng cch gim st cc lnh iu khin cng
sut pht theo chu k mt gi tr ch th cht lng knh (CQI Channel Quality
Indicator) c th ca HSDPA trn knh iu khin vt l dnh ring tc cao
( HS-DPCCH) ng ln, knh ny cng mang c thng tin bo hiu chp nhn /

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khng chp nhn (Ask / Nask) dng gi da trn L1 cho mi knh lin kt.
Khi c tnh c cht lng knh, h thng chia s ti nguyn m v cng
sut HS-DSCH gia nhng ngi s dng khc nhau.
Lp iu khin truy nhp mi trng ( MAC Medium Access Control)
c t ti nt B, do cho php truy nhp nhanh hn ti cc gi tr o lng
tuyn kt ni, lp lch gi hiu qu hn v nhanh hn, cng nh c th kim
sot cht lng QoS cht ch hn. So snh vi k thut DMA truyn thng,
knh HS-DSCH khng thc hin vi iu kin cng sut pht nhanh v h s
tri ph c nh. Bng cch s dng k thut m ho Turbo tc thay i,
iu ch 16 QAM, cng nh hot ng a m m rng, knh HS- DSCH h tr
tc d liu nh t 120 Kbps ti hn 10Mbps. Qu trnh iu ch v m ho
thch ng c bn c mt di ng khong 20dB, v c m rng hn na s
a m kh dng.
Bng 3: Tc d liu nh ca HSDPA trong mt s trng hp
Tc d liu

Tc d liu

Tc d liu

(1 m )

(5 m)

(15 m)

QPSK, t l m ho 1/2

120 kpbs

600 kbps

1.8 Mbps

QPSK, t l m ho 3/4

240 kpbs

1.2 Mbps

3.6 Mbps

16 QAM, t l m ho 1/2

360 kpbs

1.8 Mbps

5.3 Mbps

QAM, t l m ho 1/2

480 kpbs

2.4 Mbps

7.2 Mbps

TFRC

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QPSK, t l m ho 3/4

720 kpbs

3.6 Mbps

10.7 Mbps

T bng 3 ta c th phn no hnh dung c kt ni gia mt khun dng

truyn ti v kt ni ti nguyn (TFRC) c th v tc d liu nh tng ng.
2.4 Cu trc HSDPA
2.4.1 M hnh giao thc HSDPA

Hnh 13: Kin trc giao din v tuyn ca knh truyn ti HS-DSCH
Trong cu trc HSDPA, thit b sp xp gi tin s c chuyn t b iu khin
mng v tuyn RNC ti Node-B nhm gip ngi s dng d dng truy nhp vo cc
chc nng thng k giao din v tuyn. K thut sp xp gi tin tin tin s gip iu
chnh c tc d liu ngi s dng sao cho thch hp vi cc iu kin knh v
tuyn tc thi.
Nu nh tt c cc knh truyn ti theo kin trc R99, chng u chm dt ti
RNC th knh HS-DSCH li chm dt ngay ti Node B nhm mc ch iu khin
knh HS-DSCH, lp MAC-hs (lp iu khin truy cp trung gian tc cao), s iu

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khin cc ti nguyn ca knh ny v nm ngay ti Node B. Do , cho php nhn cc

bn tin v cht lng knh hin thi c th tip tc theo di gim st cht lng
knh hin thi c th lin tc theo di gim st cht lng tn hiu cho thu bao tc
thp. V tr ny ca MAC-hs ti Node B cng cho php kch hot giao thc HARQ
t lp vt l, n gip cho cc qu trnh pht li din ra nhanh hn.

Hnh 14: Cu trc lp MAC hs

c bit hn, lp MAC hs chu trch nhim qun l chc nng HARQ cho mi
user, phn phi ti nguyn HS-DSCH gia tt c cc MAC-d theo s u tin ca
chng ( v d nh lp lch gi), v la chn khun dng truyn ti thch hp cho mi
TTI (v d nh thch ng lin kt). Cc lp giao din v tuyn nm trn MAC khng
thay i so vi kin trc R99 bi v HSDPA ch tp trung vo vic ci tin truyn ti
ca cc knh logic.
Lp MAC-hs cng lu gi d liu ca user c pht qua giao din v tuyn,
iu to ra mt s thch thc i vi vic ti u ha dung lng b nh m ca
Node B.
Trong qu trnh kt ni, thit b ngi s dng (UE) s nh k gi mt ch th
cht lng knh CQI ti Node-B cho bit tc d liu no (bao gm k thut iu

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ch v m ho, s lng cc m s dng) m thit b ny c th h tr khi di

cc iu kin v tuyn hin thi. ng thi, UE gi mt bo nhn (Ack/Nack) ng vi
mi gi gip node-B bit c thi im lp li qu trnh truyn d liu. Cng vi
chc nng thng k cht lng knh tng ng cho tng UE trong mt cell, Thit b
sp xp gi tin s thc hin sp xp cc gi ca cc UE mt cch cng bng .
2.4.2

Cu trc knh

Hnh 15: Giao din v tuyn ca HSDPA

Ti nguyn chung ca ngi s dng trong t bo bao gm cc b m knh
v cng sut pht. Khi nim HSDPA c gii thiu bao gm mt s knh vt l
thm vo:
- Knh vt l chia s ng xung tc cao HS-PDSCH (High Speed Physical
Downlink Shared Channel)
- Knh iu khin vt l HS-DPCCH (HS-Physical Control Channel).

2.4.2.1

Knh vt l chia s ng xung tc cao: HS-PDSCH

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Trong knh ny thi gian v m ho c chia s gia nhng ngi s dng gn

lin vi Node-B. y l c cu truyn ti cho cc knh logic c thm vo:
+ Knh chia s ng xung tc cao HS-DSCH (HS-Downlink Shared Channel)
+ Knh iu khin chia s tc cao HS-SCCH (HS-Shared Control Channel).
Nhng ti nguyn m ho HS-DSCH gm c mt hoc nhiu b m nh hng
vi h s phn b c nh SF 16. Phn ln 15 b m ny c th phn b cho nhng
yu cu v truyn dn d liu v iu khin. Cc ti nguyn m ho sn sng c
chia s ch yu trong min thi gian nhng n c th chia s ti nguyn m ho bng
cch dng m ho a thnh phn. Khi c thi gian v b m c chia s, t hai n
bn ngi s dng c th chia s ti nguyn m ho trong cng mt TTI.

Hnh 16: Thi gian v b m c chia s trong HS-DSCH

c tnh quan trng ca knh HS-DSCH l tnh linh ng ca ngun c chia
s trong khong thi gian rt ngn 2ms.Khi d liu ngi dng c t trn knh
HS-DSCH, chng lin tc c gi i trong khe thi gian 2ms .

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Ngc li, vi phin bn R99 ca WCDMA cn c thm khong DTX - khong

truyn gin on nm trn khe DPDCH, n c tc dng lc nhiu trn ng truyn
nhng khng th t c tc ln nht. V R99 ra i vi mc tiu chnh l tng
dung lng h thng cho cc dch v thoi so vi h thng 2G (GSM) m thi ch
cha s t c nhng yu cu v k vng i dch v s liu v tc h tr d liu
cn thp (khong 384 kbps). i vi dch v thoi th chng ta bit, ngun ti
nguyn (m, cng sut, nhiu) yu cu truyn dn dch v ny l khng thay i (do
tc truyn dn l khng thay i) do iu khin cng sut thc s hiu qu v n
gim nhiu MAI lm cho dung lng knh thoi m h thng c th p ng trn mt
n v ti nguyn v tuyn tng ln.
Tuy vy khi trin khai cc dch v s liu ( File Transfer, Internet Access, Email,) chng ta thy rng c th ca nhng dch v ny l yu cu ngun ti
nguyn rt ln v trong khong mt thi gian ngn. V d nh nu truy nhp vo mt
trang web no th cng mt lc ni dung vn bn v hnh nh ca website cn
truyn n my u cui trong mt khong nht nh. Sau khi ni dung trang web
download v my u cui th thng thng ngi s dng s xem ni dung v khng
truy nhp ti nguyn h thng na. Nhng dch v m yu cu ngun ti nguyn ln
v trong khong thi gian ngn nh vy trong k thut ngi ta gi chung mt tn l
bursty data service.
Vi knh HS-DSCH trong HSDPA th ngi ta cp pht 15 m tri ph vi h s
tri 16 dng chung gia cc my trong cng mt sector. Cc my c cp pht ti
nguyn trong tng khong thi gian nht nh (TDM). B scheduler s cp pht ti

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nguyn: bao nhiu m tri ph, cng sut l bao nhiu ph thuc vo yu cu dch v,
trng thi knh ca user .

Hnh 17: Trng thi knh ca cc user

Nh hnh v trn, ti khong thi gian u tin User 1 c trng thi knh tt nn
b scheduler a ra quyt nh cp pht ti nguyn cho User ny. Khi quyt nh
cp pht ti nguyn cho User 1 ny k thut thch ng cng c p dng. Nu trng
thi knh ca User lc ny tt v nhu cu v tc truyn dn ln th my pht c th
dng iu ch 16-QAM hoc m knh vi t l m ln truyn tc ln hn. n
khong thi gian th 2, User 2 s c cp pht truyn dn v User 2 c trng thi
knh tt hn nh trn hnh v. Bng vic cp pht ti nguyn ng, kt hp vi k
thut thch ng (ACM) chng ta c th thy rng knh truyn dn chung lun c cht
lng knh mc tt c th hin ng nt t trn hnh v.

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