yc

da

TRNG C NGH K THUT CNG NGHTP. HCM

TRUNG TM O TO V GIA CNG CNC

@
nc

Website: http://daycnc.edu.vn
Email: daycnc@gmail.com

a
gm

om

il.c

BI GING
GIA CNG TRN MY PHAY CNC

u.v

.ed
nc

yc

/da
p:/
htt
(lu hnh ni b)

5/8/2015

yc
da

TRNG CN K THUT CNG NGH TP. HCM KHOA C KH CH TO

NI DUNG

@
nc

Bi 1: H TA

BI GING

Bi 2: IM CHUN

GIA CNG TRN MY PHAY CNC

Bi 3: CU TRC CHNG TRNH CNC

Bi 4: LP TRNH PHAY CNC
Bi 5: B DAO; GC TA CHI TIT

a
gm

Bi 6: IU KHIN MY PHAY CNC

BIN SON: ThS. V TH MNH

Bi 7: CHU TRNH GIA CNG

Bi 8: CHNG TRNH CON

TRUNG TM CNC MIMI

om

il.c
Bi 1: H TA
1. H TA CC TUYT I

H TA CC TUYT I 3D

(5,6)

P1

P3
C (-6,0)

P1: X30. Y20. Z0.

P2: X30. Y0. Z-10.
P3: X30. Y20. Z-10.

/da
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htt

B (-4,-3)

P2

2. H TA CC TNG I
Y

yc

BI TP THC HNH S 1A

.ed
nc

B (3,4)
(So vi A)

u.v
1

5/8/2015

yc
da

2. H TA CC TNG I

3. H TA CC TUYT I
Y

@
nc

A c ta cc L;

L
-2

C (3,-2)
(So vi B)

a
gm

L: Bn knh cc
: Gc cc (tnh t trc honh)
+Chiu dng: ngc chiu KH
+Chiu m: thun chiu KH

om

il.c
3. H TA CC TUYT I
V d
Y
B c ta cc 50;1300

3. H TA CC TUYT I
V d
Y

130o
50

X
45o

/da
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htt

60

4. H TA CC TNG I
Y

5. H TRC TA TRN MY CNC

B c ta cc 55;200
Tng i so vi A

200

u.v

.ed
nc

55

C c ta cc 60;-450

yc

5/8/2015

yc
da

QUY TC BN TAY PHI

+Y

X-

-Y

X+

YZ-

-X
+X
+Z

-Z

om

il.c

a
gm

@
nc

Z+ Y+

BI TP THC HNH S 1B

BI 2: IM CHUN
(Machine point)
M

Machine point:
Chun my

(Reference point)
R

Reference point:
Chun quy chiu

Work point
Chun chi tit
W

Do ngi thit k chi tit quy nh

Program point:
Chun tho chng
(chun lp trnh)

.ed
nc

yc

/da
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htt

Do nh sn xut quy nh

Do ngi lp trnh quy nh

Nn trng vi chun chi tit

u.v
3

5/8/2015

yc
da

Cu trc cu lnh (block)

BI 3: CU TRC CHNG TRNH CNC

@
nc
u chng trnh

%
O0001;
(comment)
M30
%

Tn chng trnh

G.

X.

S TH T
CU LNH

Y.

A CH

Cui chng trnh

T ;

TC
TRC
CHNH

LNH
CHUN B

(Ghi ch)

DNG
C
CT

LNH PH
TR

a
gm

Ni
dung
chng
trnh

N..

END OF BLOCK
(Kt thc cu lnh)

EOB

om

il.c
Tn chng trnh

Cu trc t lnh
V d

a ch

S CHNG
TRNH
(t 0000 n 9999)

K T BT
BUC

21

S th t cu lnh trong chng trnh

T 00001 n 99999

Lu : i vi ngi mi hc nn t s th t cu
lnh ngt qung
V d: N5
N10
N15

M00: Tm dng chng trnh

M02: Kt thc chng trnh
M30: Kt thc chng trnh v tr v u chng trnh
M03: Trc chnh quay thun
M04: Trc chnh quay nghch
M05: Dng trc chnh
M06: Thay dao t ng
M08: M ti ngui
M09: tt ti ngui
M19: Kha trc chnh

u.v

.ed
nc

K T BT
BUC

Cc chc nng ph tr

yc

/da
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htt

V D: O2253
O12 = O12

5/8/2015

yc
da

BI 4: LP TRNH PHAY CNC

Cc lnh chun b trc khi ct gt

@
nc

4.1. Lp trnh theo to tng i v tuyt i:

Tuyt i

Tng i

G90 G91

om

il.c

a
gm

-Dao (T)
-Tc trc chnh (S) v chiu quay
-Gc chi tit (G54 G59)
-Chiu di dao (H)
-n v o (G21mt, G20inch)
- Mt phng gia cng (G17 (X,Y); G18 (X,Z); G19 (Y,Z)
-Chc nng ph (M)
-Lp trnh tuyt i, tng i (G90 hoc G91)
-B tr bn knh (G41, G42)

4.2. Lp trnh trong h ta cc, ta cc

H ta
cc

4.3. Khai bo h thng o

H ta
Cc
H Inch

G15 G16

4.2. Lnh chy dao nhanh khng ct gt: G00

G20 G21

/da
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htt

X: Bn knh cc
Y: Gc cc

H Mt (mm)

V D:

yc
B

G00

o
theo
to
tuyt
i
hoc
tng
i

X ___ Y___ Z___ ;

To

ca
im
ch

V tr ban u

.ed
nc

Lnh
chy
dao
nhanh
khng
ct gt

G90(G91)

T v tr ban u
G90 G00 X20. Y40. (n B)
X30. Y20. (n C)
Y-20. (n D)

u.v
5

5/8/2015

yc
da

V D:

GHI CH:

@
nc

Nu cu lnh sau tip tc s dng lnh G ca cu lnh trc

th khng cn nhp lnh G na

T v tr ban u
G91 G00 X40. Y30. (n B)
X10. Y-20. (n C)
Y-40. (n D)

Nu mt trong nhng ta X,Y,Z ch n Trng ta vi

im hin ti th khng cn nhp ta ch na

V tr ban u

a
gm

T v tr ban u
G90 G00 X20. Y40. (n B)
G90 G00 X30. Y20. (n C)
X30. Y-20. (n D)

om

il.c
4.3. Lnh ni suy ng thng: G01
Cu trc cu lnh

G01
Lnh
ni suy
ng
thng

X ___ Y___ Z___ F___;

To

ca
im
ch

Bc tin
dao

BI TP THC HNH
S 1A, 1B

mm/pht

1. Ct cung trn theo bn knh R

Cu trc cu lnh
G02
G03

yc

G02: ct gt cung trn theo hng cng chiu kim ng h.

G03: ct gt cung trn theo hng ngc chiu kim ng h.

/da
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Lnh ct gt cung trn: G02; G03

(Ni suy cung trn)

X____Y____R ____F____;

.ed
nc

Lnh ni
suy cung
trn

To
im
ch

Bn knh
cung trn

Cung trn s c ni suy t im hin ti

n im ch theo bn knh R

u.v
6

5/8/2015

yc
da

G02

V d

X____Y____R ____F____;

G03

@
nc

G02 X40 Y20 R30

B

X40 Y20

Dao s di chuyn
nh th no?

a
gm

R<0, ni suy cung trn c gc chn cung1800

R>0, ni suy cung trn c gc chn cung <1800

om

il.c
V d

G02 X40. Y50. R-40. F200

G02

2. Ct cung trn theo ta tm

Cu trc cu lnh
G02

>1800

G03

<1800 R40

R40
A

G02 X38. Y70. I35. J12. F200

I,J l ta ca tm cung trn so vi

im u cung trn (I theo X; J theo Y)

35

u.v

.ed
nc

BI TP
THC HNH S 2

12

Ta
tm cung
trn

yc

To
im
ch

/da
p:/
htt

G02 X40. Y50. R40. F200

Lnh ni
suy cung
trn

X____Y____I____J ____F____;

5/8/2015

yc
da

3. Ni suy ng trn

3.2 Ni suy ng trn theo ta tm

3.1 Ni suy ng trn theo bn knh R

@
nc

G02
XY IJ
G03

G02
XY R
G03

om

il.c

a
gm
I0 J-30

I30 J0

I-30 J0

G02 I30. J0.

u.v

.ed
nc

yc

BI TP
THC HNH S 3

/da
p:/
htt

I0 J30

G02 J-30.

5/8/2015

yc
da

Bi 5: IU KHIN MY PHAY CNC

5.1 Bng iu khin

@
nc

BI GING

GIA CNG
TRN MY PHAY CNC

a
gm

Bin son: ThS. V TH MNH

Mn hnh

Nt mm

ALTER: thay th

POS (position): V tr
PROG (Programe):
Chng trnh
OFFSET SETTING: B
dao, gc ta gia
cng
INSERT: chn vo

RESET: Dng ton b hot

dng ca my

yc

CAN (cancel): Hy

Bn phm
nhp liu

Bn phm nhp liu

/da
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htt

Bng vn
hnh

om

il.c
Cu trc bng iu khin

DELETE: Xa

INPUT: Nhp liu

u.v

.ed
nc

SHIFT: Kch hot b g ch

nh pha di

5/8/2015

yc
da

5.2 Bng vn hnh, iu khin

@
nc

FEEDRATE OVERRIDE

om

il.c

a
gm

- % Lng chy dao ch auto

- Lng chy dao ch iu
khin th cng (JOG)

RAPID OVERRIDE
% Tc chy khng

Spindle override
% Tc quay trc chnh

.ed
nc

La chn ch iu khin

yc

/da
p:/
htt
MODE

Auto hoc Memory

Ch chy chng trnh t ng

u.v
2

5/8/2015

yc
da
@
nc

Edit hoc Editor

Ch chy chng trnh t

my tnh

om

il.c

a
gm

Ch son tho, chnh sa

chng trnh

DNC/TAPE
(Direct Numerical Control)

MDI

MPG hoc HANDLE

(Manual Data Input)

Ch chy th, chy test

Ch iu khin bng tay quay

.ed
nc

yc

/da
p:/
htt
JOG

RAPID hoc RPD

Ch iu khin ct gt th cng

Ch iu khin chy khng

(chy nhanh) th cng

u.v
3

5/8/2015

yc
da

5.3. To mt chng trnh mi

@
nc

EDIT
PROG

ZERO hoc REF

Tn chng trnh

a
gm

Ch rt dao v im chun R

INSERT

om

il.c
5.4. Xa mt chng trnh

CH

EDIT

Tn chng trnh khng c trng vi

tn bt k chng trnh no c
Khng chn ;(EOB) khi khi to chng
trnh

PROG
Tn chng trnh

/da
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Delete

BI 6:
XC NH GC TA GIA CNGCHI TIT
V B DAO

yc

BI TP THC HNH
S 2

6.1 Gc ta gia cng chi tit:

G54; G55; G56; G57; G58; G59
Y

.ed
nc

G54

G57

u.v

G58

5/8/2015

yc
da

SET (ci t) gc ta gia cng chi tit:

@
nc

Khai bo v tr tng quan ca tm trc chnh

(tm dao) so vi gc gia cng chi tit

V d:
Set: X

50

a
gm
a

Chn gc G57
Nhp X-50. / Measur

Offset setting/Work/Chn G54 59

Nhp X -a (Y -b ) Measur

om

il.c
THC HNH
SET GC GIA CNG

30

Set Y

6.2 B chiu di dao (khai bo chiu di dao)

Cu trc cu lnh
G43
G44

G00
G01

Z______H______;

yc

Chi tit gia cng c th phi dng nhiu dao c

chiu di khc nhau. Mi ln i giao gia cng,
cn khai bo chiu di dao.

/da
p:/
htt

Chn gc G57
Nhp Y-30. / Measur

To
im
ch

a ch lu
gi tr chiu
di dao

.ed
nc

Lnh b Lnh di
chiu di chuyn
dao

G43: b chiu di dng

G44: B chiu di m

Hy b chiu di: G49

u.v
5

5/8/2015

yc
da

Nhp chiu di dao vo a ch b dao

Offset setting/offset/GEOM(H)

Gi tr chiu di dao
(khi dao chm mt chun chi tit)
POS/ALL/(MACHINE)/Z

@
nc
a
ch

a
gm

Gi tr
chiu
di dao

a ch H5 nh dao c chiu di 20
a ch H6 nh dao c chiu di 30

om

il.c
6.3 B bn knh dao

Cu trc cu lnh
G41

G00
G01

G42

Lnh b
bn knh
dao

X____Y____D____;

Lnh di
chuyn
dao

To
im
ch

a ch lu
tr bn
knh dao

/da
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htt

Hy b bn knh: G40

6.3.1. B dao bn tri ng gia cng: G41

G41 G1 X0.Y0. D1 F200;

6.3.2. B dao bn phi ng gia cng: G42

G42 G1 X0.Y0. D1 F200;

u.v

.ed
nc

yc
6

5/8/2015

yc
da

Nhp bn knh dao vo a ch b dao

Offset setting/offset/GEOM(D)

@
nc

6.4 .1 Xc nh mt phng gia cng

Z

a
gm

a ch
b bn
knh
dao

6.4 Mt s lnh b tr

a ch D1 nh dao 10 (R5)
a ch D2 nh dao 20 (R10)

om

il.c
6.4 .2 Tr v im chun R thng qua 1 im
G28 X____Y____Z____

R
A (X,Y,Z)

7.2 Cc thng s ca chu trnh

X, Y: ta im gia cng
Z: Chiu su gia cng
R: Cao an ton (im bt u gia cng)
Q: Chiu su mi lt ct
P: Thi gian dng li y l

u.v

.ed
nc

yc

G99: tr v im R

/da
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Bi 7: CHU TRNH GIA CNG

7.1 Mt phng li dao sau gia cng
G98: tr v im ban u

BI TP THC HNH
S 3, 4, 5

Ch :
Nn rt thng v
im chun R bng
cch s dng ta
tng i
G91 G28 X0. Y0. Z0.

5/8/2015

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da

7.3 Chu trnh khoan l su b phoi nhanh G73

G73 X___Y___Z____Q____R____

@
nc

G73 (G98)

G73 (G99)

om

il.c

a
gm
7.4 Chu trnh khoan l khng b phoi G81
G81 X___Y___Z____R

G81 (G98)

G81 (G99)

G83 (G99)

u.v

.ed
nc

yc

G83 (G98)

/da
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7.5 Chu trnh khoan l su thot phoi G83

G83 X___Y___Z____R____Q

5/8/2015

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da

7.6 V d

om

il.c

a
gm

@
nc
7.7 Chu trnh taro ren phi G84
Taro ren tri G74

Bc tin: F (G94 mm/pht)

G84 (G74) X___Y___Z____Q____R____F____

/da
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F=SxP

i vi ren nhiu u mi: P l bc xon

Bc tin: F (G95 mm/vng)

.ed
nc

yc

V d:
T1M6 (T1: taro M10, bc 1.5)
S200M3
.
G84 Z-25. R2. Q5. F300
G80

F= P

u.v
9

5/8/2015

yc
da

@
nc

V d:
T1M6 (T1: taro M10, bc 1.5)
S200M3
.
G95 G84 Z-25. R2. Q5. F300
G80 G94

BI TP THC HNH
S 6, 7, 8

om

il.c

a
gm
BI 8Ni dung bi hc
CHNG TRNH CON
I. KHI NIM

II. CU TRC CU LNH

GI CHNG TRNH CON

III. H TA
TRONG CHNG TRNH CON

I. KHI NIM

Chng trnh con l mt chng trnh

ring bit khng thuc chng trnh
chnh, c iu khin bi chng trnh
chnh. Mc ch ca chng trnh con l
lp li nhiu ln phn bin dng ging
nhau ca chi tit.

I. KHI NIM

/da
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Mt chng trnh con cng bt u bng

ch ci O nhng kt thc bng M99.

IV. BI TP NG DNG

yc

O1212

I. KHI NIM

M30

u.v

.ed
nc

Chng trnh
con O1313

O1313

M99

10

5/8/2015

yc
da

I. KHI NIM

2. CU TRC CU LNH
GI CHNG TRNH CON

@
nc

Cch 1:

M98 P L..

U IM CA VIC S DNG CHNG TRNH CON

Tn (s)chng trnh con

Gim chiu di chng trnh

S ln lp

Gim li sai trong chng trnh

V d:

Gim thi gian v cng sc lp trnh

M98 P1234 L2

Chnh sa d dng v nhanh chng

Lp li 2
ln
Ch : Nu lp li 1
ln th khng cn
ghi L1

om

il.c

a
gm

%
O1234;
.
.
.
M99

2. CU TRC CU LNH
GI CHNG TRNH CON

Cch 2:

M98 Pxxaaaa
S ln lp

V d:

Tn (s)chng trnh con

Nu tn chng trnh con khng 4

s th thm s 0 ng trc cho

M98 P21234
Lp li 2
ln

V d: M98 P30024 >

(gi chng trnh con O24

Chng trnh

O200;

con

O1234;

M98 P1234 L2;

.....................;

.....................;
.....................;
.....................;

.....................;
.....................;

M30;
%

M99;

a) S DNG H TA TUYT I

G54

%
O3333;
.;
.;

.ed
nc

3. H TA
TRONG CHNG TRNH CON

yc

3 ln)

/da
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htt

%
O1234;
.
.
.
M99

2. CU TRC CU LNH
GI CHNG TRNH CON

Chng trnh .....................;

.....................;
chnh

Ch :
Nu lp li 1 ln th khng cn ghi s
ln lp

G90 G54 G00 X-15. Y0.

M98 P2222 L2;

u.v

.;
.;
M30;
%

%
O2222;
G1Z-2. F200;
G02 I15.
G1Z2.
M99
%

11

5/8/2015

yc
da

3. H TA
TRONG CHNG TRNH CON

@
nc

a) S DNG H TA TUYT I

%
O3333;
.;
.;

a) S DNG H TA TNG I

G55

G54

G54
%
O3333;
.;
.;

G90 G54 G00 X-15. Y0.

M98 P2222;
G90 G55 G00 X-15. Y0.
M98 P2222;

%
O2222;
G1Z-2. F200;
G02 I15.
G1Z2.
M99
%

%
O2222;
G91 G1Z-5. F100;
G02 I15. F300
G1Z5.
G00X90.
M99
%

G90 G54 G00 X-15. Y0.

M98 P2222 L2;
.;
.;
M30;
%

om

il.c

a
gm

.;
.;
M30;
%

3. H TA
TRONG CHNG TRNH CON

IV. BI TP NG DNG

Z1.
M98 P30002

%
O0101;
G91 G1Z-1. F200;
G02 I15.
M99

O2525
G91G1Z-1.F50
G02I-30.F300
M99

u.v

.ed
nc

yc

O2525
G91G1Z-1.F50
G02I-30.F300
M99

%
O2233;
.;
G00 X5. Y10. (tm l);
Z5.;
G1Z0.F200;
G42 D1 X-10. F500;
M98 P0101 L4;
G40 G90 G0 X5. Y10.
.;
.;
M30;

/da
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htt

%
O2;
G91G1 Z-3. F50;
X30.;
Y20.;
X-30.;
Y-20.;
Z3.
G00 X60.
M99
%

V d: Chng trnh con gia cng l 30, su 4

12

5/8/2015

yc
da

V d: gia cng tinh 6 hc s dng dao andmill 10

om

il.c

a
gm

@
nc
O3232 (-- CHUONG TRINH GC 6 HOC --)
G00 G17 G21 G40 G49 G80 G90
G91 G28 Z0.
(-- ENDMILL 10 --)
T1 M06
G00 G17 G90 G54 X40. Y35.
S2500 M03
G43 H1 Z5 M08
(-- START MOTION --)
M98 P3233 L3
(-- END MOTION --)
M09
M05
G91 G28 Z0.
G28 X0. Y0.
G90
M30

O3233
G91 G1 Z-10.F100
X-15. F1000
Y10.
X30.
Y-20.
X-30.
Y15.
X15. Y-5.
G00 Z10.
X60.
M99

BI TP THC HNH
S 9, 10, 11, 12

u.v

.ed
nc

yc

/da
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13