Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 Introduction:
Bank is a financial intermediary whose prime function is to move scarce
resources in the form of credit from savers to those who borrow for
consumption and investment. The word credit is derived from the Latin word
credere, which means to trust. The fundamental nature of credit is that an
element of trust exists between buyer and seller-whether of goods or money.
In a modern industrial society Banks are uniquely important because of their
ability to create money. Lending comprises a very large portion of a Banks
total assets and forms the backbone of the Bank and interest on lending
constitutes the highest proportion of income of a Bank. As such credit quality
remains the prime indicator of its commercial success. Unsound credit
reduces the ability of a Bank to provide credit towards profitable borrowers
and undermine liquidity and solvency. Therefore lending is very important for
the profitability and success of a Bank.
This report on Credit Management of NCC Bank Limited -A case study on
National Credit and Commerce Bank Limited (NCCBL), Anderkilla Branch is a
collaborated representation of the internship program at which is a partial
requirement of the Master of Business Administration (MBA) Program of
International Islamic University Chittagong. The Purpose of the report is to
contemplate the knowledge and experience accumulated from the internship
program. Modern banks play an important part in promoting economic
development of a country. Banks provide necessary funds for executing
various programs of economic development. They collect savings of large
masses of people scattered throughout the country, which in the absence of
banks would have remained idle and unproductive. These scattered amounts
are collected, pooled together and made available to commerce and industry
for meeting the requirements. Economy of Bangladesh is developing
economies. One of the reasons may be its underdeveloped banking system.
So Government as well as different international organizations have also
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1.3 Methodology:
The methodology of this report is totally different from conventional reports. I
have emphasized on the practical observation. Almost the entire report
consists of my practical observation. While preparing the report, I have taken
information from the following sources:
Primary sources of data
Practical Deskwork
Conversation with the bank
personnel.
Face to face conversation with
the clients.
report
of
NCC
Bank
Limited.
Credit manual of NCC Bank Ltd.
Various
books,
articles,
compilation etc
Various documents from the
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Branch
Website of NCC Bank Limited
1.4 Scope:
This study is based on theoretical and practical analysis. However the scope
of the study is confined within the region of Anderkilla Branch, Chittagong.
The study will focus on the following areas ---
1.5 Limitations:
In the bank I attained some limitations though I tried my level best to make the
report more informative & representative:
2.1 History:
National Credit and Commerce Bank Ltd. is as a private bank in Bangladesh.
It is facilitating real time online banking connecting all 87 branches
nationwide. Like other banks it is also practicing liability & investment
management.
The National Credit and Commerce bank Ltd. registered in 1993 under the
Companies Act 1913. This bank came into existence as an investment
company named National Credit Ltd. on 25/11/1985. The aim of the company
was to initiative taken by the members of the Board of directors and with the
permission of the central Bank, it was converted in to fully fledged private
commercial bank in the name of National Credit and Commerce Bank Ltd. on
17/05/1993 with paid up capital of Tk. 39.00 crore and authorized capital of
Tk.75 crore which opened the way to serve the nation from a broader
platform. It carries out all banking activities through 87 branches in
Bangladesh. The bank is listed with Dhaka Stock Exchange Limited and
Chittagong Stock Exchange Limited since the year 2000 as a publicly quoted
company for its shared. NCCBL has acquired commendable reputation by
providing sincere personalized service to its customers in a technology based
environment.
NAME
02.
STATUS
03.
SLOGAN
04.
REGISTRATION
05.
Head Office
06.
Year 2000
CSE
08.
MARKET CATEGORY
09.
Authorized capital
10.
Paid up capital
11.
594.165435 million
12
476.723217 million
13.
Chairman
14.
Managing Director
15.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
16.
BRANCH
17.
EMPLOYEES
2000 above
26 Members
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18.
Website
www.nccbank.com.bd
Where
credit
&
commerce
integrates..
Social service products
There are various types of products and services provided by NCC bank as
shown bellow
Lendin
International
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Busin
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2011 (Million)
2012 (Million)
Authorized Capital
5000
10000
Paid up Capital
2284.9
4501.25
4371.62
5771
Equity Fund
6656.52
10272
Deposit
53900
67971
50388
63230
Investments
9672
10980
Import Business
33078
41245
Export Business
11904
16125
Operating Income
9333
10158
Operating Expenses
6195
6058
Operating Profit
3137
4100.2
2687
3248.23
1720
2371.68
Retained Earning
46.47
388
65937
83554
Fixed Assets
849
1191.41
Number of Branches
65
79
Number of Employees
1496
1622
7.53
5.33
Nill
Nill
47
32
29
25.35
2.61
2.84
13.55
10.91
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93.48%
93.04%
Opportunity and Threat. The SWOT of NCCBL has been shown in the next...
Internal factors
Strength
Weaknesses
exchange department.
exchange department
Various Products
External factors
Opportunities
Threats
How
Up Coming Bank
Debit Cards
Banking system.
Can
reduce
manpower
through
computerized system
9 | Page
3.1 Credit:
Credit is a contractual agreement in which a borrower receives something of
value now and agrees to repay with agreed terms. Credit risk, the possibility
of nonrepayment of credit amount, arises from the banks dealing with or
lending to corporate, individuals and other banks or financial institutions.
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a) General provision
b) Revaluation reserves
Revaluation reserve for fixed assets
Revaluation reserve for securities
Revaluation reserve for equity instrument
C. Tier 3 capital called Additional Supplementary Capital, consists of shortterm subordinated debt (original maturity less than or equal to five years but
greater than or equal to two years) would be solely for the purpose of meeting
a proportion of the capital requirements for market risk.
D. For foreign banks operating in Bangladesh Tier 1 capital consists of the following items:
a) Funds from head office
b) Remittable profit retained as capital
c) Any other items approved by BB for inclusion in Tier 1 capital
Tier 2 capital consists of the following items:
a) General provision
b) Borrowing from head office in foreign currency in compliance with the
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regulatory requirement.
c) Revaluation reserve for securities
d) Any other items approved by BB for inclusion in Tier 2 capital.
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The calculation of Tier 1 capital, Tier 2 capital, and Tier 3 capital shall be
subject to the following conditions:
a) The amount of Tier 2 capital will be limited to 100% of the amount of Tier
1capital.
b) 50% of revaluation reserves for fixed assets and securities eligible for Tier
2 capital.
c) 10% of revaluation reserves for equity instruments eligible for Tier 2 capital.
to strengthen the credit discipline and the process of classification has been
simplified. The following revised policies on loan classification and
provisioning has been issued amending the previous circulars in this regard: 3.4.3.1 Categories of Loans:
All loans and advances will be grouped into 4(four) categories for the purpose
of classification, namelyA. Continuous Loan: The loan Accounts in which transactions may be made
within certain limit and have an expiry date for full adjustment will be treated
as Continuous Loans. Examples are: CC, OD etc.
B. Demand Loan: The loans that become repayable on demand by the bank
will be treated as Demand Loans. If any contingent or any other liabilities are
turned to forced loans (i.e. without any prior approval as regular loan) those
too will be treated as Demand Loans. Such as: Forced LIM, PAD, FBP, and
IBP etc.
C. Fixed Term Loan: The loans, which are repayable within a specific time
period under a specific repayment schedule, will be treated as Fixed Term
Loans.
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20%
Doubtful
50%
Bad/Loss
100%
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: 5%
: 100%
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Upto 5%
56%
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52%
48%
44%
40%
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shall not sanction the large loan, but it can consider renewal of an existing
large loan taking into account other favorable, conditions and factors.
However if the result of an LRA is unsatisfactory, neither sanction nor renewal
of large loans can be considered.
I. While sanctioning or renewing of large loan, a bank should judge debt
repayment capacity taking into consideration the borrower's Cash Flow
Statement, Audited Balance Sheet, Income Statement and other financial
statements to make sure that its borrower has the ability to repay the loan.
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following detailed policies for rescheduling of loans are being issued for
compliance by banks:
3.6.1
Applications:
While considering loan rescheduling application the banks shall follow the
under mentioned guidelines:
3.6.1.1 When a borrower asks for rescheduling of loans the banks shall
examine the causes as to why the loan has become non-performing. If it is
found from such review that the borrower has diverted the funds elsewhere or
the borrower is a habitual loan defaulter the bank shall not consider the
application for loan rescheduling. Instead, the bank shall take/continue all
legal steps for recovery of the loans.
3.6.1.2 At the time of considering loan rescheduling proposal bank must
assess the borrower's overall repayment capacity taking into account the
borrower's liability position with other banks.
3.6.1.3 In order to ensure whether the borrower would be able to repay the
rescheduled installments/existing liability the bank shall review the borrower's
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cash flow statement, audited balance sheet, income statement and other
financial statements.
3.6.1.4 Bank officers should ensure, if required, by spot inspection of the
borrower's company/business place, that the concerned company/business
enterprise will be able to generate surplus to repay the rescheduled liability.
Such inspection reports should be preserved by the banks.
3.6.1.5 If a bank is satisfied after due diligence mentioned above that the
borrower will be able to repay, the loan may be rescheduled. Otherwise, bank
shall take all legal steps to realize the loan, make necessary provision and
take measures to write-off.
3.6.1.6 The rescheduling shall be for a minimum reasonable period of time.
3.6.1.7 At the time of placing the rescheduling proposal before the Board of
Directors the Bank shall apprise the Board in details, what would be
implications of such loan rescheduling on the income and other areas of the
bank.
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The loans which are repayable within a specific time period under a
prescribed repayment schedule are treated as Term Loans. For rescheduling
such loans following policies shall, henceforth, be followed:
3.6.2.1 Application for first rescheduling will be considered only after cash
payment of at least 15% of the overdue installments or 10% of the total
outstanding amount of loan, whichever, is less;
3.6.2.2 Rescheduling application for the second time will be considered
after cash payment of minimum 30% of the overdue installments or 20% of
the total outstanding amount of loan, whichever, is less;
3.6.2.3 Application for rescheduling for more than two times will
be
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15%
crore
lacs)
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3.6.4.3. Export borrowers may be granted further credit facility (after being
identified as not a willful defaulter), if required, subject to settle at least 7.5%
of the compromise amount (excluding the down payment on rescheduling as
per present guidelines) being paid.
3.6.4.4. If any such issue is already there (such fresh facility has already
been allowed after allowing waiver), the same will not fall under purview of
this circular.
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off section 28 ka has been incorporated in 2001 in the Bank Company Act,
1991.
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Loan
Product
Funded
facility
Nonfunded
facility
2) Term Loan
>> Personal Term Loan:
a) Personal secured
b) Personal unsecured
c) Auto loan
d) Staff loan
e)Consumer Credit Scheme
>> Corporate Term Loan:
a) Bills under Letter of Credit
b) TR- Trust Receipt
c) FBP- Foreign Bill Purchased
d) IBP- Inland Bill Purchased
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Deposits are invested in Trade, Commerce & Industries in term basis i.e.,
short, medium & long term. Deposits come from business, housewives,
institutions & small income group etc. who has excess or available money. It
may be said that though banks are performing social responsibilities by
securing both small & large depositors money & also helping industrial, social
& economical development, but like others, prime objective of the institute is
maximization it profit by optimization of resources.
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Mid-Rate
Cash Credit
15.00%
16.00%
15.00%
Export Credit
16.00%
Others Credit
7.1
7.2
15.00%
9.00%
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Banks generally examine four aspects of their own before granting any loan to
any customer. These are:
A. Profitability:
Profitability is one of the most important criteria of banks rating in the stock
exchange as well. Depending on it, the share prices of the banks rise or fall in
the stock exchange. Not only has the Stock Exchange, Bangladesh Bank also
used financial profitability as one of the indicators of assessment of the banks.
Profitability also enhances the image of the banks among the members of the
public. It is an indicator of good management of the banks as well. Therefore,
banks think twice about maximizing profit before lending.
B. Liquidity:
While lending commercial banks have to take liquidity into consideration.
Liquidity is related to deposits which are the life blood of the commercial
banks. Deposits are the borrowings by the banks from the depositors
repayable on demand or after expiry of a certain period. Everyday depositors
either deposit or withdraw cash. To meet the demand for cash all the
commercial banks have to keep a certain amount of cash in their tills. In the
absence of liquidity, banks may fail to meet the customers requirements of
cash. Then the credibility is seriously affected and they may face a run i.e.
failure to meet cash demand of depositors. That is why; banks are to keep
adequate funds, i.e. liquidity to meet customers need before lending. This is
also a legal requirement.
C. Safety of Funds:
No commercial bank can afford to keep its fund idle. Because they are earn
enough money to pay interest to the depositors as well as to meet their
administrative cost. That is why they are to lend and invest their money
profitably. While doing so, banks are to be very cautious as the money of
banks is the depositors money. These are payable on demand. Unless the
money lent out is safe, the banks cannot pay depositors money back. The
banks are, therefore, required to consider the aspects of safety of the lent out
money very seriously.
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D. Diversification of Risks:
Banks, while lending, always try to keep in mind the famous maxim do not
keep all the eggs in one basket. Since there is a risk in every advance, banks
spread the risk by lending to as many borrowers as possible instead of giving
the advances to a few large borrowers. Banks thus avoid concentration of
advances to a few big firms or a few industries. They spread advances for
various purposes amongst a number of firms and business located throughout
the country.
Borrowers Standing:
Borrowing customers are very important to a bank. Before lending, a bank
thoroughly assesses the customer who approaches the banks for loan. The
banks here judge five things to know financial soundness of the borrower
which are called FIVE Cs as shown bellow
1
Character
Capacity
Condition
Collateral
Capital
Proposal Itself:
Not only the borrower but also the proposal of the customer is very important
to a banker. He must be satisfied about both the customer and his proposal
before processing it. Normally, a bank wants to be sure about four things in
this case:
a. Purpose of the loan
b. Security against the loan
c. Sources of repayment
d. Period for which the loan is being sought.
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A bank thoroughly examines these issues and when satisfied, they process
the loan.
Social Point of View:
Commercial banks work in a society and hence they are to consider and meet
the expectations of the members of the society. Society demands that the
commercial banks should contribute to the economic wellbeing of the people.
These can be done by savings mobilization, lending money to the priority
sectors and employing the unemployed. In many countries, the government
ensures that the commercial banks perform these functions. This implies that
profitability alone is not the criteria of commercial banks operations.
2. Unsecured credit
Secured Credit:
Secured credit means loans or advances made against security of assets, the
market value of which is not at any time less than the amount of such loans or
advances. It is called so because security can be enforced in case of default
by the borrowers.
Unsecured Credit:
An unsecured or clean credit is one, which is granted to a borrower without
obtaining any security from him. These kinds of credits may include: Clean
overdrafts or clean loans.
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Loans:
A sizeable amount of the credit of the banks is in the form of loans. These are
such advances which are made on lump sum or installment basis depending
on the purpose of loans. Similarly they are also repayable generally either by
fixed installments or by lump sum having no subsequent debits to the loan
account except by way of interest and incidental charges etc. House building
loans, Agricultural credit and Different kinds of small loans etc are the
examples of loans.
1. Overdrafts (OD):
Overdrafts constitute another important segment of the credit portfolio of the
commercial banks. This kind of advance in the form of Overdraft is always
allowed on a current account to be operated upon by cheques. The customer
may be sanctioned a certain limit within which he can overdraw his current
account within drawing power and a stipulated period. Balance of the
Overdraw account may fluctuate. It may increase by withdrawals by the
customers and may decrease if payment into the account is made by the
customers.
2. Temporary Overdraft (TOD):
Customer
who
maintains
satisfactory
conducted
accounts
may
be
borrowers. When the importer does not come forward to retire the documents
in spite of repeated reminders banks also have to, on forced circumstances,
clear the imported consignment on arrival of the same to avoid heavy
demurrage at the port which adds to the burden of commitment.
8. Loan against Trust Receipts (LTR):
This is an arrangement under which credit is allowed against trust receipts.
Imported or exportable goods remain in the custody of the importer or
exporter. But he is to execute a stamped Trust receipt in favor of the bank
wherein a declaration is made that the goods imported or bought with the
banks financial assistance are held by him in trust for the bank.
9. Local Bill Purchased (LBP) :
Purchasing of local bills of exchanging arising out of commercial transactions
is called foreign bill purchased
10. Foreign Bill Purchased (FBP):
Purchasing of foreign bills of exchanging arising out of commercial
transactions is called foreign bill purchased.
Securities
Lien of various kinds of sanchay patras,
Loan
government
debentures,
fixed
deposit
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Sanchay
patras,
Non-resident
foreign
Debentures,
Life
insurance
Government
promissory
policies,
notes,
Fixed
installed.
Shipping documents for imports.
Bill itself.
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Lien is the right of a person to hold back or retain goods belonging to another
until the claims of the possessor are met. There are two types of lien, namely:
(i) Particular lien and (ii) General lien.
Particular lien relates to only the subject goods against which advances have
been sanctioned whereas a general lien entitles a person to retain all the
goods in his possession until all claims are satisfied. There is, however,
another kind of lien which is called Negative lien. In this case banks take a
declaration from the borrowers that the assets mentioned therein will be free
from any sort of charge.
b) Hypothecation:
Hypothecation is a charge against property for an amount of debt where
neither ownership nor possession is passed to the creditor. Under
hypothecation goods remain with the borrowers. But the borrowers by an
agreement bind themselves to hand over the possession of the goods if the
banks so desire.
c) Pledge:
Pledge is the bailment of goods as security for payment of a debt or
performance of a promise. In a pledge, goods remain under the possession of
the lenders. In case of pledge, the borrower is to take the repossession of the
goods after paying off the loan within the contracted period. On the other
hand, the banks are to take usual care of the goods pledged with them.
d) Mortgage:
A mortgage is the transfer of an interest in specific immovable property like
land and building for the purpose of securing the payment of money advanced
or, to be advanced by way of loan, existing or future debt, or the performance
of an engagement which may give rise to a pecuniary liability.
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obtained with a view to making the party liable to pay the ultimate balance of
the account.
(5) Letter of Arrangement:
This is the letter signed by the borrower acknowledging the right of the lending
bank to call back the loan facility at any time with or without intimation to the
borrower.
(6) Letter of Request:
Through this letter the borrowers request the banks to clear the goods from
the ports on his behalf.
(7) Letter of Installments:
A letter by the borrower confirming that he will pay off the loan by installments,
if such loan is recalled, is called a letter of installment.
1) Status Report:
Status reports on borrowers are sometimes called credit reports, financial
reports, bankers opinion or confidential reports. All these terms carry more or
less the same meaning. A status report is an assessment of the borrowers
character, capacity and capital from the point of view of a banker.
2) Sources:
Banks get information on borrowers through various sources enumerated
below:
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Loan application.
Market reports mostly from the borrowers trade or business.
Mode of living.
Borrowers account with the banks or statement of accounts with
other banks.
Statement of assets and liabilities.
Income tax statements.
Wealth tax statements.
Sales tax returns.
Trade and other reports in the press.
Reports about actions and decrees in Government Gazettes.
Registration, revenue and/or municipal records.
Operations by a customer on his safe custody account or locker.
Bangladesh Bank Credit Information Bureau.
Personal Contact including personal interview.
3) Personal Interview:
After having collected all the information from outside sources, it is advisable
to arrange for a personal interview with the borrower. The interview should be
conducted in a free and pleasant atmosphere. The questions must be
suggestive and helpful to put him/her at ease so that he/she gives all
information required by the bank. It is not necessary for the banker to make
any commitments in a case which requires further analysis. Enquires may be
made to verify the information given by the customer.
Points Covered in an Interview:
The main points that will be covered in an interview with the borrower are:
His business.
His capital with particular reference to his working capital.
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The interest rate on lending conforms to the prevailing rates offered by other
financial institutions. At the same time, the management has to keep in mind
the following points while pricing a loan:
1.
2.
Cost of funds;
3.
4.
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The interest rate charged by the bank will be dependent on the bank
view of the borrowers credit worthiness.
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Weight
1.
Financial Risk
50%
a. Leverage:
15%
b. Liquidity:
15%
c. Profitability: 15%
d. Coverage:
2.
5%
18%
a. Size of Business
5%
b. Age of Business
3%
c. Business Outlook
3%
d. Industry Growth
3%
e. Market Competition 2%
3.
4.
f. Entry/Exit Barriers
Management Risk:
2%
12%
a. Experience
5%
4%
c. Team Work
Security Risk
3%
10%
4%
4%
c. Support (Guarantee)
5.
2%
Relationship Risk
10%
a. Account Conduct
5%
b. Utilization of Limit
2%
c. Compliance of Covenants /
2%
Conditions
d. Personal Deposits
Grand Total All Risk
1%
100%
Numbe
Grading
Short
Score
r
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Superior
Good
Acceptable
Marginal/Watch list
Special Mention
Substandard
Doubtful
Bad/Loss
SUP
GD
ACCPT
MG/WL
SM
SS
DF
BL
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4.19 Documentation:
It is essential that the proposal defines clearly the purpose of the facility, the
sources of repayment, the agreed repayment schedule, the value of security
and the customer relationship consideration implicit in the Credit decision.
Where security is to be accepted as collateral for the facility all documentation
relating to the security shall be in the approved form. All approval procedures
and required documentation shall be completed and all securities shall be in
place, prior to the disbursement of the facilities.
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Facility Type
Primary Security
Pledge of WEDB, FDR or ICB Unit Certificate along
with Bank transfer form.
Secured Overdraft
(SOD)
Overdraft (as
working capital
finance)
Hypothecation of stocks.
Overdraft (against
work order)
Order valued.
Hypothecation of the vehicles.
Registered mortgage of land
Term
Loan
(house
building)
Term
Loan
(capital
finance)
Registered
Irrevocable
Power
of
Power
of
Attorney.
Notarized
Irrevocable
Attorney.
Loan against Trust Letter of Trust Receipt.
Receipt (LTR)
Hypothecation of goods.
Letter of Credit (L/C) Documents of title to goods.
facility
Loan and advances in whatever form, granted by the bank to its clients are
repayable on demand or at the expiry of fixed period or as per repayment
schedule agreed upon while granting the facilities. If a loan is repayable on
installment basis, default occurs if an installment is not repaid on due date. If
the borrower fails to adjust the liability within the date of expiry of the facility,
the loan will be called as classified loan & the liability should be transferred
to past due A/C.
When the liability of the borrower transferred to the Past due A/C, the bank
must take the necessary actions to recover the loan as far as possible.
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4.21.1
Approval Process:
1 The
approval
process
must
reinforce
the
segregation
of
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Head of Operations/Head of
Credit
Credit Committee
Board of Directors
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4.21.3 Disbursement:
1) Security documents are prepared in accordance with approval terms
and are legally enforceable. Standard loan facility documentation
that has been reviewed by legal counsel should be used in all
cases. Exceptions should be referred to legal counsel for advice
and authorization for the same should be obtained from CRM Unit.
2) Disbursements under loan facilities are only be made when all
security documentation is in place. A clean updated CIB report
(should not be more than 2 months old) must be obtained before
any disbursement of facility favoring the borrower. All formalities
regarding large loans & loans to Directors should be guided by
Bangladesh Bank circulars & related Section of Banking Companies
Act.
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who should review all documentation, meet the customer, and prepare a
Classified Loan Review Report within 15 days of the transfer. It should be
approved by the Head of Operations and copied to the Branch where the loan
was originally sanctioned. This report should highlight any documentation
issues, loan structuring weaknesses, proposed workout strategy, and should
seek approval for any loan loss provisions that are necessary.
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Year
2009
2,52,00,000
2010
3,02,00,000
2011
5,06,00,000
2012
6,79,00,000
Analysis
80000000
60000000
40000000
20000000
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
In the above graph, we see that the profit of Anderkilla branch is growing
moderately on average. The profit 8 was 2.85% of the total profit of the bank.
The profit of Anderkilla in 2010 was 1.76% of total profit. So we see that profit
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was decreased by1.09% in compare with 2009. After that the profit of this
branch in 2011 was increased by 2.13%.In the same way, the % profit of the
branch was 2.28% in 2012. The reason for lowering profit in 2010 was that
increasing the number of competitors in that area.
2009
2010
2011
2012
Target (Crore)
40.
45.
85.
90.
Actual (Crore)
33.22
39.57
81.65
91.89
100
90
80
70
60
Target
50
Actual
40
30
20
10
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
Analysis :
In this graph, both the target and actual credit is increasing moderately. There
was relatively large difference between Target & Actual Loan in 2009 than
others. The target gap was (40-33.22) =6.88. In 2010 and 2011,The branch
could not fulfill their target like the year 2009.But the target was increased
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2009
2010
2011
2012
40,12,96,870
46,00,87,796
90,43,75,000
98,30,45,000
1200000000
1000000000
800000000
600000000
total deposit
400000000
200000000
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
Analysis:
The graph shows that Bank deposits are in medium increasing position. In
every year the rate of deposit was same except 2010 to 2011. The rate of
interest in saving deposit is 6%.The main reason behind the strong deposit in
2010 & 2011 was the introduction of double scheme deposit i.e. one lac
equals to two lacs. The first effect of deposits is when deposits increase,
advances increase as well. In this bank the difference between rate of interest
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of advance & deposit is (14-9) =5%. The loan is disbursed from the deposit
amount but sometimes, advance is given 70 crore but deposit has 60 crore
that is negative situation. In this situation money is brought out from the head
office. But Anderkilla branch did not face this situation.
2009
2010
2011
2012
33,86,00,000
39,57,00,, 000
81,65,00,000
91,89,00,000
Cash
credit
Interest
Security
Intere
Loan
Intere
Payment
Intere
rate
overdraft
st rate
against
st rate
against
st rate
trust
document
receipt
(LTR)
2012
34,89,00,0
14%
00
2011
28,00,00,0
10,00,00,0
00
15%
00
15%
5,65,00,0
15%
4,00,00,0
00
24,00,00,00
13%
16%
30,00,00,0
15%
00
16%
36,00,00,0
13%
00
00
00
2010
7,00,00,0
6,00,00,0
00
18,00,00,0
16%
00
15%
19,57,00,0
00
60,00,00,0
00
Analysis :
15%
increased for credit systems flexibility. Again in 2012, when the rate of interest
reduced by 1% i.e. 14%, the amount of advances increased. As a result Bank
achieved more profit than previous years. In 2012, the interest rate of SOD
(security overdraft) was 15% which was comparatively lower than previous
two years. The loan which is given against document whose amount was
higher in 2010 than 2011. Since the rate of interest was lower in 2010 then
2011. Again in 2012, the rate of interest of payment against document
reduced by 3% i.e. brought to 13%. As a result advances also increased in
2012. In 2010 and 2011, LTR was given at rate of interest at 15% whereas in
2012 it was reduced by 2% & brought it to 13%. As a result advance also
increased.
2012
Private(for contractory)
8,00,00,000
14,50,00,000
4,00,00,000
6,90,00,000
Transport Loan
30,00,000
50,00,000
House Building
80,00,000
1,00,00,000
Staff loan
10,00,000
30,00,000
Total
13,20,00,000
23,20,00,000
SECTORs
Analysis :
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From the above list, we see that the total loan disbursement in 2012 was
increased by 75% than 2010. So its a great achievement for the bank in
2012. In 2012, Bank gave 14,50,00,000 for the purpose of contractors
business whereas in 2011 that was 8,00,00,000. Small & Medium enterprise,
they were also given higher amount in 2012 than 2011 that is 2,90,00,000
more. But the amount of transport loan has no big variation between 2012 &
2011 unlike Private & Small and Medium Enterprise. House building loan was
gradually increased that is 20,00,000 more in 2012 than 2011. In 2012 Staff,
they took 20,00,000. more advance than the previous year.
2011
Overdue
Recovery
20 12
% of
Overdue
Recovery
Recovery
% of
Recovery
Cash Credit
13,00,000
1,80,000
13.85%
11,12,000
7,10,000
63%
Security Overdraft
7,00,000
2,50,000
35.7%
3,05,000
1,80,000
59%
PAD(Payment
15,56,000
5,00,000
32.14%
4,44,000
3,70,000
83%
35,56,000
17,60,000
49.5%
18,61,000
12,60,000
67.7%
Against Document)
Total
Analysis :
The classified loan was higher in 2011 than 2012. But we see the amount of
recovery was better in 2012 than 2011. Cash credit, Security Overdraft,
Payment against document - these three kinds of advances carried a small
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amount of recovery, but we see the recovery of Cash Credit positioned worse
in 2011 than 2012.On the otherhand, position of Security overdraft was better
in both year. The reason is that if the customer didnt provide the loan
installment, the bank would seize the customers deposited amount.
6.1 Findings:
After conducting the study and the analysis the performance of credit
management of NCC Bank Anderkilla branch have been identified:
The amount of loan disbursement is moderately higher in 2012 than
previous years
The Operating profit is comparatively higher in 2012 than previous
years
Income & Expenditures as well as revenues is increased in 2012.
This bank has 10 accounts which is under bad & loss i.e. 97.35%.
The recovery amount is not so good enough in comparison to total
overdue amount.
Funded credit amount was less than that of non-funded.
NCCBL takes longer time to analyze CRG.
Sometimes the credit officers discourage the unsecured loan like Auto
Loan. For that reason so many borrowers switch to the other banks
for getting such loan.
The branch faces a problem to recover the loan amount at due date &
sometimes borrowers avoid the recovery officers by different
treachery.
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6.2 Recommendations:
NCC Bank Limited is undoubtfully a successful bank. But there are some
limitations regarding credit policies. According to the findings the followings
are the recommendation of the study:
1. According to my observation, the bank delays to reply the Head
Offices credit query which reduce the efficiency of the activities of the
branch. So branch need to be improved in this area so that, faster
credit information can be observed.
2. To ensure the recovery satisfactory, the bank needs to take strong
necessary action soon. In this purpose the bank should- continuous
communication over telephone, sending letter or by face to face
contact with the clients
3. The bank should select good clients for granting loans so that credit
risk can be minimized as low as possible.
4. Bank should encourage their clients to buy loan product rather than
discourage. Because maximum profits have been gained from the
interest of loan they granted to the customers.
5. The possibility of recovery is too low when the loan falls into the
classification stage. So the bank ensure earlier about the regular
installment. For that regular contact is necessary.
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6. The bank should update their online system faster & use modern
banking system for recording data & information so that faster efficient
client services can be provided.
7. The loan disbursement procedure should be shortened.
8. NCCBL can arrange some periodic training for its employees where
they will receive clear instruction regarding the Credit Management. It
might help the employees to allocate time and energy for other works.
9. 24 Hours Banking facilities of NCCBL need to be more upgraded
where a bank customer can perform different bank activities beyond
normal banking hours using online facilities including ATM, Phone
Banking, Debit Card, Credit Card or M-bridge Card services.
6.3 Conclusion:
The core part of Bank management is Credit management. The existence of a
bank depends on the credit management. Because if credit management fails
to have a well diversified loan portfolio than the bank may lose all its
investments which are the savings of the depositors and owners equity. The
Credit management does all sorts of the activities regarding the loans and
advances. To have a well diversified loan portfolio, the bank must screen out
the good borrowers from the loan applicants. Because, if the borrower is
good there is very few chance of default other than of systematic risk.
The NCC Bank Limited is doing its business successfully for more than 20
years which indicates their well performance in credit management. Because
of their well performing credit management, the bank was able to reduce its
bad debt every year. From the credit management of NCC Bank Ltd., I have
gained practical knowledge about the real world credit management which
would help me to relate my theoretical knowledge with the real world. For that
I am really grateful to International Islamic University Chittagong (IIUC) for
arranging such Internship program and the NCC Bank Limited.
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