Cu 3: Lm r quan im ca HCM v i on kt dn tc.

ng ta qun trit v vn
dng quan im trong cng cuc xy dng t nc ra sao ?
Theo quan nim ca HCM, cch mng l s nghip ca qun chng nhn dn ng o, m
khng phi l cng vic ca mt s ngi, ca ring ng Cng sn. ng lnh o nhn dn
ng ln u tranh t gii phng v xy dng x hi mi. S nghip y ch c th thc hin c
bng sc mnh ca c dn tc, bng i on kt dn tc. T tng i on kt dn tc v vic
xy dng khi i on kt dn tc ca HCM l mt cng hin c sc, c gi tr l lun v gi tr
thc tin ht sc quan trng.
Nhng quan im c bn ca HCM v KDT, th hin cc ni dung sau:
1- i on kt dn tc l vn c ngha chin lc, quyt nh thnh cng ca cch
mng, ch khng phi l vn c ngha sch lc. HCM thng nhn mnh: on kt l sc
mnh, on kt l thng li, on kt, on kt, i on kt thnh cng, thnh cng, i
thnh cng. on kt l im m, im ny m thc hin tt th ra con chu u tt;
on kt l mt chnh sch dn tc, khng phi l mt th on chnh tr. iu ni r rng,
on kt l vn sng cn ca cch mng. Nu c khc chng l nhng thi k cch mng
khc nhau cn c phng php t chc, b tr lc lng cho ph hp vi nhng yu cu v nhim
v c th ca thi k .
2- i on kt khng ch l phng php tp hp, t chc lc lng cch mng, m
cao hn, l mc tiu, nhim v hng u ca cch mng. T tng i on kt dn tc
phi c qun trit trong mi ng li, ch trng, chnh sch ca ng (i on kt l si
ch xuyn sut c ng li, ch trng ca ng). HCM khng nh, mc ch ca ng Lao
ng Vit Nam c th tm gn trong 8 ch on kt ton dn, phng s T quc. iu i
hi ng phi xy dng c mt ng li chin lc khoa hc, ph hp vi nguyn vng,
quyn li ca i a s dn chng thu ht v pht huy trit sc mnh ca qun chng vo
s nghip u tranh cch mng. i on kt dn tc l s nghip ca qun chng, do qun
chng, v qun chng. ng c s mnh thc tnh, tp hp, hng dn, chuyn nhng i hi
khch quan, t pht ca qun chng thnh nhng i hi t gic, thnh hin thc, c t chc,
thnh sc mnh v ch trong cuc u tranh v c lp cho dn tc, t do cho nhn dn, hnh
phc cho con ngi.
3- i on kt dn tc l i on kt ton dn: HCM dng khi nim i on kt dn
tc nh hng cho vic xy dng khi on kt ton dn trong sut tin trnh ca cch mng
Vit Nam. Ni n i on kt dn tc cng c ngha l phi tp hp c mi ngi dn vo
mt khi trong cuc u tranh chung. Mun thc hin c i on kt ton dn th phi k tha
truyn thng yu nc nhn ngha on kt ca dn tc, phi c tm lng khoan dung,
lng vi con ngi. thc hin c on kt, Ngi cn dn Cn xa b ht thnh kin,
cn phi tht th on kt vi nhau, gip nhau cng tin b phc v nhn dn. Ngi
xc nh nn tng ca khi on kt dn tc l cng nhn, nng dn v cc tng lp nhn dn
lao ng khc m lin minh cng nng l nn tng ca Mt trn dn tc thng nht. Nn tng
cng c cng c vng chc th khi i on kt dn tc cng c th m rng, khng e ngi bt
c th lc no c th lm suy yu khi i on kt dn tc.
4- HCM, t tng i on kt dn tc khng ch dng li quan nim, t tng,
nhng li ku gi, m c c th ha thnh mt chin lc cch mng, tr thnh khu hiu
hnh ng ca ton ng, ca dn ta. Ngay t khi tm thy con ng cu nc, HCM rt
ch n vic a qun chng nhn dn vo nhng t chc yu nc ph hp vi tng giai tng,
tng gii, tng ngnh ngh, tng la tui, tng tn gio v ph hp vi tng bc pht trin ca
phong tro cch mng, bao trm nht l Mt trn dn tc thng nht. Mt trn dn tc thng nht
l t chc chnh tr rng ri, tp hp ng o cc giai cp, tng lp, dn tc, tn gio, ng
phi, cc t chc v c nhn yu nc trong v ngoi nc, phn u v mc tiu chung l c
lp, thng nht ca T quc v t do hnh phc ca nhn dn. Mt trn hot ng theo nguyn
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tc hip thng dn ch, ly vic thng nht li ch ti cao ca dn tc vi li ch ca cc tng

lp nhn dn lm c s cng c v khng ngng m rng.
Vi HCM, on kt lu di, cht ch, on kt tht s, chn thnh; thn i gip nhau cng
tin b. Ngi thng xuyn cn dn mi ngi phi khc phc tnh trng on kt xui chiu,
phi nu cao tinh thn t ph bnh v ph bnh biu dng mt tt, khc phc mt cha tt,
cng c on kt ni b. u tranh chng khuynh hng c c, hp hi, coi nh vic tranh th
tt c cc lc lng c th tranh th c; ng thi chng li khuynh hng on kt mt chiu,
on kt m khng c u tranh ng mc trong ni b Mt trn.
5- ng Cng sn va l thnh vin ca Mt trn dn tc thng nht, li va l lc lng
lnh o Mt trn, xy dng khi i on kt ton dn ngy cng vng chc. Theo HCM,
ng Cng sn Vit Nam l s kt hp ch ngha Mc Lnin vi phong tro cng nhn vi
phong tro yu nc Vit Nam. ng Cng sn Vit Nam xem i on kt dn tc, tp hp ton
dn trong cuc u tranh cch mng l vn sng cn, l mu tht ca ng; ng lnh o Mt
trn trc ht bng vic xc nh chnh sch Mt trn ng n, ph hp vi tng giai an, tng
thi k cch mng. HCM nu r Chnh sch Mt trn l mt chnh sch rt quan trng. Cng
tc Mt trn l mt cng tc rt quan trng trong ton b cng tc cch mng. ng phi dng
phng php vn ng, gio dc, thuyt phc, nu gng, ly lng chn thnh i x, cm
ha, khu gi tinh thn t gic, t nguyn, ht sc trnh g p, quan liu, mnh lnh, khng th
v khng c ly quyn uy ca mnh buc cc thnh vin khc trong Mt trn phi tun theo.
HCM cn dn cn b, ng vin v cng tc Mt trn Phi thnh thc lng nghe kin ca
ngi ngoi ng. Cn b v ng vin khng c t cao t i, t cho mnh l ti gii hn
mi ngi; tri li phi hc hi iu hay iu tt ca mi ngi... cn b ng vin c quyt tm
lm nh th th cng tc Mt trn nht nh s tin b nhiu. Mun lnh o Mt trn, lnh o
xy dng khi on kt ton dn, ng phi thc s on kt nht tr. S on kt ca ng l c
s vng chc xy dng s on kt ca ton dn. S on kt ca ng cng c cng c th
s on kt ca dn tc cng c tng cng; s gn b mu tht gia ng vi nhn dn to
nn sc mnh bn trong ca cch mng Vit Nam vt qua mi kh khn, chin thng mi k
th, i ti thng li cui cng ca cch mng.
6- i on kt dn tc phi gn lin vi on kt quc t; ch ngha yu nc chn chnh
phi gn lin vi ch ngha quc t trong sng ca giai cp cng nhn. HCM lun lun xc
nh cch mng Vit Nam l mt b phn ca cch mng th gii, cch mng Vit Nam ch c th
ginh c thng li khi on kt cht ch vi phong tro cch mng th gii. T tng tip
tc c b sung, hon thin y hn trong qu trnh lnh o cch mng Vit Nam. Khi ni
v s cn thit phi c t chc ng Cng sn, HCM nu r phi c ng cch mnh, trong
th vn ng v t chc dn chng, ngoi th lin lc vi dn tc b p bc v v sn giai cp
mi ni; thc hin s lin kt cht ch vi phong tro gii phng dn tc, phong tro cch mng
ca giai cp cng nhn v nhn dn lao ng chnh quc v cc nc t bn, vi phong tro
u tranh v ha bnh, c lp dn tc, dn ch v tin b x hi ca nhn dn th gii.
Nh vy, nhng lun im trn y to thnh ni dung ca t tng HCM v i on kt
dn tc. Nhng lun im y c hnh thnh, tng bc c hon chnh trong tin trnh
cch mng Vit Nam v c thc tin cch mng kim nghim. Trong sut qu trnh hot
ng cch mng ca mnh, HCM dy cng xy dng, vun p cho s ln mnh v pht trin
ca Mt trn dn tc thng nht, tng cng s nh hng ca Mt trn i vi cch mng Vit
Nam.
* Thc tin cch mng Vit Nam t trc n nay chng minh: i on kt dn tc l
ng li chin lc ca cch mng VN; l ngun sc mnh, ng lc ch yu v l nhn t c
ngha quyt nh bo m thng li ca s nghip xy dng v bo v T quc. Ly mc tiu xy
dng mt nc VN ha bnh, c lp, thng nht, ton vn lnh th, dn giu, nc mnh, dn
ch, cng bng, vn minh lm im tng ng; xa b mc cm, nh kin v qu kh, thnh
phn giai cp cao tinh thn dn tc, truyn thng nhn ngha, khoan dung tp hp,
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on kt mi ngi vo mt trn chung, tng cng ng thun x hi. T tng thm su

vo t tng, tnh cm ca tt c nhng ngi Vit Nam yu nc v to thnh sc mnh v ch
trong s nghip gii phng dn tc, xy dng v bo v T quc. Nh sc mnh ca khi i
on kt dn tc, nhn dn ta lm Cch mng Thng Tm 1945 thnh cng, lp nn nc Vit
Nam dn ch cng ho, xy dng min Bc i ln CNXH; nh cho M ct, nh cho ngu nho,
gii phng min Nam, thng nht T quc 1975. c bit, trong khng chin chng ch ngha
quc thc dn, t tng HCM nh hng cho vic hnh thnh ba tng Mt trn: Mt trn on
kt dn tc; Mt trn on kt Vit Min Lo; Mt trn nhn dn th gii on kt vi Vit
Nam chng quc xm lc. l s pht trin rc r nht v thng li to ln nht ca t
tng i on kt ca HCM.
Mt khc, nhn thc tm quan trng c bit ca vn i on kt dn tc, B chnh tr
BCH TW ng (kho VII) ra Ngh quyt 07/NQ-TW ngy 27/11/1993 V i on kt dn
tc v tng cng Mt trn dn tc thng nht. Ngh quyt phn nh tp trung s k tha v
pht trin t tng HCM v i on kt dn tc trong s nghip i mi. i hi VIII, IX ca
ng tip tc khng nh v t vn i on kt dn tc mt tm cao mi, nhm pht huy
sc mnh ca ton dn trong cng cuc CNH HH t nc. i hi X khng nh Tng
cng khi i on kt ton dn tc, pht huy dn ch, nng cao hiu lc ca nh nc php
quyn x hi ch ngha; Ngy 26/6/1999, ln u tin Lut Mt trn T quc Vit Nam c
ban hnh v khng nh MTTQ VN l mt b phn ca HTCT ca nc Cng ho XHCN Vit
Nam do ng Cng sn Vit Nam lnh o, th hin ch, nguyn vng, tp hp khi i on
kt ton dn, pht huy quyn lm ch ca nhn dn... n i hi XI ca ng Tip tc pht
huy dn ch v sc mnh i on kt dn tc i mi v nng cao cht lng, hiu qu hot
ng ca mt trn T quc v cc on th nhn dn.
T khi thc hin ng li i mi, ng Cng sn Vit Nam vn dng t tng HCM v
i on kt dn tc ph hp vi tnh hnh mi. Dn ch XHCN c tin b, sc mnh i non
kt dn tc c cng c. Khi i on kt ton dn tc trn nn tng lin minh giai cp cng
nhn vi giai cp nng dn v di ng tr thc di s lnh o ca ng tip tc c m rng
v tng cng; Mt trn v cc t chc on th nhn dn pht huy tt hn vai tr tp hp, xy
dng khi i on kt ton dn tc; cng c m rng t chc, pht trin on vin, hi vin, t
chc nhiu phong tro thi ua tham gia qun l nh nc, qun l x hi, gp phn tch cc
vo nhng thnh tu ca t nc.
Tuy nhin, bn cnh nhng kt qu t c chng ta vn cn nhng hn ch l: Dn ch
v sc mnh i on kt dn tc cha c pht huy y . Quyn lm ch ca nhn dn mt
s ni, trn mt vi lnh vc vn cn vi phm; vic thc hnh dn ch cn mang tnh hnh thc,
c tnh trng li dng dn ch gy chia r, lm mt on kt ni b, gy ri nh hng n
ANTT. Nhng ch trng, quan im ca ng v i on kt dn tc cha c th hin y
thnh php lut, hoc c th ch ha nhng cha c thc hin nghim tc. Cng tc
kim tra, n c cha thng xuyn, gia ch trng v thc hin cn cch bit. cng tc tuyn
truyn, vn ng, tp hp, thu ht nhn dn tham gia cc phong tro, cuc vn ng ca mt trn
T quc, cc on th nhn dn cn hn ch. Hot ng ca mt trn T quc v cc on th
nhn dn cha su st cc tng lp nhn dn v c s.
Ti Tha Thin Hu, trn c s qun trit quan im, chnh sch ca ng v t tng HCM
v KDT nhn thc v vai tr, v tr ca Mt trn trong h thng chnh tr c nng ln. Cng
tc Mt trn thi gian qua c cc cp y quan tm tha ng. Cc cp y ng c cc
ngh quyt chuyn v cng tc Mt trn. Thng qua chng trnh phi hp hat ng gia y
ban MTTQVN - Thng trc HND UBND cc cp, Mt trn pht huy tt vai tr ca mnh,
thc hin kh tt cc chc nng ca Mt trn theo lut nh. Chnh quyn to iu kin kinh
ph nng cp c s vt cht - k thut phc v cho cng tc mt trn ngy cng tt hn. Mt
trn tng bc i mi phng thc hat ng, phi hp vi cc t chc thnh vin Mt trn
y mnh CV "Ton dn on kt xy dng i sng vn ho khu dn c ", CV Ngy v
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ngi ngho, tham gia xa nh tm,... phong tro xy dng gia nh vn ha, thn, lng, bn, t
dn ph vn ha; cc hot ng n n p ngha,... lun c nhn dn hng ng tch cc,
khi i on kt ton dn ngy cng c cng c v tng cng, min tin ca qun chng nhn
dn i vi s lnh o ca ng tip tc c khng nh.
* Hin nay, t nc ta ngy cng hi nhp su rng vo nn kinh t quc t; cc th lc th
ch s tip tc y mnh thc hin m mu din bin ha bnh, bo lon, lt nhm gy mt
n nh chnh tr - x hi, chia r khi i on kt dn tc v chuyn ha ch chnh tr nc
ta. thc hin tt chnh sch i on kt dn tc, chng ta phi thng xuyn qun trit nhng
quan im ca t tng HCM v i on kt dn tc; phi vn dng sng to v tip tc pht
trin nhng quan im y, ph hp vi nhng bin i ca tnh hnh mi. Lut MTTQVN phi
c trin khai thc hin nghim chnh, Mt trn xng ng l mt lc lng to ln, mnh m
ca h thng chnh tr. Tip tc i mi b my v s hot ng ca Mt trn v cc on th
qun chng. i on kt dn tc phi c cng c v pht trin khc phc tnh trng i
ngho, lc hu, nguy c tt hu xa hn v kinh t, v khoa hc, k thut v cng ngh; nhm khi
dy tinh thn t tn dn tc, quyt tm chn hng t nc, tn dng thi c, y li nguy c,
vt qua mi th thch.
i on kt dn tc trong iu kin thc hin mt nn kinh t th trng nh hng XHCN
i hi: Phi xy dng mt ng lnh o tht s trong sch vng mnh, mt ch do nhn dn
lm ch, mt Nh nc tht s ca dn, do dn, v dn, mt h thng chnh tr tin tin c hiu
qu, hiu lc. Phi chng cho c cc t nn x hi, nn tham nhng, quan liu, vi phm quyn
lm ch ca nhn dn. Tip tc i mi chnh sch dn tc, chnh sch tn gio, chnh sch i
vi tr thc, chnh sch i vi cng ng ngi Vit Nam nc ngoi, tp hp n mc rng
ri nht nhn ti vt lc cho s nghip CNH HH t nc; phi pht huy c tnh nng ng
ca mi ngi, mi b phn mi vic t lnh o, qun l, sn xut kinh doanh, hc tp v lao
ng u c nng sut, cht lng, hiu qu ngy cng cao. Mt khc, phi khc phc c
nhng tiu cc ca kinh t th trng, c bit l tm l chy theo ng tin, cnh tranh khng
lnh mnh, lm phai nht truyn thng on kt, tnh ngha, tng thn tng i ca dn tc v
ca ng; on kt dn tc trong iu kin thc hin chnh sch m ca, hi nhp kinh t, a
phng ho, a dng ho quan h i ngoi trong xu th khu vc ho, ton cu ho kinh t ngy
cng pht trin, i hi phi cng c s on kt vi phong tro cch mng cc nc, ng thi
phi nm vng bi hc on kt quc t ca HCM, lun lun ging cao ngn c ho bnh, c
lp, hp tc v pht trin./.