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    English Phonetics

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    13 views149 pages

    1-Intonation of Colloquial English. O Connor-Arnold (149cop) A4-LC-V

    Uploaded by

    Silvina B Tamburini
    English Phonetics

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    -INGLES- FONETICA Y FONOLOGIA INGLESA IIT PAG VAX PAG 1A 288 (149 COPIAS) LC Intonation of Colloquial English A practical handbook J.D. O'CONNOR, a, ad . F, ARNOLD, na Read in Petr Unie Calle Ladin Contents tae ngs Gp La Paice i an . dice oth Sod ion ie eect nope, ack, praca gh ew (Cheyer 1 The Antony of EaglshItation : 1-0. O'amur ad G.F. Ar 1 Tnonaon nd Mearing 6 een IIE nroscton tthe Dela 8 sna Noe 1W oan Dei: rei meme ty ‘ano Toe curs iach Cyacicmemig 1 The Low Diop 6 thereto pi ein of 2 The High Drop ns Se Coppi ome 3 The Tabs.O8 1% in ped ft 4 Tae Low Bounce 18 Seed dsin 5 Th Sicha a eis (The Log Jump wi ISBN 0 gy 5 1 The High Bounce et 8 The Juki 24 9 The High Dive a Pein Gra Bein Wot Peg Seon a 10 The Tee 1a Bent Vantin Dis Tone nour segs a VE Dingo Ttnton race 5 laa of Teil Tame 6 ble ef PhP of Toe Gree er) 8 Tee of Tow Marks back eipoper Preface ‘Though me ape til apel amore dine of ‘readers, this Intonation of Collagial English is intended first dient forthe forego Eg exetly 4 patil text-book and it dined fo help frign ier wa moe drogh ad eel, moe ini connatd of ie intaio ptee wich exe Soden ish Engl eternal en in tierce ‘eran pth. This eel aim we bee endeared to aera was athe it ewe ave Ee out casino tno ery wan ndapenabe tina, to's beable adade he marin ana of dl al eon weave resid is il materi the Hinge of vests wich he fg ae ly fd efi ad rin et te ie oer, when coarnig wih Engh ep Coney we he ne hued on araver dpe pre og ene, he Jno ater, prope fr tat Kd fate ceca cert ech antec fad plc in is tok Tey we ae empaed i exch cone ves apn a set by peeing ney il beatae wine indie of tapers sat wich Feng be ed Ti we lee ob very ingots, tocol wile ign tet now be seen ie, Tela beatae he ane ine wero tem Noting ths Ds vars te ners of erin ear hoo lw pe a oer omen we ‘hie inert ia Enis into more seven, We tbe caper cing with he etn of Engin itnaton ‘rll pape co le hati newt ener aed fie ‘ih wren, Dr HE, Pler, nd Me Kino, ou wetting wl, we ‘etre made eect or he prude ang ofthe factor fection ia Eg he ust ‘auch Ben writen sou gah onan i ems of setence strata, If, in Caper, me appear to have cnplaed th retin betwen intone and seade’s stud, ii ely that we Bare wag to rete te ‘ce and t show th setence sac and speke' td both ply avery import pat a eterining ine ‘onan pute ‘Althea tine we fly and gall acknowl the a. =—srtrtrs— nglsh ition sais; their umes are wellknown bat tre ames it ere We mt however er our pei Indebiedoes to Me. R. Kingdon what sem of foe nari we bave in some luge mesure adopted. Tere xe onere cern major dfeencs vee teste nd the one wed inthis Book, We most thc enphaise that bee we hive departed fom Me King's pte we ave done oon our own respnabity a that sch change as vee made hal ino way be construc a epee ‘Me Rings vem, J.D. O'Cooe G.F. Arve niet Calg Laon Oak, 3959 Preface to the Second Edition Inthe thiten yar sie Sse tg he fi eto ofthis bk good dea of wate bs faved ude eit ato re he impact puised wok inthe Seiad the real wehare bd fom or eles snd det have coined we St cane sr eld fr “woo tenga of one ingen, the reminder sccm of ereig ad ation. “The major change ae ht we ve ntadiced hea of cepa tone group ete xd weave ted th le betwen ses and pth change. Consequence et cet in tend of unenpa oegp heed by son along, wnt he bof ph ange, tnd tht tes and pitch cane, when they coo i the ead stone pu, onl cet te e-bevig weds ‘tala confr empath oe grup whale. Far toe group te now ein for beads: Low, Hip, Fling eed Rig Tn he et edo he Low Head ad vo omplementay frag fr before High Flan lowpithed level form bleh Low Flan the 1 Ri, Tee to frat we sow regi to exily features the Lom Head [], which always low, and the Rising Head], which hasan emphaticformealled the Climb- ing Head. The unemphatc High and Falling Heads ae new, ‘they are ak with thei din ia tha tei pe. ‘ie empha forms eth old Stepping snd Siig Hed "Thee cans uve ented th intodacon of sone new symbol, P]and [the eden ofthe soe of tes, TB nd and he sapere ofboth (and Those se fly exned in the tex. Abo, we hve am only ‘ecg «Mi Ler mica tng, wich a mahd bye sews PI. ‘Weil al wih tea te oups, bt he pich tres sade tudes whch we soc wih he 6 sot aee ood ely wih tae of thoi en, Fortis ean * y Fre tthe and ita and ho because we hare found that number a bl are not auly remembered, we bare en the tone groupe nance. It may be bp to st out he eorespondences betwen the and od toe groupe Bere ‘The new Jaci, Take-OF, Low Bounce, High Bounce sand Svitchind correspond eraly tthe ald Tone Groups 5,67 8 and 9 regectly. The ew Low Drop includes ot lent of th te ald Tone Groupe tend ely the ‘combination Low Hed plus Low Fall ef Tote Group has ‘been omit on he grounds that ene very wel ote orig ae Silly, the High Drop baal the elements Fld Tone Groups 3 and 4 exept the combnatnn Low Head (sing vari) plas High Fall of Toe Group 3. This combination, with the heed renamed ising, ithe mala cone stent of the new Lag Jump. The igh Dive comeponds tool Tore Group ro, nner fara wich we think it ‘mae belle regard we eeotnes a toe poops, Filly the Terce, wit is Mid-Level ucla toe, is a asa independent oe group. ‘The orien which the tone groups are preted hasbeen ‘omerbat mode, [is our experience thatthe new ore ia (Chapters I and TV i a more ali list of pir fo he fori lars, We hive alo itodued «nem section on tone goup sequenes, tee with nied dei forte, ‘We hope that these changes wl make the book mre com> pene and no ls fl for bath the beginner and the advanced student; and we would ke than al tae wh, bythe wong or indus, bate helped us ogre in efermaltiog our ides. 1D.0¢ GRA University College London Ab 9p I The Anatomy of English Intonation coon Solngagetht weap fi ape enti .hlhLr—~~——C“‘‘e rimmed aes ean ey He SiSSoet tg ean ene he ete ‘spoken English, the speech runes or melodies, the musical anresofEoglsh, Al ats wien herein hia boats ie in yoko te hed on ie Isat i, Utes wich we iat ‘only in respect of intonation may, a8 a result, differ from each. ‘other in meaning. The same phrase may be said in « down- ‘tight, or a reserved, or a questioning tone of voice, amongst oo atin yn We nat vet wes at win peng roe es ei ey respect wor dys lhe! ted {erotfoinecany tae wr teme ea Sed grdontnaana uc dg ee sheer nd stn (ooh egrets Thee be nied amber eh gers act kapap al rar den poe doe definite meaningfl eects I a therefore posible to. (absolute teeny amag pa a al pe Semitechocst: Tan othe yeh pate ora ot came te es e tet nat eos ps he ict raat nus ap et 9 eda ene he Teg eh ates Taye ngs yd eye se ng {1a we std Engl tl fete le communi In the first place, the use of a tune which is ‘Stomay eli agit peso oat ‘pes wl nye lly Sc yd 2 Te Aang fish etnatin ‘more wos he we of te wich eda agi bot is diet eames wi elo mbundesanig ah ible embarassment. Ab an exmple of th ter tp of ‘ge, the pre Thankyou ay be aid with an tne ‘ish male ound ily etl nd with feet tune whic male it und ater sil Now if the rela eer uitenonly wah xa om when an Engh Toe feild oe oer og hen the ee ay 6 Yer be inp, sice e wl probably me that th eal ef ges by De te as theo we he sper albert tot gre Th wer Enon rg pears ate ale toma god del of allowance fer inate sund-oaig bot bog fore mow pat ner of te fering fc of iatonton in thi a legge they ate ache abl to male thane lower ermine ue Te ot at ey yl he eget fe wht intone 37—a8 they oul ig Bld an Engishnan responsible in a Sint cxe—eren tg he ede aot atl eet Histon nthe seateoe Bene de con be alo tay ey Ing there «cer gramaatil don betwen the two clas Boe fh de come od hw be ale ty ey Jing eea toh te dvson snot marked nay wayne vig, In pec however, the grammatical ion i ‘ard, and itis marked by intonation, ‘The pater of pitch ‘hich scons he int case il be engi By an Engi listener sin sme way complet and it wild the clane tether a a unit and sept i fam the fling lise, which wal be ld nether oan, But fs oot aay a mater of caus, In That extraninary- Inking woman bythe dv ish’ en the wil aj of. the sentence That erry oman by the dor woul oz be peseatedas wit by mea of ston, ithth prin fob' on ete aa spurt unit. And in ds amt of ft bry hao hn the opening pre villas ofene dred fo the manele, gin rough ‘he Anny of Bali tate 5 the intoaton, We nerd some neutral term tori to these poupe of words which xe gammatllyreewnt—they ae ot alas ces or ejects or phrses—end the tet we shal ue in ths ook is sinply wed pepe, So Boe fhe dot ‘oes word group ands re wat le ay cery log and That exrasanaylning tomo byte Gor a 0 Sometimes the mmber of word groups we hoe to use ‘nay be important th meaning For example, My tera lcs br as ut had ts ay mean to dent ‘things, In wen he diene wuld Be mated by pencte- ation inspec tis marked by sng ithe woo te werd sgoups. If he measig is: My oly sinter, ho buppes 0 ‘nein Edinburgh. then the sion woud eit thee rd groupes Myst, | ho in ia, jt ad oi (On the ther hag ifthe meaning ie: "Tat oe of my several sisters who Hives in Edinburgh. the dion sta ealy ‘wo word groupe: Myth Be i Bh | haut a i Sil in She dred a fl the bly, As one word group, the baby which is Boh deed and fed in two word pou: ‘She dred | of ebay. ‘he word group She dred i cquiaen to ‘She deed ber sf, “Ther ice sane cosa how we de putes ino word gop, In My fate was i Mente the ‘ubjet far ay ony ot fra seperate word ge, andi in fo ll it vo ses yb separated ot. ilo, Seb and Nene al he hy dee ay be Apri Je Stk and Nene. ‘Apri Ju Sean ed Net. 4 The fanny of api nation ‘This kid of ison nto ward groups by meas of iatoation ‘cer in al lnguages and te nothing ial about tithe the pipe or practice of, ven in hoe cvs where 1 choice pnb, Ta our ezangls we we the sagl bt |] to separate word groups which havea very cose grummatal emnectin an the double bar [] at he ead of eras which ae act doeyconeted 0 what follows, For example Wh I gt hr she hd fori | ‘The single bar cequrates the tv connected cles, and the double Ez eprat theo sets wel at making the cad ofthe whole uterance. The single bit may eeeped 1 f sight pre, bot more een there eno actal lene b= ten the two word groupe itsepartes, The double Bar nd cates ete pe ‘The von of ng uterances cto grammatical relrat. ord provps is oe ofthe rok af nication. A seas the eof ferent tne, diferent puters ofp, for gram smal purposes, For example: awa ce amr aie may mean: "Thre ae bea and cabbage and nothing cle; ou must chome betwen thr Orit may Be hat the beans and cabbage are simply examples and there may te ther ‘eels to, In the Sat ce the voice reson bow end fal on cable, and this marked Knit ehie Inthe second, he erie on bth as and cage and tithe lea hat thee arsinply examples, In Di eu exo i if the wie rie atthe ead ite simple quo but fal atthe end the ste isan exmatin, meaning “You coed itenomoosy, dat you? ‘Apart from thse tr cles grammatical roe of intna- tin tere is ao a third ander important on, tat fe pressing the ak’ ttad, lhe moment of speck, othe satin in eich bei laced. Our example of Thankyou hata tis ifthe ite fil we expres eave gti, ‘he Acta aga anata 5 bettie we wnd rae aa Tissot pana iene eect ae fhe eae, every werance we mals contig ins intone Sean of this aude Clty te sper weds tod fpenmitalsrnge ae ao ted wh the aeton of xyeing hn ate; et neato ges dnl ae fea tty fet ae ie och wily ‘ang ln of he manera ply. We any Truth wore «gh ut the mig nde ‘neon w ping get pecon and pl, Bet ha so yt nonaton mies resection he ‘he hn diet he vel srt indeed the ita ilo wok woul ge avery vague inpresion oe toa mesg, Neve ie provide npr ae {eration wich isnt oted nay of he oer tres sf wes, a witout i tial formation thee ‘road be ny moe inprecos and bigs i o {ech han he ieiisiniaih "To exci racy etd hc gap pater cayreasiotalna cay, rte ey pd en at ch fete ae more ofen caved ia tes ann wordy 0 thatthe word a ot ella, tis ey tat wc ae contnty fc and oe mean oft ite ses is aly te the problem feo ‘tng the ret meting eh in iad eva ong bes bo rect metnd of comeigntaon. The Egish ‘peer lars by expe em ext Cldod that ‘fu eked wh th ran fs he bea nd we, ‘te wuld be id pom expla hem. Out tengt ‘merlin he tee meting hich Egih tes cone, wl be fond in Chapter, at et we sow aw the eof Engh a osu ee metid of sbolsig the ich tenet of Egih teas { ‘The mods ina word group donot neces al contbate | sn equ amount of infomation some ae mere apart to ~ | the meaning te tes nd thay depends on he nt | tert rsitation in wich the word group id. 6 Te Act of al natn Consider the sentence Jt was an smasually dark night, As the begenig ofa ty to the athe lat ce edt wal al be pty important I ey show ‘at tht cree wo play or pr spp tat he fit he words were roe by me ote ie dhe la he hear cacy,» unmuaiy dick gt Then the ener woud il poy arpa wy deg. Bt gps tree ere te eae ad ely he fit thee word ered eel andthe remade ot, “ewan In hs ete wl be vital no {nora pied LS than we ae aie the at tree wr al lp pit pcre ad wh ee tee they ipo Bat if the sme setae were wid in raps tthe rein Wht rt of it oar he wor arate ely ‘eld oe sameo fe bese he queone is aely in pono th iran tit might cherie hae sien him. Tati saan here ae only tro importa tori—anualydrk—and they cl be wel aloe a 4 ‘complete answer t0 the question. Going further still, in reply othe questo Was dk lt ih? the sgl ord ‘Sul wold bea temp par fh iran snd ‘ond in ths see be moe impor than al he others ‘ay word inary word poop maybe important othe esting ‘Etec nest, The word ta ba te eit cur empl, bu he vente wee oilman, {stele ar may dak at ib oe he et ‘would be the most important word of all, and indeed the reply ‘ight py be I, oiting he levig word 0 age: wat aig And itis not oaly verbal contests which alter the values of ord ft the spar adhe nee Know ah, fre fit ha nt ber he i nt nes de let nee. For empleo resin Onoda ‘says to Tim Come and stay with we, Tim might then reply I'd Ueto to Ors he word Ord wal tbe ne pratense ith of hm ey ao whee Joa ne nil bthof tek ht Hy ago tae ‘oe Antony als tnt ing tet on Morday, Joho might say on Tuesday Did Hay ps dig te a thse sicameanes joss wuld be important, bat ir dicing tat waldo, eer ti conan knowlege betes thm, Ta the writen lengua the ede i gee left to make up i mind which ae the important words, helped to reser o ter eteat by the sje ofthe athrand by sch bie sialon, spacing andthe li; bu ia spec these words ar specially poate ot vo tht the Lites shal be left nao doce. Woeds ar pointed out by means of vrhat we shall eet The workings of cent, what i and bow it makes words tnd ot wl become clare 8 we spon toamape tne, Upto this print we have ued therm ain very ena ‘a7; we hl now deine it the compete pitch extent of sword group, Tunes ie word groups, may therefore belong or shot, but we shall tat By desing with the shoret pose tun, the found in word groups cresting of ‘ingle moneylabc weed. Belo aze seven example showing erat tunes forthe woed Teo in diferent cote, Tht changes of pitch ae shown gagicly between vo bari el Hs eg te mena gh ad oe it of prea: Woal yo i one uh co? son: Te | A 2 prtmn: How ay snes in it yeux Two A 1 Tedastony fal ction ss vera: Did yu kow Rich at to ws? yonx: Tel dl $n te son: Tw Z ‘am roxas oF woos ox paren Tea {TING ONLY ONE 5 ly goo posts aati cat Joss Fret 7 (6 reran: Ys gotoe te ae yo? sown Twa X 1 Peran: Cn yoslet mere to pout? youn Two rte | fn) e ‘The seven tunes ow Fall: the wice fl during the word fom 4 medium, toaverylow ph, igh Pall the wie fas daring the word fom a igh vo ‘ey lo pitch, the ice fist ies from a fay owt high ith nd then quel flo very low pth. ‘Low Rite: the wore Grog the word fe ow ‘medium pth or ie above, Rie Fal The Aan tags natin 9 High Rise: the wie sie daring the word fom media to high ph the wie in fils from ty high oa ther low pth and then sil wthin the word, ree to median pitch, the vice malting level pth betwen igh sd low, neither sing nr fang. FalbRie: Mite. Ta the examples aor, the word Tsing the oly word in the word group, must nal be important (otherwise thee ‘wold bea pint in ying i) and therefore rented. Now suppose that Joa’ expose was not Teo but Tent. Thi. isstlla word group of single accented word but thee ae ‘ow to ele ised of on, Te Sint of the lables strested esa witha greater general elt than the econd, ‘which tuntresed. Our seen tunes il now bea fallow (God here we use lage dots o represent the teed lib snd sale ots to represent he uostreed sabe}: lowe Tr As ra Toe A. RinFat: Twn. ol == 6 Th Anson Eg neason gh Rie: Fab ia Mibtenls Twat (tig| oe.) oe ‘The smrites with th tertnent of Teo a obvious, bat there are ome ferences hich mst be atid, In the two rising tunes the treed syle is vel in pth and there mn uprard ld there was in Teo but rather a jump fom the pth ofthe reed otha ofthe unstenedslabe in cer word he rite i ot complete before the end af the ord group Inte same way te Fall-Ris spread over the ‘no pls and not completed on thes. Whether oot in the fling tunes, the fl is completed witha the stred sglble depends oo the suture of tat elable: i te freed wove tert end followed by a vies sound (bang wove cord vibaon sd therefore opt here 5 ofen aot tine to complete the fill witha the streed syle, and th ec is ofa jump fom the higher t he lower ph lee, Fr examples iy | Srp 7. rT . ae — fon the other hand, the steed syle conti along vowel or dihthog, or «sor one flowed by a csed ‘he Annoy fags natn 2 uly completed within hat eylible, Foy. igh | went "The Rica maybe sid in te ofthe wo wap shown shore. sow are seven more eal, tte of word groupe coating one inportat word fled by other words hich ace ot inprtt and thereat acted: sound, ten the For example: 2. rere: Wil you bie oe pet, ta? oun Tw, Peet | 45: tan: Dil you ow Rcd haw wre ux: Tine ‘Thine 1 The Antony eps naon «5: eran: Teal gttw psn, mx: Tro, iyo a yee 6 param: You've oto Bate, are un? oun: Tro, joe man Ave 1. Ho maya wy he soa Tp | “Tos exp sow tat shen te ingle ceed wed ified yer words wih not are ch tee enn te pate he i Ta and ery. Tt Ly Pale High Pal ef tie vote he Tot pk ere erp dig te seed jefe acne order tt ile the other athe se word or a ay abe aut allo tee eel Te Rise al Spread ov cdr to tie ail, som are tet per beng smnniy he ence the ice rate helo pith one the send red BE, itera ns pc ng ey oe alving able. Tete Laws aed High Rte teed ibe of te scowl ds el re pc, bth te falnig yal i ep ihr tha the prev oad the fal edn hc oft Low Ro a igh inthe ct of be High is rachel nh lat leo the wed pop. So mir ithe Low adh Fal fmt be empl oot ethno meaty cs 80 Ta Toe Any ef agian 13 follorng the stresedejlable ofthe scented wor, inte ‘Lo and High Rise he isis ot comple un he end of the word group, Lemay be nsoed to tain the ring tu, hen the allah of he word rupted (nd aly then), thea tendeney to slide upeas in pitch daring the sll, whereas thre sno purl tendency in the fai ‘tunes Ia the Fal-Rise the fal ies ple during the stewed syllable ofthe acemted word (or fom tit sylable to the tet) andthe rie takes place on or fom the st steed slab of the wad group. Fo example: 1 at wat fee ino tresed syle following the fill thn there takes place between thet wo splables. For exaple: Foray. | ‘The cases we hve just been discssing ae impartnt because all ans and not merely the with single ace word, taut edn oo ofthe mye dxcrbed above No mater bow longo how sort te word group no mater how anya lao few scented words it contin, the pater of its tne fiom the sresed yale ofthe lst accented word onwards sil caresond to one othr ofthe seven goer pate, Tithe example bebo all he accented word are ilicied and it canbe sea that altough the tunes fer in rains ys the endings conform tothe patterns already hid dow, Low Fl eg: Unt be ctl esa 14 The Aono gh nase igh al es Wat nent yon tha, Pete | ry Rin eg: gute ae sith yo, ny deep. | 7 afte Lee Bi eighth tomate hate with ————__s*— ‘gh ied Te ot a, yo] Fab inning: dnt heer hat woul be ny pod On ate Mit ed n:nat lite rath st (bere) 1, he, we knowin geen ters what tne we wish we insayng tay word group, endif we an ie te stresed syllable ofthe hast aeated word, we now know the exact ter ofthe ane’ ending, Cle the steed lable of the at accented word i andack ofthe highest imgost- sce, ad it ton thi spl thatthe whole tune ents. ‘Thi lable called th male f the tne and alleles The Asya Ientn 1g Soong the mes are eed th tl out et example shove the nucle isa andthe tl oss of the mods ati ‘The ing, lig orev tun endings wich te pla on the males rst rom tare own acer tn hee sre seven of tee aula toes corespdig to the seven tune endings aady deed. The lst accented word nde to standout by a comizaton of sess andthe pitch featur ofthe ucla on, By dfnition there an Be 20, scczated word inthe al hgh thee maybe treed wed ‘nt ase lat seven examples show. of, in oder to give a fly compete pcre ofthe ‘nation of ur enpe, we ave sed a apie method of lage and anal do. e's more onesie i pric 0 we ashore and more econo mend of marking the ‘ntnaton. Ti consits of plang «sige sel iedi- anly bre th mule onde the muckar toe; tia symbol tls us, by is poston andi shape, which able ‘sthenucuscfte tune and whichof the seven maineadings itobeued. Loe Pal: lel? igh Pat: 3 Rival: TBs pele Leelee Li TPAHEk VER TY f RIF LI8 bl 1 The Aso ogi ntoson igh iez Tra “Toy. é oy rabies “Tm “Tv. Mites "Te, TT. ee oF ‘Thee engl show that untesed lables nthe tal Bare separate symbol Hone, 2 we have aad exhine, theta an inde steed pels cruringin words which ‘ee notacesed andthe htm of Engh pec, whichis ‘Gara and ingoract prt of depends on all te ‘deed slab in the word group, no just thee in the crated wots, beg made to aca at apposite xual foterals of tine, Sti ees forte sadect to know al tf the spas whic are eee and oot jut thot which ‘ect inazented words, To ark the steed yen the tal the degre sig wed, Placed lw itndeats hat the felling stewed slab hs, or begs on, te met pitch level: Ped igh ] itindetes any steed spl ofthe tal hich higher than the owes ih, aw Puls Tv, Be, See gh Ras To, ru ily ok Ta Ri Fal: oi ‘We no the seven main ndings at tne my ae bat ptonow we hve considered ol word group witha sige sce wd he gg of pony New tt ander word rps cnaing weds ad pbs ‘fre te mse covet ide the rena pater (ett prt fe tae preci the tls) ito opr th head ad read The Bnd ogi with reel ell ofthe Sint aceted word (foe ick) ad nd ie famed preceding uk th ped eos fn alae blore the yale of the St acted or. In he exagea Below, ceted word ar ain ied 1 The aso fg naan 1 Tansy da ie as Petal Had Nas "The head begin with he steed pile of wal, hat 4s the second spb, and ends wit dark the st slabe efor hemes, wich is gt. Notice tt he et (ne seed) lable of uel belong th pre-e, topetier vith the ft three word ofthe word group which az all Usted a Wes ft wo ‘ad Noses ere the bead consists of single pale and there iso pre= bead since there are o syle efor the ead. » oval are had yl, anaes Probad Nockw Ta inthis cs theres no bra sine theres oly oe arented ‘ord and that must of enue be the mals, So the pre> ead and the bed may onc togethror separ, they may not be present tal ifthe ces sth ft ble of ord group; bat the aus ila preset in every com plete tne ‘hae ar for iret ype ea the ed the gh ea he ling ad ad ing bad. Inthe ow ead, which in hiebook occur only Before the Low Ris car tng al the sylbes ae sid onthe same lew pitch the begining ofthe Low Rs. For example: Sima cme go. Os osered The Aono Eg aon 1p ‘The important (alse) words are szatd by meen of stem alone with no lp fom pitch features ofthe kind rmenoned in dealing with the acentation of te node word (9.19) Words whic re not acented donot bear ats. Foreamplet Dost yu set ht Pebecee el In this empl the stress wich igh be bead in ther ixcunstocs on the second splabls of youre and alt ‘ne suprene, andthe four coneute utstreted gpa ane all id moe quickly aa real ‘Th low bead semble by placing the mak before i hats before theft steed slsbe ofthe bead. a some ward groupe here sony one acented word inthe ead and oth ithe only mat sed, For exaple: Dotte pil. ose overs i er ae te acted wd within te Bead thi eed ls re pred by ew pling tise hoving very low pith. Untted libs et ‘unaied. ote oer ew exapli sbre rea flow: Sonic's ee ong fom, {Doe' ups youl st fat Inthe igh ea lhe yes are sid onthe nent ‘igh pitch. For example: iy it yo ted eyo elt cod iceecieee 6 The Ants agi tnt Aces agunndated by res alone, ud words which arene scented donot bear sees. For example: Play fpr ely xe, wee egy inthis empl the words fol and rally are ct ett be ‘portato no yal in ter wad ears astresbease such aetree wool inde sent "Th igh had is spmbolsed by placing the mar] before it Ina sentence the flowing there only oe scented ‘ordi the head an hs is the only mack wed: "aa gi o tere ae other scented words in the head they hae [1 Tefore tvs treed lable, The other tro eagles ote read flloms "hy i oe ele you me? "Peay of pleat ely exe. Tn thi book the igh ad ecu befor all nar tats excep the Fall Rie tae. "The et aplbl ofthe ling bea is rer igh in pitch and ay fling elables gaa cary the pitch lower For example: Boop hand wet tine In this oak the filing head ous only before the Fall Rise oucear one an the last elle of the hed is mays ‘Toe Antony fala anti te ne i eb tia wise ee ag ae ak my a4 Tey ig all ee sone ee tied eet SSS Shope chur ev ered ra i Faeainunceisitadsan Fedletiecce tins “Brean bund ot matine "Dow i ing hadi the opps ofthe fling bead: nt syle a low in pitch and any falling elles gradual cay the pth higher. For example os ou mae tat? Ta ths book the Fog end crural ere he High leer ton ad heated tn the being ofthe High Fl hres ony oe glen the ed hat ile lo ad ere For example: Dov peti. aA, ‘The ombl for the rising ead i [] peed belo the steed yale of theft acted word in the head, The 2 The Ant of ogi Iain stresed sible of any ote acented word inthe bed it ruked with (1. So the examples bore ea fallow: Bow you Yuna do a? ‘Dost pa Be. The peed ofan coi fl be lables wc oe cole th sees lie ofthe fn scat word, tar Sela yl the auc o begining of eed. There a mo types of peel, he oe pol sad the Jig read AL the elles inthe lw pr-bead are sa onthe sare tater ow pth, For example Temata nual dar ple, ee seve 4 ‘This pitch i nt usually 40 Tow a8 tat of al fling clear tone, butt muse never be higher than the staring pith ofthe steed sible ofthe fit acented word Before the Low Fal the High Pal the ise-Pal he Hig Ris, the FallRk andthe Mi-Lerel tones it mate fover thn the starting pth ofthe aus; and before the high hed and the fling bead it must be lowe than th inl pitch ofthe dad. For example: Laval: Yosef ah Heh Fat: I varatuol, sok he Aen of Eg Leen 15 wal: Oh db yoink? i FebRins Yoo bela a Mite gh a: olin Heads Wmuan epson rit. ‘Before the Law Rt tbe ow head andthe ring hed the low prehedison the sme ich evel asthe tar of there othe head For eampe ow Bie; Yonsei td 4 The Anatomy of ala tania aw Had: —Yosteing ry omar tseed iig Has: Tren ben tein fe Before the igh, filing an ring Beads the low pr-head ray contin stesed elle, but thee ae not to be cone sidered accented, Fr example: igh tad: Tea man wa prey ile Folin Het: Tee ake sony er sees 4 iig Hea: Joba il lig of et Tei uaa for auch tues t be weakened if not whelly suppres Usted oben the low pre-bead ae not marked at all any unre yas atthe begining af award group ae therefore taken to belong to the low prekead. Steed syllable in the ow prea, i they orn re marked by leig the jbl] emmedataly ble the. Te fallow Fngesample are tho completely mak the Tease ese “oe. ‘The oan wa pert ih. ‘The Aasmy Dag atonatn 15 on aca rms Tn the high pres all the lables ae sid onthe sme aly high ich For example at yo cat do tht “The hh prea i ner ey ng dy ening sue gt ote tle ein er os Seo ta te ped The igh ped ee High Fl dont ane git wh ong of Ue fal Fe ena: Yousietl — Teeaonazing! ‘efoe any other mcr toe o any bead the igh pre ‘ead isan a pc bigher than the beging ofthe steed ylablofthe flowing accented word, For example Law Fal: Teche Biel: igh Bis 6 The Anon eB eoaton Pub Rie: Mites Lew Ht igh Ha: aig Hd: ig ad ‘Swed spllbles may oor in high pr-eads before the lew ling and eiing beds, For example: rw cad: Yohannan tempos, motany pan Right Taleeheyaen a te ee Asie the ce withthe ow pechad, these stress ae wuly ssppreed. [rhe Sia sable of tghpre-ead is steve, ain he fit example, the mak (placed befor it ‘Yon ms pty ving to gmp, Any following unmaed elas ae to bes on the sre igh ee pith 1 the it elie of igh pre-bed is unsresed, on theother to example sbve, the aol ~}is ped before i and any fllovig srs eb in the pre-bead it snaked wit: The hei ey pes ~The in es ly pc Tr there is noses lable inthe high preven, the symbol [~] belo the ist sylale inate tha ll lables between this mark and he filing toe mak blog to the ‘gh eta Oi eumpla ge hws omy 18 Te Aan oop atnnton tern. “Hees etry ing “Tea be ated Hee te gue “ap. Buty sda go the yy ‘A the tunes we hiv dt with upto now have coined ‘ony ove user fone thee ae ced single tne, and the rjriyof tunes in English ae of tind. Hove, there is oe very import ie whch consis tro mula oes, td thi i eal a compound fae, I costs basally of « Tigh Fall lone bya Law Rie, For example: ite tent ‘Weve Yay Yo waist game "No-ane ies te tte fr gre, ‘The High Fall may be preceded by a hgh bea if thee are ‘portant, acento words before it. Poe ample: aber ele "Brey they we ry on go ome. ‘abc -ne ike tbe be or granted. very lb between the High Fall and the Low Rises. on slow pie, Ione of thee lor slabs is sts, the word in which i ora in rmoguited a being scented ad im att othe meaning. "This compouad Fal pls Rie tne may be ey snc to some fore ofthe sgle tne cotining the False cn toe; uta we shall sein Capt Tl, he two tues ane very ferent init meanings. Soi sacar to esp ‘hem spate. The ist example above ie cholate repre sents a prtern ie eos The Astmy of Eglin op But so too dos the notation J “eluate. So there may be difeence of pater betwen te two tunes. Yet there sy be cen diferenes Between them wich ii wrth whl pooting out, Noi inthe Sit pe that if te lad The ia ich bth neuro the ame worden we ac deling vith the simple Fall Rise tne, The Fall andthe Rise ofthe compound tune ae always deret words. Als ifthe rie in pc takes ple onan unstresed slab, we ae agin ean wit the ciple toe, ace the isin the compound tune always attached toasted lable othe form eit Wy nt represent ei eae iis nstesed, "The are troublesome cn ar the in which he land the rie ak plc on diferent words andthe ries atached toastesed slab For eampe My mah was orn in tei, 4 : ut even inthe cae there may be me indatios a 0 wheter we ae dealing with simple o compound tne: {Tn the mpd tune the fall on mater fee has a vider age than the siple tne: itstarts on higher pitch than thesipleFall-Riean al to Ione one. 2 Inthe simple tune the eplable fer the fill ofen ‘ravaly rie ne afer the othe, nthe compound tne they ‘lye emain tthe lowet evel unl the al ie. 4; In the imple tune all the urea he ill maybe weakened ot indeed upped ager; nthe compound ‘une this does ot happen, alte of the difeences are operating the pte of the enple nd nmpound tne wil ook Eke this! 1 The Aono gh Iain My ter at arin Shel | hot ot my ate) My other eran She (eat ineeng?) Bathe dferencs ste nt soap peating; the stress afte il maybe pee n bot anes; the sable ae the fal in the simple one may aot tart rng imei, tod it may ot be ose oll whee th rage of te ll, is wider or note wide Yet because ofthe diferent attines that the moras conve Bell t ding hem in swat Fr example: tse Ja | en iis e) Miyata bets, | ee) Toe yn beat coms | own ifs bt Tipe yt ait me | (aly) lithe FlL Ror he cmound al ps Rise ar ee ceded by aes, the irene betwen the totes made dear, brane i ths kth Fal ie ara stealing ead foe, andthe al hs ie ava asthe igh ead ‘afr it For example: My “her sol “oie wee om in Sil, My aber nd ote wee dom in Shel The Asin of agi Itai 32 Te ny be weft this pitt consider fe he rebaton ‘betwen stress and acet and the way in which er sotation shows thee atures. ‘ie have seen (5) hat word are acented when they ‘av inparant to de measing in parr situation and not scented when they ae not especialy import. All the toe ‘mars which indict the four types of hed and the seen nucle toc how ht the ward o which ay oe of them tached is acente, Son th exalt Tears fi, “Tren gee pa stan ay ed Teva ing ta the wore rnb fot, mtr, tiny bed snd ride eal acento mart sho. Bat ow do we rnp tat they ne acct hen we eat then? Fy, ch of he cons ese pi, nd thee aly eey acted word mn ry 4 sem Baan ane des nt nese ace nh it ‘two examples, Andrew is stressed but not accented, forming the ow prendre steed, et ok deren igh tafe tne ich wel res i nwt a he ecg of ren. Al te ck tet Aare ene of ph ep ich ew stein ich nd is coveeat tet cohibed wih he ray alee eget mace. Aso bead, itis thr gener pitch ape, combined wih tres, ich ind eet Ia Wate a ‘we know tat What is acct bess itis sessed and high in pitch before he High Fal In ‘Dow we recosse Dt aceted bree ofits low pth and tet [a Seo this meade, 1 The Aony ogi nana the sts on Sed a he easing ofthe rig eeaence rns cented df “Note vil tor ehh sts giaigo he ling seen sr Nowe sented. ‘Sometimes a jump in pitch to the beginning of the head ep wade act Fo eal a “Yes, mst. herp dain pic ome igh ned (ad there hr) Yor tthe aw, seed ma ik jap i th rc ar rca of te i sm Sly in ‘You ed ve "ar i “onda, the ng from the low pth ofthe peed othe sted spl athe begining ef head aes Berd dct ewtl, Bu this des not lay happen and the fect shape of th ed High ot Low, Rag ot Fling, fod the soe acd with whieh mally els ope scent “This ne of acne iin the ad a wel athe be sing oft. For eam "Tee "eae "ne tem yy fori, A three of the streses in the high Bead mark accented ‘mods; and tis appli to th others heads aswel For example ‘You weeny ving to ep h gt ‘Wyn “ath you Sat do a? ‘ln perl wld pep“. 1 these amples ll the stress ofthe hens chow scent, tnd all che areed ward are therefore recogased im partant pars ofeach mewe, Inthe compound Fall pus Rise tue stresed alas be ‘oe Antony of aga tata 3 ‘ven the Fal and he Rise also mark actted word, For example fa Tih ler ofthe git ove ul athe en, the worl adic ee cet by the st aa theism pch ovens, het ely, fi ad sed sacred yor dae ‘We ean sup the satin with rept ascent a fal 1 Any stowed slile suited wih + mar tse hom ace ‘2 Any stressed syllable in any head shows accent 5 Any teed ays teen he eat sa Fl pts Re ne show sot. oe -— the emblem (oC ‘Other accent in the head are marked by [if thee pitch Toy ain thw esa by [ft mat ow inthe thr thre ea Inthe eomprd Fl le Ri tne the text betwen the Flan th Rion low pth ed [decor ted mk he. eyo pein ce Sones at wen ey ‘a, they donde oat Sate gl re ug hin ‘ering Law, ‘Pepe woe tat “Pee jou i "Bow youre, “aig (and [do not mar cent, Bea they appear ony in rebead ora, There is o diay anu tess in tals, lace by dein the nusear tone crue onthe lt i Porat word in te word group; tht is therfore the tt ‘ecented word and aay flowing steer cannot indie scent, Once the nucleus has been dented by is itch be> ‘not, any flowing stress cn be ignore fo acetpur~ ge hh ot hil pp ne 134 The Anson og Inoaica However, we must lok ite more closely a stress in prebade fa the campleaore ve ght eng Jaw, theft dee eas ae on 4 fw pitch sd tag is steed ose tae helen retain soe ‘hi could be he heiaig ofa low had, in which cae the ses on fat woul give i scent, What ls uth i is sot prt of ow head i what appes aferards. A lw tad woul continue an low pitch right upto the mace tone, but in car example evrything Tis sid on igh pic, and everything basa ses. Ths cn only be igh head and ‘thecfre what comes before it mat be a low peed. In ‘ter words, before we can decide whether the preaclest pater of a word groupe taught hi ecrythg Tin our exanple—conssts of ead ane, or preted alone, 8 n ‘this ee, both pre-ead and ead we must consider the re- rca pater a whol I the pre-ncar pater cutis rostreses, thei of nurse no problem: it consis of pre= ‘ad only, Since esd meas at let oe pre-mulear ares, ‘Sina, when th re-aucle pater sow onl ane str, the dcion is sinpl: the snl stress mars the begining fa ead and shove accent and any ustrewed syle ‘ae that tes wil of coure bea peed Bt when, a8 in the above example, the pre-aucler puter incide more than one tes it mst be viewed a whol. Only then xn we decide wheter al he pr-user ates fl within the head and ae therefore all accents; or whether, He tht of ‘expt sore, the ist of the pre-e seen pre-hesd sal contain more than ooestreae—forne pat of «pre head ands is ot ob considered an acet. "The othr exrpeabore ‘he Anny Bash ats 3 ‘Pople at ‘isto steses in ts pre-oeclear pattern and hows exactly the sme proms. Peoples sues and on high pitch it aight, therfore, be de beginning of x high heads but the lowpitched elles which follow and the sess on wot sale ths impose, and we are forced t interpret Pople 1 high prea cotinig a tress and what fllom a ow bead nly, comider the follwing exp: Aten waste ee be ett ‘Th ow ph of he rtf ‘nud quite wel be the beginning te teplblesdo ot stay om, they would in alow head: ‘nthe contr they rie, So Be steed ue must be the ‘egianing of sng heal beforeit must be alow pr-bead andthe ted Andre not nacsent, Nate the dieence fon Ander was ye ace i, wee Tn his cathe gradual rn in pitch start rg a the be Fin ofthe tan; othe ing head star with Andes, te Sess on Ane nates acent, and there so pr-ba Tn pre-heads and tis we wen [] gi, but om they snark stresedsylales nd do onde een, Once more [os ed when he pitch sow, tai, nthe low pe-head ‘din tal healing ucts; and (is wed when the pitch i mt low, hat in he high preead and in tal flowing the Low Rise and High Rise near tos, Ia the ‘aoa PallRiemuceartoo, for example in The Antony Eg noaon os ind, El "Peron ay wee oi hese he vdentaig at te ea oe tks ple, begs, et (ak ‘Thc ae cn ain wich sword og cn set and me, orem a pay means of pitch, Compare for instance Tafel wih “Tefal ‘The of te igh preea inthe cand exp ge# lnc te wk word rpc pe than Satan ye campy wh pee, Ti is ao quinoa, wich tale wert rhe empl ich fa wl werd on ih ‘Gnopls Tieton nd the high prea dnt male Thad ot importa wor ‘atid incanbintn with ow al toe te sol tree mre mat, more cmp he kaon mak get Th north kg ith oft igh prc cnt th wit yh meena ‘Given; 90 ~The fol sounds quite emphatic because of the Eft beter teh ich Te ad he much lover ih th egg ef fa a hehe bed “Ti Yo Soest ond epi bese fhe ak of emia Bete te hight Te and he igh ph he be fhnng of fo. Other ep soing snderle en Pla ne list ae “You jean't do shat. “Tn hoe The Amen ef Eg atin 3p | ap de bod fetta a aa malig cp aged ese tnonedwed aap capa dence te example: ag tae at id oT a "Ths dod eae ise we ep S.C ‘this emphatic treatment of the high bead by repeating the ‘head mark ["] at each stress: 1p ate da ‘isabel se Rar i od ned nly nai yc eth eile ital Ue ge tie Sng od Pre You cart expect me told or band, 1 te ae no unstved ls teary the fil he sted psd ems, For camp: 1 dat ra beeve at teat We indzat ha emphatic treatment ofthe fling be by ain epeating the bad mk [before each esd sable; 19 our two example ae marked fl: 18 The sony ogi natn You "art eect me "ol your “and Tt ay bi “at ‘This maybe refed oa he eipati iling bead o the Sliig Heed. "The sng bead is emphases: thee i series of hs oe fom each ste ised of the single tie, For caample: ‘Wyo ea ou ato at? +. ° If tee are no unstressed syle to cary the res, the steed apa do themes, For example Join singly bari od Again this treatment a show by repeating the bead mak] at each stret 0 ou examples rad allows: {Nhe ot do a? “i ny at eri "Ths be reed ate emp ing had oh Cink Hc. en eater emp an ded by bving ig all treated lei te This bre ‘final High Fall or Fall-Rise nuclear tone, For example: “Fy gone ening ot Iwata tat eer ‘Thema frm will i tiles he filo ing chapters, There are others, such as changes of pitch renge sede we of ie weg, wih we byod ‘ope ofthis bok; but th exitene sold be bare in nnd and Ssteed for, ‘ONE GROUS ‘oe Arty ofa Tatton 3 A simple tune may havea low pre-ead,ahigh pre-bead or 20 pretead al itmay ave one of he for diferent nds of head or no head a al; and it wil hare one of the seven rude tones (nth o toa the aproeite al) fevery cneof these parts ofa tue can be combined with every thet pt the ttl numberof bai pitch puters will be 105, itoot even considering comprand tune, Bat it i not ecesry to del with 10 or ore diferet unis fer emo 1. Some of the pteras cosa very much more feguetly snd wih euch wider anus he ther tention mutt be concent, teas fora tine, on he commonest ass, ‘2, Sone pater which ace dfrent have diferences of seaming 0 ag tat they would be very dif t ine in any ery Belpolvay,Indoed some pterea which ae diferent have eal these meaning oar 2 th into tion ie concraed, This the cake withthe tno eagles alow: "olnw e ‘Ba on ws ie ‘The ies bree hoo tunes i cry erst i iy pitched uss yale the being of he tenn example ich ant in the Seba ren oe fsa of pick eat eal, eth meng or at ny rat that ut of wich the inosine zac haan in thes a tis mening Which the really important factor, we can usefully group together any fans wich nan bial te wune Such oui of tune all comping the tate aitade onthe pre of he ‘paki cal «Toe Gr, Dees epesing he une ‘find, etn ins tne pips ave oe moe ish Tea inom, halogen makes cee. fous toe ogi ned and dingo all er toa ape bot bythe ede ame ad etch eas of ne Tai boa en oe pupa re ered and pried, 4 Th Any ogi ieaice Bach has bea given «maemons a name which wll serv 9 rend the earet of tome olf the pth tars inthe ‘te group by eve for im some cormonplaeeturton: 1 The Loz Drop: iagie 2 sal cil, standing onthe ‘tom ur nd then jumping down othe font ofthe state cae: Low Pall. 2 The High Drop: now inagie » parachutist descending oom a reat height nd Sly landing: gh Fal, 3 The TahoOff: your pln tas along the runway at speed: Low Pre-ad and Low Hd, Then Slit beget Be into he ais Law Rie, 44 The Lo Bowe: St you bold a bal at ara’ gt high inthe i: High Head Theo, when you have howe ito the ground it rebounds it the ais Low Bi The Switlbcks now you ae enjoying tse onthe svichbuc at ful, It ae you down: Falisg Head, Ten ‘up and down and up sui: Fal Ri, 6 The Lan mp: nai ou ae atthe Olympic Gams ‘You watch the log jumper runang lng te tack: a Pre- a, He hen hits the bord and bis epcarice im owards sad upwards: sig Head, And aly he flint the and it gh Fal, 7 The Hig Bounce you abot o ake a wining sath st alee, You it the ball hard shoud igh: High “Head. Then the bal bounces up fo he sa ofthe tbl, ome ft above the for gh Rie. 8 The acing he svimming pol you atch sight of springboard diver inthe idl of i jc div. He Sen bl ened et oh pig he ater: Bie Pal. 19 The High Dive: then you watch the primer make his ve rom he igh bse, He plunges in: High Fall. He ds appears fora seond and then es tothe sre sain further hava the pol: Lew Rie. 0 The Teac: no back at your bod you oe fll ‘soe walk aco the trae High Hed. then descends tothe reeguden oven the river Mid Lee. ‘Now follows the pectin ofl the pitch fentaresfound sa Tn rome ‘Tee Anan of Fai Itntin 42 inthe tne ofeach of thee tone goog, Items ead in Sackew maybe preset or abet; unbaked ters mast be preset, Tai ce not mentioned sae tie presence of sence ever acs the intotion mening. Emphite fens th tone goupsare listed separately. This merely male the preenttion clare. It dos wot imply any ference of tide betwen the emphatic and umpc tnes of any one tone group; and the atiuies debe in Chapter Tl ‘ply wheter tunes ae empha tat. 4 THE Low pio (Low Prebead+) (High Hed-+) Lov Fal By, Ne Nebo, Igo ee Ata Jor, "Sit diem I'd ee ‘Why dct you "kwh yx ing? (Low Prehed Haat a. 2g, No Spades. "What a? 1 Mie i inked. He Hoes’ “ly Yaow te 3 7m rarer (Low Mchua}) (Low Ha) law Rise Bg No, Sometime. [ik ‘Dost ry ate Te ot a, ‘Nobu’ going to ate ita ou, (Low Prebead+) High Heads Low Rise 447m Low nocnce High Presead Low Rise Bg. ‘What's shud yao abe ie. ‘Wl yo be eying Je, Tony? “Tso ‘eng "ete? “Hl. 4 Tee Antony of Eg tentn 7m swrremuce. (Low Pre-head+) (Fling Head +) Rub Rise Bg. “Ne Poni. "Sone pple cn it Youcan “ey. Noone watt“: yout. TH nly gen of "ney, yon Jo, 6mm tone your (Low Prehea+) Rising Head + High Fat ig. sTryite'pia, You sist wk ne ‘How oa ear id they “manage et? Wl, gaa ure it ero, he? 11m mon voces (Law Preesd+) (igh Head +) gh Rise Bg. Sop Is tithe oe yoo ean? ‘You thik eo Why dn Twi the tery, i yo ey? Simm pone (Low Preheat) (High Head +) Rie-Fall “Na ein “Lo oe do even 1 pin wed ee Tea tay ite ot 7m mou ome (Low Pra) (High e+) High Falls(Low Acset+) Low Rie Bg. Voter wae int ‘Mot pple le fa Ye, Iu i aw fae. "Gang by Need would te iis. "Theol mint a en oigoges an Tx rou Tou Antony fags aonatin ora ramice (Law Pree +) (High Head) Mi-Level Bg. "Thal (Lento fra ale) >Aie ene] (Sod nice) (oval | (mt ino tin) We se you eit | (wl hae ik) "Wie i yo "youre (a im bout i) 1 mum Low paop——-High Pre-hel + (High Head +) Low Fal (Protea) Stepping Head + Low Fall Bg, “Toe bell “Tid od ig on he wit oe png “Te Be Wa a 2m mou oe ‘High Peed (igh Hed 4) High Fa (Prete) Sepig Heal + igs Fat (Creheads) High Fale) Hig Bll 2g. “Pesta, “They ot ety ei ‘yay ae va “Fn ape ang a. jim tuzor High reba -Low Hel} Lom ise 2g, “Wa tee mich fw oti “Bay ia ne ma ig “We ig iho 4 The Ast of Ei en 47H Low nonce High Prebead High Head Tow Rie (Prekead+) Supping Head + Tow Rise Bg, Toe wot age, "Ought mete ook in arse? “Come wher ou el you'd en, ur smmenmacx High Pre-hend+ (Falling Head +) Fale (Preheat +) Siting Head Fal Rise (Prehen+}) High Fale) + Fall Rie 12g, “Weaball be“ We fr the ie“. ‘Youve set "opp. evusan oie le "pry, 6 rer Lowe pn ‘High Precead + Ring Head + High Fal (Prehead+) Climbing Head + High Fal Bg, Bail oyu to od, Mayo gat dyn you oa? pap ly er 771mm mon woot High Protead + (igh Hed) ‘High Rise (rebead-+) Sepping Head High Ree “he Anny alah Innate 4 2g. “Diy ‘se You ‘hare se teagan? Would you nin if be ome on “ater? Sm mere ‘High Probend 4 (High Hed) Rota (Creed) Stepping Head ial 2g, “Of "ene! “Bt ey El? Tether ‘ay te belie hat? Wel preted yo ‘don “ao tim, tum acm oe High Precbead + (High Head) High Pal (Low Acces +) Low Rie (Prehed-+) Stepping Heads. High Fal+ (Low Accents +) Lam Tae ag, Te ae ald ey on yo. iy tea aor cme Bi Wal Jou and "Tin “Bae we he gost ly 0 “hp. rom vemice High Prose + (ih Hexd+) Mid-Lenl Creked-}) Stepping Head Mid-Lerd Bg. “Una, | ete) ; omer kt ea | Gt cy nwt) ere ke of ace and ut | Gent ed be ‘wv II Intonation and Meaning Ith tensa printed ot ed igh, hat oe rp iste exe wih iso Baten peg, stent andthe ean ala ht oo eens pe aay ‘ues the wef one and alone tee ou. Av one caunpe itu be ute unre Wat tec ving the for of qtion asad with th Low Bounce ‘What ite though, is tht se etre epee nore ‘yo awit one tae gop with any oe mre ero quay for itt, aed wih the Low Boee than with any the toe rap In these on an pa ura une icp ec nd war fis aps we wl anton ae illoing pages Badly speting were any sexence type can be ned wih any pee. Tn this chapter we sl eonsier the efit of a en tone ‘gouge in acini ech af Seman cence tps alent, hein ating intereave werds ich ‘yah ch, eb, ee) ego ne asec by Je or) command aad tion and we hal ty lin eer sep te cotibutin Wich the tone group ‘kato the tal eng of th wad gop. Te fi se teoe yes ae, and meat tb, ery mean a es celine dwell natty define at then They wil ingly provide expla of he wong of intone dee wate sees ‘Thiimpi seperation fietonton aden stare ism anil peda wih Brug jul an ito teaching ad lexing, bt slould Be remembered tht in ey that part of he speakers meting wich s ssuned te cared by the sucire ofthe seatnce— ods and werd ordeand ht pr ied intention sre ele tte to form the tal mening of te terme at purr ine ad ina para conte, Hover, he se gis sk ney dnd eae enorme Teeth Menag 47 meaning of Engh words though no the sl of ntonaton; othe separatize can and does exis fr hi, and co ‘reset make we of thin what ellos, ‘So this hapterprovide a descrip ofthe aide cone veyed by the diferent tone grops in asociton with te rious etee types, Tis dex ada business ‘ecase it involres sg words to sugpst eect which are sal achieved by intonation. This means tit words alone donot leas ge aver cert impression ofthe atinde covey yet enough an be done to produce a bas fr the farther deeopment ofthe student’ comprebesoa which vel be tacked in Chapters 0, IV and V. The Ten Tone Groups The Low Drop | Al teat aos wih oe gos contig alg {cea tes (he Law Dip te ih ep he Long Jump ‘and the Jackdnife) sound definite and compete in the sense tht the ker withthe te ead pte ens efit Focal we Hema | dot dee | ‘eating ach of te teat oben com- tend ep iteesing en of he may s ewe sd toe | ya Kling tet ng it single, compte ico nth ane ry eal te inti ken {bs compl nana ditt Lax Dp he er sans ‘ou en tee, oe | ail ‘Youcen ‘edit ms, eee er | rae eho. 1 neta Messing ‘The we of he Low Drop for the at word group in each of these examples mls thatthe ti realy compet that there ae no abe pat, Te ee Low Drop bas na head it tpicaly conveys dale ren, a lak of iealeenent inthe sation, Thi may be varouly interpreted as (cen, dipenimatney, rare, Jalines, and psbly ries or sr the pr of the speaker, y Examples (ame sin Weer on, Howolseyo Trane Ocwpt atop site Dion in taf? ey | Tyo Dyetienpe Tal (Arnot You've got pinto yor gat Youle fo Tmt 2 (9 Coes Tregte suk Tea ble, prone! him mhing. — Teboud te not ined. YouengotoBlna, 6 ta aw yo dent Te the High Drop were wed ina ofthe Low Drop for thee eranpl, with he gh Fall mela toe ter an the Low Fl the spear wld wend ch es decd, ‘ch oranda he sain, Tnermpe cough est fhe Low Drop a of very conser oer and tet ination tothe Celts ad completeness meted ble, This owe ‘ay lend ite to wens of ator, wey, ada, cowie in, etn ad Bsing 49 (9 Asm guts Areyourun? "hil in, ‘Wl Tao spy eng, Ct we downing? You mut be ptr. (ments Hes the pdt man om, Texte ew yo. ope it bea sn you, ‘histone group iscommualy used to give weight to peso of both appro and sapprova ofboth eth semandinpatinc, eas ‘Wy ile di? The the ghd, ‘Vic ast ed evan ipl. Wariaia? Tews pete dei, ow do Tis? ‘Abels. Wake ot Dip ee un nr ‘mt, wg eas of he port tt the tt pomp tures Ts poet mayan welt cles bok Appr sppon ‘Nowhere did py pet "Why id ood sacha sup hig? "How cn Tak you? "Wit yet oun nk? ‘Why ok where ot gig? ‘Ez power an be conveyed by hve quo ifthe apc Sint acrotd, ahr tan the iterative word, ow ead you beso i How an ask yo? Tt ad Monsng ‘The geen efit i end such queions an exclamatory si, sf he speaker were aig tht he cxld not Bint think howto answer is oa quinn, TE the Low Fall cus on the omerd, ain ngle-ord qustios or in looge questions with ealy the whoord ected the tude sapien of tachment ad they often, sound fat or nsympate, even hile, Baan Gotaay ct? Wo Trefeandewy todoit, Yow? Samet tl pew el ea, Wo wl yout ned reborn thee fen, When ae you gente? ‘he we ofthe High Fall instead of the Low Fal in sch cezampls mks the questions sound alogeter more itt- ‘eed and mare exncered. ‘Aa we ave ey a th mat cmon ay of king seoto ques i wih the Law Baan, Wen Be Lom Drops edhe quo pt ow a arise ton oa jet for apn dc, Wal cals’ ne oro ones? ‘Wand you per. hac ‘shall ne pastpnet Tuedg? ‘The Low Drop sso used when we are tying to esp sonence the point, make him ie astaght tame 0 sagt question. Bat iyo eH on Sunday? "Wy be hey it? Questions begining with ‘Wil you... are more often than oat imperties, and very song ones that. leet ad Seng 1 Beanples "Wa you be uit ‘Wily "ep pseng et Te would be a bol ld who would dare to answer either vest! ‘With negative questions of thi kind the Low Drop gives a pry exchmatoy eft. "ai ond "He thy al ous fat "Wale you "hk te do wemething ant itt Sind, "Wald you belie ts etely exces. Extra exchutry fers can be obtined by plcing the scat tae onthe speci fit. ti onde ‘ety ey at (Dida ty sae a ys ft In alerntive questions te Low Drop is sed to mark he las ofthe posit, the previous ont baring tone groups ‘wih ing mucearone, “nd yo oe “Have you nen Jn | ot 5s be “etl may? "Th illin thet word group implies that thee are the only posses, For ques eat nd Meat Examples Te Rent | ct “Thebes |e er? oop aghmed eyo | ht ya? Cucina wel indent some 02 Senet bye eee Lov Doped iether crue eve ee ek of tet ot ety. Tre jtame bce fom ati, ave oe? Jobe ama yur cartes. Did? (2% Bek at wed rah men, he pr) \ sounds interested and net bot ta. comune ‘The power ofthe Low Drops very evilet wih commands. "The sound ery sina and wry ony. Te oper spears to uke it for gated that bis words wil be bared ht be vl be obeyed, ans ‘Cee a ae a wih ‘Try the ker dep. ‘Now eit ol. oer ak be ci "Dante ins. "This tone pou is parclaly common with commands

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