25/09/2013

Ti sao thng 2 ch c 28 ngy? - gc KIN THC

gc KIN THC
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Ti sao thng 2 ch c 28 ngy?

Thin vn
V tr
l en
mt tri
mt trng
nhng v sao
Tri t
Thi gian
Dng lch
ng h
Hng s
Nng lng

o thi gian ngi ta phi tm ra mt

Nc
tri t

hin tng t nhin no lp i lp li u n theo 1 chu k nht nh lm n v

lch s

Mt ngy (ngy v m): l 1 vng quay tri t t xoay quanh mnh m ngi trn tri

Cu to
Kh quyn

t "thy" c nh vo s xut hin ca mt tri pha ng v cui ngy chm mt

a chn

pha ty.

su tm

Mt thng (theo con trng). l 1 vng quay ca mt trng quanh tri t, biu hin trng
xut hin li lim v y n.

Ti sao

Mt nm: Biu hin s thay i thi tit trong nm vi 4 ma Xun, H, Thu, ng r rt

mu sc

v sau lp li

Danh nhn
Timeline
1651-1865
1866-1925

Hin tng t nhin mang tnh chu k r rng nht sau ngy m, l con trng. C mi thng
mt trng u n khuyt - trn - khuyt ri.. bin mt (m 30). V hin tng ny lp i lp li

1926-1960

gn nh khng thay i (khong 30 ngy) m n nhanh chng c dng lm lch trong cc

1961-2000

phin bn u tin. Vy l nhn loi u tin da vo con trng chia thi gian theo tng
thng.

Ton Hc
Ha Hc
Sinh Vt
Vt L

Ti sao lch m k hng mang tnh thc tin? Th nhng lch khng ch o lng thi gian m
cn l ci khung gn kt mi sinh hot sng ca con ngi nh ma mng trng trt, chn
nui.. Lch m da trn con trng chia ngy thng, nhng ma v li ph thuc vo vng
quay ca tri t quanh mt tri, m nay gi l 1 nm. V 1 nm, tri t c chia ra thnh 4
ma Xun, H, Thu, ng theo s thay i ca thi tit. iu ny c ngha rt ln trong hot
ng sng x hi loi ngi. Nh ma ng lnh lo, thc vt n i rng l, ngun thc
phm cho gia sc khng c: khng thun li v mt chn nui (tt nhin l khng th trng trt
c ri). Vy cuc sng ca sinh vt ph thuc ch yu vo mt tri ch khng phi mt
trng. (m thi mt tri v mt trng u "xoay" quanh tri t) Lch to ra l phc v cho
i sng ca con ngi, do 1 nm l tng phi bng ng thi gian 1 vng quay ca tri
t quanh mt tri gi trn 4 ma xun, h, thu ng, .. m tic thay l 1 s v cng l:
365,242199 ngy. Tin trnh di y l lch s loi ngi c gng tin gn n con s

https://sites.google.com/site/gockienthuc/dho-thoi-gian/duong-lich/tai-sao-thang-2-chi-co-28-ngay

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25/09/2013

Ti sao thng 2 ch c 28 ngy? - gc KIN THC

Lch dng t u ra?

Julius Caesar (49

TCN - 44 TCN) Dng lch l lch ca ngi La m bt ngun t lch m (nhng khng phi
lch Trung quc hin nay). Lc by gi mi thng trong lch La M c ch c 29 hay 30 ngy..
m tng s 12 thng th ch c 354 ngy nn cng lc lch cng lch xa vi ma mng thc t,
vn theo ng vi 1 vng quay ca tri t quanh mt tri (khong 365 ngy). c th ng
dng c vo nng nghip, ngi La M lu lu phi thm 1 thng trong nm. n khong
nm 46 trc Cng nguyn, Hong La M Julius Csar sa li lch cho 365 ngy, st
vi chu k xoay quanh mt tri ca tri t, gi l lch Julius. T lc ny tr i, mi thng trong
lch Julius khng cn l thuc theo con trng na. Lch Julius cng c 12 thng, gi nguyn tn
trc l Ianuarius, Februarius, Martius, Aprilis, Maius, Iunius, Quintilis, Sextilis, September,
October, November v December (theo ngn ng La M c i). Ch khc l chia lm 2 loi
thng xen k nhau: thng v thng thiu
Thng : c 31 ngy (cho nhng thng l)
Thng thiu l thng c 30 ngy l nhng thng chn (2,4,6,8,..)
Vy tng s ngy ca 12 thng s l 6 x 31 + 6 x 30 = 366 ngy

Ti sao thng 2 l thng c s ngy t nht? Chc l n y bn s hiu ti sao s ngy trong
thng l 30 ch khng phi 1 con s no khc (v lc u cn c vo 1 chu k quay ca mt
trng). Nhng mi nm tri t quay quanh mt tri ch khong 365 ngy thi (chnh xc l 365
ngy + 5h48'46'' = 365.2425 ngy) Vy phi bt i 1 ngy, bt thng no y?? La m thi
, cc t t thng b hnh hnh vo thng 2, thng 2 gi l thng au bun, nn ngi ta
mun n ngn li vy tr bt 1 ngy Thng 2 Nn thng 2 ch cn 29 ngy. Sau ny,
khi hong Julius bng h, tng nh, ngi La m ly tn ng t cho thng 7
(Quintilis), l thng sinh nht ng, thnh Julius. Augustus k tc sau ny, mun c lu
truyn, ng ly thm 1 ngy ca thng 2 p cho thng sinh nht mnh, l thng 8 v t tn n
l August. V th, m thng 2 li ch cn li 28 ngy, cn thng 8 c 31 ngy ( thnh thng
https://sites.google.com/site/gockienthuc/dho-thoi-gian/duong-lich/tai-sao-thang-2-chi-co-28-ngay

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25/09/2013

Ti sao thng 2 ch c 28 ngy? - gc KIN THC

, cho bng thng sinh nht ca Julius). Do hm danh, mun t cao mnh m lch dng
lc by gi c 3 thng lin nhau (thng 7, 8, 9). gii quyt iu khng n , Augustus
ly mt ngy ca thng 9 a sang thng 10, v ly mt ngy ca thng 11 p v thng 12. V
th dng lch m ta ang dng c 7 thng mi thng c 31 ngy l cc thng 1, 3, 5, 7, 8,
10, 12. Nh vy s xn ln ca lch dng ngy nay c ngun gc t lng hp hi ca ngi
xa.

Dch

Thc ra lch s lch dng cn nhiu thay i, nhng sau mi triu i u c tr v phin
bn trc , duy Augustus vn c gi cho n ngy nay l do cng lao gip ch La M
hng thnh thi tr v.

Nhn xt
ng nhp | Bo co lm dng | Trang in | Xa quyn truy cp | c cung cp bi Google Sites

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