25/09/2013

Ti sao thng 2 li c 28 hoc 29 ngy? | Phm Duy Anh

Phm Duy Anh

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Ti sao thng 2 li c 28 hoc 29 ngy?

THNG 2 25
Posted by duyanhphamkiller
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i
Mi thng Dng lch u c t 30 n 31 ngy, nhng thng 2 ch c 28 hoc 29 ngy, vy Ti sao
thng 2 li c 28 hoc 29 ngy?
Thng 2 ch c 28 hoc 29 ngy nu l nm nhun l do gi nguyn cch tnh lch ca ngi La M trc
kia.
Lch La M ban u ban hnh bi Romulus, v hong u tin ca thnh Rome. Lch do ng ta ban
hnh da vo chu k ca mt trng, tc l tng t nh m lch ca ngi phng ng, tuy nhin
ch c 10 thng. 10 thng ca lch ny bt u t thng ba v kt thc vo cui thng mi hai (lu
rng cch nh s thng 1, 2, 3, l do cch dch ca ngi Vit Nam, cn trong nguyn bn ca
lch La M cng nh cch dch ra nhiu ngn ng trn th gii th mi thng c tn ring).
Nh vy mt nm ch c 10 thng, tc l c mt khong thi gian ko di hai chu k Trng khng
c a vo lch, v Romulus cho rng y l thi gian ma ng khng c ngha g vi vic lm
nng nghip nn khng cn c quy c.

Khong th k th 8 trc cng nguyn, hong Numa Pompilius l ngi quyt nh a thm

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25/09/2013

Ti sao thng 2 li c 28 hoc 29 ngy? | Phm Duy Anh

Khong th k th 8 trc cng nguyn, hong Numa Pompilius l ngi quyt nh a thm
hai thng na vo lch cho 12 chu k Trng. Mi thng c 28 ngy, lm cho lch ko di 12 chu
k Trng, tng cng l 354 ngy. Tuy vy, Pompilius cho rng s 28 l con s khng may mn nn
sau quyt nh cho thng mt thm mt ngy thnh 29 ngy, cn thng hai khng hiu v l do g
vn gi nguyn ch c 28 ngy.
Lch t theo chu k ca mt trng dn bc l im yu, n khng phn nh ng chu k bin i
thi tit cc ma, v chu k ny gn lin vi chuyn ng ca tri t quanh mt tri. V th, ngi
La M li quyt nh c hai nm th a vo thm mt thng nhun ko di 27 ngy sau ngy 23
thng hai (nhng nm thng hai ch c 23 ngy).
Vic thay i nh trn lm vic tnh lch tr nn rc ri. n khong nm 45 trc Cng nguyn,
Julius Caesar quyt nh thay i h thng tnh lch ny. ng gi nguyn 12 thng nhng thm ngy
vo cc thng 12 thng trng vi chu k ca mt tri (chu k v tr ca mt tri trn bu tri,
ch khng phi chu k tri t chuyn ng quanh mt tri v thi ngi ta khng bit tri t c
qu o quanh mt tri).
Caesar cng t quy nh c 4 nm mt ln th thng hai li c cng thm mt ngy cho ph hp
vi chu k ca mt tri c tnh ra khi l 365,25 ngy, iu ny v c bn kh gn vi chu k
tht ca tri t quanh mt tri, hin nay chng ta bit l 365,2425 ngy.
C ngun ti liu ghi rng ban u theo cch tnh lch ca Caesar, thng hai c 29 ngy v mi 4 nm
n c thm mt ngy thnh 30 ngy, tc l khng c chnh lch ln vi cc thng khc. Tuy vy
sau ny khi cc thng t tn li, ngy th hai chn ca thng hai c chuyn sang thng tm do
thng ny t theo tn ca Augustus (Hong sng lp ch La M), cho thng c di
tng ng vi thng by (July)- tn ca Julius Caesar.
Dng lch m con ngi s dng ngy nay chnh l lch La M c hon thin thm. Cch chia cc
thng vn gi nguyn tn trng lch s v l l do thng hai c t ngy hn cc thng khc. V
c bn y ch l mt qui c, khng gy nh hng g ti vic s dng thi gian ca loi ngi.
Theo VACA
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