By Authority Of

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Legally Binding Document

By the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code 552(a) and
Part 1 of the Code of Regulations 51 the attached document has been duly
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE and shall be considered legally
binding upon all citizens and residents of the United States of America.
HEED THIS NOTICE: Criminal penalties may apply for noncompliance.

e
Document Name: ASTM D1535: Specifying Color by the Munsell System
CFR Section(s):
Standards Body:

16 CFR 1402
American Society for Testing and Materials

Official Incorporator:
THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER

WASHINGTON, D.C.

~~l~

Designation: D 1535 - 68

Standard Method of

SPECIFYING COLOR BY THE MUNSELL SYSTEM

This Standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1535; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the
year of last reapproval.
NOTE-Editorial correction was made in Table 1 in January 1969.

1. Scope
1.1 This method provides a means for specifying the colors of objects in terms of the
Munsell color system, a system based on the
color-perception attributes, hue, lightness,
and saturation. The method is limited to
opaque objects, such as painted surfaces,
viewed in daylight by an observer having
normal color vision. This method provides a
simple alternative to the more precise and
more complex method of color specification
based on spectrophotometry and the CIE system (1).2 Provision is made for conversion of
CIE data to Munsell notation.
2. Definitions
2.1 surface-color-perception so/id-a cylindrical color solid based on the three perceptual attributes, hue, lightness and saturation
as shown in Fig. 1. This solid forms the basis
of Munsell notation. The central, vertical axis
dimension of the surface-color-perception
solid represents the grays, extending from
black at the bottom to white at the top. The
lightness of a color perceived as chromatic
(nongray) is represented in the color solid by
distance above the base plane and is measured
by the gray to which it is equivalent. Hue is
represented by the angular position about this
axis; saturation is represented by perpendicular distance from the axis. If the observer has
normal color vision, is adapted to daylight,
and views the specimen illuminated by CIE
Source C or D6500 on a middle gray to white
background, the Munsell value of the specimen correlates well with the observer's perception of the lightness of its color. Under the

same conditions, the Munsell hue of the specimen correlates well with the observer's perception of its hue, and the Munsell chroma
with his perception of its saturation.
2.2 Munsell color notation-a system of
letters or numbers, or both, by which the color
of any opaque object may be specified with
respect to Munsell hue, H, Munsell value, V,
and Munsell chroma, C, written in the form,
H VIC. The Munsell color notation of a specimen is obtained by visual comparison with
the Munsell hue, value, and chroma scales of
the Munsell Book of Color, or determined
from its daylight reflectance, Y, and chromaticity coordinates, x, y, in the CIE system by
reference to the scales of the ideal Munsell
system (2).
NOTE I-Prior to 1968, this standard made a distinction between the visually obtained Munsell
Book Notation and the ideal scale color notation
called Munsell Renotation. This distinction need no
longer be made for all color chips made for the
Munsell Book of Color now conform to the ideal
scale notation.

2.3 hue-the attribute of color perception

by means of which an object is judged to be
red, yellow, green, blue, purple, or intermediate between some adjacent pair of these.
2.3.1 Munsell hue-the attribute of a specimen, in Munsell terms, which correlates with
the perceived hue of the specimen. Two desig1 This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products.
Current edition effective Sept. 13, 1968. Originally issued 1958. Replaces D 1535 - 62.
2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the references listed at the end of this method.

234

01535

nation systems for Munsell hue are shown in

Fig. 2, a letter-number system, and an allnumber system. The letter-number system i~
preferred.
2.4 lightness-the attribute of color perception by means of which an object is judged to
reflect more or less light than another object.
2.4.1 Munsell value -The daylight reflectance of a specimen expressed on a scale extending from 0 for ideal black to 10 for ideal
white by steps of approximately equal visual
importance. Value notations are written V;'
Achromatic or neutral colors are designated
N followed by the value notation, thus: N
5.01. Technically, neutral N indicates colors
with 0.0 chroma; but because this would not
allow the gray series to be easily identified
and segregated, the near-neutrals (usually
considered as chromas under 0.5) are sometimes indicated as N,'and the chroma, accompanied by the nearest of the principal hue
names, is placed in parentheses after the solidus (j) which follows the value number, as for
example N 8.7 I(Y 0.3), N 6.0/(B 0.1).
2.5 Saturation-the attribute of color perception that expresses the degree of departure
from the gray of the same lightness. All grays
have zero saturation.
2.5.1 Munsell chroma-the departure of a
color from a gray having the same Munsell
value, expressed on a scale extending from 0,
by steps of approximately equal visual importance, to about 20 for the strongest-colored
specimens producible. Chroma notations are
written: IC, thus chroma 5 is written: IS.
3. Apparatus

3.1 Munsell Book of Color, matte or glossy

edition. 3
3.2 Gray Masks with rectangular openings
of Munsell book chip size.
3.3 Daylight illuminating equipment or
equivalent. 4
4. Preparation of Test Specimens

4.1 This method does not cover the preparation of test specimens. If the preparation of
test specimens is required in conjunction with
this method, a mutually agreed upon procedure shall be established.
5. Munsell Color Notation by Visual Means

5.1 Lighting and Viewing Condltions235

Place the specimen on a neutral background

(middle gray to white), and illuminate it with
natural or artificial daylight. The specimen
should be viewed by an observer with normal
color vision. Select a window in which the sun
is not shining. A north window is usually used
in the northern hemisphere. Place a table by
the window so that light reaches the table top
from the observer's side, chiefly from the sky,
and at angles centering on 45 deg from the
horizontal. Place a canopy of black cloth
above the working surface to prevent errors
caused by reflections of light from the ceiling
or room objects in the surface of the specimen. View the specimen along a direction just
far enough from the perpendicular to avoid
reflection of the observer's forehead. Although
45-deg illumination and perpendicular viewing are recommended by the CIE, converse
conditions will give results equivalent to the
recommended method if a black cloth is hung
opposite the observer.
5.2 Procedure-If both matte and glossy
editions of the Munsell Book of Color are
available, use the edition the gloss of which is
closer to that of the specimen. Select the two
adjacent Munsell constant-hue charts or
chips between which the hue of the specimen
lies. Place one on each side of the specimen.
Cover the specimen and the charts with the
gray masks so that the specimen and one
chip from each chart can be seen. Move
masks from chip to chip in order to find the
chips most ciosely matching the specimen.
The glossy charts have removable chips.
When using these charts, the appropriate
chips should be removed and placed immediately adjacent to the specimen. Estimate, in
order, the value, chroma, and hue by interpolation or extrapolation of the chip designations as described in 5.2.1 to 5.2.3. Interchange positions of the charts, repeat the estimations, and average the results.
5.2.1 Value-Find the chips between which
the value of the specimen lies. Estimate the
value of the specimen to the nearest tenth of
the one-value-step interval between adjacent
value levels. Recor9. the estimated value in
front of the solidus, for example 4.2}.
, Available from the Munsell Color Co., 2441 N. Calvert
St., Baltimore, Md. 21218.
'See ASTM Method D 1729, Visual Evaluation of
Color Differences of Opaque Materials. which appears in
the Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Parts 21 and'30.

D 1535

5.2.2 Chroma-Move the masks so as to

present successive colors of the same Munsell
hue and value but of different chroma, and, by
interpolation or extrapolation, determine the
Munsell chroma of the color. Pay chief attention to the Munsell chips having values nearest that of the specimen, and secondary attention to those next nearest. Although all Munsell chips of the same chroma notation are
intended to yield color perceptions having the
same saturation, a slightly diff~rent estimate
of chroma may be obtained by comparison
with the chips of the next value. In such a
case, average the estimated chromas. Note
that there are usually two chroma steps between adjacent columns of a chart. Estimate
the chroma to the nearest fifth of the 2chroma interval, and record' the .estimated
chroma after the value estimate and solidus,
for example 4.2/6.4.
.
5.2.3 Hue-Estimate the hue of the specimen by interpolation between the chips of the
nearest Munsell value and chroma in the selected hue charts. Estimate to the nearest fifth
of the 2.S-hue steps between adjacent hue
charts. Record the hue estimate in front of the
value-chroma estimate and separated from it
by a space, for example 4.5 R 4.2/6.4. If the
value and chroma of the specimen do not correspond closely to those of any chip, repeat
the interpolation of hue with the next closest
pair of chips and record the average.
6. Munsell Color Notation from CIE Data
6.1 Procedure-Convert the luminous reflectance, Y and the chromaticity coordinates,
x, y, of the ~pecimen to Munsel~ color not~
tion by refernng to Table 1 and FIgS. 3 to 16.
6.2 Find in Tablel of the value, V, equivalent to the luminous reflectance, Y. Use Figs.
3 to 16 to estimate hue and chroma for value
levels on either side of the required value.
Interpolate to adjust the hue and chroma to
the required value level, assuming linearity
between value levels. When the required value
level differs from that of the nearest value
level diagram by O.OS/or less, interpolation is

not necessary. In such cases, use the hue and

chroma derived from the nearest value level
diagram.
NOTE 2: Example-Obtain the Munsell notation
for: Y = 46.02, x = 0.500, y == 0.454.
(1) From Table I, Y = 46.02 is equivalent to
Munsell value 7.20.
(2) Find hue and chroma by interpolation between value levels 7 and 8 of Figs. 11 and
13. On Fig. 13, for x = 0.500, y = 0.454,
the Munsell hue is just redder than
1O.0YR. Since the difference is less than
0.25 hue step, read it as 10.OYR. 'The
chroma lies between 14 and 16, estimated
at 14.6. On Fig. 11, for x = 0.500, v =
0.454, the hue lies at 10.0YR and the
chroma between 12 and 14, estimated at
13.1.
(3) Since value 7.2 is two tenths of the difference
between values 7.0 and 8.0, the interpolated hue will be that of value 7 plus 0.2
times the difference between the hues read
from Figs. 11 and 13. Since the hue on Fig.
13 is 1O.0YR, and on Fig. 11 is 1O.0YR, no
interpolation is required. The interpolated
chroma will be that read at value 7 plus 0.2
times the difference between the chromas
read from Figs. 11 and 13. Since the
chroma on Fig. 13 is 14.6, and on Fig. 11 is
13.1, the interpolated chroma will be
13.1 + [0.2(14.6 - 13.1)] = 13.4.
(4) The complete Munsell color notation is
1O.0YR 7.2/13.4.

6.3 Munsell Notation of Dark ColorsDetermine color notations for Munsell values
less than 1 by referring to the published extension of the Munsell system to very dark colors
(3).

7. Report
7.1 Report the notation in the Munsell
color system, specifying whether the notation
was obtained visually from matte or glossy
book, or by conversion of colorimetric data.
8. Precision
8.1 The estimated precision within which a
color notation can be determined by visual
comparison is 0.5 hue step, 0.1 value step, and
0.4 chroma step.
5 Figures 8. 10, 12, 14, and 16 are enlargements of the
l<?w-chroma a~eas of Figs. 7, 9, II, \3, and [5. Large-scale
diagrams of Figs. 3 through 16 are available from the Munsell Color Co., 2441 N. Calvert St., Baltimore, Md. 21218.

236

~~r~

D 1535

REFERENCES

(1) ASTM Recommended Practice E 308, fo(

(3) "Extension of the Munsell Renotation System

Spectrophotometry and Description of Color in

the CIE 1931 System, which appears in this
publication.
(2) "Final Report of the OSA Subcommittee on the
Spacing of the Munsell Colors," Journal, Optical Soc. Am., JOSAA, Vol 33, 1943, p. 385.

to Very Dark Colors," Journal, Optical Soc.

Am., JOSAA, Vol 46, 1956, p. 281.
(4) Nimerolf, I., "Colorimetry," Monograph 104,
Nat. Bureau Standards, NBS, January 1968.
(5) Prepared for D. Nickerson, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture.

237

TABLE 1 Luminous Reflectance. Y. in Percent Relative to MgO. Equivalent to Munsell Renotation Value. V (2)

tv

00

Vv

10.00
9.99
8
7
6
5
9.94
3
2
I
0
9.89
8
7
6
5
9.84
3
2
1
0
9.79
8
7
6
5
9.74
3
2

102.57
102.30
102.04
101.78
101.52
101.25
100.99
100.73
100.47
100.21
99.95
99.69
99.44
99.18
98.92
98.66
98.41
98.15
97.90
97.64
97.39
97.14
96.88
96.63
96.38
96.13
95.88
95.63
95.38
95.13
94.88
94.63
94.38
94.14
93.89
93.64
93.40
93.15
92.91
92.66
92.42
92.18
91.93
91.69
91.45
91. 21
90.97
90.73
90.49
90.25
90.01

0
9.69
8
7
6
5
9.64
3
2
I

0
9.59
8
7
6
5
9.54
3
2
I

Vy
8.99
8
7
6
5
8.94
3
2
I
0
8.89
8
7
6
5
8.84
3
2
I
0
8.79
8
7
6
5
8.74
3
2
1
0
8.69
8
7
6
5
8.64
3
2
I
0
8.59
8
7
6
5
8.54
3
2
I

Vy

78.45 7.99
78.23
8
78.02
7
77.80
6
77.59
5
77.38 7.94
77.16
3
76.95
2
76.74
I
76.53
0
76.32 7.89
76.11
8
75.90
7
75.69
6
75.48
5
75.27 7.84
75.06
3
74.85
2
74.64
I
74.44
0
74.23 7.79
74.02
8
73.82
7
73.61
6
73.40
5
73.20 7.74
72.99
3
72.79
2
72.59
1
72.38
0
72.18 6.69
71.98
8
71.78
7
71.57
6
71.37
5
71.17 7.64
70.97
3
70.77
2
70.57
I
70.37
0
70.17 7.59
69.97
8
69.78
7
69.58
6
69.38
5
69.18 7.54
68.99
3
68.79
2
68.59
I
68.40
0

Vy

58.92 6.99
58.74
8
7
58.57
6
58.39
5
58.22
58.04 6.94
3
57.87
2
57.69
57.52 i
I
57.35 I
0
57.17 6.89
57.00
8
7
56.83
6
56.66
5
56.48
6.84
56.31
3
56.14
2
55.97
I
55.80
55.63
0
55.46 6.79
55.29
8
7
55.12
6
54.95
54.78
5
54.62 6.74
3
54.45
2
54.28
I
54.11
53.94
0
53.78 6.69
8
53.61
7
53.45
6
53.28
5
53.12
52.95 6.64
3
52.79
2
52.62
I
52.46
0
52.30
52.13 6.59
8
51.97
7
51.81
6
51.64
5
51.48
51.32 6.54
3
51.16
2
51.00
I
50.84
0
50.68

V,.

V,.

Vy

42.92
42.77
42.63
42.49
42.34
42.20
42.06
41.92
41.77
41.63
41.49
41.35
41.21
41.07
40.93
40.79
04.65
40.51
40.37
40.23
40.09
39.95
39.82
39.68
39.54
39.40
39.27
39.13
39.00
38.86
38.72
38.59
38.45
38.32
38.18
38.05
37.92
37.78
37.65
37.52
37.38
37.25
37.12
36.99
36.86
36.72
36.59
36.46
36.33
36.20

5.99
8
7
6
5
5.94
3
2
I
0
5.89
8
7
6
5
5.84
3
2
I
0
5.79
8
7
6
5
5.74
3
2

29.94
29.82
29.71
29.59
29.48
29.36
29.25
29.13
29.02
28.90
28.79
28.68
28.57
28.45
28.34
28.23
28.12
28.01
27.90
27.78
27.67
27.56
27.45
27.34
27.23
27.12
27.02
26.91
26.80
26.69
26.58
26.48
26.37
26.26
26.15
26.05
25.94
25.84
25.73
25.62
25.52
25.41
25.31
25.20
25.10
25.00
24.89
24.79
24.69
24.58

4.99
8
7
6
5
4.94
3
2
I
0
4.89
8
7
6
5
4.84
3
2
1
0
4.79
8
7
6
5
4.74
3
2
1
0
4.69
8
7
6
5
4.64
3
2

19.68
19.59
19.50
19.41
19.32
19.23
19.14
19.06
18.97
18.88
18.79
18.70
18.62
18.53
18.44
18.36
18.27
18.19
18.10
18.02
17.93
17.85
17.76
17.68
17.60
17.51
17.43
17.34
17.26
17.18
17.10
17.02
16.93
16.85
16.77
16.69
16.61
16.53
16.45
16.37
16.29
16.21
16.13
16.05
15.97
15.89
15.81
15.74
15.66
15.57

3.99
8
7
6
5
3.94
3
2
1
0
3.89
8
7
6
5
3.84
3
2
1

0
5.69
8
7
6
5
5.64
3
2
I

0
5.59
8
7

6
5
5.54
3
2
I

0
4.59
8
7
6
5
4.54
3
2
I

3.79
8
7
6
5
3.74
3
2
1
0
3.69
8
7
6
5
3.64
3
2
I
0
3.59
8
7

6
5
3.54
3
2
I
0

Y
11.935
11.870
11.805
11. 740
11.675
11.611
11.547
11.483
11.419
11.356
11. 292
11. 229
11.167
11.104
11.042
10.980
10.918
10.856
10.795
10.734
10.673
10.612
10.551
10.491
10.431
10.371
10.311
10.252
10.193
10.134
10.075
10.017
9.959
9.901
9.843
9.785
9.728
9.671
9.614
9.557
9.501
9.445
9.389
9.333
9.277
9.222
9.167
9.112
9.058
9.003

V,

V,.

Vy

2.99
8
7
6
5
2.94
3
2
I
0
2.89
8
7
6
5
2.84
3
2
1
0
2.79
8
7
6
5
2.74
3
2
1
0
2.69
8
7
6
5
2.64
3
2
1
0
2.59
8
7
6
5
2.54
3
2
1
0

6.511
6.468
6.425
6.382
6.339
6.296
6.254
6.212
6.170
6.128
6.086
6.045
6.003
5.962
5.921
5.881
5.841
5.800
5.760
5.720
5.680
5.641
5.602
5.563
5.524
5.485
5.447
5.408
5.370
5.332
5.295
5.257
5.220
5.183
5.146
5.109
5.072
5.036
5.000
4.964
4.928
4.892
4.857
4.822
4.787
4.752
4.717
4.682
4.648
4.614

1.99
8
7
6
5
1.94
3
2
I
0
1.89
8
7
6
5
1.84
3
2
1
0
1.79
8
7
6
5
1.74
3
2
1
0
1.69
8
7
6
5
1.64
3
2
1
0
1.59
8
7
6
5
1.54
3
2
I
0

3.100
3.075
3.050
3.025
3.000
2.975
2.950
2.925
2.901
2.877
2.853
2.829
2.805
2.781
2.758
2.735
2.712
2.688
2.665
2.642
2.620
2.598
2.575
2.553
2.531
2.509
2.487
2.465
2.443
2.422
2.401
2.380
2.359
2.338
2.317
2.296
2.276
2.256
2.236
2.216
2.196
2.176
2.156
2.136
2.116
2.097
2.078
2.059
2.040
2.021

0.99
8
7
6
5
0.94
3
2
1
0
0.89
8
7
6
5
0.84
3
2
1
0
0.79
8
7
6
5
0.74
3
2
I
0
0.69
8
7
6
5
0.64
3
2
1
0
0.59
8
7
6
5
0.54
3
2
1
0

1.196
1.182
1.168
1.154
1.141
1.128
1.114
1.101
1.087
1.074
1.060
1.047
1.034
1.021
1.008
0.995
.982
.969
.956
.943
.931
.918
.906
.893
.881
.868
.856
.844
.832
.819
.807
.795
.783
.771
.759
.747
.735
.723
.711
.699
.687
.675
.663
.651

.640
.628
.617
.605
.593
.581

..=.

-=-

...

UI

Co)

UI

TABLE I-Continued

Vy

10

9.49
8
7
6
5
9.44
3
2
1
0
9.39
8
7
6
5
9.34
3
2
1
0
9.29
8
7
6
5
9.24
3
2
1
0
9.19
8
7
6
5
9.14
3
2
1
0
9.09
8
7
6
5
9.04
3
2
.1
0

89.77
89.53
89.30
89.06
88.82
88.59
88.35
88.12
87.88
87.65
87.41
87.18
86.95
86.72
86.48
86.25
86.02
85.79
85.56
85.33
85.10
84.88
84.65
84.42
84.19
83.97
83.74
83.52
83.29
83.07
82.84
82.62
82.39
82.17
81.95
81. 73
81.50
81 .. 28
81.06
80.84
80.62
80.40
80.18
79:97
79.75
79.53
79.31
79.10
78.88
78.66

Vy

8.49
8
7
6
5
8.44
3
2
1
0
8.39
8
7
6
5
8.34
3
2
1
0
8.29
8
7
6
5
8.24
3
2
1
0
8.19
8
7
6
5
8.14
3
2
1
. 0
8.09
8
7
6
5
8.04
3
2
1
0

68.20
68.01
67.81
67.62
67.43
67.23
67.04
66.85
66.66
66.46
66.27
66.08
65.89
65.70
65.51
65.32
65.13
64.94
64'.76
64.57
64.38
64.19
64.01
63.82
63.63
63.45
63.26
63.08
62.89
62.71
62.52
62.34
62.16
61.98
61.79
61.61
61.43
61.25
61.07
60.88
60.70
60.52
60.35
60.17
59.99
59.81
59.63
59.45
59.28
59.10

Vy
7.49
8
7
6
5
7.44
3
2
1
0
7.39 .
8
7
6
5
7.34
3
2
1
0
7.29
8
7
6
5
7.24
3
2
1
0
7.19
8
7
6
5
7.14
3
2
1
0
7.09
8
7
6
5
7.04
3
I 2
1
0

Vy

Vy

50.52
50.36
50.20
50.04
49.88
49.72
49.56
49.41
49.25
49.09
48.93
48.78
48.62
48.47
48.31
48.16
48.00
47.85
47.69
47.54
47.38
47.23
47.08
46.92
46.77
46.62
46.47
46.32
46.17
46.02
45.87
45.72
45.57
45.42
45.27
45.12
44.97
44.82
44.67
44.52
44.38
44.23
44.08
43.94
43.79
43.64
43.50
43.35
43.21
43.06

6.49
8
7
6
5
6.44
3
2
1
0
6.39
8
7
6
5
6.34
3
2
1
0
6.29
8
7
6
,
5
6.24
3
I
2
1
1
0
6.19
8
7
6
5
6.14
1
3
2
!
i
1
i
0
I 6.09
I
8
7
6
5
6.04
3
2
1
0

36.07
35.94
35.81
35.68
35.56
35.43
35.30
35.17
35.03
34.92
34.79
34.66
34.54
34.41
34.28
34.16
34.03
33.91
33.78
33.66
33.54
33.41
33.29
33.16
33.04
32.92
32.80
32.67
32.55
32.43
32.31
32.19
32.07
31.95
31.83
31.71
31.59
31.47
31.35
31.23
31.11
30.99
30.87
30.75
30.64
30.52
30.40
30.28
30.17
30.05

5.49
8
7
6
5
5.44
3
2
1
0
5.39
8
7
6
5
5.34
3
2
1
0
5.29
8
7
6
5
5.24
3
2
1
0
5.19
8
7
6
5
5.14
3
2
1
0
5.09
8
7
6
5
5.04
3
2
1
0

24.48
24.38
24.28
24.17
24.07
23.97
23.87
23.77
23.67
23.57
23.47
23.37
23.27
23.17
23.07
22.97
22.87
22.78
22.68
22.58
22.48
22.38
22.29
22.19
22.09
22.00
21.90
21.81
21.71
21.62
21.52
21.43
21.33
21.24
21.14
21.05
20.96
20.86
20.77
20.68
20.59
20.49
20.40
20.31
20.22
20.13
20.04
19.95
19.86
19.77

Vy
4.49
8
7
6
5
4.44
3
2
1
0
4.39
8
7
6
5
4.34
3
2
1
0
4.29
8
7
6
5
4.24
3
2
1
0
4.19
8
7
6
5
4.14
3
2
1
0
4.09
8
7
6
5
4.04
3
2
1
0

Vy

y
15.49
15.42
15.34
15.26
15.18
15.11
15.03
14.96
14.88
14.81
14.73
14.66
14.58
14.51
14.43
14.36
14.28
14.21
14.14
14.07
13.99
13.92
13.85
13.78
13.70
13.63
13.56
13.49
13.42
13.35
13.28
13.21
13.14
13.07
13.00
12.93
12.86
12.80
12.73
12.66
12.59
12.52 1
12.46,
12.39,
12.32
12.261
12.19
12.12 1
12.06
12.00

3.49 8.949
8 8.895
7 8.841
6 8.787
5 8.734
3.44 8.681
3 8.628
2 8.575
1 8.523
0 8.471
3.39 . 8.419
8 8.367
7 8.316
6 8.264
5 8.213
3.34 8.162
3 8.111
2 8.060
1 8.010
0 7.960
3.29 7.910
8 7.860
7 7.811
6 7.762
5 7.713
3.24 7.664
3 7.615
2 7.567
1 7.519
0 7.471
3.19 7.423
8 7.375
7 7.328
6 7.281
5 7.234
3.14 7.187
3 7.140
2 7.094
1 7.048
0 7.002
3.09 6.956
8 6.911
7 6.866
6 6.821
5 6.776
3.04 6.731
3 6.687
2 6.643
1 6.599
0 6.555

V,

2.49
8
7
6
5
2.44
3
2
1
0
2.39
8
7
6
5
2.34
3
2
1
0
2.29
8
7
6
5
2.24
3
2
1
0
2.19
8
7
6
5
2.14
3
2
1
0
2.09
8
7
6
5
2.04
3
2
1
0

4.580
4.546
4.512
4.479
4.446
4.413
4.380
4.347
4.314
4.282
4.250
4.218
4.186
4.154
4.123
4.092
4.060
4.029
3.998
3.968
3.938
3.907
3.877
3.847
3.817
3.787
3.758
3.729
3.700
3.671
3.642
3.613
3.585
3.557
3.529
3.501
3.473
3.445
3.418
3.391
3.364
3.337
3.310
3.283
3:256
3.230
3.204
3.178
3.152
3.126

Vy

V,

1.49
8
7
6
5
1.44
3
2
1
0
1.39
8
7
6
5
1.34
3
2
1
0
1.29
8
7
6
5
1.24
3
2
1
0
1.19
8
7
6
5
1.14
3
2
1
0
1.09
8
7
6
5
1.04
3
2
1
0

2.002
1.983
1.965
1.947
1.929
1.910
1.892
1.874
1.856
1.838
1.821
1.803
1.786
1.769
1.752
1.735
1.718
1.701
1.684
1.667
1.650
1.634
1.618
1.601
1.585
1.569
1.553
1.537
1.521
1.506
1.490
1.475
1.459
1.444
1.429
1.413
1.398
1.383
1.368
1.354
1.339
1.324
1.310
1.295
1.281
1.267
1.253
1.238
1.224
1.210

0.49
8
7
6
5
0.44
3
2
I
0
0.39
8
7
6
5
0.34
3
2

0.570
.559
.547
.535
.524
.513
.. 501
.489
.478
.467
.455
.444
.432
.421
.409
.398
.386
.375
.363
1
.352
0
.341
0.29
.329
8
.318
7
.306
6
5
.295
.283
0.24
3
.272
.260
2
.248
1
.237
0
.225
0.19
.214
8
.202
7
6
.191
5
.179
.167
0.14
.155
3
.143
2
.131
1
0
.120
.108
0.09
8
.096
.084
7
6
.073
5
.061
.049
0.04
.036
3
2 . . 024
1
.012
.000
0

-=
=
--<

-=c

....

en
w
en

~~l~

D 1535

WHITE

I/)
I/)

w
Z

lI

t!l
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BLUE
GREEN

SATURATION

PURPLE

YELLOW

BLACK
FIG. 1

Dimensions of the Surface-Color-Perception Solid (4).

240

~~l~

FIG. 2

D 1535

Designation Systems for Munsell Hue.

241

55 i

! J I uK

i~r.v

iT":;

1,0\ i

II'!I

. 55

HUE ANO:CHROMA
50

45

.40

I\.)

/5 hi ;1 i 1Jl' I I

1'4=1:

: I "i "'" -?Xr -'I;-\t+"t-f hi/7'"%:/ t7.'"" . ~ I'-I

------ - -

1-7

++-+-'

-=

VI

135

.-

-=C
~

.30 I

25

!~I::b

l4'T

1-+-~-~/cAY#J(

1:1>1"1 I: I: 1 Uf" I ~~":

I~

I ' " 'I."

1 T"""" I

A ,1111:1 IU""I 1\~ 1

+-";'-...'F-~-+-+----t-+- -l-V+-+~+--I-+-~-

1.30

I'-l I 1

0"

20

V$!
'"

),1:5 1 Ah

! /1.5

I A.s 1 bps
''''

""

FIG. 3

'/10 <t1i~
.,"'

tsP r; I
.... '"

'g

<if'

15F!\

c=:t::U\
4n

IO~
.. n

Munsell Value I-Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (2).

I
.55

'.IS
60

en
en
Co)

.55

~\

K: ./

'

'"I

1"/

/."

)..

"

HUE
.50

AND

!CHROMA

;VALtE 2

''0

..
.40

.j:>.

=-=

.35

"

...

U1

Col

16,1: /-

.251

I
.-

0.5\ 'fo

14.5
.-

Cps

Ih.5
--

s:::zto:

1/~.!5
--

{5r-<:fill
~-

101

<==:C
x

~.,

f.3\

~?.
--

~~
--

--

FIG. 4 Munsell Value 2-Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (2).

.:5!5

.60 J5

'~,

'

1
N-# +A,, __ -I +, i

, ,. "

'

~ "11/1

.. 1

"; '-lI 1

'

_ _f--- ! j'1'

, ,
-f 1
':.

~L E'''' """"...

-~, ,

'T.S:;,

,7
\,
I,
1 I
fi
1-- _ f.J~i
!
'; : ,
rl l"'-..L/
!
I"!\.:.:I '1 ,
i I I' \
; .I
I,
II
" I / . /1\..,
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I
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. \ I ~ ,
V ,
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Iii
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i
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7
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7
"
i I
H I. ,
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L I
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i"
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1' . ,-,~" ':
, ' , , "; : I ''''
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v
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5
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17
V
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I '+i : i i , I ' I, "
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"
J
I
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H-kl, I I 1 / .
, V,,,
; fj , . II 1
1/ V , /
I-I
I ill-f : : I '
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1
40,
,1'ht,WI [111K
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"., 111/71/ ./
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1
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ii'
.
V
V
u...: ,i '"
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V kl!- I
po
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. .y
VI,
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I ,.
11 ,35 ,
i: , . ~f-. ' .1'>-.',
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L~-&_3

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il
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If'
17

,',
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:IJ

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SPB

,r,...
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I~""
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II

,"

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I J.....-

it-

til

ILl-- .., ,
......
R0,V 'i.. 252.5
1l,

~n
,

C-1-1

p,

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....
h,

..:.-

L,..~I

J.,..-v .
35

~
I(!'

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.40

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.... ...:.. ....

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j..--

""'"
.

~,V

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j".;'
.JIII
I

.0'

"

c...

J?.

~
',

;" '

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'

v , __.'

.45.50

x
Munsell Value 3--Loci or Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (2).

,0'

-=~

'0

.!

I' _
.55

.00

.....,...
~
, ___ '

. . . . . ' '"
"....
P k.

jJ--

r-.

....

r--;

I><

"',
""

.
,
I),
,
"
,,~ .,.. ,...

.... ,

J-r W' "~o

t<'-

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r-",!~
r-- .

1'-

I;

,,".
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,~
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lI-'

.20

FIG. 5

1/ /

'/

I >I " , , ; ,

"

,/

' V '/ '/

; '/

: I ; ",'

.15

, VVI/
,

;; I

!ii'

"V,

I 'I"
.

V.

:~

71 I ': I ,
I A'"
r'
1J.-,/
,/
I

;:-1
I! ,' 1
d1 '
.
I~
vr
'
' ' : 1
P.;;
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.I~IO

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.50

I' '",'

.55

...
.10

...
UI

Co)

UI

.SSiIMJIKJ

.j::,.

Vt,

'f

,111. I it]

11:1 i

:11:

II 1 U\}I : I,

17

" .= ,+r-;

in, i

lui

}__ .. j . IU

.-.

~oll~i~~~-~-ll~;
-i{ELf
L"i:~<c: VII~~~:k~!~tm
";-'~7-'-~'/-'_L_-H_=
-~_
1-

-=

-=-

...en

Co)

en

FIG. 6 Munsell Value 4-Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE.(x;y) Coordinates (2).

tv

.j>.

'I

I!

, I

-=

.,

"'-LI

"Y..

''\.IVJI1////J/'AV~

_,"'7'41

_ _ _f

0'\

J .......

-=-

....

0'1
W
0'1

FIG. 7

Munsell Value S-Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coonlinates (2).

'37~~~TlT]]/f1T!IT~_

.j:>.
~

-=

.33 _.,

===l

-=-

'I

.32

'32_~1i
'31~}

.28

FIG. 8

.29

30

.31

.32

.33

.34

.35

.36

Munsell Value 5-Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma, Near Gray, in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (5).

.37

>0
01

01

,;

HUE.AND

~IAL
.50

-:[-- - -i--I-'o
.

L.

Ia-

.3.
N

00

'I

I ~I--IIIJ~
.'
.;-' ._'
. i i
! . __

IWlmltMW~
;jjjhL
r" r I,
'

I'

--,-, -

1 '.

WfA VUIJt

u....-r I .L~ ~)'/v7V-vrl\~r1>'f.JJ?1

1_

fm% v

I.FN.....V

k1' JPgr ?7It1::L .kClM-,-'t>CLJLi"'iJ-1, I .IA' I y

-;fI35
~

i\ 1A\1:Yi IX' l......r '~I V1" I 1/

I I : i-H25

v: ~j.....r:I.M:J...J)<[_iXI.~ J......l"""1/
~icg:urrum~
""'" IIA \VI ,Y 17I'TJ I/IAtC Vyni~L...f-"r J.....Kr.J.1""..v

x
FIG. 9

Munsell Value 6--Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (2).

...c

U1
W
U1

Vfl"

"IIV1:b!lIIJf~n_~I!!:!

-=-

.sc

.37

.34

IV
-I'>-

'D

-=

.33

-=o

'1

->
C1I

CJ1

"
FIG. 10

Munsell Value 6---Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma, Near Gray, in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (5).

..55 ,

,}

2.!lr

rl'l"l

IOV

let:v

<r;J"!I

<:K

.55

HUE

AND

!cHROMA

.10

.48

.40

tv

Ul

----'~-a-+_--~.40

I---,.--+lt--II-+-I--,-INI

.-'"

It-T:--~"x\I\l'f7WbP:V~~~Y--r-ytFT~

Illtilll ; i Ii
r

.30 I

I ,I

i i i Ii

I " 1;1/+-1+ Itb-n

.n I ;

.101

lTI"T-Tll -"171-"

IhY f I LA'", IA

I I I I I 1'1.1

;~-.~:

'S('q,,-:

lJY~~~-~/;

r ,

~-,...

- I

/-,- -f '-;r-'I- --7:' -

r-

...

::~~....-I-''' '''''b7':~/~4~--~-+--!

Ii

tl'~'~

1 '!

!. I

01
Co!
01

1.30

pt--!~A~-t--!-

-+--i-,
, , -'--I

i
L

Jet"

"

! !

...

"n

FIG. 11

::.n

,\0;

.40

.45

VI

.50

Munsell Value 7- Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (2).

.55

-=0

1.2.

'1,11,
I
I 'I l j
---f-I--f
6
I,. -j-H-".

-=
===:

ill

-b4A--+--~-f-:;J..4- ~~+--:-~-H--i-+-t-+-il:
,
I

i '3.

1~

'.IS

,so

lJl
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'1

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FIG. 12

Munsell Value 7-Loci of Conshmt Hue and Constant Chroma, Near Gray, in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (5).

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0 1535

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Munsell Value 8-Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma, Near White, in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (5).

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FIG. 15

Munsell Value 9--Loci of Constant Hue and Constant Chroma in CIE (x, y) Coordinates (2).

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en

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0 1535

By publication of this standard no position is taken with respect to the validity of any patent rights in connection therewith, and the American Society for Testing and Materials does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing the standard
against liability for infringement of any Lellers Patent nor assume any such liability.

255