'.

.
E-mail:bezvold@ukr.net .
= f (L) E = f (L) y = a + b/x + c/x
- ', , L ,
/.
' :
H3COH

Lc-o = 1,434

(6)

= 1

H2C=O

Lc-o = 1,206

(6)

= 2

CO

Lc-o = 1,12823

(7)

= 3

y = a + b/x + c/x2

X = 1/x

b1 = b + c/x1

Y = b1 + cX

c=

Y=

y y1
1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / xY 1 / x Y / n

1 / x 1 / x / n
2

b1= Y / n c 1 / x / n
n Y.
: y = na + b(1/x) + c(1/x2),
n = 3
1. = f(L) - '.
1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

0,82918740 0,68755174 7,58510526

0,88634410 0,78560586 10,58234503
1.71553149 1.47315760 18.16745029
1/ x1 = 0,69735007
(1/x2) = 1,95945472
c = 52,43899244

x (L, )

y ()

6,28947368
9,37959905

1,43400
1,20600
1,12823

1
2
3

15.66907273

3.76823

x1 = 1,43400

y1= 1

(1/x) = 2,41288156
b = - 72,46498138

a = 26,03252883

 (C-O) = 26,03252883

72,46498138 52,43899244

L
L2

:
HCOO - Na +
NH3+ CH2COO

2+
2CO3 K2 3H2O
CO 2- Ca 2 +

Lc-o = 1,27

(8)

(L=1,27 ) = 1,486

Lc-o = 1,26

(8)

(L=1,26 ) = 1,551

(9)

(L- = 1,29 ) = 1,370

Lc-o = 1,29

.O
C .
O

= Lc-o = 1,162

(4)

(Lc-o = 1,162 ) = 2,507

, , ',
CO ' - 1,5, - 1,37,
2,5.

O
H2N

NH2

Lc-o = 1,27 (10)

(Lc-o = 1,27 ) = 1,486 1,5

CN = 1,686

E = f(L) CO '.
' :
CO

Lc-o = 1,434

Ec-o = 351,708 /

(2)

C=O ( H2C=O)

Lc-o = 1,206

Ec-o = 686,668 /

(2)

CO

Lc-o = 1,12823

Ec-o = 1071,773 /

(7)

2. = f(L) - '.
1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

x (L, )

y (, /)

0,82918740 0,68755174 2540,70685895 2106,72210526

0,88634410 0,78560586 3809,98813722 3376,96049318

1,43400
1,20600
1,12823

351,708
686,668
1071,773

1.71553149 1.47315760 6350.69499617 5483.68259844

3.76823

2110.149

1/ x1 = 0,69735007
(1/x2) = 1,95945472

1/x

x1 = 1,43400
(1/x) = 2,41288156

y1= 351,708

c = 22207,04265404

b = -31359,17576343

- =11420,81052442

a = 11420,81052442

31359,17576343 22207,04265404

L
L2

:
E (L = 1,434 ) = 351,708 /
E (L = 1,206 ) = 686,668 /
E (L = 1,12823 ) = 1072,542 /
= Lc-o = 1,16213

(29)

E (L = 1,16213 ) = 879,596 / = 210,088 /

= Lc-o = 1,162

. = 192 /

D = 127 / (11)

E (L = 1,162 ) = 880,257 / = 210,246 /

+

NH3

CH2COO

HCOOH

Lc-o = 1,26
Lc-o = 1,41

(L = 1,26 ) = 520,383 /
D ~ 90 / (4)

(L = 1,41 ) = 350,243 / = 83,654 /

H3COH

Lc-o = 1,434

D ~ 90 / (4)

E (L = 1,434 ) = 351,708 / = 84,004 /

CH3COOH

Lc-o = 1,43

D ~ 90 / (4)

E (L = 1,430 ) = 351,038 / = 83,844 /

= f(L) = f(L) CN '.
' (2)
CN

= 291,834 /

C=N

= 615,489 /

CN ( HCN)

= 866,709 /

' :
CH3NH2

(LC-N = 1,4714 )

(12)

HCN

(LCN = 1,157 )

(6)

C=N

(LC=N = 1,28 )

(14)

 = f(L)
3. = f(L) -N '.
1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

0,78125000 0,61035156 9,84008359

0,86430424 0,74702181 10,82957888
1.64555424 1.35737337 20.66966247
1/ x1 = 0,67962485

y ()

7,68756531
9,36005089

1,4714
1,2800
1,1570

1
2
3

17.04761620

3.9084

x1 = 1,4714

(1/x2) = 1,81926331

y = 1

(1/x) = 2,32517908

c = 11,91384503

b = -7,56455294

(C-N) = 0,63817306

:
+
LC
C(N3)3
SbCl6
+
LC
C(NH ) CO
2 3

x (L, )

a = 0,63817306

7,56455294 11,91384503

L
L2

= 1,34

(9)

(L = 1,34 ) = 1,628

= 1,34

(9)

(L = 1,34 ) = 1,628

O
H2N C NH2

LC

= 1,33

LC

= 1,27

(10)

(LCN = 1,33 ) = 1,686

S
H2N C NH2

LC

= 1,33

LC

= 1,71

(10)

E = f(L) C-N '

4. = f(L) -N '.

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1/x

x (L, )

y (, /)

0,78125000 0,61035156 3184,79225580 2488,11894984

0,86430424 0,74702181 3112,82707944 2690,42962786

1,4714
1,2800
1,1570

291,834
615,489
866,709

1.64555424 1.35737337 6297.61933524 5178.54857771

3.9084

1774.032

1/ x1 = 0,67962485

x1 = 1,4714

(1/x2) = 1,81926331
c = -866,48412671

y = 291,834

(1/x) = 2,32517908
b = 4450,61712191

E (C-N) =-2332,69568587

a = -2332,69568587

4450,61712191 866,48412671

L
L2

E(L = 1,33 ) = 523,790 /

= f(L) = f(L) CS '.
= f(L).
' :
H3CSH

= 1

L = 1,818

(15)

H2C=S

= 2

L = 1,6108

(16)

CS

= 3

L = 1,53492

(7)

CS 3, CS, HCP, CP
(7), (17), (), S
' :
CS

Lc-s = 1,53492

D = 169,6 /

= 1285,08
= 6,46

CP

Lc-p = 1,5583

D = 122 /

= 1239,67
= 6,86

HCP

Lc-p = 1,5421

= 3216,9

Lc- = 1,0667

2 = 1278,4
3 = 674,7

 5. = f(L) -S '.
1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

x (L, )

y ()

0,62080954 0,38540448 14,13337066

0,65149975 0,42445193 19,71516575

8,77413127
12,84442560

1,81800
1,61080
1,53492

1
2
3

1.27230929 0.80985641 33.84853640

21.61855688

4.96372

1/ x1 = 0,55005501

x1 = 1,81800

(1/x2) = 1,11241692

y = 1

(1/x) = 1,82236429

c = 181,87538814

b = -198,81807222

(C-S) =55,33256579

a = 55,33256579

198,81807222 181,87538814

L
L2

:
CS32 -

(9)

Lc-s = 1,71

(Lc-s = 1,71 ) = 1,263

S
H2N C NH2

LC

= 1,71

LC

= 1,33

(C-S) = 1,263
S=C=S

(10)

(C-N) = 1,686

Lc-s = 1,5529

(17)

(Lc-s = 1,5529 ) = 2,722

= f(L) CS '.
' :
CS

L = 1,818

= 259,594 /

(2)

C=S

L = 1,6108

= 728,538 /

(2)

CS

L = 1,53492

= 709,606 /

(7)

6. = f(L) -S '.

1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

x (L, )

1,81800
4114,57621622 1,61080
2890,07282747 1,53492

0,62080954 0,38540448 6627,75936908

0,65149975 0,42445193 4436,03058434

1.27230929 0.80985641 11063.78995342 7004.64904369 4.96372

1/ x1 = 0,55005501

x1 = 1,81800

(1/x2) = 1,11241692

y (, /)

259,594
728,538
709,606
1697.738

y = 259,594

(1/x) = 1,82236429

c = -71414,57485742

b = 90244,55278987

E c-s =-27772,64385690

a = -27772,64385690

90244,55278987 71414,57485742

L
L2

:
SC=S

Lc-s = 1,5529

c-s = 128 /

(L = 1,5529 ) = 726,729 / = 173,576 /

(11)

= f(L) = f(L) NN '.

' :
NN

= 160,781 /

(2)

N=N

= 418,000 /

(40)

NN

= 945,333 /

(18)

' :
H2NNH2

L = 1,4530

(26)

HN=NH

L = 1,2300

(27)

NN

L = 1,0976

(28)

= f(L)
7. = f(L) NN '.
1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

0,81300813 0,66098222 8,01430493

0,91107872 0,83006443 8,97474845
1.72408685 1.49104665 16.98905339
7

x (L, )

y ()

6,51569507
8,17670231

1,4530
1,2300
1,0976

1
2
3

14.69239737

3.7806

1/ x1 = 0,68823125

x1 = 1,4530

(1/x2) = 1,96470890

y = 1

(1/x) = 2,41231809

c = 9,79339013

b = -6,68791795

(N-N) = 0,96407492

a = 0,96407492

6,68791795 9,79339013

L
L2

E = f(L) N-N '.

8. = f(L) N-N '.
1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

x (L, )

y (, /)

0,81300813 0,66098222 2061,43150049 1675,96056951

0,91107872 0,83006443 3520,57842393 3207,52407428

1,4530
1,2300
1,0976

160,781
418,000
945,333

1.72408685 1.49104665 5582.00992443 4883.48464379

3.7806

1524.114

1/ x1 = 0,68823125

x1 = 1,4530

(1/x2) = 1,96470890

y = 160,781

(1/x) = 2,41231809

c = 14878,53765631

b = -20274,81508318

E (N-N) =7067,14065437

a = 7067,14065437

20274,81508318 14878,53765631

L
L2

:
N2+

= 2,835,

L = 1,116 ,

= 846,001 /

= 843,26 /

(19)

= f(L) NO '.
' :
NH2 OH

LN

= 1,453

(20)

= 1

CH3 NO2

LN

= 1,224

(12)

= 1,5

LN

= 1,1507 (19)

NO

= 2,5

(20)

 9. = f(L) N- '.
1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1/x

0,81699346 0,66747832 3,88312664

0,86903624 0,75522398 8,29623106
1.68602970 1.42270230 12.17935770
1/ x1 = 0,68823125

x1 = 1,4530

(1/x2) = 1,89636455
c = 84,79763896

x (L, )

y ()

3,17248908
7,20972544

1,4530
1,2240
1,1507

1,0
1,5
2,5

10.38221452

3.8277

5.0

y = 1,0

(1/x) = 2,37426095
b = -123,75637485

a = 46,00756377

(N-O) = 46,00756377

123,75637485 84,79763896

L
L2

N2O

(30)

NN = 1,1282
NO = 1,1843

(NO) (L = 1,1843 ) = 1,969 1,97

(NN) (L = 1,1282 ) = 2,730
NO3

L(NO) = 1,243

(31)

(L = 1,243 ) = 1,328 1,33

= f(L) NO '.
' :
NO

E = 221,900 /

(22)

N=O

= 607,086 /

(22)

NO

L = 1,15070

NO

L = 1,453

= 626,847 /
(NH2OH)

(19)

(20)

L N=O = 2 :
(N-O) = 46,00756377
2 = 46,00756377

123,75637485 84,79763896

L
L2

123,75637485 84,79763896

L
L2
9

44,00756377 L 123,75637485 L + 84,79763896 = 0

L = 1,18208253
L = 1,63007893 , ', ,
< 1.
,

N=O

= 2

L = 1,18208253

NO

L = 1,453

E = 221,900 /

N=O

L = 1,18208253

= 607,086 /

NO

L = 1,1507

= 626,847 /

10. = f(L) NO '.

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1/x

x (L, )

y (, /)

1,45300000 221,900
0,84596462 0,71565614 2442,00695125 2065,85148606 1,18208253 607,086
0,86903624 0,75522398 2239,68925320 1946,37112471 1,15070000 626,847

1.71500086 1.47088013 4681.69620445 4012.22261077 3.78578253 1455.833

1/ x1 = 0,68823125

x1 = 1,4530

(1/x2) = 1,94454237

y = 221,900

(1/x) = 2,40323211

c = -8769,11638979

b = 15895,54907490

E (N-O) =-6564,31416262

a = -6564,31416262

15895,54907490 8769,11638979

L
L2

:
CH3 NO2

LN

= 1,224

E(L = 1,224 ) = 569,050 /

= f(L) CP '.
H2PCH3

Lcp = 1,858

(23)

(CH3 )3 P=CH2

Lc=p = 1,640

(24)

= 2

HCP

Lcp = 1,5421

(17), (25)

= 3

Lcp = 1,54

(25)

Lcp = 1,5421 (17)

10

= 1

 11. = f(L) CP '.

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1/x

x (L, )

y ()

0,60975610 0,37180250 13,97761468

0,64846638 0,42050864 18,14005571

8,52293578
11,76321621

1,8580
1,6400
1,5421

1
2
3

1.25822247 0.79231114 32.11767039

20.28615199

5.0401

1/ x1 = 0,53821313

x1 = 1,8580

(1/x2) = 1,08198452
c = 107,52805439

y = 1

(1/x) = 1,79643561
b = -109,46128312

(C-P) = 28,76548555

a = 28,76548555

109,46128312 107,52805439

L
L2

- '.
' :
3

L- = 1,2717

(32)

L- = 1,20735

(33)

H22

L- = 1,452

(34)

' (35)
2 = 2

119,11 4,184 = 498,356 /

3 = 2 +

25,6 4,184 = 107,110 / -

OO

E = 33,2 4,187 = 139,008 /

(2)

- ' 1,5 :
3 = 2 +

107,110 /

2 = +

498,356 /

3 = + +

498,356 / + 107,110 /

1,5 O 1,5

',
- 1,5 = 302,733 /
11

302,733 =

(498,356 + 107,110)
2

HOOH

(-) = 1

.O. +_
.
...+ ._
+. _.+.
.O..
..O..

(-) = 1,5

..O.+ .._ ..+_ ._. O.+ ..

+ +

...O ..O..

(-) = 2

H22

L- = 1,452

= 1

= 139,008 /

L- = 1,2717

= 1,5

= 302,733 /

L- = 1,20735

= 2

= 498,356 /

12. = f(L) OO '.

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1/x

0,78634898 0,61834472 5,12065557

0,82826024 0,68601502 7,16563335
1.61460922 1.30435975 12.28628893
1/ x1 = 0,68870523

x1 = 1,452

(1/x2) = 1,77867464
c = 48,79304255

x (L, )

y ()

4,02662230
5,93500920

1,45200
1,27170
1,20735

1,0
1,5
2,0

9.96163149

3.93105

4.5

y = 1,0

(1/x) = 2,30331446
b = -66,85172754

(O-O) = 23,89786759

a = 23,89786759

66,85172754 48,79304255

L
L2

13. = f(L) OO '.

1/x

1/x

y y 1

1 / x y y 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

1 / x 1 / x 1

x (L, )

y (, /)

0,78634898 0,61834472 1676,75866772 1318,51747088

0,82826024 0,68601502 2574,95601441 2132,73368486

1,45200
1,27170
1,20735

139,008
302,733
498,356

1.61460922 1.30435975 4251.71468213 3451.25115574

3.93105

940.097

12

1/ x1 = 0,68870523

x1 = 1,452

(1/x2) = 1,77867464

(1/x) = 2,30331446

c = 21430,93279023

b = -29935,02909385

E (O-O) =10590,40848780

HCNO

y1= 139,008
a = 10590,40848780

29935,02909385 21430,93279023

L
L2

L C-H = 1,0266

(36)

L C-N = 1,1679
L N-O = 1,1994

....O...

(L C-N = 1,1679 ) = 2,897

H C N O

(L N-O = 1,1994 ) = 1,772

H C N

HNCO

HN=C=O

L H-N = 0,987

(36)

L N-C = 1,207
L C-O = 1,171
(L N-C = 1,207 ) = 2,549
(L C-O = 1,171 ) = 2,392

HNCS

L H-N = 0,988

(36)

HN=C=S

L N-C = 1,216
L C-S = 1,560
(L C-N = 1,216 ) = 2,475
(L C-S = 1,560 ) = 2,620

114

0,98

N1

N2
1,24

N1

N2 N3

N3

1,13

(L N1-N2 =1,24 ) = 1,940

( ~ 1,65)

(37)

(L N2 -N3 =1,13 ) = 2,715 ( ~ 2,64)

(L N-N =1,18 ) = 2,330
13

L N-N ~ 1,18

(37)

..N.
_

N2O

.N. ...
.. N.....O..

...

N O

NN = 1,1282

(30)

NO = 1,1843
(L N-N = 1,1282 ) = 2,730
(L N-O = 1,1843 ) = 1,969

.N+ _
+
..O._.+.. ..+.._O..+
..
.
_

NO2

N2O

.N ...
.. N.....O..
+_+

NN = 1,154

L N-O = 1,197

(38)

(NO) = 1,802

(30)

NO = 1,185
(L N-N = 1,154 ) = 2,523
(L N-O = 1,185 ) = 1,959

NO2

...O

..
N
.
..O... ....O..
..
..

.O..

L N-O = 1,200

NO = 1,236

(39)

(NO) = 1,388 1,39

(30)

(NO) = 1,765

14

.
1. . . , , 1973 , .143
( Structure and mechanism in organic chemistry. Second Edition, INGOLD C.
K., Cornell University press Ithaca and London, 1969).
2. . (1), .116.
3. .., .., .., .., ..
. . .
, , 1962 , .69-70.
4. Cottrell T.L. The Strengths of Chemical Bonds. Butterworths Scientific Publications, London,
1958.
5. . . , , 1967 , .141 (
Electrons and chemical Bonding, Harry B. Gray, New York, Amsterdam, 1965).
6. . (1), .140.
7. .., .., .. .
: . , , 1979 , .36.
8. . (1), .144.
9. . . , , 1988 , .3, .17 (
Structural inorganic chemictry, fifth Edition, Wells A. F. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986).
10. . (9), .17-18.
11. . (5), .117.
12. . (7), .416.
13. . (7), .367.
14. . . , , 1987 , .2, .566 (
Structural inorganic chemictry, fifth Edition, Wells A. F. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1986).
15. . (7), .365.
16. . (7), .198.
17. . (7), .106.
18. . ., . ., . ., . ., . .,
. ., . . .
. , , 1974 , .97.
19. . (7), .42.
20. . (7), .312.
21. . (7), .216.
22. ., . . , , 1975
15

, .20 ( MCANISMES RACTIONNELS EN CHIMIE ORGANIQUE

MATHIEU J., PANICO R., Hermann, 1972).
23. . (14), .612.
24. . . . , , 1994 , .255.
25. . (14), .611.
26. . . , , 1987 , .2, .558
( Wells A. F. Structural inorganic chemictry, Fifth Edition, Clarendon Press,
Oxford).
27. . . , , 1987 , .2, .562
( Wells A. F. Structural inorganic chemictry, Fifth Edition, Clarendon Press,
Oxford).
28. ., . . - , ,
. , , 1976 , .127 ( THE CHEMIST'S
COMPANION. A HANDBOOK OF PRACTICAL DATA, TECHNIQUES, AND REFERENCES.
ARNOLD J. GORDON Pfizer, Inc., RICHARD A. FORD Montgomery College, A WILEYINTERSCIENCE PUBLICATION, JOHN WILEY AND SONS, New York London Sydney
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29. . (7), .110.
30. . (7), .124.
31. . (7), .218.
32. . (7), .130.
33. . (7), .46-47.
34. . (7), .236.
35. . (18), .106.
36.. (7), .200.
37. . (14), .564.
38. . (7), .122.
39. . (14), .577.
40. . (14), .543.

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