3

(AGGREGATES)

1.
2.

3.



70% - 80%

1. (Natural Mineral Aggregate)

(Crushed Stone)
(Pebble) (Sand)
2. (Artificial Aggregate)
(Burnt Clay)

1. (Light Weight Agg.)

2. (Normal Weight Agg.)

3. (Heavy Weight Agg.)


1. (Light Weight Agg.)
300 - 1,100 /3

Diatomite, Pumice, Scoria,
Volcanic Cinder, Tuf

(clay) ,
(shale ) , (slate ) , perlite
, vermiculite


2. (Normal Weight Agg.)

1,500 1,800 /3
2.5 - 2.8



3. (Heavy Weight Agg.)



4


Barite,
Hematite, Magnetite, Limonite
2,400 - 3,100 /3

1. (Coarse Aggregate)

10 . (3/8 ) 25 . (1 )

(Crushed Stone)


2. (Fine Aggregate)

4.75 .
0.074 .

 0.074 .

2
1. (Silt)
0.074 . - 0.002 .
2. (Clay)
0.002 .
*



5
1. (Strength)
2.
(Abrasion
Resistance)
3. (Chemical Stability)
4. (Particle Shape and
Surface Texture)
5. (Cleanness)

1. (Strength)

700 - 3,500
ksc(kg/cm^2)

Granite

278

1,800

Limestone

241

1,600

Sandstone

79

1,300

Marble

34

1,200

Quartzite

26

2,600

./..

Gneiss

36

1,500

Schist

31

1,700

U.S. Bureau of Public R

2.
(Abrasion Resistance)


ASTM C 131 Los Angeles Abrasion Test
Los Angeles Abrasion Machine
- (X) 500
- No.12
- (Y)
- Abrasion Percentage of Wear
Percentage of Wear = (X Y) / X %
X =
Y = No.12

Los Angeles Abrasion Machine

3. (Chemical
Stability)
-



- (Reactive aggregate) (Alkalis)








Na2O K2O 0.6

4.
(Particle Shape and Surface Texture)
3
1. (Chunky)
: :
2. (Flaky, Plate-like)
: 3 : 1
3. (Elongated, Needle-like)
: 3 : 1 : 1


Chunky

Shape

Irregular

Highly

Irregular

Platelike
Flaky

Needlelik
e
Elongate
d

Round

Cubical

Z

1 : 1 : 1

3 : 1

x : y : z

x : y

 . 566

(Irregular)

(Angular)

(Round)

(Flaky)

 . 566

 BS
882
1.

(Thickness gauge)
0.6

1 1
= 0.6 (1.5 + 1)/2 =
0.75
(Flakiness Index) = (Y/X) 100 %
Y =
X =


BS 882

1. 20-35 MPa (200-350

ksc)
- 40% (Crushed Rock)
- 50% (Uncrushed
Gravel)
2. 35 MPa (>350
ksc)
- 35%


BS
882
2.

-
-
(Length gauge)

1.8

(Elongation Index) = (B/A) 100 %

A =
B =

5. (Cleanness)


-

-

-

 (Silt)

200
(Strength) (Durability)
* ASTM C 33
3% - 5%


(ASTM C 33)

(Clay Lumps)

(Silt) 200
1.
2.

(Coal) (Lignite)
1.
2.

1.00

0.25

3.00

1.00

0.50

0.50

5.00

5.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.
(Absorption)
2. (Specific
Gravity)
3. (Unit Weight)
4. (Gradation)

1.
(Absorption)

.
.

 (States of
Moisture)

4
1. (Oven-dry, OD)
105oC

2. (Air-dry, AD)

3. (Saturated Surface-dry, SSD)

(Absorption)
4. (Wet)

Oven-dry

Air-dry

Wet
Saturated-Surface
dry

2. (Specific
Gravity)

 (Apparent Specific Gravity)

Sand

Limestone

Sandstone
Granite

Trap rock

Barite

Hematite

Magnetite

2.50 - 2.80

2.55

2.40 - 2.60

2.50

2.50 - 2.80
2.60 - 2.70
2.70 - 3.00
4.00 - 4.60
4.60 - 5.20
4.60 - 5.20

2.66
2.69
2.90
4.20
4.80
4.80

3.
(Unit Weight)

=
/ .
V

Unit Weight
- (Loose
Unit Weight)
-
(Dry-rodded Unit Weight)

 (Percentage of Void)

(Void)
(Bulk volume)

Vv

Vs
Vv
Percentage of void

X 100

4.
(Gradation of
Aggregate)

1.

2.

(Sieve analysis)

* 2.5

63.5

3/8

* 2

50.8

No.4

4.76

1.5

38.1

No.8

2.36

* 1

25.4

No.16

1.18

3/4

19.0

No.30

0.60

* 1/2

12.7

No.50

0.30

3/8

9.5

No.100

0.15

9.50


(Adjustment
of Gradation)

ASTM C 33

2
1.
2.

 (Bulking of
Sand)

( %)

40
40

30
30
20
20

10
10

00

) )
)

10

10

(% )

15

15

20

20

THE END

5210110214