Chi tit Hand lettering Biksence

Mc lc

Vn ca Hand- lettering

C bn v b cc

From mt dng
nghing
B cc 2 dng v bt cp
Cc v d

4
8
9
14

Chi tit letters

Head stroke
16

Head stroke Serif
17

Head stroke San-Serif and Script 19

Linh hn ca letterings
21

Ch ci u tin
22

Ch ci c bit
24

Gch chn
25

Vit thng, vit hoa, small cap
26

Trang tr L
28
Gai 29

Trang tr bn trong
29

Kt hp
30
Bng 31
Gi style

Gi cc khong cch
Gi Head stroke
Gi decorations

32
34
36

Cc bc

Cc bc

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Vn ca Hand lettering
Ti bt u lettering bng cch hc thuc v sao chp ca ngi khc. Vo
nhng thi k u, ti thy nhng ch ci tht qu n gin lm vicnhng khi mun tm kim mt s nng cp bn thn, v ti thy n qu
n gin nn thnh ra qu kh bin ha, th tr thnh mt vn
thc s phc tp. Nhng sau nhiu thi gian mit mi, ti tm ra c mt
vi quy lut c bn nht, l nhng nn mng c bn ti cht lc c sau
rt nhiu nhng cng vic thc t v nhng kin thc tham kho qua
sch v hay cc trang mng.
V nu bn c thi gian tm hiu v typo, ti tin cha c mt cun sch
no ch cho bn v Hand- lettering v cch bt u. Hu ht cc cun sch
(sch ting Anh- Amazon) u cho bn khi nim typo c bn, nu c ni
v lettering th ch l nhng artbook, nhng artwork su tp. V n gin,
n chng a cho chng ta g ngoi nhng kin thc c m ha l t.
Mc ch chnh ca Hand- lettering l th hin ni dung chng ta mong
mun thng qua hnh nh v cng chnh l thng qua cc ch ci. Ci ta
mun hiu v nm bt chnh l hnh nh, hay cc con ch, cc chi tit kt
hp li to cho cc ch ci c mt th ta gi l kh cht mood. Kh cht l
ci to cho mi mt kiu ch c mt tnh cch v sc sng ring. Nhng
nm bt c kh cht l mt qu trnh tri nghim v th nghim di.
Theo cng thc, Serif bao gi cng lch s v c in, v San th lc no
cng phng khong v hin i ... ci ch ng mt phn .V trong thc
t cng vic, chuyn bt gp mt khch hng mong mun logo/text ca
h, va lch s va hin i, li d tip cn v ti gin hay va lch s li
va phng khong, khng phi l trng hp him gp. Chng ta cn hiu
bn cht- chnh l cc chi tit, kim sot v s dng kh cht theo cch
ta mong mun, khng phi nhng cng thc kh cng.
lm c vic , cng chnh l ni dung cun sch ny, ti phn chia
mt artwork thnh 2 phn c bn, l Form v nghing. V vi vic
bt cp bt k mt mnh no trong 2 phn, ta c th to ra mt b cc c
bn u tin. Sau khi chn b cc xong, l vic la chn, sans hay serif hay

script, v chn tip ta nn vit hoa, vit thng hay chn small caps, v
tip n tnh ton cc kt ni, hay cc im nhn
Ti tp trung vo cc chi tit nh, v ti c gng lit k ra cc trng hp
c s dng ph bin, ngoi chi tit ti cng c tm ra mt s trng hp
tng qut chng ta khng nhng s dng, m cn p dng sng to ra
nhng th ca ring chng ta. Bn c th thy chi tit, v tm hiu v n,
vi vic s dng nhiu bn s nhn ra bn c th nm bt n d dng. V
n thc s l ca ta ch khng cn l ca mt ai khc.
Cui cng, sau khi bn c chi tit, vic cn lm l ghp chng li thnh
mt bc tranh hon chnh. V n l ca bn. Ti khng th ni chnh xc
n s c kh cht ra sao, nhng bn s thc s kim sot c n khi bn
hiu c n.

Hand- lettering l s tinh t trong s dng cc ch ci, vi linh hn l cc kt

ni v s uyn chuyn lin kt trong mi k t c th. N khc hon ton vi
cc font v typeface, khi cc ch ci ch l n l v hot ng ring r v c
ta, c to ra ghp vi bt k ch ci no trong cng b.

Cc v d minh ha trn y phn ln l cc sn phm thng mi ca c

nhn ti vi cc khch hng US, EU, phn ln l nc ngoi, cn li l cc
artworks ca cc Typographer c chia s cng khai trn behance.net,
sau y l cc ngun chnh.

Martin Schmetzer : www.behance.net/PapperOPenna

Mateusz Witczak : www.behance.net/mateuszwitczak

Ti : www.instagram.com/biks.ence
www.behance.net/biksence

C bn v b cc
Form 1 dng
y l cc dng b cc chnh mt dng, hay l cc form 1 dng. y ti
s lit k ra cc form thng thng c a chung s dng, v bn di
n l cc bin th.

1
1a

2a
Trong thc t 2a l mt
trong nhng form c
a chung hn v s
tinh t ca n

3a

3b

6b

6a

Mt vi form c th chng ta t bt gp, nhng

n ng tham kho v cho chng ta mt ci
nhn rng hn, v cng l bn th nhng
iu mi m hn ngoi nhng form c bn.
V r rng, sng to dnh cho bn, cng nh
mc cao nht ca sng to l ph lut, v hy
lm nh vy vi letterings.

7a

Tip n l cc bin th v phn chiu ca form, v v th ti khng t

n gn vi phn trn nhm cho cc bn mt ci nhn tng quan trc. Cc
bin th v phn chiu, cng nh tng gc nghing hay lt ngc 180
l nhng bin th quan trng, v khi ta nhn bit chng mt cch r rng,
ta s c mt ci nhn tng quan hn v ton b b cc mt dng, l tin
cho phn tip.

1f

3f

2f

3af

2af

3bf

4f

5f

6f

7af

6af

8f

9f

 nghing
s1

s2

s3

s4

Yu t c bn th hai : nghing. Trong thut ng c bn ca font n l

cc danh t nh (obique, italic). Nhng vi letters, chng ta kim sot c
mi th nn nghing thc s l mt vn ng bn khi ta l ngi t
mnh quyt nh chng.
S rt kh kim mt gc nghing hon ho m n ph thuc vo tng
tnh hung ring. Nhng ngi ta a chung nghing phi, tc l cc letters v pha phi, n lm cho chng gn gi v d tip cn hn. Gc nghing t 40-<90 c u chung nht (hp bi nghing v ng
baseline).
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B cc 2 dng v bt cp
Ti s dng t bt cp. V bng vic phn cu to text thnh 2 phn l
form v nghing (slope), ta phn cp cho chng, v nh , chng
ta r rng tch bt c mt text no thnh 2 phn.
B cc 2 dng - hay 3 dng cng l b cc thng thy, v bn cht b cc
2 dng v 3 dng ch l s kt hp t cc b cc mt dng s dng cc
nghing c th ging hoc khc nhau (khc nhau khi ta s dng 2 loi
typeface). V ti dng t bt cp v l do .
Di y l nhng g ti mun ni.

7 l form ca dng 1
3f l form dng 2
s1 l nghing
7
3f
s1

6a
6a
s1

2a
2a
s3

3
3
s1

6a
6a
s3

10

5
5
s1

2
2
s1

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V sau y ti s tng hp mt s cc cch bt cp thng thng hay gp,

v bn c th s dng chng d dng, v d nhin, nghing l iu
chng ta thoi mi la chn.

12

V ging nh b cc 2 dng, tt c cc b cc 3 hay 4 dng u c chung

mt cu to c bn. l bt cp.

13

Cc v d
Martin Schmetzer

2 1 1 2 -s1
2 2 2 2-s1
3b f3 f1-s1

3bf 3bf-s1
5f 5f-s2
6-s1

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6b -s1

6b 6b-s1

Mateusz Witczak

3bf-s4 2-s2 3bf-s4

1 1 -s1

1 1 1 1 -s2s5
1 1- s2

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Chi tit letters

Head stroke serifs
Head stroke l phn u (hoc chn) bt k ca mt letter. y l nhng
head stroke bn s thng nhn thy.
Vi chng ny, ti s ni n mt s mu v head stroke ca : serif, sans,
v sript. Vi cc mu letter hin i y l 3 thnh phn chnh to nn ch,
ngoi ra cn digital, dingbat ... mt vi cc bin th khc nhng c l ti
khng cp n y.
Head stroke

Head stroke

Ti gp Script v Sans- Serif vo chung mt phn bi v s tng ng

ca chng, v c bn chng u khng c chn, v vi digital Script, khi s
dng ta s cm thy chng s c nhng bin ha s dng c hu hiu
cho nhau, v bn c th dng bt k head stroke no ca Sans-Serif cho
Script v ngc li.

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Head stroke Serifs

y l mt vi cc Serif
c s dng kh ph bin.
Ti sp xp chng theo mt
s cc c im.
Hng 1 v 2 l chiu cao ca
Serif.
Hng 2 v 3 khi ta thay i
chiu cao ca chng, hng 3
thay i rng ca chng.
Hng 4 l mt s cc bin
th khc, cng vi Lack
Serif.

V y l vi form c
bn nht. Khi c cc
form nghing s iu
chnh theo.

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V y l cc v d.

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Headstroke San-Serifs and Scripts

y l cc trng hp c bn, ti ch hng cc head stroke sang mt

bn, vi cc bin th khc bn c th to mi bng cch lt chng li.
Hng cui cng khng phi thuc v Sans- Serif, n nghing v cc custom serif, v mang m du cc head stroke ca calligraphy. Nhng ti vn
thm n vo cho tng phn tham kho.
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20

Linh hn ca Letters
Linh hn ca Hand- lettering l hnh dng mi con ch ca chng, n l
s lin kt, s tng tc, v cc mi quan h gia cc k t ng gn v xa
nhau. N l im khc bit ln nht gia lettering typography vi vic sp
xp cc ch ci thng thng t font hay typefact. Vi font, cc ch ci
c to ra ng ring bit v c lp. Trong khi vi lettering linh hn
nm s kt ni, nm cch m cc ch ci lin h vi cc ch ci cn li
trong t, nm s c bit v hnh dng, v kch c, hay v ci cch m
n th hin ni dung. mi chnh l lettering, v l ci m bt k mt
typeface no cng khng th c c.
Trong phn ny chng ta s thy cc yu t to nn s khc bit :
Ch ci u tin : mt ch ci c th ln hn (hoc vit hoa) khc bit so
vi cc ch ci cn li lm im nhn ni bt dng ch

n : Mt ch ci duy nht trong mt dng.

i ch ci u dng lin kt : 2 ch ci u dng (c th l 3

hoc 4) c bit lin kt vi nhau v lin kt vi cc k t cn li.

Kt hp vi ch ci cui cng : mt la chn hon ho cho mt

b cc cn i.

Gch chn : tt c cc artwork u c th s dng gch chn cho mnh

khng k n l Serif, hay Sans hay Scritp. Gch chn l cch hiu qu nht
kt ni cc k t ring bit li vi nhau, n gip cc ch ci bt khong
cch, n gip cc phn di thp (hoc cao (descender and ascender) th
hin mnh mt cch hiu qu v bt lc lng. Mt la chn hiu qu v
khng km phn tinh t.
Ch ci c bit : mt hay nhiu ch ci c bit nm xung quanh cc ch
ci bnh thng.
Vit hoa - Vit thng - Small cap : 3 la chn c bn khng th thiu
khi ta cn nhc khi bt u. (Small cap l ty chn vit hoa cc ch thng
vi cng kch c (vn gi gia X-height v Baseline, V d Biksence)

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Ch ci u tin
n

i ch ci u dng lin kt

22

Kt hp vi ch ci cui cng

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Ch ci c bit
Ch ci c bit l mt ch ci khc vi cc ch ci bnh thng khc trong
t, bng cch ko di, hoc bin th cc nt khc, n s l mt yu t kt
ni, lin kt vi cc ch ci khc hoc lin k vi dng khc.

1: S, M, N, G
2: W,S

1: R, H
2: P,N

1: S
2: S

1: A
2: L, O

24

Gch chn

25

Vit hoa - Vit thng - Small cap

26

Trang tr
Chng ta s c

Gai

Trang tr bn trong

Kt hp

Bng

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L
Mt l
3 v tr: trn di, v
gia.

Mt vi bin th: l bn
trong, l ngc, v l
hng ln.

L i
L i: cng bn, ngc
bn, i din.

i l ct.

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Gai
Gai mt bn, gai hai
bn, v gai i

2 gai i din v gai ln

bn trong

Trang tr bn trong

Cc trang tr bn trong
v bng bn trong.

29

V kt hp cc trang tr vi nhau

Cc v d

30

Bng

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Gi style
Gi cc khong cch
Gi cc nt ca cc ch ci

1: Gi cc chiu rng
ca cc nt ch ln.
2: Gi chiu rng ca
cc nt ngang nh.

3: Gi cc khong cch
bn trong cc ch.

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V cng gi cc nt
dc c thanh ln
m.

Gi tracking v kerning

y l mt v d
cho tracking- hay l
khong cch gia cc
ch ci (trong trng
hp mi ch ci c
to nn trong mt
khun ch nht)
V di y l mt v
d v s khc bit v
tracking v kerning. V
trong Hand- lettering
th mi ch ci thng
c khun ch nht rt
ln, nn ti u ha
s s dng, chng ta
thng lm khun b
li cho ph hp.

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* Vi nhng v d di y bn c th thy cc khong cch l khng qu

ng u, nhng v cc khong cch chu rt nhiu chi phi bi yu t th
gic nn chng ta khng nht thit phi qu cu n g vo mt khong
cch bng nhau tuyn i, nht l vi cc khong cch khng d nh
nhiu trng hp kerning. Vy nu bn nhn thy c mt s khong cch
no khng n, v cn sa v n qu nh, hoc ln (theo mt) hy sa n
mt cch thoi mi tm mt yu t ph hp nht .

Gi cc serifs
Vng, chng ta cn phi gi ci Serif, hoc cc head stroke nhm m bo
c text chy theo mt hng nht nh, v n l mt yu t rt quan trng
gi mood. Bn c th mc sai lm trong vic la chn Serif, nhng vi
bt ch v ty bn s d dng sa cha chng.

Gi mt loi head
stroke.

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Gi hai head stroke

khc nhau, khoanh
vung v khoanh trn
l 2 head stroke khc
bit

D l Sans- Serif hay

Script cng vic chng
ta vn tng t nh
vy.

35

Gi cc trang tr
V cui cng, gi cc trang tr ging nhau tng ch ci

Gi l tri cho tt c
cc ch ci.

Gi 2 trang tr l l
trong v gai n.

36

Cc bc
Ni dung:
Ti s s dng mt trng hp tht vi ni dung l phn yu cu ca mt
khc hng m ti lm vic cng. V yu cu ca h l : mt phong cch
khe mnh, vi 2 ch ci c b cc vo 2 dng, n cn cng rn nhng
vn phi to ra s mm mi cn bng. y ch l mt n hng gi
thp nhng vi yu t bn quyn, ti ch ly ni dung ca cuc trao i,
thay vo ti s thay vo hai t khcBiksence a sample. Ti s lit k cc
bc ti tri qua, km vi l cch ti suy ngh v nh hng trong mi
bc, n l nhng qu trnh tng hp xuyn sut cc chng lit k
t u. Tuy nhin y ch l mt cch lm vic tham kho, bn c th ng
dng v thc hnh theo bt k cch no bn mun nu n thun tin vi
bn hn.

Bc 1: To form v nging
Ti ngh nhng ch ci
thng ng s mang
c v m v
cng rn. Cng vi ,
mt form hnh sng
un ln v nhng
ch ci cao s gip
ti cn bng s n tnh
trong vic to ra cc
ch ci khe mnh.

37

Bc 2: Phc ha nt ch c bn v to lin kt
Tip theo chng ta s
tnh n vic la chn
kiu ch, v ti u
tin chn serif trong
trng hp ny, theo
ti mt dng chn
cng cp v dy dn
s gip cho cc letter
mnh m hn.

2 ch ci u dng lin kt
Kerning LE
To B, A, N, M, L thnh k t c
bit

Ta v phc cc nt ch
mun to cng vi cc
lin k m ta mun.
Mt artwork p v
tinh t l khi cc ch
ci c n khp v
lin kt uyn chuyn
vi nhau. C th vic
ny s tn thi gian v
cng sc ca bn kha
kh, nhng nu bn
lm tt n th kt qu
cui cng s khng
khin bn tht vng.
Cui cng khi bn
phc xong, hy nhn li
chng mt lt, nu
bn cm thy n, hy
chuyn sang bc tip
theo.

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Bc 3: Hon thnh cc nt
Tip n, chng ta s
tp chung vo cc chi
tit, u tin l cc
head stroke, chng
ta s xc nh n (1
hoc 2 head stroke)
v sau a chng
ra cc nt phc hon
thin, v hy ghi nh gi cc khong cch (
tracking, kerning, ).

Hai kiu head stroke

Sa ch P
M rng ch L

Bc 4: Thm bng v trang tr

V chng ta c th
sa mt vi th nu ta
khng thy hp l, ti
thay i ch P, ct
ui n i.
y cng l mt trong
cc bc quan trng
nht ca vic phc
tho, v hnh dng ca
cc ch hu nh c
hon thin. Hy lm
chng vi tt c kh
nng ca bn, sau
tip n bc 4 ch l,
thm cc trang tr v
bng vo cch chi tit.
Vy l chng ta xong
bc phc tho.

39

Bc 5: a chng ln vector

V cui cng sau khi

kt thc cng on
phc tho, ta s scan
hoc chp li chng v
a ln Ai li.

V y l kt qu cui
cng

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Li kt
Nu bn thch cun sch ny th iu thc s tuyt vi i vi ti. V ti
bit cun sch ny cn hon thin thm nhiu th na, c nhiu chng
hn na, nhng vi thi gian v nng lc c hn ti cha th hon thnh
ht nhng g mnh mong mun. Gi s nh vic trnh by cc minh ha
kt hp vi cc ch ci chng hn, minh ha cha phi chuyn mn ca ti
nn d ti thc s mun c chng nhng cui cng ti t thn bn
thn mnh khng lm c.
V vi nhng c gng nh ca ti, ti bit s cn rt nhiu thiu st trong
vic truyn ti ni dung v cu ch. V ti rt vui nu nhn c kin
ng gp ca cc bn v ni dung cng nh bt c iu g bn thy v
cun sch ny, ti xin lng nghe chn trng v lm ht sc c th lm
n tt hn. Bn c th gi email cho ti vo a ch di y, ti s c gng
tr li vi bn sm nht c th.
Biksence@gmail.com
Li cui cng vi nhng ai c ht cun sch ny.
Ti xin chn trng cm n rt nhiu.

Bn c th tm v lin lc ti ti
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