Lesson:

STUDY OF SOME DIGITAL ICs

INTRODUCTION
Most modern electronic devices such as mobile telephones and computers depend on digital
circuit. In fact, most electronics devices that we found in our home and in industry depend on
digital circuits to work. Digital circuits are based on Boolean logic. That is, a series of 1s and 0s.
For instance, if current is present, this is represented as 1. If current is not present, this is
represented as 0.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
By the end of this lesson, each student should be able to:
Connect a 4017 , 4033, 4047, 4060 and 4511 integrated circuit correctly
List some application domain of 4017, 4033, 4047, 4060 and 4511 ICs
I.

Generality on Digital ICs

a) Description

All digital integrated circuit are made up of large number of logic gate. The simplest models are
made up of four logic gate of two inputs and one output each. Most digital ICs are in a DIL package
that is, Dual In Line, meaning there are two rows of pins. For example DIL14 or DIL16 mean an
ICs of 14 or 16 pins separate in two row.

Figure I.1: Example of a DIL14 digital IC

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b) Principle of functioning
The operation of digital IC looking at the simplest model are very simple. just supply the IC by
a suitable positive voltage and then apply two signals on the two inputs of the same gate. The output
will be either a high state or low state.
c) Characteristic of digital ICs
The general characteristics of digital IC are:

II.

The supply voltage range (VDD)

Current sourcing

Speed of response

Power dissipation per package (Ptot)

Power dissipation per output (P)

Operating ambient temperature (Tamb)

Output voltage low (VOL)

Output voltage high (VHL)

Some useful digital ICs

There are a variety of circuit configurations or more appropriately various approaches used to

produce different types of digital integrated circuit. Each such fundamental approach is called a
logic family. We distinguish many logic families but the most use and available in the market are
TTL and CMOS.
The popular CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) subfamilies include the
4000A, 4000B, 4000UB, 54/74C, 54/74HC, 54/74HCT, 54/74AC and 54/74ACT families. The
main advantages of this family is its low power dissipation which is near zero in static condition, a
large range of supply voltage (from 3 to 18 volt).
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II.1) The decimal counter: 4017

The 4017 is a decimal counter, able to count from 1 to 10. It has 16 pins among which we have
two complementary clock inputs: CP0 trigger counting on rising edge ( CP1 being maintained at the
low state), CP1 trigger counting on falling edge (CP0 being maintained at the high state). The
counting is indicated by a high state at the corresponding output. More precisely we will have
output 1 to high and all other outputs to the low state; then at the next pulse on the clock input,
output1 switch back to the low state and output2 switch to high, and so on.
Pin configuration

Symbol

Pin

Description

Q[0:9]

3,2,4,7,10,1,5,6,9,11

Decoded output

GND

Ground(0V)

Q5-9

12

Carry output (active low)

CP1

13

Clock input (high-to-low edge-triggerd

CP0

14

Clock input (low-to high edge-triggered

MR

15

Master reset input ( active High)

Vcc

16

Supply voltage
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 Example
Lets build a counter from 1 to 10 using 4017

Application exercise
Using a 4017 build a counter that will count from 1 to 100.

II.2) the counter/decoder: 4033

The 4033 is a Decoder IC, which is commonly used to drive 7 segment displays. After each
pulse on the clock input, the counter advance one by one.
Pin configuration

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Symbol

Pin

Description

Clock in

It receives clock signals, and at every positive clock

counter advances one by one.

Clock inhibit

If it is connected to the ground, the counter advances

one by one. If it connected to supply the counter
advancement will be inhibited or block.

Ripple blanking in

3 and 4

It is used to display only one zero blanking the other

zero. For this IC have ripple blanking in and ripple
blanking out

Carry out

Q[a : f]

6,7,9,10,11,12,13

7 decoded output from a to g used to illuminates the

corresponding segment of 7 segment display to
display the digit from 0 to 9.

Lamp test

14

it is used to check that all segments of 7 segment is

working properly or not. For testing momentarily
make the pin low.

Reset

15

It is used to reset the counter. It is active high

GND

It is used to complete one cycle for every 10 clock

input cycle and it also used to cascade more IC's.

ground pin

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VDD

16

power supply.

Example

II.3) The monostable/ astable multivibrator: 4047

The IC 4047 is capable of operating in either the monostable or astable mode. It requires an
external capacitor (between pins 1 and 3) and an external resistor (between pins 2 and 3) to
determine the output pulse width in the monostable mode, and the output frequency in the astable
mode. The formula for calculating the frequency or the RC components are:
F=

1
at pin1011
8.8 RC

F=

1
at pin13
4.4 RC

Where: F is in Hz, R in Ohms and C in Farads.

Pin configuration

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PINS CONNECTED TO
FUNCTION
Input pulse

OUTPUT PULSE FROM

PINS

VDD

Vss

astable multivibrator
(free running)

4, 5, 6, 14

7, 8, 9, 12

10, 11, 13

Monostable (positive
edge-triggering)

4 ,14

5, 6, 7, 9, 12

10, 11

Monostable (negative
edge-triggering)

4, 8, 14

5, 7, 9, 12

10, 11

retriggerable

4, 14

5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12

10, 11

Example
Let connect the 4047 in free running astable mode

Here R1, P1 and C1 determine the oscillator frequency of the IC and the output at pin10, 11
and 13. Basically R1, P1 togeter must not be less than 10K, and above 1M, while C1 should not be
less than 100pF (higher value have no restrictions) in order to maintain proper functioning of the
chip.
Pin 10 and 11 are complementary outputs which behave in a push-pull manner, meaning when
pin10 is high pin11 is low and vice versa.
Pin 13 is the clock output of the IC 4047, each high pulse measured at this output enables pin10/11
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to change positions with their logic levels, while low logics does not influence any response on
pin10/11.
Pin13 is normally kept open when not in use, it may be applied in cases where a frequency or
pulsed output may be required for the other stages of the circuit for enhancing purposes, such as for
making modified PWM based inverters etc.

II.4) 4060: 14-Stage Ripple Carry Binary Counter/Divider and Oscillator

IC 4060 is an Oscillator binary counter frequency divider. It is an excellent integrated circuit
for timing applications. Its ten active high outputs can give time delay from few seconds to hours.
The basic frequency of the internal oscillator (fosc) is determined by the value of the capacitor
connected to its pin 9 and that of the resistor in its pin 10 following the formular below:
f osc=

1
2 .5( R TC C TC )

Note that RTC must be greater than 10 k and less tha 1 M and CTC must be greater than 50pF.
Pin configuration

From Q4 to Q10 and from Q12 to Q14: counter outputs

RTC : external resistor connection

CTC: external capacitor connection
RS: clock input/ oscillator pin
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MR: master reset

Vcc: positive supply voltage
The 4060 is a particular counter, since each pulse on its clock input leads at its different
outputs, by a division of the frequency of the input signal. The frequence at each output obtained by
using the formular:
f n=

f osc
2n

Where:

n is the selected Q output number

Fn is the frequence of the output selected
Fosc is the oscillator frequency
Example

Let consider the figure below and determine

the period of the oscillator

the period of each output and plot output chronograms

II.5) 4511: the BCD-to-7 segment

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The 4511 is a BCD to 7-segment decoder driver. Its function is to convert the logic states at the
outputs of a BCD binary coded decimal(BCD), into signals which will drive a 7-segment display.
The 4511 is designed to drive a common cathode display and won't work with a common anode
display.
Pin configure

In normal operation, the lamp test and ripple blanking inputs are connected HIGH, and the
enable (store) input is connected LOW. When the lamp test input, pin 3, is made LOW, all the
segment outputs go HIGH regardless of all other input conditions.
With lamp test HIGH, if the ripple blanking input, pin 4, is made LOW, all the segment outputs are
forced LOW. This input can be used to blank leading zeros in a multi-digit display.
The enable/store input controls the action of a 4-bit latch inside the 4511. With enable LOW, the
outputs of the latch follow the logic states of the BCD inputs and the 7-segment outputs change
accordingly. If enable is made HIGH, the logic states present on the BCD inputs are stored. The 7segment outputs remain unchanged until enable is made LOW once more. This action allows the
display to be updated at intervals.
Example

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II.6) The MAN74

The MAN74 is a device that can display decimal numbers and are widely used in electronic
clocks, electronic meters, digital display panels and a hand full of applications where numerical data
is displayed. It has seven LED segments which can be individually controlled (ON/OFF) to display
the desired number from 0 to 9. The hexadecimal letters A to F can be also displayed. Those seven
LED segment displays are of two types: common cathode and common anode. In a common
cathode display, the cathode of all LED segments are tied together as one common cathode pin
and the anode terminals are left alone as input pins. In this scheme the common cathode is always
connected to ground and the control signals (active high) are applied to the inputs (anode terminals)
In common anode type display, the anodes of LED segments are tied together as one common
anode and the cathode terminals are left alone as input. In this configuration the common anode is
always connected to a suitable positive voltage and the control signals (active low) are applied to
the inputs (cathode terminals). Pin out and image of a Man74 is shown in the figure below.
The block diagram of a basic LED seven segment display system that can display a given input in
numerical form is shown below.

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MAN74

The purpose of the driver stage is to provide the necessary current drive in order to drive the LED
segment display.

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