GATE - 2006

EC: Electronics And Communication Engineering

Time Allowed: 3 Hours

Maximum Mllrks : 150

Read the following instructions carefully

1. This question paper contains all objective questions. Q. 1 to Q. 20 carry one mark each and Q.21 to Q. 85 carry two marks each.

2. Answer all the questions.

3. Questions must be answered on Objective Response Sheet (ORS) by darkening the appropriate bubble (marked A, B, C, 0) using HS pencil against the question number on the left hand side of the ORS. Each question has only one correct answer. In case you wish to change an answer, erase the old answer completely.

4. Wrong answers will carry NEGATIVE marks. In Q. 1 to 20, 0.25 mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. In Q. 21 to 76, Q 78 to 80-82 and in Q. 84 OS mark will be deducted for each wrong answer. However, there is no negative marking in Q.77, 79, 81, 83 and in Q. 85. More than one answer bubbled against a question will be taken as an incorrect response.

5. Write your registration number, your name and name of the examination centre at the specified locations on the right half of the ORS.

6. Using HB pencil, darken the appropriate bubble under each digit of your registration number and the letters corresponding to your paper code.

7. Calculator is allowed in the examination hall.

8. Charts, graph sheets or tables are NOT allowed in the examination hall.

9. Rough work can be done on the question paper itself. Additionally blank pages are given at the end of the question paper for rough work.

10. This question paper contains 28 printed pages including pages for rough work. Please check all pages and report, if there is any discrepancy.

Question 1 to Q. 20 carry one mark each

1. The rank of the matrix [ i + ? ] is

(II) 0 (e) 2

(b) (d) 3

2. V »: V x P, where P is a vector. is equal to

(aj P x V x P - VZ P (b) V2 P + V' (V • P)

(e) V'2 r + V' x P (d) V (V • P) - '\12 r

3. J J (17 x P) • ds, where P is a vector, is equal to

(n) fr. dl

(b) t V x V' x P • dl

(r) f \I x P • til

(d) J If V • P do

4. A probability density function is of the form p(x) = Ke-al>i, XE (- 00, 00)

The value of K is

(n) 0.5 (e) O.5u

(/1) (d) u

5. A solution for the differential equation 1: (I) + 2x(f) =0 05(/)

with initial condition x (0- ) = 0 is

(II) e-2t fl(t) (b) e" uti)

(e) «' u(t)

(d) r! u(t)

6. A low-pass filter having a frequency response H (jw) '" A (e) eJ~("'J does not prod uce any phase distortion, if

(II) A(w) '" Cw2, $(w) = kw' (b) A(w) '" Cw2• ¢l(w) '" kw (c) A(w)=Cw. $(w) "'kw2 (d) A (m) '" C. $ (w) = kw-l

7. The values of voltage (V I~ across a tunnel-diode corresponding to peak and valley currents are V p and V v respectively. The range of tunnel-diode voltage Vo for which the slope of its I-Vo characteristics is negative would be

(a) V 0 < 0 (bj O:s; V D < V p

(el Vp:S;VJ)<Vy (d) VJ)<!Vy

8. The concentration of minority carriers in extrinsic semiconductor under eqUilibrium is an

(0) directly proportional to the dopin

concen tra ti on g

(b) inversely proportional to the doping concentration

(c) directly proportional to the intrinsk concentration

(d) inversely proportional to the intrinsic concentration

9. Under low level injection assumption. the injected min ori ty ca rr ie r current for an extrinsic semiconductor is essentially the

(n) diffusion current

(b) drift current

(c) recombination current (d) induced current

10. The phenomenon known as "Early Effect" in a bipola r transistor re fers to a red uction of the effective base-width caused by

(n) electron-hole recombination at the base

(IJ) the reverse biasing of the base-collector junction

(c) the forward biasing of emitter-base junction (d) the early removal of stored base charge during saturation-to-cutoff switching

11. The input impedance (Z) and the output impedance (ZO> of an ideal transconductance (voltage controlled current source) amplifier are

(n) Zi" 0,20 = 0 (/I) 2, '" 0, 20 '" 00

(c) Z,. = oc, Zo = 0 (d) Zj = 00, L;, = 0>

12. An II-channel depletion MOSFET has following two points on its II,-V (;5 curve

(i) Ves" [) at I])" 12 rnA and

(ii) V cs = -6 Volts at II) '" 0

Which of the following Q-points will give the highest trans-conductance gain tor small signals?

(n) Vc;s=-6Volts (/I) Vcs=-3Volts

(c) Vl;S '" 0 Volts (d) Vc;s=3Volts

The number of product terms in the minimized sum-of-product expression obtained through the following K-map is (where, "d" denotes don't care states)

13.

1 0 0 J
0 d 0 0
0 0 d 1
1 0 ° 1 (a) 2 (e) 4

(b) 3 (d) 5

14. Lei .1(/) (~~.-~~ X V(~) be F'ourier Transform pair, The Fourier Transform of the sign~1 .r{51 - 3) in terms of X vw) is gi ven as

1 1.3,., ( /·0> ) .i",·'. ('·U))

~ -- ~- X . - . (l) e " X l'-::-

(a) 5 /. 5 5' 5 :J

1 ., ( jm)

(el 5 ,:-1- ,., X "5

(d) 5 ,.,:e., X ( i;' )

15. The Dirac delta func lion 0(1) is d cfi ned as

{ 1,

(n) Wl = 0,

t= ° otherwise

(b) o(t} "

{ 00,

0.

f =0 otherwise

{ 1,

(c) SU} = 0,

"

~t;~l"\\o.jse nnd J 0(/) <il = I

(d) art} = {~: ~t~~rwise and 1 ,sit) dl " I

-,",

16. If the region of convergence of ~'I [11 J + x2 [II] is ~ < I;: I < ~ , then the region of convergence of xl [n] ~ X2 [n] includes 1

(n) 3 <: [z ] d

2

(e) 3 < [z ] <3

1 2

(d) 3 < 1 z I <: 3

17. The open-loop transfer function of" unity-gain feedback control system is given by

K

G(~) = ----,------,.

(>+ 1) (s;- 2)

The gain margin of the system in dB is given by

(a) 0 (i,l 1

(e) 20 (d) C/O

18. In the system shown below, xU) = (sin I) 1/(1).

In stsady-stcady-state. the response y(t) will be

~1 5:1 tWT

(a) ~ sin (I -~) (v) -h sin (I +~)

(L") _!_ ,,-I sin t (d) sin I - cos I

.fi

19. The electric fielcl of ,10' elcctomagncric w ave propag~ I ing in the positive z-di rcction is given by

• _ 11

E= ny sin (",I-!lzi + fr" sin(mt-Ilz + 21

The wave is

(rr) linearly polarized in the z-direcuon (u) d I i pi ica II Y pola r ilecl

(c) left-hand circularlv polarized (d) right-h~nd circularlv polarized

A tra nsrn ission I ine is feed ing 1 W il It of power to a horn an t e nn a h av ing a g~ in of 10 dB.

The antenna is matched to the transmission line. The rota I power rad ia ted by the horn antenna into

20.

(I", tree-space is (III 10 \V"lts

k) (U wsu

(v) I Watt

(d) 0.01 W~tl

Q.21 to Q. 75 carry two marks each.

21. The eigcnva lues and the correspond ing eigen vectors of a 2 x 2 matrix are given by

Eigenvalue Eigenvector
)'1 = H VI = [n
)'2 = 4- \'2 = [ ~t ]
The matrix is
[~ ~ ] (il) [ 4 6 J
(II) 64
[ 2 4 ] (d) [ 4 8 J
(c) 4 2 8 4- 22. For the tunction 01 a complex variable W = In Z (where, W " II + I" and Z '" X + Iyl, the 1/ = constant lines get mapped on Z-pl~ne JS

(11) set of radia 1st raight lines

(i,) set 01 concentric circles

(c) set of confocal hyperbolas (d) set of confocal ellipses

23. The v a lue of the can t ou r in tegral

f _l_dz in positive sense is I' - II • 1 z 2 + 4

)11 rt
(11) (/I) -
2 2
ill 11
«) - 2:" (d) 2 •

24. The integral I sinJe dO is given by

o

(n) 2 4 (e) 3

2 3 8 (d) 3

(b)

25. Three companies X, Y and Z supply computers to a university. The percentage of computers supplied by them and the probability of those being defective are tabulated below

Company % of computers Probability of
supplied beingdefective
X 60% om
y 30% 0.02
Z 10% 0.03 Given that a computer is defective, the probability that it was supplied by Y is

(n) 0.1 (b) 0.2

(e) 0.3 (d) 0.4

26. For the matrix [i 1], the eigen value

d· he ei [ 101 ] .

correspon mg to I I' eigenvector 101 15

(n) 2 (v) 4

(el 6 (d) 8

2

27. For the differential equation d ~ + 12 !J ,,0. the dx

boundary conditions are (i) !J" 0 for x " 0 , and (iI) y = 0 for x = a

The form of non-zero solu lions of _II (where m varies over all integers) arc

L mITX
(II) Y= A . e
II/ 511"1
m
n11ftX
(b) Y = L A cos a
<II
'"
(c) s= L m~
A -
m X a
m
(d) Y= L umx
A e •
'"
m 28. Consider the function J(t) having Laplace transform

COlO

F(s) = -2--2 Re [sf > 0 S + (00

The final value oIJ(I) would be

(n) 0

(el -1 :<;!(<rJ):S 1

(v)

(d) '1>

29. As x is increased from - <rJ to "'>, the function '

(n) monotonically increases (v) monotonically decreases

(c) increases to a maximum value and then decreases

(d) decreases to a minimum value and then increases

30. A two-port network is represented by ABeD parameters given by

!f port-2 is terminated by RL ' then input impedance seen at porto] is gi ven by

(n) A + BRL C+DRI.

(b) AR[_ +C BRL + D

DRI. +A (c)-~-

BRL +C

31. In the two port network shown in the figure below, zl2 and 421 are, respectively

(a) r,. and pro

(/J) 0 and - pro

32.

The iir$[ and the last critical f .

(" 0' I . - ' '. ,rcqllenCjes

SlIlp' <lntles) of a dnvll1g point ,- 11 d

f • ° - r pc ance

111~dI0l1 of a passive network hav.ing two kinds

of elements, are a pole and a zero respectivelv.

The above property will be satisfied bv "

(a) RL network only ,

(/1) RC network onlv

(c) LC network only

(d) RC <IS well as RL networks

A 2 ml-l inductor with some initial cnrrent C0Jr\ be represented as shown below, where ~ is the Laplace Transform variable. The value of initi,,1 current is

33.

ij.OO~

1m\'

(a) 0.5 A (e) 1.0 A

(/1) 2.0A (d) D.DA

34.

In the figure shown, assume that all the capacitors are initially uncharged.

If V;(I) ~ lOlI(t) Volts, then Vo(t) is given by

,.

i'1j\~

- .---, -- .- ----r.------

. l \ _L .

I. _C--::::l._

V.(I) "'jll' >- 1111_ \'.";q

., i~ :::r

_____ . I. . -

(a) BrJ-OOl t Volts (e) 8u (t) Volts

(/» 8 (1 - e--OOO4 ') Volts (d) 8 Volts

35,

Consider two transfer functions

1 s

G] is) = 52 + (IS + b andG2(s)= 52 + (IS + b

The 3-dB bandwid ths of their frequency responses are, respectively

(a) J(l2 - Ab , JIl2 + 4b

(b) Ja2 + 4b , Ja2 - 4/1 (e) Ja2 - 411, Ja2 - 4b (d) Ja2 + 411 , Jil2 + 411

36. A n''''ative resist, R °

., _o a nee I"I~ 1$ connected to a

passive network N havfn d r i .

im d °7· g 'IV Ing p ornt

pc. nnce "", (5) as shown below ° For 7 (s) to b

POslllve real, , e

N

Rncg

(II) I Rn<~ I ~ Re Z, (jO), v W (b) I Rneg I ~ I Zl (j<o) I, Ii W (e) I Rneg I S; 1m Zl (j(O), 'f ()) (d) I Rn<.gl S; L z, (joo), Ii ())

37. In the circuit shown below, the switch was connected to position 1 at I < 0 and at t = 0, it is changed to position 2. Assume that y the diode has zero VOltage drop and a storage time t, For 0 < t S; t." V R is given by (all in Volts) ,

+

R

5V

(II) V K = -5 (b) V R = +5

(e) 0 ~ V R < 5 (d) - 5 < V R < 0

38. The majority carriers in an II-type semiconductor have an ~verage drift velocity V in a direction perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field B. The electric field E induced due to Hall effect acts in the direction (II) V><B

(v) B" V

(e) along V

(d) opposite to V

39. Find the correct match between Group 1 and Group 2

Group 1

E. Varactor diode

F. PIN diode

G. Zener diode

H. Schottky diode

Group 2

L Voltage reference

2. High-frequency switch

3. Tuned circuits

4. Current controlled attenuator

40. A heavily doped II-type semiconductor has the

following data (b)

Hole-electron mobility ratio' 0.4

Doping concentnllion: 4.2 x 108 atoms z m" intrinsic concentration: 1.5 x 10· atomsvm '

The ratio of conductance of the n-Iype semiconductor to that of the intrinsic semiconductor 01 same material and at the same

temperature is given by

(a) E-4,F-2,G-I,H-3 (Ii) E-2,F-4,G-l,H-3 (e) E - 3, F - 4, G - 1, H - 2 (d) E - I, F - 3, G - 2,1-1- 4

((I) 0.00005 (e) 10,000

(II) 2, 000 (d) 20,000

41. For the circuit shown in the following figure, the capacitor C is initially uncharged. At I " 0, the switch 5 is closed. The voltage V c across the capacitor at t " 1 millisecond is

S C::l/LF

~h lK __cG-:>--L

IOV

In the figure shown above, the 01' AMP is supplied with ± 15V and the ground has been shown by the symbol 'V.

«(I) 0 Valls (/1) 6.3 Volts

(e) 9.45 Volts (d) 10 Volts

42. For the circuit shown below, assume that the zener diode is ideal with <I breakdown voltage of 6 Volts. The waveform observed across R is

6V

J Zsinnn

(n)

(el

(d)

-6V

43. A new Binary Coded Pentary (BCP) number system is proposed in which every digit of a base-S number is represented by tis corresponding 3-bit binary code. For example, the base-f number 24 will be represented by its BCP code 010100. In this numbering system, the Bcr code 1000100]']001 corresponds to the following number in base-S system

(tl) 423 (c") 2201

(II) 1324 (<I) 4231

44. An 0 peripheral device shown in Fig\lrc (b) below is to be interfaced to an 8085

+

I microprocessor. To select tlw 0 device in the

I

o address range 04 H - 07 H, its chip-select

(cs) should be connected to the output of the decoder shown in Figure (n) below

(11) output 7 (e) output 2

(v) output 5 (d) output 0

45. For the circuit shown in figure below, two 4-bit parallel-in serial-out shift registers loaded with the datil shown Me used to feed the datil to a full adder.Initially, all the flip-flops are in clear state. After applying two clock pulses, the outputs of the fulladder should be

(a) 5 '" 0, Co '" ° (b) 5 = 0, Co '" 1

(c) 5", 1, Co = ° (d) 5", 1, Co = 1

46. A 4-bit Df A converter is connected to a free" running 3-bit UP counter, as shown in the following figure. Which of the following waveforms will be observed at Yo ?

'K

In the figure shown above, the ground has been Shown by the symbol V'

(II)

(v)

(e)

(d)

47. Two Dvfhp-flops. as shown below, are to be connected as a synchronous counter that goes through the following Q,Qo sequence

00 __ 01 __ 11 __ 10 __ 00-- _ .. - ...

The inputs Do and Dl respectively should be connected as

(n) OJ and Qo (b) Qo and Qj

(e) Ql o, and OJ Qo (d) OJ Qo and Q1 o,

48. Following is Ih" segment of a 8085 assembly language progrilm

LXI SP, EFFFH CALL 3000 H

3000 1-1 : LXII-I, 3CF4 H PUSH PSW

SPHL

ror PSW

HET

On completion of RETexeclition, the contents of SF is

(a) 3CFO H (.-) EFFDH

(b) 3CF81-1 (d) EFFF H

49. The point P in the following figure is stuck-at-l.

The outputfwill be

(a) ABC (c) ABC

(b) A (d) A

50. A signal met) with bandwidth 500 Hz is first multiplied by a signa I g(t) where

eo

get) = L (- 1)' ott - 0.5 x 10-4 k)

R=-~

51.

The resulting signal is then passed through an ideal lowpass filter with bandwidth 1 kHz. The output of the lowpass filter would be

(a) 0(1) (0) met)

(e) 0 (d) m(t) oCt)

The minimum sampling frequency (in samples! sec) required to reconstruct the following signal from its samples without distortion

(sin 21t 1000t )3 (Sin 21110001)2

x(t) = 5 + 7

11 I 1It

would be (a) 2 x 10~ (e) 6 x 103

(D) 4 x 10' (d) 8 x 103

52. i'l uniformly distributed random variable X With probabilitv density function

1

f, (T) = 10 (fI(X + 5) - 11(.< - 5))

where ,,(.) is the unit step [unction is paSsed through ~ l ransforrnation given in the' fignre below. The probability density [unction of the transformed randorn varioble Y would be

y I

x

-2.5 2.5

1

(a) Iy (y) = :5 ("01 + 2.5) - "(.'1- 2.5))

{Ii} II' (y) = 0.5 cS(y) + 0.5 o(y - 1)

(e) Iy (y) = 0.25 o(y + 2.5) + 0.25 o(y - 2.5 ) +050(Y)

(d) Iv (y) = 0.25 o(y + 2.5) + 0.25 o(y - 2.5)

1

+ 10 (1/01 + 2.5) - 1101 - 2.5)}

53. A system with input xlII] and output yIn] is given as y[n] = ( sin % 7f 11) 1'(/1).

The system is

(a) linear, stable and invertible

(il) non-linear, stable and non-invertible (e) linear, stable and non-invertible

(d) linear, unstable and invertible

54. The unit-step response of a system starting from rest is given by

C( t) = 1 - r-21 for I ;:., 0

The transfer function of the system is

'1 2
(a) 1 + 25 (u) 2+s
25
(e) (d) --
2 +5 1 + 25 55.

The Nyquist plot of G (jo» H (j(V) lor a closed loop control system, passes tnrough (-1, jO) point ill the GH plane. The gain margin of the system in dB is equal to

(a) infinite

Ie) less than zero

(b) greater than zero' (dl zero

56. The positive v~l\les of "K" and "11" so that the system shown 111 the figure below oscillates at a trequency 01 2 rad I sec respectively Me

(aJ 1,0.75 (e) 1, 1

(a) 2,075 (d) 2,2

57. The unit impulse response of a system is

11U) " e-I• I ~ 0

For this system, the steady-slate value of the output for unit step input is equal to

(n) -1 (b) D

(e) 1

(d) co

58. The transfer Iu nct i on of a phase-lead compensator is given by

1 + 3Ts

G (s) '" --- where T > 0

" 1 + Ts

The maximum phase-shift provided by such a compensator is

11 (a) 2

11

(b) 3

11 (e) 4

11

(d) 6

59. A linear system is described by the following state equation

X(t) '" AX(I) + BU(t), A = [~l ~]

The state-transition matrix of the system is

[ cosr sint) (a) -sin/ cost

[-cos I sin I ]

(b) -sin/ -cost

60.

(-cost -sintJ [cost -sint]

(e) _ sin t cos t (d) cos / Sin t

. u i re d for a

The minimum step-size req 'I!

Delta-Modulator operating at 32 K sarnp es tsepe

(I (/) is the llfl.t"5 e

to track the signa I vere II.

function)

(250 - 1251) (1I{1- 1) xU) = 125 I(u(l) - lI(1 - l) + .

-u(t-2»)

. , .. ded would be

so that slope-overload 15 aVOl ,

(a) 2-10 (b) 2-8

(e) 2-1> (d) 2-4

61. A zero- mean white Gaussian noise is passed through an ideal lowpass filler of ban~width 10kHz The output is the uniformly sampled with 8ampling period t, ",0.03 msec,

111e samples so obtained would be

(0) correlated

(b) statistically independent (e) II ncorrel ated

(d) orthogonal

62. A source generates three symbols with probabilities 0.25, 0.25, 0,50 at a rate of 3000 symbols per second, Assuming independent generation of svmbols. the most efficient source encoder wou Id' ha ve average bi t rate as

(a) 6000 bitsl sec (V) 4500 bits / sec

(0) 3000 bits/sec (d) 1500 bits/sec

63. The diagonal clipping in Amplitude Demodulation (using envelope detector) can be avoided if RC time-constant of the envelope detector satisfies the following condition, (here W is message bandwidth and w" is carrier frequency both in rad Zsec)

1 1

(n) RC < W (b) RC > W

1 1

(e) RC < - (d) RC > -

(OC wr

In the following figwe Ihe minimum value of the constant 'C, which is to be added to YI (I) such thaI YI (I) and Y2 (I) are different, is

64.

Irl'
• ... ·1111
,,,,qp:.
['HI
t,.
(n) A (b) 2
c.2 t.
(d) -
(,') 12 L 65.

e signal with bandwidth 10 kHz is

A megag a .'

Sid Band SSB modulated With earner

Lower- Ie" . I' h

J: -"106 Hz The resulting sIgna ts t. en

frequencYh'l - h a Narrow-Band Frequency

passed t roug, ( ",109 Hz.

Modulator with carner frequency hl

The bandwidth of the output would be

(Ill 4" 10' Hz (b) 2 x 100Hz;

(t) 2 x 1010 Hz

(el 2 x 109 Hz ,

66. A medium of relat ive permittivity E" = 2 forms tin interface with free-space. A point source of electromagnetic energy is located in the medium ill a depth of 1 meter from the interface. Due to the total internal reflection, the transmitted bean has a circular cross-section over the interface. The area of the beam cross-section at the interface is given by

(tl) 211 m' (b) 112 Ill'

1[ (el2m'

67. A medium is divided into regions [ and II about x = 0 plane, as shown in the figure below. An elect rornagrtetic wave with electric field

EI = 4 aX +:> Ii.'f + 5 a z is incident normally on the interface from rcgion-l. The electric field E, in region-II at the interlace is -

(d) "m2

~=O

(a) El = E}

(b) 4ii, + 0.75 a y -1.25 ii:

(e) 3 ii,t + 3 iiy + 5 ii:

(d) -3ii, + 3 fly +5ii,

68. When a plane wave travelling in free-space is incident normally on a medium having E, " 4.0, then fraction of power transmitted into the medium is given by

8

(n) "9 (/» 2

1 (e) 3

5 (d) 6

69.

A rectangular waveguide having TEIO mode as dominant mode is h"ving a cutoff frequency of l~-GHz for the TE ~" mode. The inner broad-wall dimension of trw rectangular waveguide is

5

(a) 3 ems 5

(el 2: ems

(b) 5 ems

(d) 10 ems

10.

A mast antenna consisting of " SO meter long vertical conductor operntes over" perfectly conducung ground plane. !l is base-Jed at a frequency of 600-kHz. The radiation resistance of the antenna in ohms is

21t2 >
11-
«(I) 5 (u) 5
4n2 20,,2
(e) 5 (d) Common Data Questions

Common Data for Questions 71, 72. 73 :

In the transistor amplifier circuit shown in the figure below, the transistor has the following parameters'

~IX = 60, VSE = 0.7 V, /'"._ 00, 11"._ 00 The capacitance C, can be assumed to be infinite,

.5.3K

12V

IK

+

ln the figure above, the ground has been shown by the symbol V

71. Under the DC conditions, the collector-to-emitter voltage drop is

(II) 4.8 Volts (b) 5.3 Volts

(e) 6.0 Volts (d) 6.6 Volts

72. If Poc is increased by 10%, then collector-to-emitter voltage drop

(a) increases by less than or equal to 10% (b) decreases by less than or equal to 10% (c) increases by more than 10%

(d) decreases by more than 10%

73. The small-signal gain of the amplifier <!», is

(n) - 10 (h) - 5.3

(e) 5.3

(d) 10

Common Data for Questions 74, 75 ;

Let g(t) '" p(t). p(t}, where" denotes convolution and p(l) '" 11(1) - 1I(t - I} with 1/(1) being the unit step function

74, The impulse response of filter matched to the signa I s(t) = g(t) - S(t - 2)" g(l) is gi ven as

(n) 5 (1 - I) (b) -.> (1 _ /)

(c) - 5(1) (d) 5(/)

75, An Amplitude Modulated signal is given as

XAM (/) '" 100 (p (/) + a,s,,? (I» cos (1),.1

in the interval a 5 t 51. One set of possible values of the modulating signal and modulation index would be

(a) 1,0.5 (e) t,2,0

(b) 1,1,0 (d) /2,0.5

.inked Answer Questions: Q.76 to Q. 85 :arry two marks each.

:tatement for Linked Answer Questions 76 and 77

A regulated power supply, shown in figure below, has an unregulated input (UR) of 15 Volt's and generates a regula ted au tput Vour Use the component values shown in the figure,

L5VIUR) Q'

r:

76,

In the figure above, the ground has been shown by the symbolV

The power dissipation across the transistor Ql shown in the figure is

(a) 4,8 waus (e) 5.4 Watts

(b) 5.0 Watts (d) 6.0 Watts

77. If the unregulated voltage increases by 20%, then power dissipation across the transistor QI

(a) increases by 20%

(b) increases by 50%

(c) remains unchanged (d) decreases by 20%

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 78 and 72 The follow,ng two questions refer to wide sense staltonary stochastic processes

78. It is desired to gene!;,te a stochastic process (as voltage process) with power spectral density

16

5(00)= ---

16 + w2

by driving a Linear-Time-tnvariant system by zero mean white noise (as voltage process) with power spectral density being constant equal to 1 The system which can perform the desired task could be

(n) first order lowpass R-L filter (b) first order highpass R·C filter (e) tuned L-C filter

(d) series R-L filter

79. The parameters of the system obtained in Q. 78 would be

(a) first order R-L lowpass filter would have R =40, L = 4H

(b) first order R-C highpass filter would have R = 4n, C = 0.25 F

(e) tuned L-C filter would have L = 4H, C '" 4F (d) series R-L-C lowpass filter would have R = In, L '" 4H, C = 4F

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 80 and 81 Consider the following Amplitude Modulated (AM) signal, where!,. < B

xf~M (I) = 10 (1 + 0.5 sin 211 j,) cos 2ltJ..!

80. The average side-band power for the AM signal given above is

(n) 25 (b) 12.5

(e) 6.25 (d) 3.125

81. The AM signal gets added to a noise with Power Spectral Density 5" (j) given in the figure below. The ratio of average side-band power to mean noise power would be

25 (b) 25
(/1) SNoB 4NOB
25 25
(e) 2NoB (d) NoB Statement for Linked Answer Questions 82 and 83 Consider a unity-gain feedback control system whose open-loop transfer function is

G(s) = as + 1

52

82. The value of '0' so that the system has a It

phase-margin equal to 4' is approximately equal to

(n) 2.40 (e) 0.84

(0) 1.40 (d) 0.74

83. With the value of 'n' set for a phase-margin of

11

-, the value of unit-impulse response of the 4

open-loop system at 1= 1 second is equal to

(n) 3.40 (0) 2.40

(el 1.84 (d) 1.74

Statement for Linked Answer Questions 84 and ~

A 30-Volts battery with zero source resistance is connected to a coaxial line of characteristic impedance of 50 Ohms at t = 0 second and termina ted in an unknown resistive load. The line length is such that it takes 400 I.IS for an electromagnetic wave to travel from source end to load end and vice-versa. At t = 400 us, the voltage at the load end is found to be 40 Volts.

84. The load resistance is

(n) 25 Ohms (b) 50 Ohms

(e) 75 Ohms (d) 100 Ohms

85. The stead y-state current through the load resistance is

(n) 1.2 Amps (e) 0.6 Amps

(b) 0.3 Amps (d) 0.4 Amps

ANSWERS
1. (e) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (e) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (e) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (d) 12. (d) 13. (n) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (a) 19. (e) 20. (a)
21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (e) 25. (d) 26. (e) 27. (n) 28. (e) 29. (a) 30. (d)
31. (b) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (bl 35. (/I) 36. (n) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (el 40. (d)
41. (d) 42. (b) 43. (d) 44. (b) 45. (d) 46. (b) 47. (a) 48. (b) 49. (d) 50. (b)
51. (el 52. (e) 53. (e) 54. (b) 55. (d) 56. (b) 57. (e) 58. (d) 59. (a) 60. (b)
61. (b) 62. (b) 63. (a) 64. (e) 65. (b) 66. (d) 67. (c) 68. (a) 69. (c) 70. (a)
71. (el 72. (b) 73. (a) 74. (d) 75. (n) 76. (e) 77. (b) 78. (n) 79. (n) 80. (e)
81. (b) 82. (el 83. (e) 84. (d) 85. (b)