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Fhoteas UwuUsd mw ds=0 use 2 athine potameter di ~ (0 BY Oe BV) BY er bus (-8)8 2d typ 8 fp 2ayt ot - 2m “sey Lo > -( Bye elo BG c roltply by (- a) xii > e 1 des? 1 / am = = + /dc\ Lf, mu L Tal 7 el’ } Aside Geodbsic ean dué + r* Ulu = oO for parteles dt er Imag i é a Ix! 4 cr dx de’. 0 dz é Az AT C3 KT K wastant joveriaat vader rescahag Goose egyation ques feth 10 spacetime. we | Got for pacticles > wre base wu = Gp BO) sek sale foe tl (Egpualeat to Hat space relation E* = IPl em new) sealers oa) Plobas Lx abet dy® St ne Waa ° and dx* dxé dé da dh So bath, savor iat veder A KA Back eneegy . equation a : i&) Al-#) 40 aepends on % aad 2) not é, Q, a € dimensionless ket b= Y, bg trd= A= ! c pe PE) + We we've dined b Ww lel ft) . C8 2 dg at bnge . © le| bt “ ae Olas Gasider photon ot age C_.mowrtag abng x axLS ath impoct poromerer d ws Hl mou w alo dt de dt xis | am c 3 Nestorian tecon | mo J clependnce, ae a fom) = ue b= 3V3M 15 foe SO oN cut-off for photons from A to be captoced oatm = cope crass sechion H dof hb 2 Lf. mye ag 2s S[e-a(-?)| I z ros solerbon af pot “+0 whie oa df - Ap - 7 Jet w= be I= bd /- parameter ad = J dol wo (1 w)] all Detlechor 4 be dt Fig. 910 ocbit 1s sgmonctee aboot pt there. £20 je. docmng got Shape. 4, oc brt dg = dd [J de defja . ale - | : Cc amy, ~ clenensionless parameter g pollens é y Gn oe totegeol numeri calls 2» 142 he ) 7 ~ oF 10 fe Sun Hg He 4 Ro 2 x 10°%km 5a Tang br Cxpor sion wag work, Cachl Ww, 13 wot , dus erad- 4p 2 | ° (-2)0g.-*) whieh bas wnectors OCA) 2 i al + fu) 2 Coots ws Ff Rey w, Ro TE ® & vr] xi ¢ Tikegeols hems wd f ok Go ~ Jam 4ox7)* iis frome Cradihtegn + Ryshik oy 4m 4 4Gr) Ag kt ”o ar fc SUA with g = ke TByp = “EMER pa a10 “ed 2x 10° km = 1.3" Photoas can stocl belueen am 0 and fall back 1a. Cut-off occurs of J 2 Ke a Convert this to cotical angle as eased lon r=R Rs ~ obwrver at cest at | Ab co3m, May = o ot ca om Yay 20 ut U- es ton Uo = _ = ==? ue u-er ? were cain conponsals g ub arthonwceral basis xm < is © vat vtetor of octhanormal basis Ir (ez) are comp. f C4 « coord.oate, basis We have Ur = td a, ob) coord rode dra? dar? da Losis « é Ui er = 4 u (Es) ae 6 To ge (é2)° pote n° SB - lag \ ) Y, 3 = qs (C2) (ez) fh meteic 16 dhagoral = ge ez) (eg) Fores choose (24 y = Gua 0,0,0) Lets see has ths works for flat space Joe dB ede cdg? eg = (2,2, Ong) (29, °,2) u= (4 de 4 de) yy =~ Aga ' / J Ge rt dg tany = c dA . cdg c dc am Shuoceschill , C=R = rome f i ¥. fot + F(- B)'(i > be) 2M 4 ,- 2 >, by + fe be 2am Ri lLos aM | aw eo el Q fr 5s ¢ of 3. ° RBM tent Goad = Ve 1 pe Can qtr speed weg octlonoeral Lasis a es? at positon sf observer Y= -U- gs a eY = “u- ee \ ute dt de O ; Oo ) wnp ~ coord. dy ' ot basis.

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