Answer all

question
Jawab semua
soalan

Sphere and oval shape

Berbentuk sfera atau bujur
Consists of genetic materials
Mengandungi bahan genetic
Control cell division process
Mengawal proses pembahagian sel
1. The information above explain about organelle
Maklumat di atas menerangkan tentang organel

Cell wall
Dinding sel

Nucleus
Nucleus

Lysosome
Lisosom

Ribosome
Ribosom

Golgi apparatus
Jasad golgi

Mitochondrion
Mitokondria

Endoplasmic
reticulum
Endoplasmic

Riboso
me
Riboso
2. Which of the organelles produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
Organel yang manakah yang menghasilkan adenosine trifosfat (ATP)?

3. The diagram 1 shows an animal cell.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu sel haiwan.

Diagram 1 /
Rajah 1
Organelles X is found in abundance in the cell. What is X?
Organel X padat dijumpai di dalam sel ini. Apakah X?
A

4. Diagram 2 shows a process carried out by an Amoeba sp.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu proses dilakukan oleh satu Amoeba sp.
Food
particles

Pseudopodium

Diagram 2

Namethe process.
Namakan proses ini.
A

binary fission
belahan dedua

difusion
resapan

phagocytosis
fagositosis

osmoregulat
ion
osmoregula

5. Diagram 3 shows three diferent types of muscle M, N and O.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan tiga jenis otot yang berbeza, M, N dan O.

N
Diagram
3/Rajah 3

Which of the following body structures or organs contain muscles M, N or O?

Manakah yang berikut struktur badan dan organ mengandungi otot M, N atau
O?

M
Bicep muscle
Otot bisep
Tricep muscle
Otot trisep
Heart
Jantung
Tricep muscle
Otot trisep

A
B
C
D

N
Heart
Jantung
Stomach
Perut
Artery
Arteri
Intestine
Usus

O
Intestine
Usus
Oesophagus
Esofagus
Bicep muscle
Otot bisep
Heart
Jantung

6. Diagram 4 shows four diferent organs in the human body.

Rajah 4 menunjukkan empat organ yang berbeza di dalam badan manusia.

Diagram
4/Rajah 4
Which of the organs form the human excretory system?
Organ yang manakah membentuk system perkumuhan manusia?

7.

I, II and III only

I, II dan III sahaja

I, II and IV only
I, II dan IV sahaja

Cell membrane consists mainly of

Membran sel mengandungi terutamanya
A

Carbohydrate bilayer and protein

Dwilapisan karbohidrat dan protein

protein bilayer and phospholipids

Dwilapisan protein dan fosfolipid

lipid bilayer and proteins

Dwilapisan lipid dan protein

protein bilayer and carbohydrate

Dwilapisan protein dan karbohidrat

I, III and IV only

I, III dan IV
sahaja
II, III and IV
only
II, III dan IV

8. Diagram 5 shows a movement of ions across the plasma

membrane. Name the process.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan pergerakkan ion merentasi mambran plasma.
Namakan proses ini.

Diagram 5 /
Rajah 5
A

Flaccid
flasi
d

Active transport
pengangkutan aktif

D Passive transport
pengangkutan pasif

B
Crenation
Krenasi

9. Digram 6 shows a red blood cell after has been immerse in a hypertonic
solution.
Rajah 6 menunjukkan sel darah merah selepas direndam di dalam larutan
hipertonik.

Diagram 6 /
Rajah 6
Which of the statement explain the phenomena?
Kenyataan yang manakah menerangkan fenomena ini?
A

water molecules move out from the red blood cell

molekul air bergerak keluar dari sel darah merah

water molecule move into the red blood cell

molekul air bergerak masuk ke dalam sel darah merah

glucose molecule move out from the red blood cell

molekul glukosa bergerak keluar dari sel darah merah

glucose molecule move into the red blood cell

molekul air bergerak masuk ke dalam sel darah merah

10. Diagram 7 shows a strip of a mustard green after it has been immersed in
solution Z.
Rajah 7 menunjukkan satu jalur sawi selepas direndam di dalam larutan Z.

Epidermis

What is solution
Z?
Apakah larutan
Z?
A

Diagram 7 / Rajah 7

0.1% salt
solution
0.1% larutan
Distilled water
air suling

1.5% sucrose
solution
1.5% larutan
B
D
30% sucrose
solution
30% larutan
11. Diagram 8 shows the visking tube which filled with distilled water and
soaked into salt solution.
Rajah 8 menunjukkan tiub visking yang diisikan dengan air suling dan
direndam ke dalam larutan garam
Beaker

Salt Solution
Visking

Distilled

Diagram 8 /
Rajah 8
After 20 minutes the visking tube..
Selepas 20 minit,tiub visking akan..
A

will swell.
akan membengkak
B

No change occurred.
Tiada perubahan berlaku

C
D

will shrunk
akan mengecut
will burst
akan meletus

SULIT

4551/1

12. Diagram 9 shows the structure of a plant cell before and

after it has been immersed in solution P.
Rajah 9 menunjukkan struktur sel tumbuhan sebelum dan
selepas ia di rendam di dalam larutan P.

Diagram9 /
Rajah 9
What is solution P and the process that takes place in the plant cell?
Apakah larutan P ini dan proses yang berlaku dalam sel tumbuhan?

13

Solution P// Larutan P

Process // proses

Distilled water
Air suling

Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis

Distilled water
Air suling

Deplasmolysis
Deplamolisis

10% sucrose solution

10% larutan sukrosa

Plasmolysis
Plasmolisis

15% sucrose solution

15% larutan sukrosa

Haemolysis
Hemolisis

Which organelle synthesis lipid ?

Organel manakah yang mensintesis lipid ?
A
Lysosom
Lisosom
B

Ribosome
Ribosom

Mitochondria
Mitokondrion

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Jalinan Endoplasma Licin
6

14

Diagram 10 shows a structure of plasma membrane.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan struktur membran plasma.
X

Diagram 10
Rajah 10

What is the function of X ?

Apakah fungsi X?
A
Act as the barrier to separate the inner and outer part of
the cell.
Sebagai penghalang yang mengasingkan bahagian dalam
dan luar sel.
B

Help to transport the substances in or out from the cell.

Membantu mengangkut bahan masuk atau keluar dari
membran sel.

C
Stabilized and strengthen the plasma membrane to
become more fexible,
Menstabil dan menguatkan membran plasma supaya lebih
fleksibel
D

To prpvide fix shape for the cell.

Memberi bentuk yang tetap kepada sel.

15 Diagram 11 shows the apparatus set- up to investigate osmosis.

X shows the initial level of the solution.
Rajah 11 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji osmosis. X
menunjukkan aras awal larutan.

Initial level of

X
solution

Aras awal larutan

30% Sucrose
solution
Larutan sukrosa
30%

Wate
r
Air

Diagram 11 / Rajah 11
Which of following will be observed after 1 hour ?
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah dapat diperhatikan selepas 1
jam ?
A

X
X

X
X
8

16
Diagram 12 shows the apparatus set-up to demonstrate
process X.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menunjukkan proses
X.
Cavity contain
salt solution
Kaviti
mengandungi
larutan garam
Potato strip
Jalur kentang
Distilled water
Air suling

Diagram 12/
Rajah 12
What is process X
Apakah proses X ?
A

Osmosis
Osmosis

Simple
diffusion
Resapan
B Plasmolysis
D
Facilitated difu
Plasmolisis
Resapan
berbantu
17 Diagram 13 shows organelles involved in the production and
secretion of anextracellular enzyme.
Rajah 13 menunjukkan organel yang terlibat di dalam
penghasilan dan perembesan enzim luar sel.

Diagram 13
Rajah 13
What would happen to the process if R is absent?
Apakah yang akan berlaku kepada proses tersebut sekiranya R
tiada?
A

Proteins are not modified

Protein tidak diubahsuai

Proteins are not

transcripted
Protein tidak ditranskripsi

Proteins are not

synthesized
Protein tidak
Proteins are not
secreted
Protein tidak

18

Diagram 14 shows the movement of glucose molecules through a

plasma membrane.
Rajah 14 menunjukkan pergerakan molekul-molekul glukosa
melalui membran plasma
Glucos
e
gluko
sa

Diagram
14
Rajah 14
Which conclusion could be obtained from diagram 6.
Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh diperolehi daripada Rajah 6?
A
B
C
D
19

Glucose moves by osmosis

Glukosa bergerak secara osmosis
Glucose moves by simple diffusion
Glukosa bergerak secara resapan ringkas
Glucose moves by facilitated diffusion
Glukosa bergerak secara resapan berbantu
Glucose moves by active transport
Glukosa bergerak secara pengangkutan aktif

Diagram 14 shows a plant cell in an isotonic solutions.

Rajah 14 menunjukkan sel tumbuhan di dalam larutan isotonic.

Diagram
14
Rajah 14
Which diagram shows the cell after it has been immersed in a
hypotonic solution ?
Rajah manakah yang menunjukkan sel itu setelah direndam
dalam larutan hipotonik ?
A

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4551/1

20. Diagram 15 shows a process carried out by an Ameoba sp.

Rajah 15 menunjukkan suatu proses yang dijalankan oleh Ameoba
sp.

Diagram 15
Rajah 15
What is the process ?
Apakah proses tersebut ?

21.

Meiosis
Meiosis

Binary fission
Belahan dedua

Osmoregulation
Pengosmokawalat
uran
Conjugation
Konjugasi

Diagram 1 6 shows the structure of a plasma

membrane.
Rajah 16 menunjukkan struktur
membran plasma.

Diagram 16
Rajah 16
What substance can cross through P ?
Apakah bahan yang boleh merentasi P ?
A

Glucose
Glukosa

Amino
Asid
Amino

SULIT

4551/1
B

22.

Sodium ion
Ion sodium

Fatty
acids
Asid

Diagram 17 shows an experiment to investigate the movement of

water molecules across a semi permeable membrane from A to B
Rajah 17 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji pergerakan
molekul air merentasi
satu membran separa telap dari A ke B.
Semi permeable
membrane
Membran separa telap
B
A

Beginning of
experiment
Awal
eksperimen

Molekul air
Molekul
sukrosa

End of experiment
Akhir eksperimen

Diagram
17 Rajah
17
Which of the following is true about the movement of water molecules
at the end of the experiment ?
Antara berikut, yang manakah benar tentang pergerakan molekul air pada
akhir eksperimen ?
A
The rate of water molecules difusing from A to B is higher than from
B to A
Kadar molekul air meresap daripada A ke B lebih tinggi daripada B
ke A
B
The rate of water molecules difusing from B to A is higher than from
A to B
Kadar molekul air meresap daripada B ke A lebih tinggi daripada A ke
B
C

No water molecules difuses from A to B

Tiada molekul air meresap masuk daripada A ke B.

D
The rate of water molecules difusing from A to B and from B to A is
the same

SULIT

4551/1
Kadar molekul air meresap daripada A ke B dan daripada B ke A
adalah sama.

23

Diagram 18 shows a part of human digestive system.

Rajah 18 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem pencernaan
manusia.

Diagram
18
Rajah 18
Which organelle can be found in large number in organ Y?
Organel manakah yang terdapat dengan banyak di dalam organ Y?
Mitokondria
A
B
Lysosome
Mitochondrion
Lisosom
C

Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
Jalinan endoplasma
licin

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Jalinan endoplasma kasar

24
Diagram 19 shows the structure of plant cells when immersed in a
sugar solution.
Rajah 19 menunjukkan struktur sel tumbuhan apabila direndam di
dalam larutan gula.

Diagram 19
Rajah 19
Which of the following is true about the process and the condition of the
cells?
Antara berikut yang manakah adalah benar tentang proses dan
keadaan sel itu?

A
B
C
D

Process
Proses
Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis
Plasmolysis
Deplasmolysis
Deplasmolisis
Deplasmolisis
deplasmolisis

Condition of the cell

Keadaan sel
Turgid
Segah
Flaccid
Flasid
Turgid
Segah
Flaccid
Flasid

25 Diagram 20 shows the movement of molecule X across the

plasma membrane
through process Y.
Rajah 20 menunjukkan pergerakan molekul X merentasi
membran plasma
Melalui proses Y.

Carrier
Protein
Protein
Pembawa

Molecule X
Diagram 20Molekul X
Rajah 20

What is process Y?
Apakah proses Y?
A Osmosis

Osmosis

B
Simple
diffusion

Resapan ringkas

SULIT

4551/1

Active transport
Pengangkutan aktif
D

Diagram 2 1 shows the proses involved in the preservation of cucumber. The cucumbers
were immersed in solution X for 3 months.
Rajah 21 menunjukkan proses yang digunakan dalam pengawetan buah timun. Buah-buah
timun dir Rendam dalam larutan X selama 3 bulan.

Solution X
Larutan X

Cucumber
Buah timun

PerubahanChange
jisin in mass

PerubahanChange
jisin in mass

Diagram 21
Rajah 21
Which graph shows how the mass of cucumber changes during the process?
Graf manakah menunjukkan bagaimana jisim timun berubah semasa proses itu?

Time/Masa

Time/Masa

PerubahanChange
jisin in mass

Time/Masa
PerubahanChange
jisin in mass

26

Facilitated diffusion
Resapan berbantu

SULIT
Time/Masa

4551/1

27

A vegetable seller found out his leafy vegetables wilt

when left for half a day.
Penjual sayur mendapati sayur-sayurannya
layu apabila ditinggalkan separuh hari.
What is the best way to refresh the vegetables?
Apakah kaedah terbaik untuk menjadikan sayur-sayuran segar semula?
A

Immerse the vegetables in tap water

Rendam sayuran di dalam air paip

Immerse the vegetables in salt water

Rendam sayuran di dalam air masin

Keep the vegetables in a transparent plastic bag

Simpan sayuran di dalam beg plastik lutsinar

Keep the vegetables in the refrigerator

Simpan sayuran di dalam peti sejuk

28 Antara organel berikut, manakah yang mengawal aktiviti sel?

Which of the following organelles controls cell avtivities?
A Nukleus
Nucleus
B Ribosom
Ribosomes
C Motokondrion
Mitochondrion
D Jasad Golgi
Golgi apparatus
29.Antara yang berikut, manakah yang terdapat dalam kedua-dua sel
haiwan dan
tumbuhan?
Which of the following can be found in both animal and plant cells?
I Membran plasma
Plasma membrane
II Kloroplas
Chloroplasts
III Sitoplasma
Cytoplasm
IV Sentriol
Centrioles
A III sahaja
C II dan IV
III only
II and IV
B I dan III
III dan IV
I and III
III and IV
20

30. Rahman merendam telur ayam ke dalam larutan garam. Selepas

beberapa hari, dia mendapati telur itu berasa masin. Manakah antara
pernyataan penyataan berikut tidak menjelaskan fenomena itu?
Rahman soaked a chicken egg in a saturated salt solution. After a
few days, he found that the eqq tasted salty. Which of the following
statements do not explain the phenomenon?
I Kulit telur dan membran adalah telap kepada garam
The egg shell and membrane are permeable to salt
II Zarah-zarah garam meresap ke dalam telur
Salt particles diffuse into the egg
III Zarah-zarah garam memasuki telur melalui pengangkutan aktif
Salt particles enter the egg by active transport
IV Larutan garam adalah hipotonik terhadap telur
Saturated salt solution is hypotonic to the egg
A I dan II
I and II
B II dan III
II and III
C III dan IV
III and IV
D I,III dan IV
I, III and IV

21

Bahagian B
Jawab semua soalan di ruang yang disediakan
1.Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan satu model membran
plasma.
Diagram 1.1 shows a model of plasma
membrane

P: ...

Q: ...
R: ...
Rajah 1.1
Diagram 1.1

(a) i.

Namakan struktur yang berlabel P, Q dan R pada Rajah 1.1.

Name the structures labelled P, Q and R at Diagram 1.1

[3 markah]
ii.
Terangkan proses yang berlaku pada R.
Explain the process that occurs at R.
..............................................................................................................
......................
..............................................................................................................
......................
..............................................................................................................
......................
[2 markah]
22

(b)Membran plasma ini telah didedahkan kepada racun respirasi.

Pada pendapat anda, apakah kesan racun respirasi terhadap
pengangkutan bahan di membran plasma?
The plasma membrane has been exposed to respirational
poison. In your opinion, what is the effect of the respirational
poison towards the transportation of substance across plasma
membrane?
..............................................................................................................
......................
..............................................................................................................
......................
[2
markah]

. Larutan hipertonik adalah satu larutan yang mengandungi

lebih bahan terlarut daripada sel yang diletakkan di dalamnya.
Larutan isotonik merupakan satu penyelesaian di mana jumlah
yang sama bahan larut dan larutan itu boleh didapati di dalam
dan di luar sel
Larutan hipotonik adalah satu larutan yang mengandungi kurang
bahan larut
daripada sel yang diletakkan di dalamnya.
A hypotonic solution is a solution that contains less solute than
the cell which is chloride on Q cell.
A hypertonic solution is a solution that contains more solute than
the cell which is placed in it
.
An isotonic solution is a solution in which the same amount of
solute and
solution is available inside and outside of the cell
.
Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan larutan
natrium klorida berlainan kepekatan atas sel Q.
A study has been done to investigate the effect of different
concentration of natrium
placed in it.
23

Rajah 1 dan Jadual 1 menunjukkan keputusan kajian tersebut.

Diagram 1 and Table 1 shows the result from that study.

Cell Q

Diagram 1/Rajah 1

Kepekatan
Peratus sel yang mengecut dan meletus
NaCl(g/100c
Percentage of crenated cell and
3
Larutan
m)
haemolyse cell
Solution
Mengecut
Meletus
Concentrati
Crenated
Haemolyse
on of NaCl
3
(g/100cm )
R
0.35
52
S
0.40
28
T
0.47
U
0.50
9
V
0.50
35
W
0.55
86
Table 1/Jadual 1
i. Namakan sel Q.
Name cell Q

24

.........................................................................................................
............
[1 markah]
ii. Berdasar Jadual 1, nyatakan kepekatan natrium klorida dalam
plasma darah. Berikan sebab anda?
Based on Table 1, state the concentration of sodium
chloride in the blood
Plasma.. Give your
reason?
........................................................................................................
......................
.........................................................................................................
.....................
.........................................................................................................
.....................
[2 markah]

iii. Sel Q telah dimasukkan ke dalam air suling. Pada pendapat

anda, apakah yang akan berlaku kepada sel Q?.
Cell Q has been placed in distilled water. In your opinion,
what will happen to cell Q?.
.........................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................
...............................................................
[2 markah]

2.Banding dan bezakan struktur sel haiwan dan sel tumbuhan

Compare and contrast the structure of animal and plant cell

Persamaan
Similarities

25

[2 markah]
Perbezaan
Diferences
Sel haiwan
Animal cells

Aspek
Aspect

Bentuk
Shape
Dinding Sel
Cell wall
Vakuol
Vacuoles
Kloroplas
Chloroplast
Simpanan makanan
Food storage

Sel Tumbuhan
Plant cells

[10 markah]

26

Bahagian C
Jawab semua soalan
1

Movement of substances across the plasma membrane in the cell is important for the
continuity in life of organisms. The process helps to maintain a constant internal
environment.
Pergerakan bahan merentasi membran plasma di dalam sel adalah
penting untuk kemandirian hidup organisma. Proses ini mengekalkan persekitaran
dalaman organism.

(a) (i)Explain the importance of plasma membrane for the survival of

living organism.
Terangkan kepentingan membran plasma untuk kemandirian
organism hidup.
[4
marks]
[4
markah]
(ii)

Diagram 1.1 shows two types of transport of substances

through plasma membrane.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan dua jenis pengangkutan bahan melalui
membran plasma.

Type 1
Jenis 1

Type 2
Jenis 2
Outside of
cell
Bahagian
luar sel

Inside of
cell
Bahagian
dalam sel
27

Diagram
1.1
Rajah 1.1

28

Explain the two types of transport of substances through

plasma membrane shown in Diagram 1.
Terangkan kedua-dua jenis pengangkutan bahan melalui
membran plasma yang
ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 1.

[6
marks] [6
markah]

(b)

A student carry out the experiment to determine the

concentration of an external solution which is isotonic to the cell
sap. The student immersed the potato strips in a diferent
concentration of sugar in 30 minutes time.
Diagram 1.2 shows graph plotted to show the change in
mass against concentration of solution.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengetahui
kepekatan larutan di
luar sel yang isotonik dengan kepekatan sap sel. Pelajar itu
merendam jalur ubi kentang di dalam kepekatan larutan gula
yang berbeza.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan graf yang diplot untuk menunjukkan
perubahan dalam jisim melawan kepekatan larutan

29

(i) Based on the graph in Diagram 1.2, state the concentration of the solution
that is isotonic to the
cell sap
Berdasarkan graf pada rajah 1.2, nyatakan kepekatan larutan yang isotonic
kepada sel sap.
[ 1 mark/ 1 markah]
(ii) Explain what happen to the cell at point P,Q dan R
Terangkan apa yang berlaku terhadap sel di titik P,Q dan R
[ 9 mark/ 9 markah]
2. Substances can move across the plasma membrane by passive transport or
active transport depending on the type of the membrane.
Bahan boleh merentasi membrane plasma dengan cara pengangkutan
pasif atau pengangkutan
aktif bergantung pada jenis membrane.
(a) (i) Define passive transport
Berikan definisi pengangkutan pasif

[ 2 marks/2 markah]

(ii) Explain the three types of difusion in passive transport

Terangkan tiga jenis resapan dalam pengangkutan pasif [12 marks12
markah]
(b) (i)Define active transport
Berikan definidi pengangkutan aktif [2 marks/2 markah]
(ii)Explain the process in active transport
Terangkan process pengangkutan aktif [2 marks/4 markah]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

Disediakan oleh:
oleh:

Disemak oleh:

30

Disahkan

.
Nor Azian binti Ismail
Kamar bin Ahmad
Pentadbiran

.
Paramisari a/p Chinan
KP Sains

Shamsul
PK

SKEMA BIOLOGI : SOALAN 5

5. (i):
P1 The septum prevents the oxygenated blood in left side of the blood
from mixing with the deoxygenated blood in the right side of the heart. /
Septum ini berfungsi untuk mengelakkan darah beroksigen pada bahagian
jantung kiri bercampur dengan darah terdeoksigen pada bahagian jantung
kanan.
P2 This is to ensure that the enough amount of oxygen is supplied to the
body cells. /
Supaya oksigen yang meresap masuk ke dalam sel-sel mencukupi.
2 markah
(ii)
-The artificial pacemaker generates small amount of electrical charges.
-The electrical charges stimulates the nerve impulses to be transmitted to the
both atrium.
-This cause both atria to contract simultaneously
-The contraction of atria causes high pressure of blood in the atria
-The impulses generated by sinoatrial node (SA node) reach the
atrioventricular node (AV
node)
31

-The AV node ensure that all blood in from the atria has entered the ventricles
-The AV node relays the impulses to the bundle of His and the Purkinje fibres
-The impulses than reach the apex of heart
-The ventricles contract and cause the blood pressure to increase
-Blood is pumped out of the heart
-The pacemaker could be adjusted to pump 72 times per minutes as to
ensure the normal blood flow.
-Perentak jantung buatan menjana sedikit cas elektrik
-yang mencetuskan impuls saraf yang kemudiannya tersebar ke seluruh
atrium
- merangsang otot dinding kedua-dua atrium mengecut serentak
-Pengecutan artrium menyebabkan tekanan darah dalam artrium meningkat
-Impuls yang dicetus oleh nodus sinoatrium sampai ke nodus atrioventrikel
( AVN) (pada di dasar atrium kanan)
-AVN memastikan semua darah dalam atrium telah memasuki ventrikel
- sebelum menghantar impuls untuk merangsang pengecutan otot ventrikel
- melalui berkas His dan gentian Purkinje
-Pengecutan ventrikel menyebabkan tekanan darah dalam ventrikel
meningkat
- perentak jantung boleh ditetapkan untuk memberi kadar pengecutan
yang normal / 72 pengecutan per minit
- supaya pengaliran darah normal
Mana-mana 4 markah

Cadangan jawapan

Marka
32

a i

ii

P; phospholipid bilayer/fosfolipid
dwilapisan
Q: pore protein/protein liang
R: carrier protein/protein pembawa
Process/Proses R active
transport/pengangkutan aktif
-Substance difuse from higher
concentration to
lower concentration
-Against the concentraion gradient/
-Through carrier protein/
-Energy is required/

h
3

Pergerakan bahan dari kawasan

berkepekatan rendah ke kawasan
berkepekatan tinggi
Melawan cerun kepekatan
Melalui protein Pembawa
Memerlukan tenaga

-When the cell is exposed to the

respirational poison, respiration is unable
to be carried out.
-Active transport does not occur.
-This is due to no formation of energy.

Jika sel didedahkan kepada racun

respirasi Pengangkutan aktif tidak
berlaku
Racun akan merencatkan proses respirasi
Tiada tenaga dihasilkan
Ci
ii

Red blood cell (erythrocytes)

Sel darah merah/eritrosit

0.74g/100cm3
-No cell burst (or undergoi haemolysis)
and no cell become wrinkles(undergoes
crenation)
Tiada sel yang meletus/haemolisis dan
tiada yang mengecut/krenasi

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-The cell will burst/Sel akan meletus

-The concentration of distilled water is
hypotonic to the red blood cell.
-Water molecules difuse into the red
blood cell through osmosis.
-The cell bursts due to ansence of cell
wall//cannot withstand high osmotic
pressure

Air suling adalah larutan hipotonik

kepada sel darah merah.
Molekul air meresap masuk ke dalam sel
secara osmosis
Sel meletus sebab tiada dinding sel//tidak
boleh menampung tekanan osmotik yang
tinggi
12
markah

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