( Rules of chess ) (Laws of chess )

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1
1.1
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2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4
4.1
4.2 -
4.3
4.4
5
5.1
5.2
6
7
8
8.1
9
10
11
12

13
14

[] a b c d e f g h
8

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[] []Basic moves of a king

abcdefgh
8

abcdefgh
Moves of a rook
abcdefgh
8

abcdefgh

Moves of a bishop
abcdefgh
8

abcdefgh
Moves of a queen
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8

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Moves of a knight
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8

abcdefgh
Moves of a pawn
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8

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The white pawns can move to the squares marked with "X" in front of them. The
pawn on the c6 square can also take either black rook.

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[] a b c d e f g h
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Position of pieces before castling a b c d e f g h

8

abcdefgh

Positions of the king and rook after kingside (White) and queenside (Black) castling

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[]diagram from (Harkness 1967)

abcdefgh
8 8
77
66

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44
33
22
11
abcdefgh

The black king is in check. Black can get out of check by moving the king to an
unattacked square, moving the bishop to the e5 square, or the black knight to the f4
square to block the check, or by capturing the white bishop with the knight.

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[][]diagram from (Harkness 1967)

abcdefgh
8 8
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The white king has been checkmated, Black wins.

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[]diagram from (Harkness 1967)

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8 8
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Black to move is in stalemate, since it has no legal move. The game is

drawn. :

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(Hooper & Whyld 1992:220-21,laws, history of).

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(Daniel Harrwitz) (Johann
Lwenthal) 20
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(Adolph Anderssen) (Ignc Kolisch)
(Sunnucks 1970:459).

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(Luis Ramrez de Lucena)
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17 , , ,
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de Segura) 1561

 (Libro de la invencion liberal y arte del juego del

axedrez) (Sunnucks 1970:294).

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(17261795) .
1828 (Jacob Sarratt) (17721819)
(18031879)
. 19 , 1803
, 1807 , 1836 1854
.
. 1851 (Howard Staunton) (18101874)
" "
. 1854
(Tassilo von Heydebrand und der Lasa) (18181889) 1854
. 1847
. 1860
(Chess Praxis) ;
.
(18451933) 1843
(Paul Rudolf von Bilguer) (18151840)
(Handbuch des Schachspiels) .

FIDE 1924 (FIDE)

. 1929
. FIDE .
.
FIDE
.
. FIDE (1929, 1952, 1955, 1966,
1974, 1992 )
. 1984 FIDE
. FIDE
(Hooper & Whyld 1992:22021). FIDE
( (United States Chess Federation) USCF )
FIDE
(Just & Burg 2003).[15] (Kenneth Harkness) 1956
. USCF USCF

[] 2009 8
15 " 30
"
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