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Verbe neregulate limba engleza

backslide

Past Tense Trecut

arose
awoke
awaked
backslid

be
bear

was / were
bore

beat

beat

become
begin
bend
bet

browbeat

became
began
bent
bet
betted
bid
bade
bound
bit
bled
blew
broke
bred
brought
broadcast
broadcasted
browbeat

build

built

Past Participle Participiu trecut

arisen
awoken
awaked
backslidden
backslid
been
borne
born
beaten
beat
become
begun
bent
bet
betted
bid
bidden
bound
bitten
bled
blown
broken
bred
brought
broadcast
broadcasted
browbeaten
browbeat
built

burn

burned
burnt

burned
burnt

a arde

burst

burst

burst

a izbucni, a navali, a crapa

bust

busted
bust

busted
bust

a rupe, a strica

buy

bought

bought

a cumpara

cast

cast

cast

a arunca

catch

caught

caught

a prinde

choose

chose

chosen

a alege

cling

clung

clung

a se agata

clothe

clothed

clothed

a (se) imbraca

arise
awake

bid
bind
bite
bleed
blow
break
breed
bring
broadcast

Traducerea infinitivului
(sensul principal)
a se ridica
a se trezi
a decadea
a fi
a purta
a bate
a deveni
a incepe
a se indoi
a paria
a licita, a porunci
a lega
a musca
a sangera
a sufla, a bate
a sparge
a creste, a educa
a aduce
a difuza
a intimida
a construi

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Infinitiv

NUMERALUL ORDINAL

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the 1st / first = primul

the 2nd / second = al doilea
the 3rd / third = al treilea

the 4th / fourth = al patrulea

the 5th / fifth = al cincilea
the 6th sixth = al saselea
the 7th / seventh = al saptelea
the 8th / eighth = al optulea
the 9th / nineth = al noualea
the 10th / tenth = al zecelea
the 11th / eleventh = al unsprezecelea
the 12th / twelfth = al doisprezecelea
the 13th / thirteenth = al treisprezecelea
the 14th / fourteenth = al patrusprezecelea
the 15th / fifteenth = al cincisprezecelea
the 16th / sixteenth = al saisprezecelea
the 17th / seventeenth = al saptesprezecelea
the 18th / eighteenth = al optusprezecelea
the 19th / nineteenth = al nouasprezecelea
the 20th / twentieth = al douazecilea
the 21st / twenty-first = al douazecilea
the 22nd / twenty-second = al douazecisiunulea
the 23rd / twenty-third = al douazecisidoilea
the 24th / twenty-fourth = al douazecisipatrulea
the 30th / thirtieth = al treizecilea
the 50th / fiftieth = al cincizecilea
the 100th / hundredth = al o sutalea

PRONUMELE PERSONAL
Nominativ

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I = Eu
You = Tu

He = El
She = Ea
It = El, Ea (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite)
We = Noi
You = Voi
They = Ei
Genitiv
Mine = Al meu
Yours = Al tau
His = Al lui
Hers= Al ei
Ours = Al nostru
Yours = Al vostru
Theirs = Al lor
Dativ
(to) me = mie
(to) you = tie
(to) him = lui
(to) her = ei
(to) it = Lui, ei (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite) (to) us = noua
(to) you = voua
(to) them = lor
Acuzativ
me = pe mine
you = pe tine
him = pe el
her = pe ea
it = pe el, pe ea (pentru obiecte, lucruri neinsufletite)
us = pe noi
you = pe voi
them = pe ei

NUMERARUL

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1 one
2 two
3 three

4 four
5 five
6 six
7 seven
8 eight
9 nine
10 ten
11 eleven
12 twelve
13 thirteen
14 fourteen
15 fifteen
16 sixteen
17 seventeen
18 eighteen
19 nineteen
20 twenty
21 twenty-one
22 twenty-two
23 twenty-three
24 twenty-four
25 twenty-five
30 thirty
40 fourty
50 fifty
60 sixty
70 seventy
80 eighty
90 ninety
100 one hundred
200 two hundred
250 two hundred and fifty
1,000 one thousand
2,000 two thousand
2,574 two thousand five hundred and seventy-four
1,000,000 one million
2,000,000 two million
1,000,000,000 one billion

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Un lucru care trebuie evidentiat e faptul ca in limba engleza se foloseste virgula pentru a separa
miile. Ati observat probabil faptul ca dupa numarul 1 din 1000 se adauga virgula, rezultand in
scris 1,000. Desigur, nimeni nu va va pedepsi daca nu folositi acest sistem, insa e bine de stiut:-)

VERBE
Afirmativ
I Am = Eu sunt
You Are = Tu esti
He Is = El este
She Is = Ea este
It Is = El/Ea Este
We Are = Noi suntem
You Are = Voi sunteti
They are = Ei sunt
Interogativ
Am I ?
Are You ?
Is He ?
Is She ?
Is It ?
Are We ?
Are You ?
Are They ?
Negativ
I Am not
You Are not
He Is not
She Is not
It Is not
We Are not
You Are not
They are not

Afirmativ

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I Have = Eu am
You Have = Tu ai
He Has = El are
She Has = Ea are
It Has = El/Ea are
We Have = Noi avem

You Have = Voi aveti

They Have = Ei au
Interogativ
Do I Have?
Do You Have?
Does He Have?
Does She Have?
Does It Have?
Do We Have?
Do You Have?
Do They Have?
Negativ
I do not Have
You do not Have
He does not Have
She does not Have
It does not Have
We do not Have
You do not Have
They do not Have
Afirmativ
I Have = Eu am
You Have = Tu ai
He Has = El are
She Has = Ea are
It Has = El/Ea are
We Have = Noi avem
You Have = Voi aveti
They Have = Ei au

Interogativ

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Do I Have?
Do You Have?
Does He Have?
Does She Have?
Does It Have?
Do We Have?

Do You Have?
Do They Have?
Negativ
I do not Have
You do not Have
He does not Have
She does not Have
It does not Have
We do not Have
You do not Have
They do not Have

VIITORUL SIMPLU

A. FORMARE

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Viitorul Simplu se formeaza cu auxiliarul will urmat de infinitivul verbului de conjugat.

1. Forma afirmativa:
I will come
You will come
He will come
We will come
You will come
They will come
2. Forma interogativa :
Will I come ?
Will you come ?
Will he come ?
Will we come ?
Will you come ?
Will they come ?
3. Forma negativa :
I will not come
You will not come
He will not come
We will not come
You will not come
They will not come
4. Forma interogativ-negativa
Will I not come ?
Will you not come ?
Will he not come ?
Will we not come ?
Will you not come ?
Will they not come ?

B. INTREBUINTARE (cand folosim acest aspect al Viitorului in vorbire)

1. Viitorul Simplu il folosim in legatura cu asteptari, predictii, opinii sau presupuneri care
se vor desfasura in viitor.

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Don't worry. She'll come back. Nu te ingrijora. Se va intoarce.

My son will be ten next month. Fiul meu va implini zece ani luna viitoare.

2. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste pentru a descrie actiuni obisnuite ce vor avea loc in viitor.
Drivers will always have to pay their speed tickets. Soferii intotdeauna vor trebui sa-si achite
amenzile pentru depasirea vitezei.
Babies will be born and old people will die, as usual. Copii tot se vor naste, si batranii se vor
stinge, ca de obicei.
3. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste in cadrul propozitiilor conditionale de tip 1, precum si in
propozitii temporale.
We will punish him if he does it again. Il vom pedepsi daca va mai face acel lucru din nou.
He will come home when he finishes his work. El va veni acasa dupa ce isi va termina treaba.
4. Viitorul Simplu se foloseste pentru a descrie actiuni ce exprima intentia (mai ales cele
luate in momentul deciziei).
I will have some Pepsi, please. As dori un Pepsi, va rog.
I like this car. I will buy it. Imi place aceasta masina. O voi cumpara

PERFECTUL PREZENT SIMPLU

A. FORMARE

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Perfectul Prezent se formeaza cu auxiliarul to have( have, has ) urmat de participiul trecut al
verbului de conjugat.

( Nu uitati: la un verb regulat, participiul trecut se formeaza prin adaugarea terminatiei -ed; la
verbele neregulate, el reprezinta a treia forma de baza.)
1. Forma afirmativa:
I have arrived
You have arrived
He has arrived
We have arrived
You have arrived
They have arrived
2. Forma interogativa :
Have I arrived ?
Have you arrived ?
Has he arrived ?
Has she arrived ?
Have we arrived ?
Have you arrived ?
Have they arrived ?
3. Forma negativa :
I have not arrived
You have not arrived
He has not arrived
She has not arrived
We have not arrived
You have not arrived
They have not arrived
4. Forma interogativ-negativa
Have I not arrived ?
Have you not arrived ?
Has he not arrived ?
Has she not arrived ?
Have we not arrived ?
Have you not arrived ?
Have they not arrived ?

IMPORTANT !!!
Perfectul Prezent se foloseste cel mai adesea atunci cand dorim sa scoatem in evidenta un efect
pe care il are in prezent o actiune desfasurata in trecut.

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Ex: I have eaten = Am mancat (deci nu mai imi este foame).

Somebody has stolen my pen = Cineva mi-a furat stiloul (asadar nu mai am cu ce scrie)

B. INTREBUINTARE (cand folosim acest aspect al Prezentului in vorbire)

1.Perfectul Prezent descrie o actiune trecuta, ale carei efecte se fac inca simtite in prezent
I have sold my car. Eu mi-am vandut masina(efect=trebuie sa merg la slujba cu autobuzul)
He has read that book. El a citit acea carte (efect=ii cunoaste continutul)
2. Perfectul Prezent se foloseste impreuna cu indicatori temporali nedefiniti, cum ar fi: ever,
never, before, yet, already, dar niciodata cu indicatori temporali definiti, precum yesterday,
last week, a month ago.
She has never seen such a car. Ea niciodata nu a vazut o asemenea masina.
I have already solved that problem. Eu deja am rezolvat acea problema.
3. Perfectul Prezent se foloseste pentru a descrie o actiune care a inceput in trecut si se
continua si in momentul vorbirii(aceeasi parte a zilei, aceeasi zi, acelasi an, etc).
We haven't eaten today yet. Azi inca nu am mancat.
4. Folosit impreuna cu just acest timp descrie ceea ce s-a intamplat de curand. In romana
acest lucru se exprima cu perfectul compus si adverbul tocmai.
They have just got married. Ei tocmai s-au casatorit.
We have just arrived. Noi tocmai ce am sosit.
5. Perfectul Prezent descrie o actiune inceputa in trecut si care se prelungeste in prezent.
In acest caz, se traduce cu prezentul:
How long have they been here? De cand sunt ei aici?
She has been here for three days. Ea se afla aici de trei zile.
6. Perfectul Prezent simplu se foloseste cu expresiile: This is the first time... si It's (a long
time) since...
This is the first time I have been in a cave. E prima data cand ma aflu intr-o pestera.
It's a long time since you have visited me. De mult nu ai mai fost in vizita la mine.

PERFECTUL PREZENT CONTINUU

A. FORMARE

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Perfectul Prezent Continuu se formeaza cu auxiliarul to have( have, has ) urmat de aspectul
continuu al participiului trecut al verbului de conjugat.
(participiul trecut simplu: worked, cleaned; participiul trecut continuu: been working, been
cleaning.)

1. Forma afirmativa:
I have been walking
You have been walking
He has been walking
We have been walking
You have been walking
They have been walking
2. Forma interogativa :
Have I been walking ?
Have you been walking ?
Has he been walking ?
Has she been walking ?
Have we been walking ?
Have you been walking ?
Have they been walking ?
3. Forma negativa :
I have not been walking
You have not been walking
He has not been walking
She has not been walking
We have not been walking
You have not been walking
They have not been walking
4. Forma interogativ-negativa
Have I not been walking ?
Have you not been walking ?
Has he not been walking ?
Has she not been walking ?
Have we not been walking ?
Have you not been walking ?
Have they not been walking ?

B. INTREBUINTARE (cand folosim acest aspect al Prezentului in vorbire)

Perfectul Prezent continuu se foloseste aproximativ in aceleasi situatii ca si Prezentul Perfect
simplu.
Totusi, accentueaza ideea de continuare in prezent a actiunii descrise:

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He has read that book. A citit acea carte. ( Deja cunoaste continutul)
He has been reading that book for three hours. Citeste cartea aceea de trei ore. (si inca n-a
terminat-o)

PREZENTUL CONTINUU
1. La forma afirmativa auxiliarul apare de cele mai multe ori in forma sa contrasa:
I'm running
You're runnning
He's running
We're running
They're running
2. La forma interogativa se inverseaza ordinea dintre subiect si auxiliar:
Am I running?
Are you running?
Is he running?
Is she running?
Are we running?
Are you running?
Are they running?

3. La forma negativa cuvantul not precedat de auxiliar apare de cele mai multe ori in forma sa
contrasa (dar niciodata dupa am) :
I' m not running
You aren't running
He isn't running
She isn't running
We aren't running
You aren't running
They aren't running

4. Forma interogativ-negativa

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Am I not running ?
Aren't you running ?
Isn't herunning ?
Isn't she running ?
Aren't we running ?
Aren't you running ?
Aren't they running ?

B. INTREBUINTARE (cand folosim acest aspect al Prezentului in vorbire)

1. Pentru a descrie o actiune in curs de desfasurare in momentul vorbirii.
In acest caz, este insotit adesea de o indicatie temporala, cum ar fi now, at the moment
Look! He's wasing his car. Priveste! El isi spala masina.
What are you doing there? Ce faci acolo?
2. Pentru a descrie pozitiile corpului:
She's standing. Ea sta in picioare
He's leaning against a wall. El sta sprijinit de un perete.
3. Cand e vorba de o actiune viitoare, prevazuta sau programata:
They're buying a new house in May. Ei isi cumpara o casa noua in luna mai.
What are you doing next Monday? Ce faci lunea viitoare?
4. Cand e vorba de ceva care s-ar putea produce in orice moment:
He looks funny when he's playing his trumpet. Arata comic atunci cand canta la trompeta.
5. Impreuna cu always, pentru a exprima iritarea sau dezaprobarea:
She's always coming in when we talk something important. Intotdeauna trebuie sa intre in camera
fix cand vorbim noi lucruri importante.

PREZENTUL SIMPLU
In lectiile trecute am invatat despre anumite parti de vorbire care nu cereau enorm de mult
efort pentru a fi retinute, insa incepand cu lectia de acum vom invata din tainele Verbului.
Si asa cum va asteptati probabil, vom incepe cu Prezentul.
Numai ca in limba engleza Prezentul are doua forme: una simpla si una continua. In lectia
aceasta vom vedea cum se formeaza si cand se intrebuinteaza forma simpla a Prezentului unui
verb.
A. FORMARE
1. La forma afirmativa se foloseste infinitivul fara particula "to" al verbului:
to run / run

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I run
You run
We run
They run

La persoana a III-a singular se adauga terminatia -s:

He runs
She runs
2.La forma interogativa se foloseste auxiliarul do sau does (la persoana a III-a singular) urmat
de verb:
Do I run?
Do you run?
Does he run?
Does she run?
Do we run?
Do you run?
Do they run?
Observati ca numai auxiliarul se conjuga!

3.La forma negativa se foloseste do not(cu forma sa contrasa don't) sau does not(cu forma sa
contrasa doesn't) pentru persoana a III-a singular:
I do not (don't) run
You do not (don't) run
He does not (doesn't) run
She does not (doesn't) run
We do not (don't) run
You do not (don't) run
They do not (don't) run
4.La forma interogativ-negativa se foloseste don't / doesn't, inversandu-se ordinea dintre
subiect si auxiliar. Forma contrasa e cel mai des folosita:
Don't I run ?
Don't you run ?
Doesn't he run ?
Doesn't she run ?
Don't we run ?
Don't you run ?
Don't they run ?
B. INTREBUINTARE (cand folosim acest aspect al Prezentului in vorbire)
1. Pentru a descrie o actiune care se repeta in mod regulat:
I go to school every day. Merg la scoala in fiecare zi.
Do you brush your teeth every day? Te speli pe dinti zilnic?

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2. Pentru a exprima un obicei:

He reads a lot. El citeste mult

She doesn't smoke. Ea nu fumeaza
3. Pentru a exprima un adevar general, de exemplu o lege a fizicii:
Water freezes at 0 degrees. Apa ingheata la 0 grade.
The Earth spins around the Sun. Pamantul se invarte in jurul soarelui.
4. Pentru a reda o succesiune de evenimente scurte:
He unlocks the door, comes in and takes off his shoes near the door. El descuie usa, intra si se
descalta langa usa.
5. Pentru a exprima o actiune programata in viitor, in special atunci cand se specifica
momentul producerii ei:
Your train leaves at two o'clock. Trenul tau pleaca la ora doua.
We meet him tonight. Ne intalnim cu el diseara.
6. Intr-o propozitie subordonata introdusa prin if sau unless, atunci cand verbul din
principala este la viitor:
I'll come if they come. Voi veni daca vor veni si ei.
7. Dupa when, as soon as, before, after , intr-o fraza in care verbul din principala este la
viitor:
We'll tell you when we meet again. Iti vom spune cand ne vom intalni din nou.
8.- Cu verbele care exprima un sentiment (love, hate, prefer, like, dislike...)
- cu verbele care nu presupun notiunea de durata ( seem, want, belong, know, mean, wish)
- si cu verbele care redau cuvintele cuiva ( say, tell, ask, answer)

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I like movies. Imi plac filmele.

You seem tired. Pari obosit.
What does he mean? Ce vrea sa spuna?